ENGLISH PRÉCIS

Correct the following sentences:

(a) It is very wrong to be devoted to lying and cheating.

It is much wrong to devote oneself to lying and cheating.

(b) He told me that he is waiting for me since a long time.

He told me that he had been waiting for me since a long time.

(c) The house stood up in the dull street because of its red colour.

The house stood up in the street looking dull because of its red colour.

(d) He brought the articles to the market which he wanted to sell.

(a) His wisdom consisted of his handling the dangerous situation successfully.

His wisdom consisted of handling the dangerous situation successfully.

(b) Many a girls were appearing in the examination.

Many girls were appearing in the examination.

(c) The vehicles run fastly on the motorway.

The vehicles run fast on the motorway.

(d) Smoking is injurious for health.

Smoking is injurious to health.

(a) He availed of this situation very intelligently.

He availed himself of this situation very intelligently.

(b) The Black vermin is an odious creature.

The Black vermin are odious creature.

(c) What to speak of meat, even vegetables were not available there.

Not to speak of meat, even vegetables were not available there.

(d) No sooner we left our home when it started raining.

No sooner did we leave our home than it started raining

(a) Little money I had I spent on the way.

The little money I had spent on the way.

(b) The criminal was sent at the jail.

The criminal was sent to the jail.

(a) He is one of those who always succeeds.

He is one of those who always succeed.

(b) I congratulate you for your success.

I congratulate you on your success.

Use of idioms in sentence

1. Meaning of the idiom "Mother of all" means: (Extreme example of something)

2. EAT HUMBLE PIE means: (To make offer apology and accept humiliation)

3. Sit on a fence means: (Delay the decision by not making a choice)

4. The phrase 'Cut To The Chase' means: (Ignoring unnecessary stuff, to the point)

1. "To be at loggerheads" : (To be in strong disagreement)

2. If "you have finger in the pie", you are ___ in something: (Involved)

3. A penny for your thoughts: (To ask someone what they are thinking about)

4. Out of the blue: (Something unexpected)

(a) To bring grist to the mill

Meaning: something that is useful to someone for a particular purpose.

Use in sentence: As an actor, all experience is grist to the mill.

(b) Set one’s cap.

Meaning: pursue someone romantically.

Use in sentence: I thought Ayesha had set cap for me, but we were wrong.

(c) To draw the long bow

Meaning: exaggerate.

Use in sentence: Shabbir always draws a long bow

(d) Send a person to Coventry

Meaning: to ostracize, systematically ignore someone

Use in sentence: Due to his improper and ridiculous behavior, we should send Aslam to the Coventry.

1. TO Egg On: (to urge)

2. Mala Fide: (bad intention)

3. “Weal and woe”: (Joys & sorrows )

4. “Rides the high horse”: (Superior)

(a) To push to the walls

Meaning: to place in a desperate or extreme position

Use in sentence: If you push Asad to the wall, he will surely irritate.

(b) To read between the lines

Meaning: find the real message in what you’re reading or hearing

Use in sentence: Reading between the lines, I’d say he is not happy with the situation.

(c) To be at daggers dawn

Meaning: very angry and close to violence

Use in sentence: Usman and Zeeshan are still at daggers dawn over the rent.

(d) To throw down the gauntlet

Meaning: declare or issue a challenge

Use in sentence: The senator threw down the gauntlet on the tax issue.

(c) The teaming meaning

Meaning: some articles that match your query.

Use in sentence: during the lecture, the professor gave the teeming meanings on the topic.

(d) To kick the bucket

Meaning: die

Use in sentence: His father kicked the bucket yesterday.

(a) To be a Greek/ it’s all Greek to me

Meaning: it is beyond my comprehension

Use in sentence: This new computer programme is all Greek to me

(b) To stand on ceremony

Meaning: to behave in a formal or ceremonious manner

Use in sentence: I was quite nervous and couldn’t relax until he told me that it was not necessary to
stand on ceremony.

(c) From the horse’s mouth

Meaning: to hear it directly from the person concerned or responsible

Use in sentence: “I got a tip yesterday, and if it wasn’t straight from the horse’s mouth it was jolly well
the next thing to it.”

(d) Have a (heavy) cross to bear

Meaning: to have a difficult problem that makes you worried or unhappy but that you have to deal with

Use in sentence: We all have crosses to bear.

(c) Take aback:

Meaning: surprise, shock

Use in sentence: He was taken aback by her caustic remark.

(d) Take after:

Meaning: following the example of, resemble in appearance, temperament, or character

Use in sentence: Ahmed took after his uncle and began working as an accountant.

