ENGLISH 9 - BOOK 1

Name: ………………………………………………………..

2021 - 2022

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UNIT 1: LOCAL ENVIRONEMENT
1. VOCABULARY:

artisan (n) thơ làm nghề Ex: The hand-woven textiles were made by
/ɑːtɪˈzæn/ skilled local artisans.
= craftsman thu công

Ex: I had always been attracted by the idea of

Attract (v) /əˈtrækt/ Thu hút working abroad.
attraction (n) /əˈtrækʃn/ Điểm thu hút Ex: Buckingham Palace is a major tourist
attractive (adj) /əˈtræktive/ Hấp dẫn attraction.
Ex: The city itself is very attractive.
authentic (adj) /ɔːˈθentɪk/ thật Ex: I don't know if the painting is authentic.
Ex: Despite its certificate of authenticity, the
authenticity (n) /ɔːθenˈtɪsəti/ tính xác thật painting was found to be a fake.

cast (v) /kɑːst/ đúc (đồng) Ex: a statue cast in bronze

Ex: traditional crafts like basket-weaving
craft (n, v) /krɑːft/ nghề thu công Ex: All the furniture is crafted from natural
materials.
thơ làm đồ Ex: It is clearly the work of a master craftsman.
craftsman (n) /ˈkrɑːftsmən/
thu công
cross (v) /krɒs/ đan chéo Ex: She sat with her legs crossed.
Ex: The material used to make drumhead is
drumhead (n) /drʌmhed/ mặt trống
very important.
Ex: She embroidered flowers on the cushion
embroider (v) thêu
/ɪmˈbrɔɪdə/ covers.
embroidery (n) nghề thêu
Ex: a beautiful piece of embroidery
frame (n) /freɪm/ khung Ex: the pictures are in gold frames
sản phẩm thu Ex: traditional handicrafts bought by tourists
handicraft (n) /ˈhændɪkrɑːft/
công
lacquerware (n) /ˈlækəweə/ đồ sơn mài Ex: lacquerware can be used as decorations
Ex: Ducks have a thick layer of fat to keep them
layer (n) /ˈleɪə/ Lớp (lá…)
warm.
Ex: A clay mould is used for casting bronze
đổ khuôn, tạo statues.
mould (n, v) /məʊld/
khuôn
Ex: The figure had been moulded in clay.
Ex: The society was set up to preserve
preserve (v)
/prɪˈzɜːv/ bảo tồn endangered species from extinction.
preservation (n) /prezəˈveɪʃn// sự bảo tồn Ex: The paintings were in an excellent state of
preservationist prezəˈveɪʃənɪst/ người bảo tồn preservation.
(n)
Ex: He works as a preservationist

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 Ex: Remind me to phone Alan before I go out.
remind (v) s.o to
/rɪˈmaɪnd/ Nhắc ai làm gì
do s.th
remind (v) s.o of Ex: You remind me of your father when you
Gợi nhớ về say that.
s.th

Ex: The figures were sculpted from single

điêu khắc,
sculpt (v) /skʌlpt/ blocks of marble.
thợ điêu khắc
sculptor (n) /ˈskʌlptə(r)/ Ex: Many sculptors work in clay, but I can get
nghề, tượng greater detail and flexibility from wax.
sculpture (n) /ˈskʌlptʃə/
điêu khắc
Ex: He collects modern sculpture.
set off (ph.v) /set ɒf/ khởi hành Ex: We set off for London just after ten.
Ex: The wallpaper can then be torn off in
strip (n) /strɪp/ dải
strips.
Ex: Teeth have a hard surface layer called
surface (n) enamel.
/ˈsɜːfɪs/ bề mặt
surface (v) Ex: The ducks dived and surfaced again several
metres away.
Ex: The programme focuses on team building,
team-building xây dựng đội
/tiːm-ˈbɪldɪŋ/ leadership development and community
(adj) ngũ
service.
Ex: a robe embroidered with gold thread
thread (n) Sơi
/θred/ Ex: A tiny wire is threaded through a vein to
thread (v) Sỏ qua (kim)
the heart.
xử lí (chất Ex: wood treated with preservative
treat (v) /triːt/
thải…)
Ex: We arranged to meet at 7.30, but she never
turn up (ph.v) /tɜːn ʌp/ xuất hiện, đến
turned up.
Ex: The baskets are woven from strips of
weave (v) đan (rổ, rá), willow.
/wiːv/
weaver (n) dệt (vải…) Ex: He was a hand-loom weaver then, a real
craftsman.
Ex: Many local crafts people produce their
workshop (n) công xưởng, goods from small workshops in their homes.
/ˈwɜːkʃɒp/ Ex: Staff attended a two-day training
hội thảo
workshop on basic PR techniques.

