Group 01

1407201
1407202
1407207
1407212
 Standard

FUNCTIONS:
THE HOSPITAL AS A BUILDING TYPE IS COMPLEX
COMPONENTS

SOME IMPORTANT SECTIONS FOR A HOSPITAL :

-BEDROOM
- NURSING UNIT
- SURGICAL UNIT/ OPERATION THEATRE
- NURSERY
- PEDIATRIC NURSING UNITS
- DIAGNOSTIC X-RAY SUITE
- LABORATORY
- LABOR DELIVERY SUITE
- OUT PATIENT ACTIVITY
- EMERGENCY ACTIVITY
S - EDP UNITS

T
A
N
D
A
Functional Relationships
Admitting dept functional flow chart

Physician
Refered Self refered
individuals individual

Reservation Receptionist
Patient
transfer
1
and Scheduling
discharge

Financial Medical
1 Pre-admiting 1
Manage records
ment
information

Safekeeping interview
Patients
1
valuable Escort
Identification device
And charge plate
Inpatients outpatients
Information services services
Information flow
distribution Nursing units Diagonstic x-ray
Route patient flow Medical Laboratory
Surgical Physical therapy
Emergency patient flow All units Obstatric Out patient clinics
Admitting department
1
concerned Pdiatric Emergency services
Other units
Source__Time Savers Standard s
 INTER-DEPARTMENT RELATIONSHIP
ADJUNCT DIAGNOSIS FACILITIES

DRUG
TREATMENT DISPENSARY

Consultant
office
EXAMINATION
ROOM, HISTRY

SOCIAL SERVICES ADMINISTRATION

TOILET
(HISTORY, RECORD
ROOM)

WAITING ROOM

DELIVERY ROOMS

S OUT PATIENTS
SUPERVISOR

T FIG: OUT PATIENT DEPARTMENT

DOCTORS NURSES LABOR SUB STERILIZING

A
LOCKERS LOCKERS ROOMS
(DOCTORS) (NURSES) (PATIENTS)

N
CLEAN UP

D
SUPPLIES,
JANITORS,
STRETCHERS

A FIG: OBSTETRICAL DEPARTMENT

 INTER-DEPARTMENT RELATIONSHIP
NURSING

ADJUNCT DIAGNOSTIC
FACILITIES SURGERY DEILIVERY SERVICES
LAUNDRY
,KITCHEN
,DINNING ,STUFF
HEALTH OUT-PATIENT EMERGENCY ADMINISTRATION ROOM ,NURSE
(staff, patients,
CENTER DEPARTMENT (ambulance) ROOM & LOCKER
visitors) ,STORAGE ,
MECHANICAL
FIG: GENERAL HOSPITAL ROOM. NURSING

HOSPITAL NURSING DEPT.

OBSERVATION BED BATH

RECORDS ADMINISTRATION STUFF, NURSES ROOM

REGISTRATION ROOM OFFICE EMERGENCY
CONFERENCE, LOBBY, OPERATING ROOM
LOUNGE, WAITING
LOCKERS,

S
LIBRARY, INFORMATION
TO NURSING
TOILET BOOTH
FIG: EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT
T FIG: ADMINISTRATION DEPARTMENT

A IN PATIENTS

N PHYSICAL
RADIOLOGY LABORATORY EMERGENCY PHERMACY
MORGUE&

D
THERAPY AUTPSY

A FIG: DIAGNOSTIC FACILITIES

OUT- PATIENT & HEALTH CENTER
 CORRIDOR

S
WARD CORRIDOR/NURSING AREA MAIN CORRIDOR(SPINE) MEDICAL SERVICES CORRIDOR

T
A
N SERVICE CORRIDOR, WORKING CORRIDOR, WARD CORRIDOR, INTENSIVE CARE

D
DELIVERIES, STORAGE AREA SURGICAL AREA
WIDTH OF CORRIDOR (MINIMUM)
user Width in meter (minimum) Width in feet(minimum)

A Under 50 person
Over 50 person
for bed moving condition
0.9
1.1
2.4
2.95
3.6
7.9
 LIFT & STAIR
LIFTS
1 MULTIPURPOSE SHOULD BE PROVIDED PER 100 WITH A MINIMUM OF 1 FOR SMALLER HOSPITALS.IN ADDITION THERE
SHOULD BE A MINIMUM OF 2 SMALLER LIFTS FOR EQUIPMENTS,STAFFS AND DOCTORS.