(a) You must remember that you are junior than Hamid.

You must remember that you are junior to Hamid.

(b) Aslam, as well as, his four friends were planning to visit the museum.

Aslam as well as his friends was planning to visit the museum.

(c) Where you went in the vacation?

Where did you go in the vacation?

(d) This is the youngest and most intelligent of my two sons.

This is younger and most intelligent of my two sons.

(b) Aslam, as well as, his four friends were planning to visit the museum.

Aslam as well as his friends was planning to visit the museum.

(c) Where you went in the vacation?

Where did you go in the vacation?

(d) This is the youngest and most intelligent of my two sons.

This is younger and most intelligent of my two sons.

(a) I shall not come here unless you will not call me.

I shall not come here unless you call me.

(b) He does not have some devotion for the project you have given him.

He does not have any devotion to the project you have given him.
(c) I went to either of the four hill stations.

I went to all of the four hill stations.

(d) Who did you meet on your way to school?

Whom did you meet on your way to school?

(a) They ran direct to their college.

They ran directly to their college.

(b) I shall not come here unless you will not call me.

I shall not come here unless you call me.

(c) They have been building a wall since three days.

They have been building a wall for three days.

(d) He does not have some devotion to his studies.

He does not have any devotion to his studies.

(a) He swore from God

He swore to God.

(b) Is your dress different than mine?

Is your dress different than that of mine?

(c) He inquired whether I live in Karachi.

He inquired whether I lived in Karachi.

(d) He spoke these words upon his face.

He spoke these words to his face.

(a) One must boast of his great qualities.

One must boast of one’s great qualities.

(b) It is one of the best speeches that has ever been made in the General Assembly.

Is is one of the best speeches that have ever been made in the General Assembly.

(a) The hostel provides boarding and lodging to students.

A hostel provides boarding and lodging facility to the students.

(b) My cousin brother will come to meet me.

My cousin will come to meet me.

(c) He lives backside of my house.

He lives backside to my house.

(d) You have read it. Isn’t it?

You have read it. Haven’t you?

Use of pair of words in sentences:

(a) Excite

Meaning: to make someone have strong feelings of happiness and enthusiasm

Use in sentence: Nothing about my life excites me at present.

(b) Incite

Meaning: to encourage someone to do or feel something unpleasant or violent

Use in sentence: she was expelled for inciting her classmates to rebel against their teachers.

(c) Voracity

Meaning: Excessive desire to eat

Use in Sentence: On reaching the ship they were offered some bread, which they devoured with a
voracious appetite.

(d) Veracity

Meaning: the quality of being true, honest or accurate

Use in sentence: The veracity of the second claim can be tested against the findings of archaeology.

(a) Mitigate

Meaning: to make something less harmful, unpleasant, or bad

Use in sentence: It is unclear how to mitigate the effects of tourism on the island.

(b) Alleviate:

Meaning: to make something bad such as pain or problems less severe

Use in sentence: The drugs did nothing to alleviate her pain/suffering.

(c) Persecute:

Meaning: To treat someone unfairly or cruelly over a long period of time because of their race, religion
or political beliefs or to annoy someone by refusing to leave them alone.

Use in Sentence: Religious minorities were persecuted and massacred during the ten year regime.

(d) Prosecute:

Meaning: to bring legal action against for redness or punishment of a crime or violation of law
Use in sentence: He was prosecuted for fraud.

(a) Punctual

Meaning: arriving, doing something or happening at the expected, correct time

Use in sentence: He’s fairly punctual.

(b) Punctilious

Meaning: very careful to behave correctly or to give attention to details

Use in sentences: He was always punctilious in his manner.

(c) Judicial

Meaning: involving a court of law

Use in sentence: The defense team will seek a judicial review of the sentence.

(d) Judicious

Meaning: having or showing reason and good judgments review in making decisions

Use in sentence: we should make judicious use of the resources available to us.

(a) Apposite

Meaning: suitable and right for the occasion

Use in sentence: It is, however, apposite to note that this process will continue in the year ahead.

(b) Opposite

Meaning: completely different

Use in sentences: you’d never know they’re sisters – they’re completely opposite to each other in every
way.

(c) Deprecate

Meaning: to not approve of something

Use in sentence: we deprecate this use of company funds for political purposes.

(d) Depreciate

Meaning: to (cause something to) lose value, especially over time.

Use in sentence: If the value of our currency continues to depreciate, it will soon be worthless abroad

(a) Quarts:

Meaning: Quarter of a gallon

Use in sentence: The buffaloes of the Punjab give six quarts of milk daily.
(b) Quartz:

Meaning: Silica in various mineral forms

Use in sentence: Quartz crystals are used to make watches..