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 UNIT 2: CITY LIFE
1. VOCABULARY:

tuyệt vời, EX: They put on a fabulous performance.

fabulous (adj) /ˈfæbjələs/
tuyệt diệu

EX: You should rely on your own judgement.

rely (v) /rɪˈlaɪ/ EX: He was a very reliable and honest man
reliable (adj) /rɪˈlaɪəbl/ đáng tin cậy who would never betray anyone
reliability (n) /rɪˌlaɪəˈbɪləti/ EX: The incident cast doubt on her motives and
reliability.

/ˌmetrəˈpɒlɪtə (thuộc về) EX: The New York metropolitan area

metropolitan (adj)
n/ đô thị,

/ˌmʌltiˈkʌltʃər EX: Britain is increasingly a multicultural

multicultural (adj) đa văn hóa
əl/ society.

vary (v) / ˈveəri / EX : Class size varies greatly.

sự phong EX: Menus offer a good variety of seafood.
variety (n) / vəˈraɪəti /
phu, đa dạng
EX: The jacket is available in various colours.
various /ˈveəriəs/

EX: She grew up in Boston (= lived there as a

grow up (ph.v) /ɡrəʊ ʌp/ Lớn lên
child).

packed (adj) /pækt/ đông người EX: The hall was packed to capacity.

EX: efforts to control urban sprawl (= the

/ˈɜːbən/
urban (adj) spread of city buildings into the countryside)
(thuộc) đô
/ˌɜːbənaɪˈzeɪʃn
urbanization thị, đô thị EX: a time of rapid urbanization and
/
hóa industrialization
urbanized
/ˈɜːbənaɪzd/
EX: an increasingly urbanized society

EX: Oceania is the region of the world that

châu Đại
Oceania (n) /ˌəʊsiˈɑːniə/ consists of the islands of the Pacific Ocean and the
Dương
seas around them

EX: For a medium-sized power such as Britain,

/ˈmiːdiəm- cỡ vưa, cỡ
medium-sized (adj) the best way to maximise our influence is to
saɪzd/ trung
pool sovereignty by combining with others.

forbid /fəˈbɪd/ EX: The law forbids the sale of cigarettes to

people under the age of 16.
forbade /fəˈbeɪd/
bị cấm EX: The use of cameras in this museum is
forbidden (adj) /fəˈbɪdn/
strictly forbidden.

easy-going (adj) /ˈiːzi-ˈɡəʊɪŋ/ dễ tính EX: He's a generous and easy-going boss.

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downtown (adj) trung tâm EX: He works in an office tower in downtown
thành San Francisco.
downtown (n) /ˌdaʊnˈtaʊn/
phố, khu EX: The hotel is situated two miles north of
thương mại downtown.

nhà cao chọc EX: The soaring skyscrapers of New York City.
skyscraper (n) /ˈskaɪskreɪpə/
trời

mắc ket, EX: Seven of us were stuck in the lift for over
stuck (adj) /stʌk/ không di an hour.
chuyển

EX: We spent the morning wandering around

wander (v) /ˈwɒndə/ đi lang thang
the old part of the city.

