Infection Control Guidelines: Ahmed Anwar

Infection Control Guidelines
Ahmed Anwar . CIC / CPHQ

• Prepared by :
CBIC Course 2021

•Ahmed Anwar
• CIC / CPHQ
• Infection Control Officer SGH .KSA
• Infection Control Diploma AUC
• Microbiology Department Supervisor
• BICSL Trainer
• ESIC Membership
• APIC Membership
8/31/2021
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Objectives :

 By the end of this presentation you will aware
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about :
1. The gosal on infection control implementation
2. The meaning of the infection chain
3. The meaning & types of the healthcare acquired
infections ( HAI )
4. The meaning of the bundle & bundle types
5. Types of standard precautions
6. Types of expanded ( isolation ) precautions
7. Medical waste management
8. Blood spill management
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Aim Of Infection Control

•The Aim Of Infection Control In
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Healthcare Facilities Is To “
Prevent Infection Transmission
Between Patients , Staff &
Visitors
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infection control responsibility

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•Every body business
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Chain of Infection

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Healthcare Acquired Infection (HAI)

•It’s The Infection Occurred
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To The Patient At The 3rd
Calendar Day From
Admission Not Found Or
Incubated On The
Admission Time .
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HAI Bundles

•Care “Bundles” Are Simple Sets Of
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Evidence-based Practices That,
When Implemented Collectively,
Improve The Reliability Of Their
Delivery and improve patient
outcomes & prevent HAI
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BUNDLE TYPES

CAUTI SSI
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Bundle Bundle
VAP Bundle CLABSI MDRO

Bundle Bundle
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The Basics of IPC practices

Standard Aseptic Needle Blood spill Staff Expanded
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Precaution Technique stick injury management Immunization Precaution
1. Hand
Hygiene (HH)
Contact
2- PPE Precaution
3. Handling/Disposal
of Contaminated
Droplet
Items Precaution
4. Laboratory
specimens Airborne
5. Room Precaution
cleaning
6. Patient
placement
7. Cough
etiquette
8. Food drinks at
and
the work station

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Standard precautions:
1. Hand hygiene

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 Indications ( 5 moments )
 Types
 Procedure
 Duration
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OUR Hands Without Hand Hygiene

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Types of Hand Hygiene

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Surgical Scrub Hand Wash Hand Rub
3-5 Minutes 40-60 Seconds 20-30 Seconds
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Standard precautions
2 - Personal Protective Equipments PPE

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PPE Indications

•PPE Is Used To Create A Barrier Between
HCWs And Patients, Body Substances, Or
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Surfaces. Use Appropriate PPE
(Gloves/Gowns/Plastic Aprons/Eye
Protection) To Prevent Skin And Mucous
Membrane Exposure. Use One Or More Of
These Items Based On The Degree And Risk
Of Exposure.
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PPE Indications
•All PPE Should Be Used Only During

Patient Care As Indicated & Should Be
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Discarded Immediately After Patient
Care
•Not Allowed To Get Out From The
Patient Room With PPE
•Not Allowed To Used The Same PPE To
Give The Care For Other Patient
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Types of the mask

1. Mask surgical
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2. Mask N95 ( need FIT TEST )
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3. Handling/Disposal of Contaminated Items

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Medic Patient
Needles
/sharps
Linen al care
equipment
waste
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1- Handling of needles & sharps

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1- Handling of needles & sharps
A. Dispose Used Sharp Items Into An Approved

Puncture-resistant Container Immediately After Use, At
The Point Of Use, Or As Close To Point Of Use, As
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Possible.
B. Do Not Place Used Sharp Items On Any Environmental
Surface.
C. Do Not Recap Or Manipulate Needles Using Both
Hands Because This Increases The Risk Of Injury. If
Recapping Or Manipulating The Needle Is Deemed
Essential, Then Use Either A One-handed “Scoop”
Technique Or A Mechanical Device Designed To Hold The
Needle Sheath.
D. Close Sharps Containers When ¾ Full And Remove For
Incineration.
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2- Handling of the linen
• a. Handle and transport linen in a manner that

will prevent skin/mucous membrane exposure
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and contamination of clothing or transferring
microorganisms to other patients or the
environment.
• b. Place wet/heavily soiled linen in a designated
impermeable bag and close the bag securely or
wrap wet linen in another piece of linen to avoid
soaking of the bag.
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3- Handling of the medical waste

a. Place biomedical waste in identifiable
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(color-coded) bags or appropriate
containers.
b. Securely tie or close bags/containers and
remove for appropriate disposal.
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4. Handling of Patient care equipment

• a. Handle used patient care equipment in a manner that prevents
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skin and mucous membrane exposure, contamination of clothing
and transfer of microorganisms to other patients or the
environment.
• b. Commonly used equipment must be clean and disinfected
between patients.
• c. Do not reuse single-use items.
• d. Remove organic material from critical and semi-critical
instruments/devices using recommended cleaning agents before
transfer to CSSD for high-level disinfection or sterilization.
• e. Ensure that reusable equipment is properly transported in leak-
proof containers to CSSD for reprocessing before use with another
patient.
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Cleaning and disinfection of medical
instruments

Remember:
All Decontamination, Cleaning, And Sterilization Of
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Medical Equipments Should Be Done In Central
Sterilization Service, None In The Respective
Departments.
 Only Soak The Used Instruments In The Suitable
Detergent –Disinfectant And Send To The Cssd In A
Closed Container.
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4. Laboratory specimens
1. Wear Gloves Before Obtaining Laboratory Specimens.