(c) Choral:

Meaning: Sung by or together with a choir

Use in sentence: The French choir sang the classical chorals excellently.

(d) Coral:

Meaning: Stone like red or white substance.

Use in sentence: Corals are built on the sea bed by small sea creatures.

(a) Libel:

Meaning: Printed defamation

Use in sentence: Publishers never publishes a libel material against national interests.

(b) Liable:

Meaning: Legally responsible

Use in sentence: The principle warned the students that they would be liable for any damage caused by
them during the strike.

(c) Male:

Meaning: Masculine, opposite to female

Use in sentence: This book is recommended by our male readers.

(d) Mail:

Meaning: Post, the carriage which brings the mail

Use in sentence: The mail train arrives at this station in the evening.

(a) Discrete:

Meaning: Separate

Use in sentence: A mixture is usually composed of discrete parts.

(b) Discreet:

Meaning: Tactful in what one says and does

Use in sentence: Being discreet personality, he soon became a successful businessman.

(c) Epoch:
Meaning: period of history marked by special events

Use in sentence: Creation of Pakistan made a new epoch in the Muslim world.

(d) Epic:

Meaning: Continuous poetic narrative of the deeds of hero

Use in sentence: “The Rape of the Lock” by alexander Pope is a mock epic poem.

(a) Brooch:

Meaning: an ornament

Use in sentence: the brooch looks beautiful in her Sari.

(b) Broach:

Meaning: to open or start

Use in sentence: Who will broach this topic in the annual meeting?

(c) Collusion:

Meaning: a secret understanding for a fraudulent purpose.

Use in sentence: The thieves acted in Collusion with police.

(d) Collision:

Meaning: a violent encounter

Use in sentence: A collision occurred between two railway trains.

(a) Complacent:

Meaning: pleased

Use in sentence: She has a complacent look.

(b) Complaisant:

Meaning: obliging, polite

Use in sentence: Hina’s complaisance is beyond praise.

(c) Corporal:

Meaning: bodily punishment

Use in sentence: Corporal punishment should be discouraged.

(d) Corporeal:

Meaning: material

Use in sentence: Man is a corporeal being but an angle is not

(a) Prescribe:

Meaning: to suggest as a remedy

Use in sentence: Will you please prescribe some medicine for me?

(b) Proscribe:

Meaning: to condemn or ban

Use in sentence: The Government has proscribed all the objectionable books

(c) Respectfully:

Meaning: in a respectful manner

Use in sentence: He behaved respectfully towards his parents.

(d) Respectively:

Meaning: refers to persons or things in the order mentioned

Use in sentence: The names of the boys are, respectively, Afzal, Ali and Ansar.

(a) Fain:

Meaning: Gladly, willing to

Use in sentence: Fain would I climb but I fear to fall.

(b) Feign:

Meaning: to pretend

Use in sentence: She feigned repentance.

(c) Hoard:

Meaning: to store or accumulate

Use in sentence: What is the use of hoarding wealth you cannot use?

(d) Horde:

Meaning: a gang

Use in sentence: The hordes of Tartars swept the plains.

(a) Illusion:

Meaning: seeing of something that is different from reality.

Use in sentence: As we grow older we shed our illusions.

(b) Delusion:

Meaning: a false impression or belief

Use in sentence: He had a delusion that some was pursuing him.

(c) Persecute:

Meaning: to oppress or trouble

Use in sentence: Many Roman Catholics were persecuted by Protestants in Germany.

(d) Prosecute:

Meaning: to bring before a court

Use in sentence: The accused was prosecuted for violating the law.

(a) Obscure

Unclear

(b) Amiable

Affable

(c) Hoodwink

Delude

(d) Guileful

Disingenuous

(e) Obsession

Fixed ideas

(f) Radical

Innate

(g) Presumptive

Timid

(a) Virtuous

Meaning: Having good moral qualities and behavior

Use in sentence: he described them as a virtuous and hardworking people.

(b) Virtual

Meaning: describe something that can be done or seen using a computer and therefore without going
anywhere or talking to anyone.

Use in sentence: In, tests we have found the virtual machine runs at a reasonable speed.

(c) Exceptional
Meaning: Much greater than usual, especially in skill, intelligence, quality, etc

Use in Sentence: The Company has shown exceptional growth over the past two years.

(d) Exceptionable

Meaning: offensive and upsetting

Use in sentence: This action is normally only taken in exceptional circumstances.