MINIMUM STAIR WIDTH 2 METER

WIDTH OF EXIT FOR EACH USER :
SPRINKLER SYSTEM STAIR RAMP & CORRIDOR DOOR
WITHOUT SPRINKLER SYSTEM 25MM 18MM 10MM

S WITH SPRINKLER SYSTEM 15MM 12MM 10MM

T BOUNDARY WALL :

A
1. 1.73sm HEIGHT FROM GROUND LEVEL.
2. 2.64sm FOR GRILL.
3. USING OF AND BRICK WALL (SHOULD BE 2.64sm HIGH) OWNER IS CAPABLE TO CHANGE THE HEIGHT FOR BETTER
N APPEARANCE,UNDER THE PERMISSION OF RAJUK.
RAJUK RULE ( BOUNDARY WALL)

D
TO PROTECT THE SITE A BOUNDARY WALL AT BEST 1.73sm (APPRX) HIGH AND 2.70sm (APPRX) GRILL,NET OR ROLLING ENCLOSER
SHOULD BE MADE.IN CASE OF NET AND GRILL MADE ENCLOSER HEIGHT SHOULD NOT EXCEED 1.73sm FROM THE GROUND.

A BUILDING TO BUILDING DISTANCE :

RAJUK RULE : 5M FACE TO FACE DISTANCE AND 2.5M SIDE BY SIDE.
Lift :
•Lift lobby must have 1.5 m X 1.5/1.23 m area Ramp :
•Minimum width of lift door should be 800 mm •Minimum width of ramp should be 2.4 m

•Minimum size of lift car should be 1500mm X 1200mm
•Flight of exit ramp should not be more than 1 :12
•If the ramp is more than 1:15 than a guard or hand rail must be
provided at both side of the ramp.
•Minimum distance of two hand rail must be 1200mm
•If the single flight of a ramp is more than 9m then there should be
a landing in the ramp which should be 1.5m X 1.5m ( for electric
wheel chair it is 2,5m X 2.5 m

Wash room ,toilet etc. :

•In each floor there should be minimum 1 toilet or 5% of
the total toilet area for the disables
x
•There should be minimum 1.5m X 1.5m clear space
inside the toilet
12x
•From the WC to the wall there should be minimum 900
mm free space 1.23 m
•There should be handrail in height of 400mm from wc.
Maximum horizontal distance of this rail is 300 mm from
the back eall and 450 mm extended in the front.
5% toilet
General toilet
Disable toilet
STAIR
•For health facility building the minimum stair width must be 2.00m.
• Riser must be maximum 175mm and trade must be minimum 225mm.
• Maximum number of steps in one flight must be in 20.
• Head room of the stair case must be 2.15m.
• Railing must be .90m and it should be safe for children use.
• Minimum height of roof top case must be 2.10m.
Specific requirement for occupancy type D (health care facility) :

Fire protection system for D1 and D2:

In addition to the general provisions the following
Numb Measurement Numbe Distance
requirements shall be provided:
er of of the r of fire of fire stair
Manually operator electric fire alarm or automatic fire system buildin building stair
shall be installed in duty room, so that duty person receive the g
fire alarm advance. Portable fire fighting appliances shall be storey
kept as per instruction of the concerned authority

Fire Exit: 2 50 user in 1 23 m

•There must be a fire exit in the building. If there is a stair each floor
and no other fire exit than the stair should be considered
as a fire exit More More than 5oo 2 25 m
than 10 sqm area
•Width of fire stair should be minimum 1.4m
•If ramp is used as fire escape the slope should not exceed
1:12
•There must be a fire exit control room of 10 sqm