EX: I don't know how he can afford a new car

on his salary.
afford (v) /əˈfɔːd/
(giá cả) phải EX: They are meeting consumer demand for
affordable (adj) /əˈfɔːdəbl/
chăng fashionable products at affordable prices.
affordability (adj) /əˌfɔːdəˈbɪləti/
EX: Automobile affordability fell slightly in the
second quarter of the year.

to conduct an experiment/inquiry/
to conduct a survey/poll/study/ investigation
conduct (v) /kənˈdʌkt/ thực hiện
to conduct a test/trial
to conduct research/business

/dɪˈtɜːmɪn/ EX: Your health is determined in part by what

determine (v) xác định you eat.
/dɪˌtɜːmɪˈneɪʃn
determination / sự quyết tâm EX: The expression on his face was one of grim
determination.
determined to do /dɪˈtɜːmɪnd/ quyết tâm
something làm việc gì EX: I'm determined to get this piece of work
done today.

EX: People's voting habits are influenced by

factor (n) /ˈfæktə/ yếu tố
political, social and economic factors.

EX: There was a lot of conflict between him

conflict (n) /ˈkɒnfl ɪkt/ xung đột
and his father.

EX: Her reply indicated a very full

indicate /ˈɪndɪkeɪt/ understanding of the current situation.
chỉ số
indicator (n) /ˈɪndɪkeɪtə/ EX: Housing permits are an indicator of the
state’s economic health.

asset (n) /ˈæset/ tài sản EX: Her eyes are her best asset.

urban sprawl /ˈɜːbən sprɔːl/ sự đô thị hóa EX: Huge tourist attractions have produced

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 choking urban sprawl.

EX: Author and subject indexes are available

index (n) /ˈɪndeks/ chỉ số
on a library database.

EX: They moved into metro Phoenix where

tàu điện
metro (n) /ˈmetrəʊ/ lantana and mulberry trees kept them fat and
ngầm
happy.

dweller (n) EX: The disease spread quickly among the poor
/ˈdwelə/ slum dwellers of the city.
city dweller cư dân
country dweller

EX: We received a negative answer to our

negative (adj) /ˈneɡətɪv/ request.
tiêu cực
positive /ˈpɒzətɪv/ EX: The most important thing is to go into the
exam feeling positive.

for the time being /fə(r) ðə taɪm hiện thời, EX: The union voted not to strike for the time
= at this time: ˈbiːɪŋ/ trong luc này being.

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UNIT 3: TEEN STRESS AND PRESSURE
1. VOCABULARY:

Ex: Adolescence brings about major changes

adolescence (n) /ˌædəˈlesns/ giai đoạn vị in a young person’s body.
adolescent (n) thành niên,
/ˌædəˈlesnt/ Ex: adolescents between the ages of 13 and
adolescent người tuổi vị
18 and the problems they face
(adj) /ˌædəˈlesnt/ thành niên
Ex: adolescent boys/experiences

Người lớn, EX: An adult under English law is someone

adult (n) /ˈædʌlthʊd/ over 18 years old.
giai đoạn
adulthood /ˈædʌlt/ trưởng EX: People in England legally reach
thành adulthood at 18.

calm (adj) /kɑːm/ bình tĩnh EX: He has a very calm manner.

kĩ năng tư EX: Studies show a connection between

cognitive skill /ˈkɒɡnətɪv skɪl/
duy aerobic exercise and cognitive ability.

EX: I can't concentrate on my work with all

concentrate (v)
/kɒnsntreɪt/ that noise.
concentration tập trung
/ˌkɒnsnˈtreɪʃn/ EX: There was a look of intense
(n)
concentration on her face.

EX: She is a confident and practised speaker

who always impresses her audience.
confident (adj) /ˈkɒnfɪdənt/ tự tin
EX: He has the confidence to walk into a
confidence /ˈkɒnfɪdəns/ sự tự tin
room of strangers and immediately start a
conversation.

delighted (adj) /dɪˈlaɪtɪd/ EX: Pat was delighted with her new house.
vui sướng
delightful (adj) /dɪˈlaɪtfl/ EX: Our new neighbours are delightful.

EX: He seemed a bit depressed about his

depressed (adj) /dɪˈprest/ work situation.
tuyệt vọng
depression (n) /dɪˈpreʃn/ EX: I was overwhelmed by feelings of
depression.

embarrassed EX: he felt embarrassed about undressing

/ɪmˈbærəst/
(adj) in front of the doctor.
xấu hổ
embarrassment EX: She blushed with embarrassment.
/ɪmˈbærəsmənt/
(n)

tình huống EX: The pilot of the aircraft was forced to

emergency (n) /iˈmɜːdʒənsi/
khẩn cấp make an emergency landing on Lake Geneva.

