2016 IB Physics - Motion and Forces [31 marks]

A car moves north at a constant speed of 3m s –1 for 20s and then east at a constant speed of 4m s –1 for 20s. What is the average [1 mark]
1.
speed of the car during this motion?

A. 7.0m s–1
B. 5.0m s–1
C. 3.5m s–1
D. 2.5m s–1

An object of weight W is falling vertically at a constant speed in a fluid. What is the magnitude of the drag force acting on the object? [1 mark]
2.
A. 0
W
B.
2
C. W
D. 2W

Two stationary objects of mass 1kg and 2kg are connected by a thread and suspended from a spring. [1 mark]
3.

The thread is cut. Immediately after the cut, what are the magnitudes of the accelerations of the objects in terms of the acceleration due to
gravity g?
 A student draws a graph to show the variation with time t of the acceleration a of an object. [1 mark]
4.

What can the student deduce from this graph only, and what quantity from the graph is used to make this deduction?

5. An aircraft is moving horizontally. A parachutist leaves the aircraft and a few seconds later opens her parachute. Which graph [1 mark]
shows the variation of the vertical speed v with time t for the parachutist from the time she leaves the aircraft until just before landing?
6. An object of mass m rests on a horizontal plane. The angle θ that the plane makes with the horizontal is slowly increased from zero. [1 mark]
When θ =θ 0, the object begins to slide. What are the coefficient of static friction µs and the normal reaction force N of the plane at θ =θ 0?

7. A mass is suspended from the ceiling of a train carriage by a string. The string makes an angle θ with the vertical when the train is [4 marks]
accelerating along a straight horizontal track.

What is the acceleration of the train?

A. g sin θ

B. g cos θ

C. g tan θ
g
D. tan θ

Curling is a game played on a horizontal ice surface. A player pushes a large smooth stone across the ice for several seconds and then
releases it. The stone moves until friction brings it to rest. The graph shows the variation of speed of the stone with time.

The total distance travelled by the stone in 17.5 s is 29.8 m.

8a. Determine the coefficient of dynamic friction between the stone and the ice during the last 14.0 s of the stone’s motion. [3 marks]
 The diagram shows the stone during its motion after release. [3 marks]
8b.

Label the diagram to show the forces acting on the stone. Your answer should include the name, the direction and point of application of
each force.

A company designs a spring system for loading ice blocks onto a truck. The ice block is placed in a holder H in front of the spring and
an electric motor compresses the spring by pushing H to the left. When the spring is released the ice block is accelerated towards a
ramp ABC. When the spring is fully decompressed, the ice block loses contact with the spring at A. The mass of the ice block is 55 kg.

Assume that the surface of the ramp is frictionless and that the masses of the spring and the holder are negligible compared to the mass
of the ice block.

(i) The block arrives at C with a speed of 0.90ms −1 . Show that the elastic energy stored in the spring is 670J. [4 marks]
9a.
(ii) Calculate the speed of the block at A.

Describe the motion of the block [3 marks]

9b.
(i) from A to B with reference to Newton's first law.

(ii) from B to C with reference to Newton's second law.

 On the axes, sketch a graph to show how the displacement of the block varies with time from A to C. (You do not have to put [2 marks]
9c.
numbers on the axes.)

9d. The spring decompression takes 0.42s. Determine the average force that the spring exerts on the block. [2 marks]

The electric motor is connected to a source of potential difference 120V and draws a current of 6.8A. The motor takes 1.5s to [2 marks]
9e.
compress the spring.

Estimate the efficiency of the motor.

On a particular day, the ice blocks experience a frictional force because the section of the ramp from A to B is not cleaned properly. [2 marks]
10.
The coefficient of dynamic friction between the ice blocks and the ramp AB is 0.030. The length of AB is 2.0 m.

Determine whether the ice blocks will be able to reach C.

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