(a) Moratorium

Security for debt

(b) Prolific

Fruitful

(c) Bi-Partisan

Representing two parties

(d) Unequivocal

Unmistakable

(e) Covenant

Agreement

(f) Tentative

Provisional

(g) Demographic

Population

(h) Sonar

Apparatus to detect

(a) Effluence

Meaning: a thing that flows out or forth

(a) Neither he nor I are in the wrong.

Neither he nor I am in the wrong.

(b) It is high time they mend this road.

It is high time they mended this road.

(c) I heard him went down the stairs.

I heard him going down the stairs.

(d) Paper is made of wood.

Paper is made from wood.

Use in sentence: Its manifestation in time is not a creation; it is an effluence from the eternal fount of
spirit.

(b) Affluence

Meaning: having a lot of money or owning a lot of things

Use in sentence: when the economy crashed, many people of affluence from the eternal fount of spirit

(c) Wretch

Meaning: a person who experiences something vomiting

Use in sentence: A gentleman said that a week ago he was the wretch in the country, but now saved

(d) Retch

Meaning: to react in a way as if you are vomiting

Use in sentence: The sight of blood makes him retch

(a) To put the lid on/ to keep the lid on

Meaning: to keep something secret to, to keep something under control

Use in sentence: The government is keeping the lid on inflation.

(b) Flavor in the mouth.

Meaning: temporarily popular

Use in sentence: This rap artist is pop music’s current flavor of the month.

(c) Zero Hour

Meaning: the time when something important is to start

Use in sentence: The air force planes waited until zero hour in order to begin their bombing mission.

(d) Gloom and doom.

Meaning: the feeling that a situation is bad and is not likely to improve

Use in sentence: Come on, it’s not all doom and gloom, if we make a real effort, we could still win.

(a) Either of these three umbrellas will suit me.

Any of these three umbrellas will suit me.

(b) Shall you not take my words in this matter?

Should you not have my words in this matter?

(c) This poor man was suffering much for a long time past.

This poor man had been suffering much for a long time past.

(d) If he had not died, he would grow up to be a murderer.

If he had not died, he would have grown up to be a murderer.

Words opposite in meaning:

(a) Twine

Straighten

(b) Frugal

Prodigal

(c) Gawky

Graceful

(d) Capricious

Firm

(e) Congeal

Mollify

Words similar in meaning:

(a) Lacunae

Missing parts

(b) Paroxysms

Sudden outburst

(c) Grotto

Cavern

(d) Fetter

To restrain

(e) Stoicism

Patient endurance

(f) Succulent

Edible

(g) Malediction
Awkwardness

(a) Ingenious

Meaning: very clever and skillful

Use in sentence: She was ingenious at finding ways to work more quickly.

(b) Ingenuous

Meaning: honest, sincere and trusting/ showing innocent or childlike simplicity and candidness

Use in sentence: It has to be said it was rather ingenuous of him to ask a complete stranger to look after
his luggage.

(c) Fain

Meaning: glad: ready

Use in sentence: he is fain to do all things himself

(d) Feign

Meaning: to pretend to feel something, usually an emotion

Use in sentence: you know how everyone feigns surprise when you tell them how old you are.

(a) Moat

Meaning: a long wide hole which is dug all the way around a place such as castle, and usually filled with
water, to make it more difficult to attack

Use in sentence: The palace contains no moat, or armed guards, nor do I detect any, sophisticated
security system.

(b) Mote:

Meaning: something, especially a bit of dust, that is so small it is almost impossible to see

Use in sentence: Dust motes swam alongside the gloomy corridor.

(c) Loath

Meaning: to be unwilling to do something

Use in sentence: I’m loath to spend it all at once.

(d) Loathe

Meaning: to hate someone or something

Use in sentence: from an early age the brothers have loathed each other.

(a) Voracity

Meaning: excessive desire to eat

Use in sentence: Nothing can satiate my greed and voracity

(b) Veracity

Meaning: the quality of being true, honest and accurate

Use in sentence: The veracity of the second claim can be tested against – the findings of archeology.

(c) Persecute

Meaning: to treat someone unfairly or cruelly over a long period of time because of their race, religion,
or political beliefs or to annoy someone by refusing to leave them alone.

Use in sentence: Religious minorities were persecuted and massacred during the thirty-year regime.

(d) Prosecute

Meaning: to officially accuse someone of committing a crime in a court of law, or (of a lawyer) to try to
prove that a person accused of committing a crime is guilty of that crime

Use in sentence: He was prosecuted for fraud.

(a) Give someone the bum’s rush

Meaning: to eject (to be ejected) forcibly

Use in sentence: The photographer was given the bum’s rush by two policeman.