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 EX: Are you feeling frustrated in your present
frustrated (adj) /frʌˈstreɪtɪd/ job?
bực bội
frustration (n) /frʌˈstreɪʃn/ EX: I could sense his frustration at not being
able to help.

đường dây EX: A new helpline is now available for people

helpline (n) /ˈhelplaɪn/ nóng trơ trying to stop smoking.
giup

house-keeping /haʊs-ˈkiːpɪŋ kĩ năng làm EX: My financial problems were made worse by
skill skɪl/ việc nhà my bad housekeeping skills.

EX: Mexico gained its independence from Spain

independence
/ˌɪndɪˈpendən in 1821.
(n) sự độc lập,
s/ EX: They all made the same comment, quite
independent tự lập
/ˌɪndɪˈpendənt/ independent of each other (= without deciding
(adj)
together to do so).

informed /ɪnˈfɔːmd quyết định EX: I will consult my parent before making a
decision (n) dɪˈsɪʒn/ có cân nhắc inform decision about how to proceed wedding

cảm thấy bị EX: The older children had gone upstairs to play
left out (adj) /left aʊt/ bỏ rơi, bị cô and she felt left out.
lập

EX: Teach your children life skills such as

life skill /laɪf skɪl/ kĩ năng sống
conflict resolution.

EX: She seemed relaxed and in control of the

relaxed (adj) /rɪˈlækst/ thoải mái, situation
relaxation (n) /ˌriːlækˈseɪʃn/ thư giãn EX: The senator and his family flew to West Palm
Beach for golf and relaxation.

resolve conflict /rɪˈzɒlv giải quyết EX: The government has done nothing to resolve
(v) ˈkɒnflɪkt/ xung đột the conflict over nurses' pay.

EX: The government wants to reform the legal

risk taking (n) /rɪsk teɪkɪŋ/ liều lĩnh system in order to promote risk-taking by
entrepreneurs.

/self- tự nhận EX: He is self-aware enough to realize that he

self-aware (adj)
əˈweə(r)/ thức, ngộ ra needs help.

EX: I faced up to the fact that I was not self-

self-disciplined /self-
tự rèn luyện disciplined enough to lose weight by myself so I
(adj) ˈdɪsəplɪnd/
got a personal trainer.

EX: The kids are sick, I just lost my baby-sitter,

căng thẳng,
stressed (adj) /strest/ and our toilet doesn’t work – no wonder I feel
mệt mỏi
stressed-out!

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 EX: I sing" is in the present tense and "I sang" is
tense (adj) /tens/ căng thẳng
in the past tense.

EX: She was sitting behind her desk with a

worried (adj) /ˈwɜːrid/ worried expression/look on her face.
lo lắng
worrying (adj) /ˈwʌriɪŋ/ EX: It's a very worrying situation.
Synonyms

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UNIT 4: LIFE IN THE PAST

đóng vai, EX: The children started to act out the whole
act out (v) /ækt aʊt/
diễn incident.

EX: Each year as the climate warms the Arctic

arctic (adj) (thuộc về) holds less ice.
/ˈɑːktɪk/
antarctic Bắc cực, EX: The protection of the Antarctic from
/ænˈtɑːktɪk/ nam cực
(adj) commercial exploitation is an important goal of
environmentalists.

bare-footed EX: We took off our shoes and socks and walked
/beə(r)-fʊtɪd/ chân đất
(adj) bare-footed along the beach.

behave (v) ngoan, biết EX: He behaved like a true gentleman.

/bɪˈheɪv/
(+oneself) cư xử

EX: He had his own dogsled team to take him to

dogsled (n) /ˈdɒɡsled/ xe chó kéo
the one-room schoolhouse.

