SARHAD UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY,

PESHAWAR
Department: Civil Engineering Program: BE Civil__________ B

FINAL TERM Examination-Spring 2021

Course Title: Professional Ethics Semester: Spring 2021

Course Code: GS 221 Time Duration: 12 Hours
Instructor’s Name: Mahvish Total Marks: 50 (50 % weightage)
Exam Date: __4__ /AUG/2021
Student’s Name:
Registration No:
Student email:
WhatsApp Contact No:

INSTRUCTIONS:
A) Answer all the Questions in the same Question Paper under each question/section subsequently.
B) Before uploading, save the same file in this format MID EXAM_DEPARTMENT_COURSE_Student Name_Reg#.doc
C) Upload it at your SUIT PORTAL before the deadline. Answer Sheet sent through EMAIL will not be accepted.
D) The total size of this file should not exceed 5MB at the time of uploading it at portal.
E) Type the answers under each question, avoid inserting unnecessary images and follow the instructions at SUIT Portal.
Copying, plagiarism, and sharing your answers with other students is strictly prohibited and marks will be deducted.

Attempt All the Questions.

Each Question Carries 10 marks.

At the end of each answer mention the references/sources you have used while answering the questions.
Don’t copy/paste the answers from the lecture notes at Portal.

NOTE: Strict action will be taken if two or more students are found to have same answers (copy-pasted).
Students are strictly advised not to share the answer sheets with their class fellows.

For Teacher’s Use

Q#1: (10 Marks) (Marks Obtained and Comments if any)

Law of contract is important for Civil engineers. Give three examples. [CLO-01]

SOLUTION:
Contract:
A construction contract is a common or legally obligatory bond between two parties based on policies
and conditions detailed in document for.
Law Of contract:
Contract is a treaty between two or more parties to create responsibilities that can be conducted or
detectable at law.
Important of Contract:
 The importance of contract is based on the fact that the two parties assigning a bond will have a
written proff of everything they should do.
 It's important for parties entering into any significant bond to have written contracts. This is
specifically true for construction projects which are, by their nature, complex.

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  A contract on a construction project sets forth the parties' obligations to each other and determines
how risks will be shared or divided on the project.
 A written contract would be able to deal risks to save time and money in the carrying out of the
project.
 Contracts are the medium within which project risks are allotted and distributed with. The form of
contract used for each project is critical to the potential for best performance and execution of the
project.
 Though construction arguments can be challenging at times, Contract resources provide options to
help parties resolve problems that arise to help create a successful project for everyone involved
which is why parties should be familiar with the legal resources available to them.
 Parties including project owners, general contractors, subcontractors, equipment suppliers, design
professionals, project managers, construction lenders and others may all find themselves facing a
construction argument. As a result, parties on either side of a argument should know how to
protect themselves if something gone to wrong, such as defective construction or break of
contract, but also what to do if they are experiencing construction failings or a party has broken a
contract they are a party to.

The three most common contract types include:

 Fixed-price contracts.
 Cost-plus contracts.
 Time and materials contracts

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For Teacher’s Use
Q#2. (10 marks) (Marks Obtained and Comments if any)

Why the social ethics of a Muslim engineer can only be derived from Islamic principles and values?
Explain. [CLO-1]

SOLUTION:

1. Corruption
Corruption is the main thing in the civil engineering industry. Corruption is strictly prohibited in islam
while there is no such religions or civilizations in which the Corruption is prohibited. 

2. Interest
If a muslim civil engineer has a shere in a forum, islam doesn't give him the permission of interest
unlike other regions.

3. Treating the lower one

Islam gives us the lesson to treat your lower ones with kindness.

4. Equality

Islam gives us the lesson of equality that all the muslims are equal . So a muslim civil engineer will
treat others as he want for himself.
On the basis of above points social ethics of a Muslim engineer will only be derived from Islamic
principles and values because on other region is following these rules..
Being a muslim an engineer must follow these rules.

