Module III – Basics of The Design of Mechanical Elements ME301/304 Spring 2014

Lecture 5- Design for Strength

Mechanical Design Procedure

A component is usually designed in the following sequence:

1. Load analysis: A layout is drawn where the connection with other components
is presented in a simplified form (components center lines). The forces acting
on the component are assumed to be either concentrated or distributed.
2. Material Selection: The material is selected and allowable stresses are found.
3. Component Dimension: The dimensions are determined based on design
criteria (strength, rigidity, wear resistance, etc.).
4. Design and Technical Drawings: The design drawings of the component
are made indicating all dimensions, surface finish, accuracy of
manufacturing and other information necessary for the producing
technical drawings.

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Table MIII-1

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Lecture 6- Design for Rigidity

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Design for rigidity – Rigidity Indices

Rigidity of Mechanical Elements

Deflection in general is influenced by loads, geometry, and elastic properties. It should be

noted that the improvement of the strength properties (SU, SY, etc.) has little effect on the
elastic properties (E, G, ). Thus high strength of a material is not necessarily associated with
high rigidity.

At this point, the following rigidity indices are introduced.

E E
or  Index of material rigidity
SY SU

E
 Index of material weight


ES
 Index of material rigidity and weight


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Element Stiffness

F AE
K  due to axial loading
 L
Element Weight

W  V  LA

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Lecture 7- Design for Rigidity

(Columns)

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Example:

Example:

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Lecture 8- Material Selection

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m  AL  bhL 1
3
1 E
 nF   M 

3
 bL2  
 4b 
1
3
E

bh3 0.3x(0.1)3
I   2.5 x105
12 12
nFL3 1.5 x1500 x(3)3
E   2.025GPa
48I 48 x0.025 x 2.5 x10 5

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Lecture 9- Design for Reliability

DESIGN FOR RELIABILITY
STATISTICAL CONSIDERATIONS

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Strength(Mpa) Heats Probability

n*x
x n P(x)

515.25 4 2061 0.0044

522.12 10 5221.2 0.0110

x
 nx  538044.7  589.31MPa
528.99 6 3173.94 0.0066 x 913

535.86 19 10181.34 0.0208

542.73 21 11397.33 0.0230

549.6 24 13190.4 0.0263

556.47 46 25597.62 0.0504

563.34 57 32110.38 0.0624

570.21 74 42195.54 0.0811

577.08 85 49051.8 0.0931

583.95 82 47883.9 0.0898

590.82 86 50810.52 0.0942

597.69 93 55585.17 0.1019

604.56 66 39900.96 0.0723

611.43 66 40354.38 0.0723

618.3 67 41426.1 0.0734

625.17 39 24381.63 0.0427

632.04 21 13272.84 0.0230

638.91 26 16611.66 0.0285

645.78 10 6457.8 0.0110

652.65 11 7179.15 0.0120

913 538044.7 1.0000

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MPa

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