EX: In an old domed church, sunlight painted

domed (adj) /dəʊmd/ hình vòm
rainbow jewels on the marble floor.

vào trung EX: She lives in a really beautiful apartment

downtown
/ˌdaʊnˈtaʊn/ tâm thành downtown.
(adv)
phố

EX: When I lived in Spain, I used to eat out all

eat out (v) /iːt aʊt/ ăn ngoài
the time.

entertain (v) EX: We hired a magician to entertain the

children.
entertaining /ˌentəˈteɪn/
(adj) EX: Her books are always entertaining and this
/ˌentəˈteɪnɪŋ/ giải trí one is no exception.
/ˌentəˈteɪnmənt/
entertainmen EX:They lay on free entertainment at the club
t (n) every day.

EX: This year's Olympic Games will be the

sự kiện,
event (n) /ɪˈvent/ biggest ever sporting event.
nhiều sự
eventful (adj) /ɪˈventfl/ EX: Her time at college was the most eventful
kiện
period of her life.

trực diện, EX: She came face-to-face with her attacker in

face to face
/feɪs tʊ feɪs/ mặt đối the courtroom.
(adv)
mặt

phương EX: The training facility is scheduled to open in

facility (n) /fəˈsɪləti/ tiện, thiết April 2005.
bị

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 EX: They had served a cake, so big you could
igloo (n) /ˈɪɡluː/ lều tuyết
walk inside it, shaped like an igloo.

EX: A large percentage of the rural population

illiterate (adj) /ɪˈlɪtərət/ thất học was illiterate.
illiteracy (n) /ɪˈlɪtərəsi/ nạn mù chữ EX: The illiteracy rate on the island is still
unacceptably high

loudspeaker EX: Loudspeakers broadcast the football

/ˌlaʊdˈspiːkə(r)/ loa
(n) results.

occasion (n) EX: They have been seen together on two

/əˈkeɪʒn/ dịp
separate occasions.
occasionally
/əˈkeɪʒnəli/ thi thoảng
(adverb) EX: We occasionally meet for a drink after work

truyền lại, EX: I passed your message on to my mother.

pass on (ph.v) /pɑːs ɒn/
kể lại

post (v) /pəʊst/ đăng tải EX: Have you posted off your order yet?

snack (n) /snæk/ đồ ăn vặt EX: Snack foods like crisps and peanut.

street vendor người bán EX: He bought a copy from a street vendor.
/striːt ˈvendə(r)/
(n) hàng rong

nghiêm EX: The head teacher imposed very strict

strict (adj) /strɪkt/
khắc discipline.

treat (v) /triːt/ cư xử EX: They treat their animals quite badly.

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UNIT 5: WONDERS OF VIETNAM
1. VOCABULARY:

administrative thuộc về việc EX: Phil's job is mainly administrative.

(adj) /ədˈmɪnɪstrətɪv/
quản ly; hành EX: Administration costs are passed on to
/ədˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃn/
administration chính the customer.

astounding EX: They can perform astounding

/əˈstaʊndɪŋ/ làm sửng sờ,
(adj) mathematical feats in seconds.
/əˈstɒnɪʃɪŋ/ làm sửng sốt
= astonishing

EX: The underground cavern was formed

cavern (n) /ˈkævən/ hang lớn, động
where water used to flow.

thành lũy, EX: The town has a 14th century citadel

citadel (n) /ˈsɪtədəl/
thành trì overlooking the river.

complex (n) /ˈkɒmpleks/ khu liên hơp, EX: a sports/housing complex

EX: Jackson has injured his knee and is now

contest /ˈkɒntest/ Cuộc thi out of the contest.
contestant (n) /kənˈtestənt/ thí sinh EX: She had once been a contestant in the
Miss World competition.

fortress (n) /ˈfɔːtrəs/ pháo đài EX: They took refuge in the fortress.

EX: An evolutionary geological perspective is

geological (adj) /ˌdʒiːəˈlɒdʒɪkl/ one way of viewing the world.
(thuộc) địa chất
geology (n) /dʒiˈɒlədʒi/ EX: She studied botany, geology and
mineralogy.

EX: The landscape is flat and the geology is

limestone (n) /ˈlaɪmstəʊn/ đá vôi
dominated by limestone.