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Q#3. (10 marks) For Teacher’s Use
(Marks Obtained and Comments if a
Utilitarian theory is bad in itself. Give three examples. [CLO-2]

SOLUTION:

Utitlitarian theory

Utilitarity is a theory of morality, which classify actions as good or bed on the basis of their results. The
actions will be good if they spread happiness and pleasure and the actions will be bed if they spread harm
or unhappiness. According to this theory if an action spread happiness to some peoples but causes harm
or unhappiness to some others then they will be considered as bad.
Utilitarianism is based on the fact that that an action is right if it tends to promote happiness and wrong if
it tends to produce sadness, or the reverse of happiness—not just the happiness of the actor but all the
others that are affected by it . At work, you display utilitarianism when you take actions to ensure that the
office is a positive environment for your co-workers to be in, and then make it so for yourself.
Principles of utilitarianism:
The Three main proinciples of Utilitarianism are
 Pleasure, or happiness, is the only thing that has intrinsic value.
 Actions are right if they promote happiness, and wrong if they promote unhappiness.
 Everyone's happiness counts equally.
Utilitarianism is bed on its self because it relates to the important proverb that no man can serve two
peoples, if an action is good for someone then it will be bed for some other.
Examples
1. Utilitarianism tends to create a black-and-white construct of morality. In utilitarian ethics, there
are no shades of gray, either something is wrong or it is right.
2. Utilitarianism also cannot predict with certainty whether the consequences of our actions will be
good or bad, that is the results of our actions happen in the future.
3. Utilitarianism also has trouble accounting for values like justice and individual rights. For
example, say a hospital has four people whose lives depend upon receiving organ transplants: a
heart, lungs, a kidney, and a liver. If a healthy person wanders into the hospital, his organs could
be harvested to save four lives at the expense of his one life. This would arguably produce the
greatest good for the greatest number. But few would consider it an acceptable course of action,
let alone an ethical one.

For Teacher’s Use

(Marks Obtained and Comments if any)

Q#4. (10 marks)

Pakistan’s Civil engineering is heading towards Sustainability in order to protect the environment. Do
you agree or disagree? [CLO-2]

SOLUTION:

The world is becoming a place in which the human population is becoming more crowded, more
consuming, more polluting and more connected. There is a growing acknowledgment that humans are
altering the Earth’s natural systems at all scales, from local to global at an unprecedented rate. This has
raised an important issue of maintaining a balance between satisfying the needs of an exponentially
increasing population and preserving the carrying capacity of our ecosystems and biological and cultural

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diversity. A related question is what should be done now and in the near future to ensure that the basic
needs for water, sanitation, nutrition, health, safety, and meaningful work are fulfilled for all humans.
These commitments ware usually defined as “Millennium Development Goals".
The increasing population is creating unprecedented demands for energy, food, land, water,
transportation, materials, waste disposal, earth moving, health care, environmental cleanup,
telecommunication, and infrastructure. The role of engineers will be critical in fulfilling those demands at
various scales, ranging from remote small communities to large urban areas (megacities), mostly in the
developing world.
Considering the problems facing our planet today and the problems expected to arise in the first half of
the twenty-first century, the engineering profession must revisit its mindset and adopt a new mission
statement - to contribute to the building of a more sustainable, stable, and equitable world. "Sustainable
development will be impossible without the full input by the engineering profession.
I agree with this that Civil engineering is heading towards Sustainability in order to protect the
environment.
Professional engineers have an important and significant role to meet the sustainability. They work to
enhance the welfare, health and safety, with the minimal use of natural resources and paying attention
with regard to the environment and the sustainability of resources. Their work is influenced by the
opportunities and challenges that bring the sustainability. Engineers are the providers of options and
solutions to maximize social value and minimize environmental impact. There are some pressing
challenges due to the adverse effects of environmental pollution, depletion of resources, rapid population
growth and damage to ecosystems. Therefore a purely environmental approach is insufficient, and
increasingly engineers are required to take a wider perspective including goals such as poverty
alleviation, social justice and local and global connections.

For Teacher’s Use

Q#5. (10 marks) (Marks Obtained and Comments if any)

Case Study: [CLO-3]

You are a student from a very small undergraduate institution, accepted for graduate study in a
prestigious
university. Your first year is covered by a scholarship. When you arrive, your advisors place you in the
standard first-year graduate classes. You have doubts about your background.

Q 1. What should you do?

SOLUTION:
There can be many cases to consider
1. We should accept the placement because we never give a chance to people to think that we are
unable to handle the graduation workload.

2. We should check clearly about normal undergraduate courses and advanced courses in the first
term because some advanced courses are very tough to study them in first term.

3. We should listen to some graduate and undergraduate classes and give a complete focus on
undergraduate work where we have particular doubt on preparation.

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 4. We should take the advices of our seniors who are completed their graduation to know certain
outcomes. Never step ahead with incomplete knowledge about the courses; this may leads to
problems in future.

From the above options, which one we select, it completely dependent on our preparation. It is very
important to realize that we are responsible on what happens to us about our study. Student must be
confident about the graduation, and never lose hope while facing consequences. We should work hard for
the successful completion of our course. Never focus on outsider words they may raise certain questions
about your background.

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