GEOINFORMATICS LABORATORY EXERCISE-1: MAP READING (LAB REPORT)

Vyush Agarwal(180881)

KEY WORDS: Latitude, Longitude, Arc length, Topographic maps,Contours.

ABSTRACT:

This report contains brief explanation of what I have learned in lab 1 and my attempts on solving the first lab exercise: Map Reading.
The objective of this report is to understand map numbering system and to study various details on topographic map(s).

1. INTRODUCTION Table 2. Kanpur

Scale Map Number
There are various types of maps: cadastral maps, topographical 1:1M 63
maps, maps which show the boundary. This lab is primarily 1:250K 63 B
based on topographical maps. 1:50K 63 B/2
1:25K 63 B/2/SE
Topographical maps show the topography of an area. It includes
both the natural and man-made features of an area. In such Table 3. Delhi
maps the 3-D is expressed in 2-D papers, the ground undula-
Scale Map Number
tions can be seen, and these are represented by the contours.
1:1M 53
(x, y, h) of any point in a map can be easily known.
1:250K 53 H
In this lab the main discussion pertains to see some features on 1:50K 53 H/2
the map and how to read them. And the IAC Map Numbering 2.3 Map Numbering Procedure
System is being discussed. The maps are numbered according to IAC map numbering
system and has been discussed above(refer 2.1).When we see
the map of India we can see it is divided into several 4◦ × 4◦
2. THEORY
grids and has been assigned a number.This number lets say 53
is a map available at scale 1:1M.When we further zoom into it,
2.1 Map Numbering System
we can see it is divided into 16 parts labelled from A-P this
We follow the India and Adjacent Countries (IAC) Map num- maps numbered as for eg. 53 B are available at scale of
bering system. According to this system all the landmass other 1:250K.On further zooming we can see it is divided into 16
than water bodies is divided into grids of of size 4o × 4o and cells labelled from 1 to 16 and these maps are available at a
scale 1:1M.These grids are labeled from 1 to 136. scale of 1:50K.These are further divided into 1:25K maps and
These grids are now divided into 16 cells of size 1o ×1o of scale labelled by the direction for example SE or NW.A map of
1:250000.These 1o × 1o maps are labeled from A to P. A map 1:25K scale will generally be numbed as 53 B/6/NE.
of this scale will be numbered something like 39-C. 2.4 Arc Length
Further these 1o × 1o maps are divided into 16 cells of size
150 × 150 of scale approx 1:50000 and is labeled numerically Table 4. Scale-Arc Length Relation
form 1 - 16.A map of this scale will be numbered something Scale Arc Length
like 39-C/7. 1:1M 4◦ × 4◦
These 150 × 150 maps are finally divided into 4 cells of size 1:250K 1◦ × 1◦
7.50 × 7.50 and scale 1:25000 and are labeled by direction either 1:50K 150 × 150
{SE , SW , NE , NW }..A map of this scale will be numbered 1:25K 7.50 × 7.50
something like 39-C/7/SW. 2.5 Plotting Accuracy
This numbering is important so that it is easier to order and find Ploting accuracy can be expressesd as below.
a map of the required region and desired scale.
Plotting accuracy = y × x (1)
2.2 Map numbers for Lucknow, Kanpur and Delhi at all
scales. where, y = Size of the smallest dot in the map
1
x = scale or scale = 1 : x.
Table 1. Lucknow
Scale Map Number
1:1M 63
1:250K 63 B
1:50K 63 B/13
 3. OBSERVATIONS
Studied the given topographical sheets and answering the
following questions given in the problem sheet.
3.1 Coordinate of points
Name Longitude Latitude Height
IIT GATE 80◦ 150 N 26◦ 310 E 125
Rotary near the SAC building 80◦ 140 N 26◦ 300 E 127
GI Lab 80◦ 140 N 26◦ 310 E 125
IIT Kanpur 80◦ 140 26◦ 300 E 126
◦ 0
Delhi Railway Station 77 12 28◦ 390 −
Moti Mahal Palace Longitude Latitude −

3.2 Format of Sheet

3.3 Map Symbols
Name Symbol

Tree: surveyed

Tree: unsurveyed

Contour

Forest Area

River

canal

Railway Line:single

Railway line:Double

Roads :metallic

Roads :kuchha

Telephone line

Electric Line

Urban Areas
3.4 Finding points on map
Name Longitude Latitude
Surveyed Tree 80◦ 120 26◦ 35.50
Triangulated station for height 80◦ 120 26◦ 35.50
Triangulation control point 80◦ 120 26◦ 35.50