2. Place Laboratory Specimens In Designated Containers And
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Seal Appropriately.
3. Remove Gloves And Perform Hand Hygiene Once All
Laboratory Specimens Are In The Appropriate
Containers.
4. Label Containers With Appropriate Patient Data.
5. Transfer To The Laboratory In An Upright Position As Much
As Possible And As Promptly As Possible.
6. Ensure No Leakage Of The Laboratory Specimens.
7. Ensure That The Requisition Has The Complete
Information As This Is Critical For Laboratory Analysis And
Clinical Interpretation.
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5. Room cleaning

1. Rooms Should Be Cleaned Daily And After
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Patient Discharge.
2. Cleaning Is Required As Per Housekeeping
Policies.
3. Cleaning Schedule Should Be Available
Everywhere &Implemented
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6. Patient placement

•Place Patients Who Pose As Risk Of
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Transmission To Others (eg., Those
With Uncontained Secretions,
Excretions, Or Wound Drainage) In
Single-patient Rooms When Available.
If A Single Room Is Not Available,
Ensure Contact Isolation Precautions
Are Applied In A Shared Room.
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7. Cough etiquette

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8. Food and drinks at the work station

•Consumption Of Food And Drinks In
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Clinical Areas With Potential For
Exposure To Blood Or Other Infectious
Material Or Where The Potential For
Contamination Of Work Surfaces Exist
Are Prohibited. However, Water
Bottles With Protective Lids, Properly
Labeled With The Employees Name
Are Allowed.
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•Isolation precautions:
•EXPANDED Precautions

 Types of isolation: Based on the mode of transmission of the
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microorganisms
Contact
Droplet .
Airborne
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Expanded Precautions

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• Contact Isolation: GOWN + GLOVES
• Droplet Isolation: Surgical MASK
• Airborne Isolation: RESPIRATOR N95
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Contact Precautions

1- Contact Transmission:
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• A) Direct-contact: Direct Body Surface-to-body Surface
Contact And Physical Transfer Of Microorganisms
Between Susceptible Host And Infected Or Colonized
Person.
• B) Indirect-contact: Contact Of A Susceptible Host With
A Contaminated Intermediate Object, Usually
Inanimate, Such As A Contaminated Instrument,
Needle, Or Dressing, Or Contaminated Hands Of HCW.
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Contact Precautions

• » Examples of diseases transmitted by Contact:
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1. MRSA
2. VRE
3. Herpes simplex
4. Zoster (Shingles)
5. Discharging wounds or lesions
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Droplet Precautions

•Droplets Generated By The Infected Person
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By Cough, Sneeze, Talking, Or During A
Procedure Such As Suctioning The Person’s
Respiratory Tract Travel A Short Distance (1-2
Meters) And Are Deposited On A Susceptible
Host’s Conjunctivae, Nasal Mucosa, Or
Mouth.
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Droplet Precautions

• » Examples of droplet diseases include:
1. Influenza
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2. Pneumonia
3. Mumps
4. Common Cold
5. Bronchitis
6. Respiratory MRSA
7. Rubella
8. Meningococcal Meningitis
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Airborne Precautions

 Dissemination Of Either Droplet Nuclei
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(Small Particle Residue <5 Microns) Or
Dust Particles Containing
Microorganisms Into The Air Are Then
Inhaled By A Susceptible Host.
 This Can Occur Over Significant
Distances Via Normal Air And Ventilation
Systems.
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» Examples of airborne diseases include:
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1. Pulmonary Tuberculosis (TB)
2. Measles
3. Chicken Pox ( Varicella Zoster)
4. SARS
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Aseptic technique and device management
for clinical procedures
Intravenous infusion procedures

Catheter care
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Suctioning policy
Wound care
Cleaning of ventilators
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ASEPTIC TECHNIQUE

•Definition: Some Of Practices To
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Reduce The Number Of
Microorganisms On Hands, Supplies
And Equipment During Patient Care
Procedures.
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ASEPTIC TECHNIQUE

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• Aseptic Technique Involves Using Barriers,
Such As Sterile Gloves, Sterile Gowns, Masks,
And Sterile Drapes, To Prevent The Transfer
Of Microorganisms From Care Providers And
The Environment To The Patients During The
Procedure Being Performed.
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A) Aseptic Technique Component

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1- Appropriate attire is based on the risk of the procedure
2- Hand hygiene
3- Skin antisepsis: ensuring skin is clean before the
procedure with the adherence for antiseptic contact and
drying time.
4- Single-use devices, equipment, and supplies: for
reprocessed supplies ensure an intact seal and confirm that
sterilization indicators with expiration date are verified.
5- Environmental cleaning: By Using Hospital-approved
Disinfectants & Clean Equipment And Supplies (I.E., Mops,
Water, Cleaning Cloths) For Environmental Hygiene.
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B) Clean Technique

