RECIDIVISM

A research proportion submitted in partial fulfillment of the course Criminology,

Penology & Victimology for obtaining the degree B.B.A., LL.B. (Hons.) during
the academic session: 2019-20

Submitted by:

Pragya, B.B.A., LL.B. (Hons.)

Roll: 2029

Submitted to:

Mr. Kumar Gaurav

Faculty of Criminology, Penology & Victimology

February, 2020

Chanakya National Law University, Nyaya Nagar,

Mithapur, Patna-800001, Bihar
 INTRODUCTION
Recidivism is the act of a person repeating an undesirable behavior after they have either
experienced negative consequences of that behavior, or have been trained to extinguish that
behavior.

Recidivism is “one of the most fundamental concepts in criminal justice” and relevant in
understanding the core functions of the criminal justice system such as incapacitation,
deterrence, and rehabilitation. Within criminal justice agencies, the level of recidivism is an
important outcome variable that provides the basis for determining the extent to which an agency
has been able to effectively intervene in the criminality of the offender populations it serves,
identifying the needs for more effective programs, communicating the need for increased
resources, and demonstrating accountability to the public and to legislators.

OBJECTIVES
The researcher has the following objectives:

1. Discuss the types of recidivism.

2. Discuss factors affecting recidivism.
3. Discuss reasons of sexual recidivism.

HYPOTHESIS

There are following hypothesis:

1. The absence of employment is a consistent factor in recidivism.

2. The most plausible reasons to explain the relatively high recidivism rate among released
offenders were centered on the offenders' educational illiteracy, lack of vocational job
skills, lack of interpersonal skills, or criminal history.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
The research work is totally doctrinal method. It includes both primary as well as secondary
sources.
 LIMITATIONS

Area of limitations – Every study has own limitation due to the limited time, lack of sufficient
financial sources and limited area of survey/study of the subject matter.

TENTATIVE CHAPTERISATION

1. INTRODUCTION.
2. TYPES OF RECIDIVISM.
 JUVENILE RECIDIVISM.
 OFFENDERS RECIDIVISM.
 PRISON RECIDIVISM.
 CRIMINAL RECIDIVISM.
 SEXUAL RECIDIVISM.
3. ROLE OF THE PRISON.
4. REASONS FOR RECIDIVISM.
5. FACTORS AFFECTING RECIVIDISM.
6. CONCLUSION.