25m 25m
 IN-PATIENT DEPARTMENT

FIG. 1: SINGLE ROOM (SMALL) FIG. 2: SINGLE ROOM FIG. 3: FOUR-BED ROOM
(MEDIUM SIZE)

S FIG. 4: DOUBLE ROOM (SMALL) FIG. 5: DOUBLE ROOM (MEDIUM SIZE)

T SIZE OF BEDROOM:
A
SINGLE ROOM: 117 TO 172SFT
DOUBLE ROOM: 157 TO 210SFT
FOUR-BED ROOM: 308 TO 401SFT
N • IN THE TWO AND FOUR BED ROOMS A CLEAR DISTANCE OF 14’ FOR TWO BEDS AND TWO BED-

D •
SIDE TABLE IS NECESSARY.
ACCORDING TO USPHS STANDARD, THE CLEAR DISTANCE IS NEARER 15’.

A
• LAVATORY, TOILET DOOR OR WARDROBE DOOR DO NOT ENCROACH INTO THESE CLEAR
DIMENSIONS IN THE BETTER ROOMS.
 IN-PATIENT DEPARTMENT
FURNITURE:
• BED SHOULD SET PARALLEL TO THE EXTERIOR WALL, SO THAT PATIENT CAN LOOK OUT WINDOW
WITHOUT FACING DIRECTLY INTO THE BRIGHT SKY.
• ACCORDING TO ECONOMIC STATUS OF PATIENTS THE FURNITURE LAY OUT MAY BE VARIABLE .

FIG. 6: WALL ELEVATION OF SINGLE ROOM (LEFT) AND DOUBLE ROOM (RIGHT)
LEGEND: 3. OXYGEN OUTLET 6. NIGHT LIGHT – SWITCH OUTSIDE ROOM
1. OVER BED LIGHT 4. SUCTION OUTLET DOOR
2. NURSES’ CALL 5. SUCTION BOTTLE BRACKET 7. DOUBLE DUPLEX OUTLET
8. TELEPHONE, RADIO, TV JACKS
2A.MICRO SPEAKER IN CEILING 3’

BED DIMENSION:
WIDTH: 2’6’’ TO 3’
HEIGHT: 1.96’/600MM TO 2’
LENGTH: 7’3’’
BED SIDE TABLE: 16MX20M
1.6m/ 5.24sft
HIGHT-4’6’’ AREA PER BED COMPARISON
SHELVES: HEIGHT- 4’6’’

11.2 m

11.2 m
BED SPACING:
12.8 m

A BED SPACING OF
1.6M / 5.24 TO 5.5FT

8m
6.4 m 6.4 m
TOTAL AREA: 82SQM TOTAL AREA: 90SQM TOTAL AREA: 72SQM
AREA PER BED: 5SQM AREA PER BED: 5.6SQM AREA PER BED: 6.0SQM
SPAN: 6.4SQM SPAN: 8.0SQM SPAN: 6.4SQM
OUT-PATIENT DEPARTMENT
Fracture
Main Entrance clinic
X-Ray
Pathology
Separate
entrance

Out patient Dispensary

department
Traction
clinic MEDICAL
RECORDS
Entry

Out-patient dept.
S Fracture clinic Radiology
T
A Separate op entrance
X-Ray
N
Lobby & waiting
Accidental emergency

D Dispensary Traction clinic

A Entry
outpatient department provides diagnosis and care for patients that do
not need to stay overnight.
•Ambulatory patient care services
•One of the first contact between hospital stuff and patient
•All modern facilities and technique for investigation & treatment

•Nurses working station should be located in a centralized area of 25-30 m2

•The patients lounge should be of 25-30 m2.generally in out patient department patients and person accompanying them
wait in the lounge
OPERATION THEATRE:

Free floor space should be 18’ X 20’ or

approximately 350sqft.
Surgical supervisors recommended 20ft x20ft.