(b) Loom large

Meaning: to be worrying or frightening and seem hard to avoid

Use in sentence: The possibility of civil war loomed large on the horizon.

(c) Besetting sin

Meaning: a fault to which a person or institution si especially prone

Use in sentence: we regret to say that apathy is the besetting sin of our rural population.

(d) To hang fire

Meaning: delay

Use in sentence: The advertising campaign is hanging fire until they decide how much to spend on it.

(a) Twiddle your thumbs

Meaning: to do nothing

Use in sentence: There’s no point in sitting here twiddling your thumbs.

(b) Vamp up

Meaning: repair or improve something

Use in sentence: The production values have been revamped up.

(c) Whittle something away

Meaning: to make something gradually decrease in value or amount

Use in sentence: Inflation has steadily whittled away with savings.

(d) Winkle out

Meaning: to get something out of place or position

Use in sentence: The test run wrinkled out the defects in the engine.

(a) He thinks that his writing is better than his friend.

He thinks that his writing is better than that of his friend.

(b) He is such a man who is liked by everyone.

He is such a man as is liked by everyone.

(c) I sent a verbal message to my friend.

I sent a message to my friend.

(d) He has visited as many historical places as one has or can visit.

He has visited as many historical places as he can visit.

(a) Playing game regularly is better than to read books always.

Playing game regularly is better than reading books always.

(b) A good reader must be hardworking and possess intelligence.

A good reader must be hardworking and intelligent.

(c) I noticed Akbar was carrying a bag in his hand.

I noticed Akbar, carrying a bag in his hand.

(d) Having entered his house, the door was shut at once.

When he entered his house, the door was shut at once.

(a) The lake freezed rapidly.

The lake froze rapidly.

(b) The firm was unwilling to forego its usual commission.

The firm was disinclined to forego its usual commission.

(c) We watched the lambs gamble on the green.

We watched the lambs gambol on the green.

(a) He belonged to the gild of carpenters.

He belonged to the guild of carpenters.

(b) He had not ought not have spoken.

He ought not to have spoken.

(c) Is this his half-brother?

Is he his step-brother?

(a) Call it a night.

Meaning: to go to bed to sleep

Use in sentence: We left the party and I wanted to call it a night, but Waseem invited people back for
coffee.

(b) The tip of the iceberg.

Meaning: only a small part of a much larger problem

Use in sentence: This is just the tip of iceberg, with many missing but not reported.

(c) Below par/ under par.

Meaning: average or normal amount, degree, health or condition

Use in sentence: I am feeling below par today, but I am sure I will recover by tomorrow.

(d) From pillar to post.

Meaning: to and fro

Use in sentence: The youth needs somewhere to go because at the moment they moved from pillar to
post.

Words opposite in meaning:

(a) Captious:

Tolerant

(b) Penchant

Dislike

(c) Putative

Unremarkable

(d) Facsimile

Mutation
(e) Larceny

Indemnification

Words similar in meaning:

(a) Finicky:

Fussy

(b) Samizdat

Underground press

(c) Veld

Southern African grassland

(d) Cajun

French-Canadian descendant

(e) Loggia

Gallery

(a) Salutary

Meaning: producing good benefits

Use in sentence: The vitamins have had a salutary influence on Junaid by giving him more energy.

(b) Salubrious

Meaning: describes a place that is pleasant, clean and healthy to live in

Use in sentences: He doesn’t live in a very salubrious part of town.

(c) Canvas

Meaning: a piece of cloth used by artists for painting on, usually with oil paints or the painting itself

Use in sentence: He spotted the canvas and smiled, shaking his head in disbelief.

(d) Canvass

Meaning: To try to get political support or votes, especially by visiting all the houses in an area

Use in sentence: the younger activists were exited to canvass door-to-door for Bilawal..

Use of idioms in sentences:

(a) The tip of the iceberg

Meaning: Only a small part of a much larger problem

Use in sentence: This is just the tip of iceberg, with many missing but not reported.

(b) Below par/ under par

Meaning: average or normal amount, degree, health or condition.

Use in sentence: I am feeling below par today, but I am sure I will recover by tomorrow.

(c) From pillar to post:

Meaning: to and fro

Use in sentence: The youth needs somewhere to go because at the moment they moved from pillar to
post.

(d) Hang up on:

Meaning: to end a telephone call

Use in sentence: Do not hang up on me – we must talk

(a) Blow one’s top

Meaning: Lose one’s temper

Use in sentence: if she calls about this one more time, I am going to blow my top

(b) A cock and bull story.