EX: Body temperatures were measured with

measure (n) /ˈmeʒə(r)/ biện pháp
a digital thermometer.

paradise (n) /ˈpærədaɪs/ thiên đường EX: They all expected to go to paradise.

đep, gây ấn EX: Paris is a picturesque and richly historic

picturesque
/ˌpɪktʃəˈresk/ tương mạnh touring centre.
(adj)
(phong cảnh)

EX: I recognized Tom from a television show.

recognize (v) /ˈrekəɡnaɪz/ sự công nhận,
sự thưa nhận EX: He looked up, glanced at them without
recognition (n) /ˌrekəɡˈnɪʃn/
recognition, and went on his way.

xe xích lô, xe EX: Outside on the street, rickshaws,

rickshaw (n) /ˈrɪkʃɔː/
kéo pushcarts, cars and cows jostle for space.

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round (in a hiệp, vòng EX: We sat round the table playing cards.
/raʊnd/
game) (n) (trong trò chơi)

khung cảnh, EX: Cyprus is the perfect setting for a beach

setting (n) /ˈsetɪŋ/
môi trường holiday.

spectacular /spekˈtækjələ(r) EX: The river snakes through some of the

(adj) / đep mắt, ngoạn most spectacular countryside in France.
muc, hùng vĩ
= breathtaking /ˈbreθteɪkɪŋ/

công trình kiến EX: The proposed new office tower is a steel
structure (n) /ˈstrʌktʃə(r)/ truc, công and glass structure 43 storeys high.
trình xây dựng

EX: The tomb was honeycombed with

tomb (n) /tuːm/ ngôi mộ
passages and chambers.

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UNIT 6: VIETNAM – NOW AND THEN
1. VOCABULARY:

annoyed EX: He was beginning to get very annoyed with

(adj) /əˈnɔɪd/ bực mình, me about my carelessness.
annoying /əˈnɔɪɪŋ/ làm khó chịu EX: Her most annoying habit was eating with
(adj) her mouth open.

astonished EX: The helicopter landed before our astonished

(adj) /əˈstɒnɪʃt/ eyes.
kinh ngạc
astonishing /əˈstɒnɪʃɪŋ/ EX: She ran 100m in an astonishing 10.6
(adj) seconds.

EX: Living standards improved rapidly during

boom (n) /buːm/ bùng nổ
the post-war boom.

compartme EX: He found an empty first-class compartment.

/kəmˈpɑːtmənt/ Toa xe
nt (n)

clanging EX: Bells were clanging in the tower.

/klæŋɪŋ/ tiếng leng keng
(adj)

cooperative EX: I asked them to turn down their music, but

(adj) /kəʊˈɒpərətɪv// they're not being very cooperative.
Hơp tác
cooperation /kəʊˌɒpəˈreɪʃn/ EX: This documentary was made with the
(n) cooperation of the victims' families.

elevated /ˈelɪveɪtɪdˈwɔːk lối dành cho EX: Elevated walkway is kind of a pedestrian
walkway (n) weɪ/ người đi bộ walkway

export(v) EX: French cheeses are exported to many

/ekˈspɔːt/ người xuất different countries.
exporter khẩu
/ekˈspɔːtə(r)/
(n) EX: Japan is a major exporter of cars.

extended /ɪkˈstendɪd gia đình nhiều EX: Jeremy Danvers is a part of my extended
family (n) ˈfæməli/ thế hệ family.

nuclear /ˈnjuːkliə(r) gia đình hạt EX: We average fewer than two children per
family (n) ˈfæməli/ nhân nuclear family.

cầu vươt (cho EX: They believe the flyover may have to be
flyover (n) /ˈflaɪəʊvə(r)/
xe máy, ôtô) demolished.

manual làm (gì đó) EX: She tried to cure the pain in my knee by
/ˈmænjuəl/
(adj) bằng tay putting manual pressure on the joint.

mushroom mọc lên như EX: The number of computers in schools has
/ˈmʌʃrʊm/
(v) nấm mushroomed in recent years.

noticeable /ˈnəʊtɪsəbl/ gây chú y, EX: There has been a noticeable improvement

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(adj) đáng chú ý in Tim's cooking.

photo EX: His first photo exhibition took place in

/ˈfəʊtəʊ
exhibition triển lãm ảnh Barcelona in 1925.
ˌeksɪˈbɪʃn/
(n)

pedestrian EX: A few pedestrians sheltered from the rain in

/pəˈdestriən/ người đi bộ
(n) doorways.

