Me 6511 Dynamics of Laboratory Manual

ME 6511 DYNAMICS OF LABORATORY MANUAL
Exp. Signature of
Date Name of the Experiment Page No.
No. the Staff
1 FLYWHEEL AND AXLE SYSTEM
2 TURN TABLE
4 GYROSCOPE – TO MEASURE
GYROSCOPE COUPLE
DETERMINATION OF SPEED AND

5
SENSITIVITY OF WATT GOVERNOR

6
SENSITIVITY OF PORTER GOVERNOR

7
SENSITIVITY OF PORELL GOVERNOR

8
SENSITIVITY OF HARTNELL
9 a. CAM PROFILE DRAWING, MOTION

CURVES
CAM JUMP PHENOMENON

9 b.
SINGLE DEGREE OF FREEDOM –

10
SPRING MASS SYSTEM
11 WHIRILING OF SHAFT
BALANCING OF RECIPROCATING
12
MASSES
13 BALANCING OF ROTATING MASSES
TRANSEVERSE VIBRATION OF
14
CANTILEVER BEAM
15 VIBRATING TABLE
COMPOUND PENDULAM
BIFILAR SUSPENSION SYSTEM

Ex. No. FLYWHEEL AND AXLE SYSTEM
Date:
AIM
To determine moment of inertia of given object by oscillation
APPARATUS REQUIRED
1. Experimental Setup
2. Connecting Rod
FORMULA
2 2
I1 = (t1 / 2π) X m1 X g X L1, kg.m
2 2
I2 = {(t1 / 2π) X (m1 + m2) g X L1} - I1 kg.m
KEYWORDS AND NOTATION

2
Mass moment of inertia of bar, I1 in kg.m
2
Mass moment of inertia object, I2 in kg.m
Time taken for one oscillation without object, t1 in sec
Time taken for one oscillation with object, t2 in sec
Distance between centroid and pivot point, L1, in m
Mass of bar, m1 in kg = -------
Mass of object m2 in kg= ---------
DESCRIPTION
If, I1 is moment of inertia of a beam about its pivot and I 2 is moment of inertia of
unknown mass ablaut its axis and m2 is the mass of the object and I2 is distance of centroid of
m2 from pivot. (which coincide with centroid of beam).
SPECIFICATION
Bar size: mm
Distance between hinge and centroid of bar: mm

EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE
1. Determine period of oscillation without object, t1

2 2
2. I1 = (t1 / 2π) X m1 X g X L1, kg.m
3. Fix object whose CG consider with CG of beam
4. Determine period of oscillation t2
2 2
5. Calculate I2 = {(t1 / 2π) X (m1 + m2) g X L1} - I1 kg.m
TABULATION
Object Name Time Taken for one oscillation Mass moment of inertia of
object about pivot point I2
Without object With object
T1 in sec T2 in sec
Small End
Big End
Model Calculation
RESULT
Thus the moment of inertia of unknown object can determine by oscillation.

Ex. No. TURN TABLE
Date:
AIM
To determine moment of inertia of given member by using the torsional apparatus
APPARATUS REQUIRED
1. Experimental setup
2. Connecting rod
FORMULA
I1 = (q ) / (4π2)
I2 = {(q ) / (4π2)} - I1
Mass moment of inertia of Disc, I1, in kg.m2
Mass moment of inertia of object, I2, in kg.m2
Time taken for one oscillation of disc, t1, in sec
Time taken for one oscillation of disc with object, t2, in sec
Torsional stiffness of the rod, q, in N mm/rad
q = GJ / L
5
Modulus of rigidity, G = 0.8 x 10
4
Polar moment of inertia, I = (π/32) x d
Wire diameter, d = 6.1 mm
Length of the polish rod = 660 mm
DESCRIPTION
The principle of working of equipment is determination of moment of inertia by

