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KARYOTYPE:
- A picture of the chromosomes of an individual arranged by ______, and type.
- Karyotypes can be used to determine the gender of an unborn baby and to
determine if there are any chromosomal abnormalities.
ABNORMAL MEIOSIS
Diploid Cell
Meiosis I
Meiosis II
4 gametes (sperm
or egg cells)
Nondisjunction Disorders
- In most cases, the zygote will die because there is either too much or not
enough information in each cell.
- But in some cases the zygote will survive and a person with a nondisjunction
disorder is born.
XYY
- These are males with an extra Y chromosome.
- Individuals are somewhat taller than average and often have below normal
intelligence.
- At one time, it was thought that these men were likely to be criminally
aggressive, but this hypothesis has been disproven over time.
XXX (Trisomy X)
- Females with an extra X chromosome
- Individuals are health and fertile – usually cannot be distinguished from
normal females except by karyotypes.
Abnormal Chromosome Structure
- Sometime errors occur during the crossing over procedure during synapsis in
meiosis I.
- This can result in duplication of information or the loss of information.