Topics

Sigmund Freud
Developmental stages
Life and Death Instincts
The libido
Id, Ego & Superego
The child as a father of the
man
Presented by:
Avellana, Gjene Reijh
Balte, Richard
Sigmund Freud (1856 to 1939)
The founding father of psychoanalysis.
Events from our childhood have a great
influence on our adult lives, shaping our
personality.

Example:
Anxiety originating from traumatic
experiences in a person's past is hidden
from consciousness, and may cause
problems during adulthood.

He dedicated his life to deconstructing the

subtle and elaborate camouflage that obscures
the hidden structure and processes of
personality.

His lexicons became embedded in Western

vocabulary
 LIFE INSTINCTS & Death Instincts
(EROS) (THANATOS)
xual instincts

Sexual Instincts Beyond the Pleasure

Principle
Survival, pleasure, and Freud proposed that “the
eate and nurture
reproduction. goal of all life is death.”

Thirst, hunger, and People typically channel

pain avoidance. their death instincts
outwards.

Energy created by the Sometimes these instincts

life instincts is known towards destruction can
as libido. be directed inwards,
however, which can result
in self-harm or suicide.
THE LIBIDO
The sexual appetite or drive
Psychoanalytic theory ; Energy created by the survival and sexual instincts

The Libido and Life Instinct

The energy created by the life instincts is known as libido
It exerts itself through sexual drives, motivating people to create and nurture
new life.

• all psychic energy and not just sexual energy.

• Libido is part of the id and is the driving force of all behavior.

The id controlled by what Freud termed the pleasure principle.

Pleasure principle
the driving force of the id that seeks immediate gratification of all
needs, wants, and urges.
 Id, Ego & Super Ego
Super
ID Ego Ego
pleasure-seeking, "I", works on the the "conscience"
immature, reality principle, and moral judge
impulsive, child- controls the I'd of conduct.
like and cannot and can delay
delay gratification pleasure
Feud proposed that personality development in
childhood takes place during five psychosexual
stages, which are the oral, anal, phallic, latency,
and genital stages. In each stage sexual energy
(libido) is expressed.

Freud's 5 Stages of Psychosexual Development

 Freud's 5 Stages of Psychosexual Development

Libido is centered in a baby's mouth. During the

oral stages, the baby gets much satisfaction from
putting all sorts of things in its mouth to satisfy
the libido, and thus its id demands. Which at this
stage in life are oral, or mouth orientated, such
Oral stage (Birth as sucking, biting, and breastfeeding.
to 1 year)

Freud said oral stimulation could lead to an oral

fixation in later life. We see oral personalities all
around us such as smokers, nail-biters, finger-
chewers, and thumb suckers. Oral personalities
engage in such oral behaviors, particularly when
under stress.
 Freud's 5 Stages of Psychosexual Development

Libido becomes focused on the anus, and the

child derives great pleasure from defecating.
The child is now fully aware that they are a
person in their own right and that their wishes
can bring them into conflict with the demands of
Anal Stage the outside world (i.e., their ego has developed).
(1 to 3 years)
Authority

Early or harsh potty training = hates mess, is

obsessively tidy, punctual and respectful of
authority
Liberal toilet-training regime = messy,
disorganized and rebellious.
 Freud's 5 Stages of Psychosexual Development

Libido (desire) centers upon their genitalia as the

erogenous zone.
Child becomes aware of anatomical sex
differences, which sets in motion the conflict
between erotic attraction, resentment, rivalry,
jealousy and fear
Oedipus Complex the child's desire for sexual
The Phallic involvement with the opposite sex parent,
Stage particularly a boy's erotic attention to his
(3 to 6 years) mother. Females also go through the same phase,
which is called Electra Complex particularly a
girl’s erotic attention to her father.
Identification
-means internally adopting the values,
attitudes, and behaviors of another person
-the child adopting the characteristics of
the same sex parent.
 Freud's 5 Stages of Psychosexual Development

Libido is dormant and no further psychosexual

development takes place (latent means hidden).

Most sexual impulses are repressed.

Latency Stage Sexual energy can be sublimated towards school

(6 years to work, hobbies, and friendships.
puberty)
Energy is channeled into developing new skills
and acquiring new knowledge, and play becomes
largely confined to other children of the same
gender.
 Freud's 5 Stages of Psychosexual Development

Begins in puberty. It is a time of adolescent

sexual experimentation, the successful resolution
of which is settling down in a loving one-to-one
relationship with another person in our 20's.

For Freud, sexual instinct is directed to

heterosexual pleasure, rather than self-pleasure
Genital Stage
like during the phallic stage.
(puberty to
adult)
Fixation
theoretical notion that a portion of the
individual's libido has been permanently
'invested' in a particular stage of his
development.
The personality or characteristics we absorbed as a child lingers with us to
adulthood. The father figure in the statement symbolizes wisdom and knowledge
we gain in childhood. Characteristics we often have originates from the
environment and mimicking the traits of our parents or any other adult figure
during our childhood. Our childhood shapes our principles we carry on to
adulthood.
References:

Prasanna. (2020, June 12). Child is the father of man essay: Essay on child is the
father of man for students and children. A Plus Topper.
https://www.aplustopper.com/child-is-the-father-of-man-
essay/?fbclid=IwAR1V4WOrNhIbfqqVXjsbYNc58vIZg4bWAD0Jw7kccSV-
iTWqYDj6wzbOdgY.

McLeod, S. A. (2019, September 25). Id, ego and superego. Simply Psychology.
https://www.simplypsychology.org/psyche.html

McLeod, S. A. (2019, July 18). Psychosexual stages. Simply Psychology.

https://www.simplypsychology.org/psychosexual.html

Cherry, K. (n.d.). How life and death instincts are opposing urges. Verywell Mind.
https://www.verywellmind.com/life-and-death-instincts-2795847.