torsional vibration. This consist of a solid steel disc 300 mm diameter and 27 mm thick
mounted on a 6.1 mm round rod 660 mm in length at bottom. A bearing is provided below the
disc to avoid buckling of the rod.
SPECIFICATION
Disc Diameter = 300 mm
Thickness = 27 mm
Mass = 15 kg
2
I1 = 0.16875 kg.mm
1. Give angular twist to disc and measure period (t1) for n of oscillation
2. Find out the mass moment of inertia of the disc using formula I1 = (q ) / (4π2)
3. Compare with theoretical value of the disc using the formula
2
Mass moment of inertia of disc, = m (r /2)
4. Take an object place it on centre of making and find out time taken for n no of
oscillation (t2).
5. Find out the mass moment of inertia of the disc and test object using formula given
TABULATION
Sl No. Time taken for n of oscillation Mass moment of Inertia

Disc (t1 in sec) Object (t2 in sec) of Object
1
2
3
Model Calculation
RESULT
Thus torsional oscillation equipment is tested and also mass moment of inertia of
unknown object is found out.
VERIFICATION OF GYROSCOPIC RELATION
Ex. No.
Date:
AIM
To analysis the gyroscopic effect using the test setup and verify the gyroscopic rules
of plane disc.
APPARATUS REQUIRED
1. Gyroscopic setup.
2. Weight
3. Tachometer
FORMULA
1. Precision ratio (ωP) = (dØ/dt) X 1/180 rad/sec

dØ-change in degree dt-time taken in sec
2. Angular velocity (ω) = 2π N / 60 rad/ sec.
3. Gyroscopic effect (C) = I.ω.ωP
4. Torque, T = w X r
Where
w = weight of the rotor.
r = distance between weight pan centre to disc centre.
2 2
5. I = mr /2 Kg-m . m - mass of the rotor kg
6. Percentage of error = {(T - C) / T} X 100
SPECIFICATION
1. Rotor diameter (d) = 265 mm.
2. Rotor thickness (t) = 12 mm.
3. Distance of weight pan bolt centre to disc center (l) = 156 mm.
4. Weight of the rotor = 5.8 kg.
1. Switch on the supply.

2. Set the require speed of the regulator as constant.
3. Add the load as ½ kg, 1kg etc.
4. Angle of precision i.e. Measured.
5. Loose the lock screw, start the stop watch and note down.
6. Watch the particular interval and time.
7. Take the reading n different load.
8. Repeat the equipment maintaining load as constant and varying the speed.
9. Do the calculation.
TABULATION
Speed Of Disc (rpm) Added weight Dθ Dt

(kg) (degree) (sec)
Angular velocity Torque Precision ratio Gyroscopic Effect C

rad/sec (ω) T (ωP) rad/sec N-m
Model Calculation
RESULT
Thus the Gyroscopic relation was verified.

Ex. No. DETERMINATION OF SPEED AND SENSITIVITY
Date:
FOR WATT GOVERNOR
AIM
To determine the speed and sensitivity of the Watt Governor
APPARATUS REQUIRED
1. Watt governor set up.

2. tachometer
FORMULA
1. Height h = h0 – (x / 2) in m
-1
2. α = cos (h / 2) in deg
3. r = 0.05 + L sin α
4. Angular velocity, ω = (2πN / 60) in rad/s
5. Speed of Governor, N = √(895/h) rpm
6. Sensitivity= N / (N2-N1)
2
7. Force F = (w/g) X ω X r (kg.f)
Length of each unit, L in m

Initial height of governor, h0 in m
Initial radius of rotation r0 in m
Radius of rotation, r in m
Weight of each ball, w = 0.6 kg
h - Sleeve lift in m
N2-Maximum speed in rpm
N1-Minimum speed in rpm
N-Mean speed in rpm
1. The watt governor assembly is mounted over the spindle.