Meaning: an unbelievable tale that is intended to deceive; a tall tale

Use in sentence: Jack told us some cock and bull story about getting lost

(c) Find one’s feet:

Meaning: to grow in confidence in a new situation as one gains experience

Use in sentence: if you ask for help when you need it, you will soon find your feet.

(d) Call it a night:

Meaning: to go to bed to sleep

Use in sentence: we left the party and I wanted to call it a night, but Waseem invited people back for
coffee.

(a) Take over:

Meaning: assume control, management, or possession of.

Use in sentence: The pilot told his co-pilot to take over the controls.

(b) Take to:

Meaning: to go away to a place, especially to escape from danger

Use in sentence: The rebels took to the hills.

(c) Take to task:

Meaning: to criticize

Use in sentence: The teacher took Zahid to task for turning in such a sloppy report.

(d) Take to one’s heels:

Meaning: run away

Use in sentence: When the burglar alarm went off, they took to their heels.

(a) Swan song

Meaning: final achievement or public appearance

Use in Sentence: Blind girl sings her “swan song”, and at the end of her performance she is killed.

(b) Cheek by jowl

Meaning: very close together

Use in sentence: Business and residential buildings have been developed cheek by jowl in this city.

(c) In a nutshell

Meaning: concisely, in a few words

Use in sentence: Here’s our proposal – in a nutshell, we want to sell the business to you.

(d) Give me five

Meaning: to hit the inside of someone’s hand with your hand as a greeting or to celebrate a victory

Use in sentence: “Come on Zahid! Give me five!” shouted Asad, raising his hand.

(a) Put your foot down

Meaning: Make a firm stand

Use in Sentence: you have to put your foot down with employees who are not working well

(b) Worth your salt

Meaning: deserving respect

Use in sentence: he is not worth his salt.

(c) Down to Drain

Meaning: being lost or wasted; disappearing

Use in sentence: Buying new furniture is just pouring money down to drain.

(d) Be all ears

Meaning: acutely attentive

Use in sentence: Tell your story – we are all ears.

(a) Kick the bucket

Meaning: to die

Use in Sentence: Shahid’s mother kicked the bucket last Friday.

(b) Bolt from the blue

Meaning: unexpectedly and suddenly

Use in sentence: “Arrestment, sudden really as a bolt out of the blue, has hit strange victims”.

(a) Keep one’s nose to the grindstone.

Meaning: to work hard for a long period of time without stopping

Use in sentence: We expect Rashid to get good grades again, since he really keeps his nose to the
grindstone

(b) Knock someone for a loop/ throw someone for a loop

Meaning: To sock or surprise someone

Use in sentences: The news of his death knocked me for a loop.

Being fired without any warning threw me for a loop.

(c) Letter Perfect

Meaning: correct in all detail

Use in sentence: His story was letter perfect.

(d) Off the wall

Meaning: Unusual and amusing

Use in sentence: This book is strange. It’s really off the wall.

Correct the following sentences:

(a) Please tell me where is your brother?

Please tell me where your brother is.

(b) Sajjad as well as Saleem were late.

Sajjad as well as Saleem was late.

(c) He is the most cleverest boy in the class.

He is the cleverest boy in the class.

(d) I have met him last month.

I met him last month.

(a) What does a patient tell a doctor it is confidential?

What does a patient tell a doctor is confidential?

(b) It is a fact that I almost drowned makes me very careful about water safety whenever I go
swimming.

The fact that I almost drowned makes me very careful about water safety, whenever, I go swimming.

(c) Did they not consider this as quite convincing?

Did they not consider this as quite convincing?

(d) St. Peter’s at Rome is the largest of all other churches.

St. Peter’s at Rome is the largest of all Churches.

(a) The amount they received in wages is greater than twenty years ago.

The amount they received in wages is greater than that of twenty years ago.

(b) They succeeded without hardly making any effort.

They succeeded hardly making any effort.

(c) Whatever have you done!

What have you done?

(d) The officers were given places according to their respective ranks.

The officers were given places according to their ranks.

Word opposite in meaning:

(b) DELETERIOUS:

Vital

(c) VALEDICTORY:

Parting

(d) SEDENTARY:

Active

(e) TURBID:

Clear

(f) PHLEGMATIC:
Active

Pair of Words:

(a) Simulation:

Meaning: imitation, replication

Use in sentence: The politician gave the simulation of the general concern towards the needy ones.

(b) Dissimulation:

Meaning: an act of hiding the real feelings or intentions with a pretension

Use in sentence: He was capable of great dissimulation and hypocrisy.

(c) Venal:

Meaning: Corruptible, money grubbing, likely to accept bribes

Use in sentence: They are accused of being involved in venal practice.