1. Wear clean gloves instead of sterile gloves after hand
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antisepsis where clean technique is indicated.
2. Use the “no-touch” dressing technique to prevent
contamination of sterile dressings, depending on the
type and extent of the procedure.
3. Use clean gloves for routine changing of surgical site
dressings, tracheostomy care, and maintenance of
intravascular lines, as long as you use techniques that
prevent the transfer of new organisms or movement
from one site to another site in the same patient.
4. Wear a clean gown to minimize contamination of
clothing, following standard precaution guidelines.
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Multi-dose medication management

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Needle Stick Injury Management

1. No Squeezing To The Injury
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2. Encourage The Wound To Bleed
3. Disinfect your injury
4. Notify your supervisor
5. Notify Infection Control Department
6. Submit Incidence Report
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Body Fluid Exposure

 Rinse Immediately Under Running
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Water: Wash With Saop And Water
 For Exposed Mucous Membranes And
Conjunctiva: Irrigate Immediately With
Copious Amounts Of Water Using Either
Running Tap Water Or An Eye Wash
Bottles.
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•Management of spillage
There must be a system to handle spills.
Hospital staff working in patient care areas are professional in cleaning

of blood/ body fluid spill
 there is a blood spill kit in every patient care unit that include all
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necessary equipments
Policies on spill kit use should be written.
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After 5
Minutes

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Staff Immunization
1. All Employees Have Baseline Screening For Hepatitis B, C, HIV,

And Tuberculosis.
2. The Immune Status Of Newly Hired Staff Against Hepatitis B,
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Measles, Mumps, Rubella, And Varicella Is Determined By
Serological Testing. Appro
3. Response To Hepatitis B Vaccination Is Monitored In
Vaccinated Employees Four Weeks After Completing Vaccine
Series. Non-responders To Hepatitis B Vaccine Are Offered At
Least A Second Series Of The Vaccine.
4. Newly Hired Staff Are Screened For Tuberculosis Upon
Contracting With PPD Test, And The Test Is Repeated Annually
For Those Who Are Non-reactive.
5. PPD Conversion Rates Are Calculated And Monitored.Priate
Vaccine(s) Is Administered To Those Who Are Susceptible.
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Infection Control Guidelines: Ahmed Anwar

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Infection Control Guidelines

Ahmed Anwar . CIC / CPHQ

CBIC Course 2021

Ahmed Anwar . CIC / CPHQ

CBIC Course 2021

Ahmed Anwar . CIC / CPHQ

CBIC Course 2021

Ahmed Anwar . CIC / CPHQ

Ahmed Anwar . CIC / CPHQ

Ahmed Anwar . CIC / CPHQ

Ahmed Anwar . CIC / CPHQ

CBIC Course 2021

Ahmed Anwar . CIC / CPHQ

Ahmed Anwar . CIC / CPHQ

CBIC Course 2021

Ahmed Anwar . CIC / CPHQ

CBIC Course 2021

VAP Bundle CLABSI MDRO

Ahmed Anwar . CIC / CPHQ

CBIC Course 2021

the work station

Ahmed Anwar . CIC / CPHQ

Ahmed Anwar . CIC / CPHQ

Ahmed Anwar . CIC / CPHQ

Ahmed Anwar . CIC / CPHQ

3-5 Minutes 40-60 Seconds 20-30 Seconds

Ahmed Anwar . CIC / CPHQ

Ahmed Anwar . CIC / CPHQ

Ahmed Anwar . CIC / CPHQ

Ahmed Anwar . CIC / CPHQ

Ahmed Anwar . CIC / CPHQ

Ahmed Anwar . CIC / CPHQ

CBIC Course 2021

Ahmed Anwar . CIC / CPHQ

CBIC Course 2021

Ahmed Anwar . CIC / CPHQ

Ahmed Anwar . CIC / CPHQ

Ahmed Anwar . CIC / CPHQ

Ahmed Anwar . CIC / CPHQ

CBIC Course 2021

Ahmed Anwar . CIC / CPHQ

Ahmed Anwar . CIC / CPHQ

A. Dispose Used Sharp Items Into An Approved

Ahmed Anwar . CIC / CPHQ

CBIC Course 2021

• a. Handle and transport linen in a manner that

Ahmed Anwar . CIC / CPHQ

CBIC Course 2021

Ahmed Anwar . CIC / CPHQ

CBIC Course 2021

Ahmed Anwar . CIC / CPHQ

Ahmed Anwar . CIC / CPHQ

CBIC Course 2021

Ahmed Anwar . CIC / CPHQ

CBIC Course 2021

Ahmed Anwar . CIC / CPHQ

CBIC Course 2021

Ahmed Anwar . CIC / CPHQ

CBIC Course 2021

Ahmed Anwar . CIC / CPHQ

CBIC Course 2021

Ahmed Anwar . CIC / CPHQ