2. The motor is started and speed is adjusted. Speed is measured with the help of
tachometer.
3. Due to this centrifugal force the sleeve will be rise, the speed and the sleeve
height are noted.
4. By using the formula the speed of the governor is calculated.
5. The experiment is repeated at different speed and force.
TABULATION
Speed Radius Sensitivity

Sleeve Angular Force
Sl. of Height of α in of
displacement Velocity F in
No. Motor h in m rotation deg governor
x in m ω kg.f
rpm r in m
Model Calculation
GRAPH
a. Sleeve displacement ‘x’ vs Radius of rotation ‘r’

b. Force ‘F’ vs Radius of rotation ‘r’
c. Speed of governor ‘N’ vs Sleeve displacement ‘x’
RESULT
At different motor speed the sleeve lift are noted and corresponding governor speed
and sensitivity are calculated.
Ex. No. DETERMINATION OF SPEED AND SENSITIVITY
Date:
FOR PROELL GOVERNOR
AIM
To determine the speed and sensitivity of the proell Governor.
APPARATUS REQUIRED
1. Proell governor.
2. Tachometer.
3. Weight
FORMULA
1. Height h = h0 – (x / 2) in m
-1
3. r = 0.05 + L sin α
5. Speed of Governor, N = √ FM/BM x (m+M/m) x 895/h.
6. Sensitivity=N/N2-N1
2

N-Mean speed in rpm
SPECIFICATION
FM/BM-proell link ratio =0.57.

M - Mass of the sleeve assembly=2.25 kg
m - Mass of the ball = 0.092 kg.
1. The proell governor assembly is mounted over the spindle.

tachometer.
height are noted.
TABULATION

x in m ω kg.f
rpm r in m
Model Calculation
GRAPH

RESULT
Ex. No. DETERMINATION OF SPEED AND SENSITIVITY FOR
Date: PORTER GOVERNOR
AIM
To determine the speed and sensitivity of the porter governor.
APPARATUS REQUIRED
1. Porter governor.
2. Tachometer.
3. Weight.
FORMULA
1. 1 Height h = h0 – (x / 2) in m
-1
3. r = 0.05 + L sin α
2

N-Mean speed in rpm
SPECIFICATION
M - mass of the sleeve assembly =2.25 kg

m - mass of the each ball=0.225 kg
1. The porter governor assembly is mounted over the spindle.

tachometer.
height are noted.

TABULATION

x in m ω kg.f
rpm r in m
Model Calculation
GRAPH

RESULT
Ex. No. DETERMINATION OF SPEED AND SENSITIVITY FOR
Date: HART NELL GOVERNOR
AIM
To determine the speed and sensitivity of the porter governor.
APPARATUS REQUIRED
1. Hartnell governor.
2. Tachometer.
3. Weight.
FORMULA
1. 1. 1 Height h = h0 – (x / 2) in m
-1
3. r = 0.05 + L sin α
2

N-Mean speed in rpm
SPECIFICATION
M - mass of the sleeve assembly =2.25 kg
m - mass of the each ball=0.225 kg
1. The porter governor assembly is mounted over the spindle.

tachometer.
height are noted.
TABULATION

x in m ω kg.f
rpm r in m
Model Calculation
GRAPH

RESULT
ME 6511 Dynamics Lab Prep By. VIGNESH P, Asst. Prof, Dept. of Mechanical Engg. Page 17
Ex. No. CAM STUDY MODEL
Date:
AIM
To draw the displacement diagram for various cam profile and roller follower
APPARATUS REQUIRED
1) Experimental setup
2) Roller follower
3) Cams
FORMULA
1. Displacement D = Change in lift lengh in mm

2. Velocity V = D / (1/360) in mm / sec
2
3. Acceleration a = V / (1/360) in mm / sec
1. Taka a paper of size 40cm x 15cm

2. Use scale for x-axis as 1cm = 10ᵒ of rotation of cam.
3. Take height of lift as10cm.
4. Plot displacement diagram for given cam profile.
5. Fit graph paper on drum.
6. Set ‘0 ᵒ’ as a starting point to lift.
7. Give gradual rotation to complot displacement diagram on graph.
8. Compare solution obtained by graphical.
9. Do this for other cam profile and follower.
TABULATION
Angle of Angular velocity

