SP015 _2021/2022

LABORATORY REPORT WRITING

UNIT FIZIK, KOLEJ MATRIKULASI PAHANG

PHYSICS 1
SP015
LAB 3 : EXPERIMENT 5

Name : NUR AUNI SYAQIRAH BINTI MOHAMAD ADENAN

Matric Number : MS2119126609
Practicum class : 11DSH45
Lecturer’s name : MUHAMMAD ADEEB BIN MUHAMMAD NASIR

Part 1 : Working Procedure

No Items Working Procedures
1 Title of
Experiment SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION (SHM)

2 Objective Determine the acceleration due to gravity g using a simple

pendulum.

Investigate the effect of large amplitude oscillation to the accuracy of

g obtained from the experiment.

3 Related
Physical T2 = 4π2l
Equation g

4 Theoretically
Graph- T2 (s2)
Sketch

l (cm)
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5 Calculation From the gradient of the graph: m = 4π2

g

Therefore: g = 4π2
m

Percentage of difference :

% (Δg/g) = gexperiment – gstandard x100%

gstandard
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Part 2 : Observation
Table of Observation
i. Table 1 : PART 1

Angle = <10° ± 1°
No l Time for 10 oscillations, t (±0.01) s Period
( ± 0.1 ) cm 1 2 3 Average T (s) T2 (s2)
1
40.0 13.80 14.00 14.60 14.13 1.413 1.997
2
50.0 15.70 15.50 15.60 15.60 1.560 2.434
3
60.0 16.90 17.00 16.90 16.93 1.693 2.866
4
70.0 19.00 18.40 18.20 18.53 1.853 3.434
5
80.0 19.60 19.50 19.40 19.53 1.953 3.814
6
90.0 21.00 20.60 20.70 20.77 2.077 4.314

ii. Calculation of centroid point:

x- axis : 40.0 + 50.0 + 60.0 + 70.0 + 80.0 + 90.0

6
= 65.0

y- axis : 1.997 + 2.434 + 2.866 + 3.434 + 3.814 + 4.314

6
= 3.143

⸫ Centroid point : (65.0 , 3.143 )

iii. Table 2 : PART 2

Angle = 70° ± 1°
No L Time for 5 oscillations, t (±0.01) s Period
( ± 0.1 ) cm 1 2 3 Average T (s) T2 (s2)

1 100.0 10.95 10.80 10.84 10.86 2.172 4.718

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Part 3 : Plotting the graph

Plotting Graph

i. Plot a graph of T2 against l

Checklist for the graph

No Your graph should contain : Tick √

1 Title √
2 Label with correct symbol and unit for each axis √
3 Suitable scale for each axis √
4 Size of the graph needs to be at least 60% of the graph √
paper
5 All the points correctly plotted √
6 Centroid point correctly plotted √
7 Best straight line : √
-Balanced point within best fit line
-Pass through centroid and as many points as possible
8 Draw triangle of gradient : √
-Size of triangle ≥half size graph

Part 4 : Calculation

i. Calculate the gradient of the graph, m.

m = y2 – y1
x2 – x1

m = (4.750 – 1.000)
(100-20) x10-2

m = 4.6875 s2 m-1
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ii. Determine the acceleration due to gravity, g.

g = 4π2
m

g = 4π2 _
4.6875

g = 8.42 ms-2

iii. Determine the percentage of difference.

% (Δg/g) = gexperiment – gstandard x100%

gstandard

Percentage of difference = 8.42-9.81 x100%

9.81

Percentage of difference = 14.17%

iv. Calculate the acceleration due to gravity, g using equation 3.1 and the value of l and T from
Table 2.
g = 4π2l
m
g = 4 π2 (100x10-2)
4.718
g = 8.37 ms-2
The value of l is 100 cm or 1.000 m
The value of T 2.172 s and T2 is 4.718 s2
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v. Referring to the value of acceleration due to gravity, g obtained in question iv, determine
the percentage of difference.

Percentage of difference = 9.81-8.37 x100%

9.81

= 14.68%

Part 5 : Discussion

1. State the value of the acceleration due to gravity, g obtained from PART 1 and PART 2.

The value of the acceleration due to gravity, g obtained from part 1 is 8.42 ms-2 and part
2 is 8.37 ms-2.

2. State the value of percentage of difference from PART 1 and PART 2.

The value of percentage of difference from part 1 is 14.17% and part 2 is 14.68%.

3. Referring to the percentage of difference obtained in question 2, give your comment.

The percentage of difference in Part 2 is higher than part 1. The period of a pendulum
does not depend on the mass of the padlock, but only on the length of the string. The
pendulum with the longer string will have the longer period. Therefore it will affect the
percentage of different.
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4.

SOURCE OF ERRORS SUGGESTION TO OVERCOME

• Error while reading protractor • The eye level must be
angle perpendicular to the angular
term protractor.

• Close the fan while performing

• The friction between the string the experiment or doing it in a
and the surrounding air. vacuum chamber.

• error when starting the

• Error when measuring the stopwatch and when stopping
period using a stopwatch. it can be minimized by
repeating the experiment many
times to take the average.

Part 6: Conclusion
Simple harmonic motion is a special type of periodic motion where the restoring force on the
moving object is directly proportional to the magnitude of the object's displacement and acts
towards the object's equilibrium position. The standard acceleration due to gravity sometimes
abbreviated as standard gravity which is the nominal gravitational acceleration of an object in
a vacuum near the surface of the Earth. G for part 1 is 8.42 ms-2 and part 2 is 8.37 ms-2.
Therefore the percentage of difference in part 1 is 14.17% and part 2 is 14.68%. If we use the
large oscillation, the motion is no longer simple harmonic motion because the angular
acceleration is not proportional to the negative of the angular displacement.

***Place the best picture of a completed set up of experiment

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