CHE 2203/2203W

Fluid Transport Principles and

Applications/Workshop
RAMELITO C. AGAPAY
Chemical Engineering Profession
General Concern:
HOW to produce something in very large quantity at the least cost, in a way that is most safe
to humans & causing least harm to the environment?

KEYWORDS:
Large/Commercial Scale,
Economical, Safe

We produce these materials in

chemical processing plants!
A Chemical Processing Plant
A CHEMICAL PROCESS INDUSTRY
reduced to simplest terms:

Raw PROCESS Products

Materials
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DISCIPLINE
Accounts for the flow and
transformation of matter and energy
Considers the rates and limits of
processes
Predicts process performance
 Pretreatment using mathematical models that
 ChemicalReaction takes into account the chemistry,
 Downstream Processing physics or biology of matter
TRANSPORT PROCESSES
Accounts for the flow and
transformation of matter and energy

 MOMENTUM TRANSPORT
 HEAT TRANSPORT
 MASS TRANSPORT

What QUESTION(s) are we answering?

What? Why? How? Hydraulic Jump
Engineers apply scientific knowledge to find real
solutions to problems of practical importance
Water Hammer

Cavitation
MOMENTUM TRANSFER
BASIC IDEAS IN
FLUID MECHANICS
Principle of the APPLICATIONS OF
Conservation of Mass FLUID MECHANICS
First Law of
Thermodynamics Hydraulics
Second Law of Aerodynamics
Thermodynamics Meteorology
Newton’s Second Law Particle dynamics
of Motion Hydrology
Reservoir Mechanics
Multiphase flow
etc...
MOMENTUM TRANSFER
BASIC IDEAS IN
FLUID MECHANICS
Principle of the Conservation of Mass  mass in an isolated system is neither created nor
destroyed by chemical reactions or physical transformations
First Law of Thermodynamics  energy is always conserved, it cannot be created or destroyed.
In essence, energy can be converted from one form into another
Second Law of Thermodynamics  in all energy exchanges, if no energy enters or leaves the
system, the potential energy of the state will always be less than that of the initial state; also
commonly referred to as entropy
Newton’s Second Law of Motion  the acceleration of an object is directly related to the net
force and inversely related to its mass
MOMENTUM TRANSFER
APPLICATIONS OF
FLUID MECHANICS
Hydraulics  the flow of water in rivers, pipes, canals, pumps, and turbines
Aerodynamics  the flow of air around airplanes, rockets, projectiles, and structures
Meteorology  the flow of the atmosphere
Particle dynamics  the flow of fluids around particles, the interaction of particles and fluids (i.e.
dust settling, slurries, pneumatic transport, fluidized beds, air pollutant particles)
Hydrology  the flow of water and waterborne pollutants in the ground
Reservoir Mechanics  the flow of oil, gas, and water in petroleum reservoirs
Multiphase flow  coffee percolators, oil wells, carburetors, fuel injectors, combustion chambers,
sprays
etc...