2
Sl. No. rotation in Lift x in Displacement Velocity V a in mm / sec
θ mm D in mm in mm/sec
Model Calculation
GRAPH
a. Angle of rotation ‘ θ’ vs. Lift ‘x’
RESULT
Thus the displacement diagrams are drawn for the given follower and various cams.
Ex. No. CAM JUMP PHENOMENON
Date:
AIM
To determine the speed at which cam jump occur for various spring loading condition.
APPARATUS REQUIRED
2. Spring
FORMULA
Cam jump speed, N = > (60 / 2π) X √ {(1/e) X ({(K X δ)/m} + g)}
δ is compression length of spring, = c + lift = c + (2 X e)
c is initial compression, in mm
e is eccentricity of cam, in mm
k is spring stiffness
SPECIFICATION
g = 9.81 N
e = 0.006m
4 3
K = (Gd ) / (8D n)
5 2
G = 0.8 X 10 N/mm , Coil dia (d) = 1.5 mm, D = 26 mm, number of coil n = 18
TABULATION
Sl No. C ∆ = c+(2 x e) Observed speed Calculated speed
DEVIATION
For the following condition, Cam jump will occur.

2
ω X e > (F/m) + g
Where ω = 2πN / 60
m, mass of follower in kg = 0.292 kg
g, gravitational force = 9.81 N
F, force due to spring = stiffness of spring in N/mm X deflection of spring in

mm
F=KXδ
N = > (60 / 2π) X √{(1/e) X ({(K X δ)/m} + g)}
Model Calculation
RESULT
Thus the CAM Jump phenomenon is carried out and the cam jump speed is noted.
Ex. No. SINGLE DEGREE OF FREEDOM SYSTEM
Date:
AIM
To determine the natural frequency of spring mass system, damping factor and
damping coefficient.
APPARATUS REQUIRED
1. Experimental Setup
2. Electronic timer
3. Spring mass
FORMULA
4 3
Stiffness of spring, K = Gd / 8D n
Natural frequency ωn = √(K/m)
Damping frequency ωd = 2π / td
2
Damping factor ξ = √1 – ( ωd / ωn)
Influence coefficient c = 2 X ξ X m X ωn
Stiffness of spring, K
Rigidity modulus, G = 0.8 X 105 kg/mm2
Coil diameter, d
Mean diameter of coil, D = outer diameter – coil d iameter
Number of turns, n
Natural frequency ωn
Mass attached, m in kg
Damping frequency, ωd
Time taken for one oscillation of mass, td
Damping factor, ξ
Damping coefficient, c
1. Keep one spring and mass only

2. Keep proximity switch at equilibrium position of masss
3. Give 50 mm deflection to mass
4. Measure cycle time for vibration, td calculate ωd = 2π / td
4 3
5. Calculate K = Gd / 8D n
6. Find natural frequency of spring for mass ‘m’ , ωn = √(K/m)
2
7. Find damping factor ξ = √1 – ( ωd / ωn)
8. Do the above for other spring also.
TABULATION
Weight Time taken for Damping Natural Damping Damping

Sl
Added one oscillation frequency Frequency factor coefficient
No.
kg t ωd ωn ξ c
Model Calculation
RESULT
Thus the natural frequency of various spring and damping coefficient are found out.
Ex. No. DETERMINATION OF WHIRLING SPEED OF THE SHAFT
Date:
AIM
To determine the whirling speed of a shaft at various supporting condition
APPARATUS REQUIRED
1. Whirling shaft apparatus

2. Various support and bearings.
3. Tachometer
4. Vernier caliper
5. Steel rule
1. Initially set the bearing block at last hole so that it will be maximum centre
distance between pedestals as mm
2. Calculate lateral stiffness of shaft considering thus as both end fixed beam
3
q = (192EI / L ) X 1000 N/m
5 2
E = 2 X 10 N/mm
4 4
I = (π / 64) d mm
L = 750 mm
ωn = √(q/m)
3. Calculate critical speed of shaft Nc = ωn X (60 / 2π)
4. Run the shaft and gradually increase speed
5. Note the critical speed by observing amplitude of rotor.
6. Increase the speed and ensure that amplitude decreases.
7. CAUTION: Do Not run the shaft longer time at critical speed.
8. Do this for entire variance of 25 mm, 50 mm,…… (pit ch of the hole was 25mm)
TABULATION
L (length of shaft between Nc (rpm) (Calculated) Nc (rpm) (observed)

centre)
Model Calculation
RESULT
Thus the critical speed of given rotor is determined.