DESIGN PRINCIPALS:
- Cleanliness
- Adequate space
- Good quality lighting and ventilation

SHELVES: 16” X 20”

HEIGHT: 1.0m or 3.32ft- 1.2m

ELECTRICAL OUTLETS: 1.5m or 5ft

WINDOWS: should be at the head and 5m2 or 54sq ft

Windows should face north and south. Shaded by a roof overhead of at
least 2.6ft or 300mm.
Work flow in operation theatre:
OPERATING THEATRE
Surgical suite.
Departments in surgical suite:
• Reception
• Surgical dressing room
• Anesthetics
MATERNITY
• Scrub room FROZEN
SUP.STERI
OPRRATING ROOM
• Operating theatre DELIVERY ANT SECTION
ANTE LAB.
• Discharge ROOM EROOM
CLEAN UP

SUPERVISOR
CHANGING NURSES
SCRUP UP
ANT
ROOM ANESTHESN
ROOM
E
ANTE
STERILIZI MAIN THEATRE DOCTORS NURSES
ROOM LOCKER
ZING LOCKER CENTRAL
ROO ROOM ROOM
STERILIZING
M SUPPLIES
CHANGING
ROO PATIENTS NURSES
M DOCTORS
MINOR THEATRE WARDS OTHER
HOSPITAL AREA

FIG.OPERATION THEATRE

OTHER DEPT OUT PATIENTS

SURGICAL DEPT.RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAM

 Flow diagram of surgical unit

PRE- POST-
SURGERY OPERATIVE
OPERATIVE
INJECTION ROOM AND DRESSING ROOM
 WARD
WARD ARRANGEMENT

S
T
A
N
D
A
 FUNCTIONAL RELATIONSHIPS
Flow chart of individual parts: Legend:
Food
Service
Patient
Staff
Visitor

Wards

Bulk kitchen
staff dinning rooms
Phys.Med
O.T X-ray Path Pharmacy
Casualty &
Admission dept

Wards

O.T X-ray Path

 FUNCTIONAL RELATIONSHIPS
Legend:
Service
Department of pharmacy Patient
Staff

F Wards
L
O
w Pharmacy

C Casualty & Admission dept. Outpatient dept

H
Hospital service
A
Wards
R
T
Phar – Phys. Path Mort-
O.T X-ray uary
Macy Med

C.S.S.D Casualty & admission dept Outpatient dept

 FUNCTIONAL RELATIONSHIPS
Legend:
Service
Patient
Department of pathology Staff

Wards

F
L O.T Pathology Mortuary

O Casualty & Admission dept Outpatient dept

W Department of physical medicine

Wards

C Plaster room

H
A
Outpatient dept
 FUNCTIONAL RELATIONSHIPS
Legend:
Food
Service
Patient
Out-patient dept Staff

Bulk kitchen

F staff
dinning rooms X-ray Path
Ph ys.Med Phar-macy

L Casualty &

O admission
dept
Outpatient dept orthopedic clinic

W Diagnostic x-ray dept

Wards

C O.T X-ray

H
A
Casualty & admission dept Outpatient dept
 Occupancy type D
Area needed for per person in health facility
building:

According to the use of the building the type can be TYPE OF AREA FLOOR AREA
PER USER
classified into two categories:
Inpatient area 15sqm
gross
D1 :Normal medical facilities Out patient area 10sqm
gross
The buildings under single management in which
general and specialized medical surgical and other
treatment is provided to person suffering from physical
limitations because of health fall under this category.
50% open
For example: Hospital ,clinic ,nursing homes space
,diagnostic center laboratory
Built area
Open area
D2 : Emergency medical facilities
The building or the part of building which has the
function of providing essential medical facilities Means of access:
having surgery , emergency and casualty treatment Public or private road or street are the means of
areas which is equipped and designated to handle access for the buildings.
post disaster emergency and is required o remain
operational after disaster is included in this category. Open spaces:
For example: Emergency and casualty units of For any kind of educational institution, health care
designed hospital and clients and dispensaries built center etc. open area should not be less than 50% of
as part of disaster preparedness program. the plot area.
Ventilation, Natural light and Courtyard :
•Every building must be well ventilated with window, skylight and fan and light.
•Window area should be 15% of the total floor area of the residential and industrially
used building
•If there is insufficiency in natural ventilation ,mechanical ventilation should be provide.
•Basement floor area should be well ventilated
•If the ventilation source is the courtyard than the size of the courtyard should be
determined as the following chart:

In the courtyard the minimum length must be 1/3 of the maximum building height.

Floor number Height (m) Courtyard area (sqm)

3 11 9
4 14 16
5 17 25
6 20 36
7 23 49
8 26 64
9 29 81
10 32 100
11 36 121
12-13 42 144
14-15 48 196
16-17 54 256
18 up 63 up 361
WASTE DISPOSAL
There are three types of waste paper bags which all have three different color. Such
as:
Black for general waste
Blue for emergency waste
Red for danger waste

This bags are putted on the waste basket according to their need .For example The black bag are
seen on the administrative part but the red waste bag is found on the lab section.

ADMINISTRATION PART: General

waste

Danger Emergency
LAB SECTION : Waste
waste waste

FIG: WASTE DISPOSAL DIAGRAM

case study
Name : Rangpur Medical College
Area :109265.665 sqm/1633.468 katha/81.673 Bigha
Established : 1970
Administrative staff : 1,361
Students : 1,361
Location : Rangpur, Bangladesh
 College building

entry

5 St. New hos.

building

5 St. Hospital
building
2 St. ICU
2 St. damage
building

4 St. girls hostel

2 St. quarter

5 St. boys hostel

mosque

Master plan
 Medical college

Medical hospital

playground

Hostel & querters

zoning
Road network

Entry
Internal Road Network
Site Plan
case study
Name : Dhaka Medical College
Area :109265.665 sqm/1633.468 katha/81.673 Bigha
Established : 1946
Administrative staff : 3,406
Students : 1,050
Postgraduates : 900 (2009)
Location : Ramna, Dhaka, Bangladesh
 SHAHBAGH ROAD

TSC

DHAKA MEDICAL COLLEGE

HOSPITAL
CHANKHAR
PUL

MAIN ROAD
SEC0NDARY ROAD

ROAD NETWORK TERTIARY ROAD

Location chart:
floor wise

Ground floor: 1st floor:

1. emergency department 1. cu- coronary care unit (ward no. 41)
2. Angiogram room 2. Icu- incentive care unit
3. orc- ward no. 30,31,32 (ward no. 33,34,35,36,9,10,11,12)
4. Causality ot 1. baby care unit
5. Maternity cabin (room 1-5) 2. Caesar operation theatre
Ward no. 19,21,16,18 3. Endoscopy room
6. eclampsia ward -ward no. 4. Blood bank
15,20,23,26,22,25,24 5. neuro medicine
7. Administrative block 6. Physical medicine
8. Radiotherapy department 7. laboratory
9. x-ray department
2nd floor plan:
3rd floor plan: 1. Operation theatre complex department
1. Post operative ward 2. Eye bank (ward no. 13,14,37,38,39,40)
(ot complex department 3. R-h step (ward no. 42 43 44 45)
Out patient department
Ground floor: department of
1. Medicine 3. gynae
2. Surgery 4. pediatrics

Outpatient entry

Store
 Out patient department
1st floor : department of
1. eye 3. skin
2. psychiatry 4. venereal 5. ent

chamber
Chamber

Blood bank

Casual OT

Corridor
Fig : Radio therapy and cancer department

Fig : MRI,City scan,X-Ray, Ultrasonography,

Memography department
Fig : Corridor

Fig : ward
 Fig : Central Mosque

Fig : New building

Fig : Nurse canteen
Inpatient medicine
department
-Clinical pathology
department
-Adminstration block
- Department of
Neurology
-Academic Block
Fig : Department of
Transfusion medicine

