Droplet

Precautions
Implementing Transmission-Based Precaution
NCM 112
DR PLET PRECAUTION
In addition to Standard Precautions
Clients with serious illnesses by particle droplets larger
than

5 Microns
 tionale
Ra
Prevent Spread of infectious
diseases transmitted by contact of
NASAL and ORAL secretions

Infected patient >>> Mucous Membranes

of Susceptible host
 EQUIPMENT
Supplies:
Stethoscope Plastic Bags
Thermometer
Blood Pressure Cuff
Droplet precaution
MASK Gloves Gowns
door card
PREPARATION F EQUIPMENT
Keep all droplet precaution supplies
outside the patient’s room in a cart
or anteroom

Healthjade.net
Planning and
Implementation
ACTION

1. Introduce self and verify

the client’s identify using
agency protocol
Planning and
Implementation
ACTION RATIONALE
It is extremely important that clients
2. Explain to the client what you
and family members understand the
are going to do, why it is rationale for the use of barriers to
necessary, and how he or she infection transmission. They must be
can participate. given the opportunity to ask questions
and express feelings.

Hospitalized clients are already socially

isolated from others and use of
additional barriers can initiate negative
feelings such as depression and
withdrawal.
Planning and
Implementation
ACTION RATIONALE

3. Use standard precautions.

4. Place the patient in a single room with

private toilet facilities and an anteroom if
possible.
• The door does not need to be closed
• If a private room is not available, place the
client with another client who is infected with
the same organism
Planning and
Implementation
ACTION RATIONALE

5. Put a droplet precautions card To notify anyone

on the door. entering the room
Planning and
Implementation
ACTION RATIONALE

6. Wash your hands before

entering and leaving the room
and during care as indicated
Planning and
Implementation
ACTION

7. Wear mask when entering the

room if you will be working within
3 feet of the client.
Planning and
Implementation
ACTION

8. Instruct the patient to cover his

nose and mouth with a facial
tissue while coughing or sneezing.
Planning and
Implementation
ACTION RATIONALE

9. Tape an impervious bag to the So that the patient

patient’s bedside. can dispose facial
tissues correctly.

10. Make sure all visitors wear

masks when in close proximity
with the patient (within 3’) and, if
necessary, gowns and gloves.
Planning and
Implementation
ACTION RATIONALE

11. If he must lave the room for So that the

essential procedures, make sure precautions will be
he wears a surgical mask over his maintained and the
nose and mouth. Notify the patient can be
receiving department or area of returned to the room
the patient’s isolation precautions. promptly.
Special consideration
Before removing the mask,
remove your gloves (if worn)
and wash your hands.

Untie the strings and

dispose of the mask, handling
it by the strings only
Record:
 Need for droplet precautions
on the NCP and as otherwise
indicated by your facility.

 Initiation and maintenance of

the precautions

 Patient’s tolerance of the

procedure

 Any patient or family

teaching.

 Date the droplet precautions

were discontinued.
 Contact
Precautions
Implementing Transmission-Based Precaution
NCM 112
C NTACT PRECAUTION
In addition to Standard Precautions
Clients with serious illnesses transmitted by DIRECT
CLIENT CONTACT or contact with ITEMS IN THE
CLIENT’S ENVIRONMENT
 tionale
Ra
Prevent Spread of infectious
diseases transmitted by contact
with body substances containing
the infectious agent or items
contaminated with the body
substances containing the
infectious agent.
Infected patient >>> patient or patient’s
environment
 EQUIPMENT
Supplies:
Stethoscope Plastic Bags
Thermometer
Blood Pressure Cuff
Isolation precaution
MASK Gloves Gowns
door card
PREPARATION F EQUIPMENT
Keep all CONTACT precaution
supplies outside the patient’s room in
a cart or anteroom

Healthjade.net
Planning and
Implementation
ACTION

1. Introduce self and verify

the client’s identify using
agency protocol
Planning and
Implementation
ACTION RATIONALE
It is extremely important that clients
2. Explain to the client what you
and family members understand the
are going to do, why it is rationale for the use of barriers to
necessary, and how he or she infection transmission. They must be
can participate. given the opportunity to ask questions
and express feelings.

Hospitalized clients are already socially

isolated from others and use of
additional barriers can initiate negative
feelings such as depression and
withdrawal.
Planning and
Implementation
ACTION

3. Use standard precautions.

4. Place the patient in a single room with

private toilet facilities and an anteroom if
possible.
• If a private room is not available, place the
client with another client who is infected with
the same organism
Planning and
Implementation
ACTION

5. Place a contact precaution

card on the door.

RATIONALE
To notify anyone
entering the room
Planning and
Implementation
ACTION RATIONALE

6. Wash your hands before

entering and leaving the room
and after removing gloves.
Planning and
Implementation
ACTION
7. Apply clean gloves. Change
gloves and perform hand hygiene
after contact with infectious
materials.

8. Wear a gown when entering

the patient’s room if there will be
any client contact with potentially
contaminated areas.
Planning and
Implementation
ACTION
9. Bag contaminated articles.
a. Identify and separate items that are disposable from those
that are reusable.
b. Place garbage and disposable items such as dressings or
single-use equipment in the plastic bags that line the waste
basket and tie the bag.
c. Place disposable sharps (Needles, scalpels, syringes_
directly into designated sharps containers. Do not
disassemble or recap sharps.
Rationale: To decrease the chances of sustaining a puncture injury.
Planning and
Implementation
ACTION
9. Bag contaminated articles.
d. Place contaminated reusable items in an impermeable bag
and send to the proper area for decontamination.
e. Place soiled linen directly in the linen hamper. Close the
bag and send to the laundry as specified by policy.
f. Place any laboratory specimens in impervious, labeled
containers, and send them to the laboratory at once. Attach a
requisition slip to the outside of the container.
g. Food dishes and silverware require no special handling.
Planning and
Implementation
ACTION

10. Instruct visitors to wear gloves

and a gown while visiting the
patient and to wash their hands
after removing the gown and
gloves.
Planning and
Implementation
11. Remove PPE at the doorway before leaving the room or in the
anteroom, in the proper sequence and dispose of properly.
a. Remove gloves without touching the hands to the
outside of the gloves.
b. Remove googles or face shield.
c. Remove gown without touching hands to the outside of the
gown.
d. Make sure uniform does not contact possible
contaminated surfaces.
e. Remove mask grasping only the ties or elastic.
f. Cleanse hands immediately.
Planning and
Implementation
12. Limit the patient’s movement from the room. If the patient must
be moved, cover any draining wounds with clean dressings. Notify
the receiving department or area of the patient’s isolation
precautions.

Rationale: So that the precautions will be maintained and the

patient can be returned to the room promptly.
Special consideration
Cleaning and disinfection of
equipment between patients
is essential

Designate certain reusable

equipment (thermometer,
stethoscope, BP cuff) for the
patient in contact precautions
to reduce transmitting
infection to other patients.
Special consideration
Remember to change gloves
during patient care as
indicated by the procedure or
task. Wash hands after
removing gloves and before
putting on new ones.
Record:
 Need for contact precautions
on the NCP and as otherwise
indicated by your facility.

 Initiation and maintenance of

the precautions

 Patient’s tolerance of the

procedure

 Any patient or family

teaching.

 Date the droplet precautions

were discontinued.
THANK YOU