Ex. No. BALANCING OF RECIPROCATING MASSES
Date:
AIM
To balance the reciprocating masses in various speed
APPARATUS REQUIRED
2. Masses
3. Power supply
1. Place the equipment in stand (load cell) and fix the M6 bolt.
2. Now check the rotation is in free form
3. Switch on the power supply
4. Then switch off all LEDs in vibration measurement.
5. Put minimum position at coarse and fine knobs
6. Then rotate the coarse knob to middle until the zero LED get changes it status
(blinking of switch off)
7. Then rotate the fine knob to middle position
8. Now vibration setup set as zero
9. Run the equipment without rotating balancing mass & measure the unbalance in
vertical direction.
10. If one LED is blinking then the unbalance force will be 0.125 kg
11. Add balancing mass at ‘r’ opposite to crank fin wit h β = 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 & 1.0
and measure unbalance in vertical direction
12. Verify that the unbalance vertical force is increased when adding weights to
compensate the vertical balancing
13. Also check vibration is increased in according to the speed.
TABULATION
Mass Added FH in 360 rpm Fr visual FH in 450 rpm Fr visual

(g) No. of Load on movement No. of Load on movement
blinking horizontal blinking horizontal
LED LED
RESULT
Thus the changes in horizontal vibration or vice-versa to vertical vibration when the
reciprocating masses are under balancing in kgs
Ex. No. BALANCING OF ROTATING MASSES
Date:
AIM
To balance the given rotor system dynamical with the aid of the force of couple
polygon
APPARATUS REQUIRED
1. Dynamic balancing machine

2. Balancing masses
FORMULA
1. Centrifugal force = mass X inertia

2. Couple = mass X radius X length
1. Check all the plates moving freely over the shaft. Then fix all bolts by connecting the
pulleys of shaft and motor.
2. An unknown value of mass such as length, mass and angle is calculated using force
and couple polygon
3. Then weight should be fixed in the plates and its angles to be adjusted with help of
circular protractor and its length should be corrected with help of vernier calipers.
4. Now switch on the motor
5. By changing the speed of the motor check it out for vibration free running.
TABULATION
Sl. No. Plane Mass in Radius in Θ in Deg Centrifugal Distance Couple

Kg m force in from A1 (kg X m
kg.m Length in X m)
(m)
Model Calculation
Graphical Method
Couple polygon Diagram
Analytical Method
RESULT
Thus the given rotor system has been dynamically balanced with the aid of force and
couple polygon
Ex. No. TRANSVERSE VIBRATION
Date:
AIM
To determine the natural frequency of a cantilever beam
APPARATUS REQUIRED
1. Transverse vibration setup

2. Motor with eccentric cam
3. Cantilever beam with adjustable bed
FORMULA
1. Theoretical natural frequency (ωn) =
2. Actual natural frequency (ωn act) = (2πN) / 60 Cps
3. Deviation = {(ωn - ωn act) / ωn} X 100
4. Correction factor (k) = LLoad / L

5 2
Young’s Modulus (E) = 2 X 10 N / mm
3 4
Moment of Inertia (I) = (1/12) BD in mm
Breadth B, in mm
Thickness T, in mm
Mean length of bar L, in mm
Length between rivot and load point, L Load in mm
Mass of bar, m1 in kg (flat beam)
Mass of motor and its base, m2 in hg
1. Measure the weight and mass of the beam

2. Fix the known distance and way the speed of motor
3. Observe speed of which aptitude maximum
4. Calculate theoretical frequency ωn Find actual frequency of the system ωn act
5. Fixing belt is also act spring damping factor of material the belt.
TABULATION
Sl. No. Length of Correction Theoritical Actual Actula Deviation