(d) Venial:

Meaning: not very serious and therefore able to be forgotten

Use in sentence: They judged dismissed the venial crimes and focused on the theft of the animals.

(a) Invade:

Meaning: to enter a country, town, etc. using military force in order to take control of it

Use in sentence: The rioters invaded the government buildings.

(b) Attack:

Meaning: try to hurt or defeat using force

Use in sentence: A woman was attacked and robbed by a group of neighbor.

(c) Trifling:

Meaning: unimportant, petty

Use in sentence: I got the trifling details of the incident from by neighbor.

(d) Trivial:

Meaning: not important or serious

Use in sentence: I know it seems trivial but I am very much worried about the disappearance of my
luggage.

Words similar in meaning:

(a) ANATHEMA:
Curse

(b) TORPOR:

Criterion

(c) TOUCHSTONE:

Lethargy

(d) SEQUESTER:

Isolate

Idioms in sentences:

(a) Beer and skittles

Meaning: all fun and pleasure.

Use in sentence: Life isn’t all beer and skittles.

(b) Acid test.

Meaning: a decisive or critical test, as of worth or quality

Use in sentence: They play passed the critic’s acid test.

(c) Skeleton in the cupboard

Meaning: an embarrassing fact that someone wishes to keep secret

Use in sentence: “There must be a skeleton somewhere in that family’s cupboard”.

(d) To a mare’s nest

Meaning: very complicated situation

Use in sentence: This area of the law is a veritable mare’s nest.

Pair of Words:

(a) Auger:

Meaning: tool with a screw point for boring in wood

Use in sentence: He made many holes in the board with an auger.

(b) Augur.

Meaning: Portend, serve as an omen

Use in sentence: Conflicts among the various groups do not augur well for the future of the peace talks.

(c) Fain.

Meaning: willingly or happily

Use in sentence: I would fain forget what I had done.

(d) Feign

Meaning: to pretend that you have a particular feeling or that you are ill, tired etc.

Use in sentence: You know how everyone feigns surprise when you tell them how old you are.

(a) Emigrate:

Meaning: to leave one’s country

Use in sentence: Ahmed emigrated to the USA.

(b) Immigrate:

Meaning: to settle in another country

Use in sentence: Her family permanently immigrated to the USA.

(c) Envy:

Meaning: to wish for something that someone else has

Use in sentence: She was looking with envy at her friend’s new dress.

(d) Jealousy:

Meaning: something that you want to be or long for your own

Use in sentence: I felt sick with jealousy.

He brought the articles to the market that he wanted to sell.

Opposite words/ Antonyms:

Antonyms Definition / Meaning

ODIUM : INFATUATION Odium means Hate, and Infatuation means Love (Both are antonym)

FEEBLE : STRONG Feeble means weak. Feeble and Strong are antonym

GENIAL : UNFRIENDLY Genial means Friendly

INCHOATE : MATURE Inchoate means Beginner, and Mature means Experienced

SPURIOUS : AUTHENTIC Spurious means Fake

Word Antonym Meaning

Prolix Pithy Prolix means wordy, and pithy means “to the point”

Enmity Friendship Enmity means “being an enemy”

Foment Quash Foment means “to incite”, and Quash means “to suppress”.
Abet Hinder Abet means “to assist”, and Hinder means “to deter”.

Friend Foe Foe means enemy.

Diffident Confident Diffident means shyness

Enervate Energize Enervate means “to weaken”

Euphony Cacophony Euphony means pleasant sound, and Cacophony means noise

1. Antonym of “Foe” is: (Friend)

2. Antonym of pardon is: (Punish)

3. Antonym of “Apposite” is: (Inappropriate)

4. Antonym of “Expand” is: (Condense)

(a) DESICCATE.

Saturate

(b) APOTHEOSIS.

Demotion from glory

(c) SPUNK.

Timidity

(d) CAVIL.

Flatter

(e) RAUCOUS.

Mellifluous

Synonyms: Definition / Meaning

RATIOCINATE : THINK Ratiocinate means Think (Relation between them is “synonyms”

DISAVOW : DENY Disavow means Deny

ENIGMA : MYSTERY Enigma means Mystery

HAPLESS : UNLUCKY Hapless means Unlucky

1. Synonym of ARROGANT is: (Conceited)

2. Synonym of ALERT is: (Watchful)

3. Synonym of EMBEZZLE is: (Misappropriate)

4. Synonym of BRIEF is: (Short)

Word Synonym Meaning

Entice Attract Entice means “Attract”.

