PAMPANGA STATE AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY

PAC, Magalang Pampanga

COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE SYSTEMS AND TECHNOLOGY
ANIMAL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT
INTRODUCTION TO ORGANIC AGRICULTURE

LABORATORY ACTIVITY 1
Produce Organic Vegetables

Name: Honeylynne S. Banaag Date: June 11, 2021

Course, Year and Section: BSA 2-K Score: ________________

I. INTRODUCTION

Organic farming is an agricultural system that uses ecologically based

pest controls and biological fertilizers derived largely from animal and plant

wastes and nitrogen-fixing cover crops, (R. Adamchak, 2008). Organic farming is

a method of crop and livestock production that involves much more than

choosing not to use pesticides, fertilizers, genetically modified organisms,

antibiotics and growth hormones, (H. Martin, 2009).

Organic farming endorses the concept that the soil, plant, animals and

human beings are linked.The entire system is based on intimate understanding

of nature’s ways. The system does not believe in mining of the soil of its nutrients

and do not degrade it any way for today’s needs, (S. Rana, 2011).

The importance of organic farming is to: (1) maintain and improve fertility,

soil structure and biodiversity, and reduce erosion, (2) reduce the risks of human,

animal, and environmental exposure to toxic materials, and (3) fine-tune farming

practices to meet local production conditions and satisfy local markets, (USDA,

2021).

For this laboratory activity, the student used eggplant and chili to grow as

organic crops. Eggplant, brinjal or aubergine (Solanum melongena L.) is together

with tomato among the most widely known edible fruits of the Solanaceae family
 PAMPANGA STATE AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY
PAC, Magalang Pampanga
COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE SYSTEMS AND TECHNOLOGY
ANIMAL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT
INTRODUCTION TO ORGANIC AGRICULTURE

(Daunay, 2008). Chili, a small hot-tasting pod of a variety of capsicum, used

chopped (and often dried) in sauces, relishes, and spice powders.

II. OBJECTIVES

1. Recognize the potential of organic farming for sustainable agriculture production

2. Explore ways to produce organic vegetable in the backyard

3. Generate income from organic vegetable production

III. METHODOLOGY

Land preparation

Land preparation or tillage practice is a very important practice to enhance

good yield from crops grown. It is one of the measures used to control crop diseases

and pest control.

The student used grab hoe to tilt and pulverize the soil, on where, the

eggplant and chili will be planted. Each plants is 2-meter away from each other.

Preparation of Seedlings

Preparation of the seedlings is also an important factor on growing organic

crops. By preparing the seedlings, we may determine the healthy ones that would

be used in planting.
 PAMPANGA STATE AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY
PAC, Magalang Pampanga
COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE SYSTEMS AND TECHNOLOGY
ANIMAL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT
INTRODUCTION TO ORGANIC AGRICULTURE

The student planted the seeds on nursery bed and take care of it for more

than 2 weeks. It was been watered every early in the morning and in the afternoon.

The watering process is being controlled so that the seeds will not be drown and die.

Transplanting

In transplanting stage, the seedlings in the nursery bed that has been

taken cared of will be used.

The student also used some wire in a shape of spoon to properly

transplant the seedlings to the soil. After the transplanting, the student watered the

seedlings every early in the morning and in the afternoon in a controlled way.

Planting (Direct/ Transplanted) Age

The transplanted seedlings is already 2 weeks and a half of age before

being transplanted directly into the soil.

Pest and Disease Management

The student tilt the soil every fifth (5) day in the afternoon lessen the plant

disease that may occur upon the plants. Also, to control the pest that may be

present upon the plant, the student made a homemade organic pesticide that may

help to lessen or kill the pest present on the plant.

Water Management

As for water management, the student watering the plant every day; early

in the morning and late in the afternoon. By managing the water, it may reduce

chance of the plant being drown.

 PAMPANGA STATE AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY
PAC, Magalang Pampanga
COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE SYSTEMS AND TECHNOLOGY
ANIMAL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT
INTRODUCTION TO ORGANIC AGRICULTURE

Weed Management

For the weed management, as it is a organic planting weeds will surely

occurs upon the soil on where the plants are being planted. Also, as the student

watering the plants everyday, weeds will also surely grow.

To control the weeds present on the soil, the student weeds every other

day to lessen the growth of the weeds on the soil.

Fertilizer Application

The student applied the carabao manure on the soil on the day the land is

being prepared. It is being mixed with the soil, so that, the tilted soil will be a healthy.

IV. DATA TO BE GATHERED:

1. Plant height at first month, second month, to harvest

2. Number of fruit/plant

3. Weight of fruit/plant

4. Number of marketable fruit/plant

5. Number of non-marketable fruit/plant

6. Weight of marketable fruit/plant

7. Weight of non-marketable fruits/plant

 PAMPANGA STATE AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY
PAC, Magalang Pampanga
COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE SYSTEMS AND TECHNOLOGY
ANIMAL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT
INTRODUCTION TO ORGANIC AGRICULTURE

V. CONCLUSION
VI. LITERATURE CITED
http://www.omafra.gov.on.ca/english/crops/facts/09-077.htm
https://www.britannica.com/topic/organic-farming
http://hillagric.ac.in/edu/coa/agronomy/lect/agron-3610/Lecture-2-Concepts-of-
Organic-Agriculture.pdf
https://journals.ashs.org/hortsci/abstract/journals/hortsci/50/11/article-p1709.xml