LLoad in factor for Frequency speed N in frequency
mm length K ωn rpm ωn act
Model Calculation
RESULT
Thus the natural frequency is find by given transverse vibration is
Theoretical frequency ωn =
Actual frequency ωn act =
Deviation =
Ex. No. VIBRATION TABLE
Date:
AIM
To determine the natural frequency and critical speed of the given vibration table
APPARATUS REQUIRED
2. Spring
3. Power supply
FORMULA
1. Transmissibility ratio = Force transmitted / force excited

2
2. Force excited = mω e
3. Force transmitted = 0.125 X No. of Blinking LED
4. Theoretical natural frequency of system ωn = √(k/m)
4 3
5. Stiffness of spring (p/δ) K = Gd / 8D n
6. Theoretical critical speed Nn = (ωn X 60) / 2π in rpm
7. Actual natural frequency of system = (2πNcri) / 60
SPECIFICATION
1. Mass of motor and its base m = 7.50 kg

5 2
2. Rigidity modulus, G = 0.8 X 10 N/mm
3. Coil diameter of spring, d0 = 3mm
4. Mean diameter of spring, D = 20 mm
5. No. of turns, n = 4
Total no of turns 1
6. P = force applied on the spring, in N
7. δ = deflection of spring in mm
8. Motor Speed range = 200 – 1200 rpm, Power 60W
9. Load cell range = 20 kg
1. Take out motor with unbalance wheel guide rod etc and weight in a balance M = 7.50
kg
2. Measure dimensions of spring used for vibration isolation, d, D, n, free length etc.
3. Calculate stiffness of spring calculate natural frequency. Ensure that this is within
1200 rpm and fix the spring on the table.
4. Set the value in bar graph is as zero. (switch off all led including zero indicator)
5. Then increase the speed of the motor and check the system in vibration mode or not.
If no vibration (oscillation) on spring then adjusts the counter weight added or spring
location.
6. Then now run the motor in 200 rpm. Now increase the speed of motor.
Simultaneously note the speed of motor for each increasing of blinking LED.
2
7. Find force excited = mω e
8. Find force transmitted = 0.125 X number of blinking LED
9. Fine transmissibility ratio = Force transmitted / force excited.
10. Plot transmissibility V0 speed
11. Determine Nc where transmissibility is maximum
12. Calculate ωn = (2πN0 / 60 and compare with natural frequency ωn
13. After reaching all 8 LED increase the speed for additional 200 rpm
14. The now reduce the motor now also simultaneously note the speed of motor for each
increasing of blinking LED note values of force transmitted as function of speed (N)
15. Do the same experiment with diferecnt spring as a function of speed (N)
TABULATION
Sl. No Speed of No. of LED Force Force Transmissibility

motor blinking transmitted excited ratio (T)
Model Calculation
RESULT
Thus the natural frequency and critical speed is determined by given vibration table.
COMPOUND PENDULUM
AIM:
1. To determine the radius of gyration ‘k’ of given compound pendulum.
2. To verify the relation
2 2
K + (OG)
T= 2 
g (OG)
Where, T = Periodic time sec.

K = Radius of gyration about C.G. of rod from support.
OG = Distance of the C.G. of rod from support.
L = Length of suspended pendulum cm.
PROCEDURE
Support the rod on knife-edge.
Note the length of suspended pendulum and determine OG.
Allow the bar to oscillate and determined T by knowing time for says 10 oscillations.
Repeat the experiment with changing C.G of pendulum.
Complete the observation table given below.
OBSERVATION TABLE
Sr. L OG No. Of Time 1 for T(Expt) KExp K The

No. Cm Osc n N, osc, sec. 1/n
CALCULATIONS.
1. Find ‘k’ experimental from the relation
2 2
K + (OG)
T=2
g (OG)
Where, T= Periodic time.