EX: The roof of the tunnel was starting to

roof (n) /ruːf/ mái nhà
collapse.

rubber (n) /ˈrʌbə(r)/ cao su EX: Sunlight has caused the rubber to perish.

EX: Put on the sandals when you get into the

sandals (n) /ˈsændlz/ dép
house

thatched nhà tranh, mái EX: They live in a thatched house.

/θætʃt haʊs/
house (n) lá

lơp ngói, bằng EX: The dome is protected by a timber roof and
tiled (adj) /taɪld/
ngói is tiled on the exterior.

xe điện, tàu EX: I hopped off the tram near the park.
tram (n) /træm/
điện

trench (n) /trentʃ/ Hào, mương EX: Workers dug a trench for gas lines.

đường hầm, EX: A service tunnel runs between the two

tunnel (n) /ˈtʌnl/
cống ngầm buildings.

đường hầm EX: I have plans for four underpasses at

underpass cho người đi junctions on trunk roads.
/ˈʌndəpɑːs/
(n) bộ
qua đường

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 GRAMMAR REFERENCE
UNIT 1: COMPLEX SENTENCES - ADVERB CLAUSES

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UNIT 2

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 UNIT 3: REPORTED SPEECH – QUESTION WORDS BEFORE TO INNINITIVE

https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/gerunds-and-infinitives-exer
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cise-1.html
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UNIT 4: WISH SENTENCES

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UNIT 5: IMPERSONAL PASSIVE – CAUSATIVE FORM

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UNIT 5: ADJECTVE + TO INFINITIVE / THAT CLAUSE
1. ADJECTIVES & THE INFINITIVE
Structure: It is + adjective + to + infinitive
good/better It’s good to get up early.
interesting It’s interesting to watch the match.
difficult It’s difficult to study maths.
hard It’s hard to understand him.
easy It’s easy to go by train.
It is safe(er) It’s safe(er) to take an umbrella with you.
It was dangerous It’s dangerous to swim too far from the shore.
to + V
That is possible It’s possible to see him here.
That was useful It’s useful to read this book.
impossible It’s impossible to read your writing.
cheap(er) It’s cheaper to go by car.
expensive It’s expensive to go by car.
odd/strange It ’s strange to wear raincoat while it’s sunny.
rude It’s rude to interrupt the speaker.

Compare: Your writing is awful. It’s impossible to read. ( = to read your writing )
Your writing is impossible to read. (= not to read it)
It’s very interesting to talk to Mary.(= talk to her)
Mary is very interesting to talk to. ( = not to talk to her)
Structure : Subject + be + adjective + to + infinitive

Subject be adjective to infinitive examples

Tom happy She was happy to go out.
My father sad Tom was sad to fail the exam.
Somebody glad I’ m glad to see you.
I nice It’s nice to meet you again.
You pleased He was pleased to receive the present.
He be disappointed to + V Mary was disappointed to hear her bad results.
She surprised He was surprised to see me there.
It delighted We were delighted to get your letter last week.
We amazed Was Tom amazed to hear the story?
You astonished Everybody was astonished to see the fire.
They relieved We were relieved to hear you were safe.

Structure : It is /was + adjective + of + somebody + to + infinitive

(un)kind It’s kind of you to help me.
good It’s good of him to tell the truth.
stupid It was stupid of me to tell her my own story.
clever It was clever of Tom to get out of danger.
It
careless It’s careless of him to left his book at home.
That be of S.O to +V
sensible It’s sensible of the authorities to build that bridge.
(un)reasonable It’s not reasonable of them to make children go out.
silly It’s silly of Ann to give up her job.
(un)fair I think it was unfair of you to criticise me.
considerate It was considerate of you not to speak loudly.
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 EXPRESSIONS + V-ING

It’s no use… There’s nothing you can do about the situation, so it’s no use
worrying about it.