Abrogate Revoke Cancel, abolish

Occlude obstruct block, close

Asperity Rudeness Rough behaviour

(a) ARCHIPLAGO

Cluster of islands

(b) PIAZZA

Public square

(c) BAKLAVA

Dessert

(d) IONIC

Greek architecture

1. While UK has earned record revenue this year, ____ well behind in exports: (it still lags)

2. Anna and Tania went shopping, but ____ couldn’t find anything ____ liked: (they, they)

3. Nuclear energy is ____ dangerous to be used widely: (too)

4. If I have money, I ____ it tomorrow: (will purchase)

1. Cannon had ____ unique qualities ___ it was used widely in ancient times: (such, that)

2. She succeeded by ____ hard: (working)

3. Katherine made her children ____ chores on Sunday: (do some)

4. I enjoy ____ tennis: (playing)

1. I was amazed ____ his misbehavior. (at)

2. He is responsible ___the president for his decisions. (to)

3. Aqsa is travelling ____ the school. (towards)

4. He is getting out ____ the car. (of)

1. secretly listening to a conversation is called ____? (Eavesdrop)

2. A person who talks in his/her sleep is known as _____? (Somniloquist)

3. The practice of taking someone else’s work or ideas and passing them off as one’s own is known
as ____? (Plagiarism)
4. One who travels from place to place ? (Itinerant)

1. I saw a woman walking (along) the road: (Preposition)

2. Still waters run (deep): (Adverb)

3. She (as well as) her sister is engaged: (Conjunction)

4. This golden ring is too (costly) to purchase: (Adjective)

1. I cannot concentrate, here is too much ____: (distraction)

2. It is expected that the assembly will ___ these treaties: (ratify)

3. Oil is mostly ___ by trucks in England: (transport)

4. Bus ___ are going to increase. So, commuters are worried: (fares)

Word Antonym Meaning

Prolix Pithy Prolix means wordy, and pithy means “to the point”

Enmity Friendship Enmity means “being an enemy”

Foment Quash Foment means “to incite”, and Quash means “to suppress”.

Abet Hinder Abet means “to assist”, and Hinder means “to deter”.

2. We did not have ____ questions for the lecturer: (any)

3. Octopuses have not only large brains ____ also a well-developed nervous system: (but)

4. The manager ____ everyone go home an hour early on Friday afternoon: (let)an

During the later years of the American Revolution, the Articles of Confederation government was
formed. This government (1) suffered severely from a lack of power. Each state distrusted (2) the others
and gave little authority to the central or federal government. The Articles of Confederation (3)
produced a government which could not raise money (4) from taxes, prevent Indian raids, or force the
British out (5) of the United States.

Word meaning

Fragile easily broken

Frugal economic or one who spends with care

Usury high interest rate

Parsimony extremely unwilling to spend money. Syn: mean

1. ◆ beseech

to ask someone in an anxious way, to beg for something

2. ◆ virtuoso
highly skilled

3. ◆ vulnerable

weak and easily hurt physically or emotionally

4. ◆ implore

to ask someone in an anxious way, to beg for something.

Syn: beseech

Active Passive

1. They greet me cheerfully every morning. (I am greeted cheerfully by them every morning)

2. Who is creating this mess? ( By whom is this mess being created? )

3. I remember my sister taking me to the museum. (I remember being taken to the museum by my
sister)

4. Are they playing match against them? (Is a match being played against our team by them? )

RELATED PAIR OF WORDS

1. METAPHOR : SYMBOL: (Analogy : Comparison)

2. VERVE : ENTHUSIASM: (Devotion : Reverence)

3. PROFESSOR : ERUDITE: (Inventor : Imaginative)

4. SOUND : CACOPHONY: (Smell : Stench)

LIQUID: HYDRAULICS:: (motion: dynamics)

CIRCUITOUS : ROUTER :: (devious : argument)

HOPE : ASPIRES :: (fib: lie)

CORPOREAL: SPIRITUAL :: (moron: savant)

SYMPHONY: COMPOSER :: (Fresco: painter)

GRAIN: SALT :: (chip: glass)

DIVA: OPERA :: (thespian: play)

PAIN: SEDATIVE :: (grief: consolation)

Choose the appropriate word for:

"One who is not sure about God's existence": (Agnostic)

"A critical judge for any art and craft": (Connoisseur)

"Obloquy": (Opprobrium)

Insouciance: (Nonchalance)

1. Which of the following spelling is correct: (Aggrandize)

2. Honesty is the best policy'. The Abstract Noun here would be: (Honesty)

3. He is the boy of obedience'. Obedience in this sentence is __ noun: (Abstract)

4. JIT was formed to investigate the crime. The JIT here is _ noun: (Collective)