T = t/n
T= Time for n osc.
n= No. of osc.
Substituting for OG and T in the above formula.
Find k (exp) =
L
K theoretical =
2 3
Compare value of k obtained Theo. And expt.
Note: OG = For Pendulum.
RESULT:
The radius of gyration (k) is determined
BI-FILLER SUSPENSION
AIM: To determine the radius of gyration of given bar by using Bi-Filer suspension.
SESCRIPTION OF SET UP:
A uniform rectangular section bar is suspended from the pendulum support frame by two parallel cords. Top
ends of the cords attached to hooks fitted at the top. Other ends are secured the Bi-filer bar. It is possible to
change the length of the cord.
The suspension may also be used to determine the radius of gyration of any body. In this case the body under
investigation is bolted to the center. Radius of gyration of the combined bar and body is then determined.
PROCEDURE
1. Suspend the bar from hook. The suspension length of each cord must be the same.
2. Allow the bar to oscillate about the vertical axis passing through the center and measure the periodic
time T by knowing the time for say 10 oscillations.
3. Repeat the experiment by mounting the weights at equal distance from the center.
4. Complete the observation table given below.
Sr.No. L a T
mm secs.
mm
CALCULATIONS
For Bi-Filer suspension.
K L
T = 2
a g
Where, 2a = distance between two wires mm.

K = Radius of gyration of bi-filer suspension.
Find k experimental by using above formula.

L
K theoretical =
2 3
RESULT: The radius of gyration of bar is determined by using bi-filler suspension.

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ME 6511 DYNAMICS OF LABORATORY MANUAL

1 FLYWHEEL AND AXLE SYSTEM

DETERMINATION OF SPEED AND

DETERMINATION OF SPEED AND

DETERMINATION OF SPEED AND

DETERMINATION OF SPEED AND

9 a. CAM PROFILE DRAWING, MOTION

CAM JUMP PHENOMENON

SINGLE DEGREE OF FREEDOM –

13 BALANCING OF ROTATING MASSES

BIFILAR SUSPENSION SYSTEM

To determine moment of inertia of given object by oscillation

KEYWORDS AND NOTATION

Time taken for one oscillation without object, t1 in sec

Time taken for one oscillation with object, t2 in sec

Distance between centroid and pivot point, L1, in m

Mass of bar, m1 in kg = -------

Mass of object m2 in kg= ---------

Distance between hinge and centroid of bar: mm

1. Determine period of oscillation without object, t1

Thus the moment of inertia of unknown object can determine by oscillation.

To determine moment of inertia of given member by using the torsional apparatus

KEYWORDS AND NOTATION

Mass moment of inertia of Disc, I1, in kg.m2

Mass moment of inertia of object, I2, in kg.m2

Time taken for one oscillation of disc, t1, in sec

Torsional stiffness of the rod, q, in N mm/rad

Wire diameter, d = 6.1 mm

Length of the polish rod = 660 mm

The principle of working of equipment is determination of moment of inertia by

Disc Diameter = 300 mm

Sl No. Time taken for n of oscillation Mass moment of Inertia

1. Precision ratio (ωP) = (dØ/dt) X 1/180 rad/sec

1. Switch on the supply.

Speed Of Disc (rpm) Added weight Dθ Dt

Angular velocity Torque Precision ratio Gyroscopic Effect C

Thus the Gyroscopic relation was verified.

To determine the speed and sensitivity of the Watt Governor

1. Watt governor set up.

KEYWORDS AND NOTATION

Length of each unit, L in m

1. The watt governor assembly is mounted over the spindle.

Speed Radius Sensitivity

a. Sleeve displacement ‘x’ vs Radius of rotation ‘r’

To determine the speed and sensitivity of the proell Governor.

KEYWORDS AND NOTATION

Length of each unit, L in m

FM/BM-proell link ratio =0.57.

1. The proell governor assembly is mounted over the spindle.

Speed Radius Sensitivity

a. Sleeve displacement ‘x’ vs Radius of rotation ‘r’

To determine the speed and sensitivity of the porter governor.

KEYWORDS AND NOTATION

Length of each unit, L in m

M - mass of the sleeve assembly =2.25 kg

1. The porter governor assembly is mounted over the spindle.

5. The experiment is repeated at different speed and force.

Speed Radius Sensitivity

a. Sleeve displacement ‘x’ vs Radius of rotation ‘r’

To determine the speed and sensitivity of the porter governor.

KEYWORDS AND NOTATION

Length of each unit, L in m

1. The porter governor assembly is mounted over the spindle.