It’s no good… It’s no good trying to persuade me. You won’t succeed.
There’s no point in…
There’s no point in having a car if you never use it.
There’s no point in waiting any longer, so we went away.
I live very near here, so it’s not worth taking a taxi.
It’s (not) worth…

This film is worth seeing. or It’s worth seeing this film.

Do you think this book is worth reading?
…have (no) difficulty… He felt that his life was no longer worth living.
It’s a good idea. That’s worth considering.

I had difficulty finding a place to stay.

Did you have any difficulty having a visa.
…a waste of money… I had the greatest difficulty in persuading her.
…a waste of time… ( I persuaded her with the greatest difficult.)
John had no difficulty in doing his homework.
(He did his homework without difficulty.)
…spend(time)…
…waste (time)…
It was a waste of time reading that book. It was rubbish.
It’s a waste of money buying things you don’t need.

…(be) busy…
He spent hours trying to repair the clock.
He spent his free time reading newspapers.
I waste a lot of time persuading her.
go + v-ing Who spent all day chatting on the internet?
(especially sports)

Ann was busy doing the housework when I arrived.

She’s busy writing letters.
The children were busy helping their mother in the garden.
Go swimming / go sailing / go fishing / go climbing / go skiing /
go jogging / go camping / go shopping / go sightseeing / go
hunting
I’d like to go skiing.

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I. Choose the best answer
1.I am __________ that my teacher helps me improve my English quickly. grateful Afraid
2.She was very __________ that he didn't keep his promise. helpful disappointed
3.Tuan is __________ that his parents live happily together. angry glad
4.They are not __________ that they have to pay much money to buy food. happy unhappy
5.My sister was __________ that her boyfriend was too late to pick her up. Angry delighted
6.Everyone is __________ that we won the first prize. Amazed unlucky
7.I am __________ that I am Vietnamese. important proud
8.He is __________ that his child waters the tree every morning. pleased sad
9.We were __________ that we missed the last bus. thankful worried
10.I am __________ that I sincerely believe in what people say. wrong interesting
11.He was __________ that she didn't tell his parents about the accident. grateful true
12.The teacher is very __________ that her students are very hard-working. delighted afraid
13.I'm not __________ that a robber can do everything to rob money or
properties. unhappy surprised
14.She is __________ that her English result is not bad. relieved disappointed
15.He was __________ that he didn't suffer any side effects of drug overuse. frightened lucky
II. MATCHING
1. The Smiths are delighted that a. ……….she couldn't meet the deadline.
2.We are very angry that b. ……….they are blessed with excellent health and five lovely children.
3.She was worried that c. ……….his ex-girlfriend still remembers his birthday.
4.He is amazed that d. ……….our neighbor always makes loud noise at night.
5.The policeman is happy that 3. ……….he finally arrested the murderer.
6. She is afraid that f. ……….I have bought a bad mobile phone.
7.My little son is sorry that g. ……….her motorbike is going to run out of gas.
8.I'm thankful that h. ……….he has broken the vase.
9.The employees are glad that i. ……….their salaries are paid on time.
10.I am disappointed that j. ……….my younger brother returned safely after being kidnapped.
VII. Combine each pair of the sentences, using the adjective + to- infinitive/ noun clause structures.
1. They passed all the exams. They are lucky.
...............................................................................................................................................................
2. John got Ann's letter yesterday. He was very surprised.
...............................................................................................................................................................
3. She can't come. I'm affraid.
...............................................................................................................................................................
4. We heard about yur father's illness. We were sorry.
...............................................................................................................................................................
5. I have nothing better to offer you. I'm ashamed.
...............................................................................................................................................................
6. Susan received a lot of birthday presents. She was happy.
...............................................................................................................................................................
7. You wouldn't come back. I was worried.
...............................................................................................................................................................
8. You are interested in protecting the enviroment. We are delighted.
...............................................................................................................................................................
9. Jane has decided to leave the company. I'm sorry.
...............................................................................................................................................................
10. He jumped into the river to save the child. It was brave of him.
...............................................................................................................................................................

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PRACTICE
TESTS

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