Fig :Male blood collection

Fig : Lift Lobby

Fig : Information desk

Fig : Lobby Fig : Ward

Emergency

Fig : Info Desk Fig : Entry

Fig : Emergency Ramp

CASE STUDY

Sir Salimullah Medical College Mitford Hospital

Location: Mitford Road, Dhaka-1000

Area: About 12.8 acres of land on the river bank

Fig: Site location, Google Earth View

Fig: Entry Gate

Master Plan

Existing
College
Building

500 bed
Hospital
building

Out patient
Department

Lady
Hostel

Hostel
ward

Nurse
Hostel

Hostel
ward

Boys
Hostel
Road network

Entry
Internal Road Network
Site Plan

Building no 1
(500 bed hospital Medical college
building) Building
Site Plan

Building no 2
Building no 3
Outpatient Dept.
Hostel Ward
Building no 1 (500 Bed Hospital Building, 11 storied)

Fig: Ground Floor

Plan

Fig: Emergency Entry Fig: Building Entry

Building no 1 (500 Bed Hospital Building, 11 storied)

Emergency
Department

Reception &
Vertical
Fig: Ground Floor Circulation
Plan

Fig: Pharmacy Fig: Parking

Fig: First Floor Plan
2nd Floor
ICU ( Intensive Care Unit)

ICU and
Observation
Room

Storage
Room

Doctor’s
Room Wash
Room

Nursing
Station
Secondary
Lobby

Entry
Lobby
ICU ( Intensive Care Unit)

Entry Lobby Secondary Lobby

ICU Washroom

Observation room ICU Entry

Eye Department ( 3rd floor)

Eye Department, Entry Nursing Station

Dark Room Lasik Centre

Change Room Library

Departments (6th Floor)

Paying Surgical Ward,

Female

Inside of surgical ward

NCU
Departments (7th Floor)

Orthopaedic Surgery and

Plastic Surgery Department

Female Ward, Orthopaedic

Surgery

Urology Department
 Building no.2 ( Out-patient Department)

This building contains every outpatient departments. Cardiology

and dental departments are in second and third floor. Waiting
zones are big enough. Third floor also contains the CCU.

Fig: Front View Fig: Entry Ramp

Fig: Ticket Counter

Fig: Entry Gate
Ground Floor Bubble Diagram

Eye
Medicine
department, Surgery
department,
Outpatient Department
Outpatient

Family Washroom
Planning
department

Waiting
and
Reception

Stair and
Ticket Lift
Counter

Entry
Building no.2 ( Out-patient Department)

Fig: Ground floor waiting

Fig: Lift

Fig: Doctor’s room

Fig: 3rd floor waiting
INTERNATIONAL CASE STUDY
Massachusetts General Hospital

Massachusetts General Hospital

Lunder Building
Boston, MA, USA

The massing of the building

reflects the program within,
where the five-story bed tower
is visually separated from the
procedural floors below.

Urban Response: The exterior of

the building is a formal
response to the horizontal and
vertical NATURE of the adjacent
buildings
One of the goals for this project was
to increase the number of beds and
shift from double to single patient
rooms for infection prevention,
privacy. he challenge was to make
this work within the tower's square
floor plate, without increasing travel
distances.
 Rather than creating a square loop of patient rooms
along the perimeter and a central nursing core, the
resulting plan yields two interlocking c-shaped groups of
beds which allows for more rooms per floor; increases
clinical connection; and minimizes staff travel times to
patient rooms, central supply and support areas.
Name : Dinajpur Medical College
Area :109265.665 sqm/1633.468 katha/81.673 Bigha
Established : 1970
Administrative staff : 1,361
Students : 1,361
Location :Dinajpur, Bangladesh
The
End