26/8/21: https://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=Al-30Z-aH8M&list=PL006C004839E8F1C1
The constant fur thud underneath your feet, the constrained speed, and the anotme monotory
of going nowhere fast. It feels like hours are have gone by, but it’s only been eleven minutes.
And you wonder: Why am I torturing myself? This thing has got to be considered a cool
cruel and unusual health punishment. Actually, that’s exactly what it is, or was What? You
see, in the 1800s, treadmills were created to punish English prisoners. At that the time, the
English prison system was abusely abysmally bad. Exacustion Execution and deportation
were often the punishments of choice. And those who were locked away faced hours of
solitude in feel-feself filthy cells. So social movements led by relation religious groups:
Fourlendapice philanthropies and celebrities like Charlies Dicken sort sought to change these
diet dire conditions and help peform reform the prisoners. When their movement succeeded
in Thai entire prisons were rematal remodeled and new forms cebry of rehabilitation has
rebetition such as the treadmill was were introduced. Use Here’s how the original version
invented in 1818 by English engineer Selen Hubert, worked. Prisoners stepped down on 24
spokes of a large paddle mill wheel. As the wheel turned, the prisioners was forced to keep
stepping up or risk falling off, similar to mordern stepper machines. Meanwhile, the rotation
nit years pop made gears pump out water, crushed grain, or power mills, which is where the
name treadmill originated. These devices were seen as a fantastic way weeping of whipping
prisoners in the into shape. And that added benefit of powering mills, helped to rebuild a
redictional British economy, desinated decimated by the poling on the wall Napoleon Wars.
It was a win for all concerned, except the prisoners. It’s estimated that, on average, prisoners
spent 6 or so hours a day on treadmills, the equivalent of climbing to 5000 to 14000 feet.
14000 feet is refered roughly Mount Everest’s half way point. Imagine doing that 5 days a
week, with mill foot little food, keep it the Cubbit’s idea quickly spread across the British
Empire and America. Within a decade of the its creation, over 50 English prisons boasted a
treadmill and America a similar amount. Unsuprisingly, the exertion come by combined with
new treation poor nutrition, so saw many prisoners suffered breakdowns and intril injuries.
Not that prison guards seemed to care. In 1824, New York prison court guard, James Hardy,
credited the advice device with teenagers is more image taming his more boisterous inmates.
Writing that, the Monotonous steadiness, and not its severity, constitute its terror. Aqua a
quote many still agreed with. And treadmills lasted in England until late 19th century, when
they were bent banned as exceptionally for being excessively cruel under the Prison Act of
1898. But of course, the torture of vise device returned with a vension vengeance, this time
targeting the unexpecting complex unsuspecting public. In 1911, a treadmill pad patent was
registered in the US. And by 1952, the fore runner for today’s modern treadmill has been
created. When the jogging creates craze hit the US in the 1970s, the treadmill was crossed
thrust back into the wide life limelight as an easy and convenient way to improve aerobic
fitness and lose unwanted pounds, which to be fair, it is pretty good at doing. And the
machine has maintain its popularity sense since. So the next time you volunteer to
voluntairily subject yourself to what was want once a cruel and unusual punishment, just be
glad you can control when you’re half hop off.
27/8/21-28/8/21: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JFhmRfBhIHQ
Hi this is Kate from MinuteEarth. My temperature is just under 37 degrees Celcius, 98.6 for
you Frarenheit-ers, nor often normal for all human. But here is something weird about our
temperature. The highest study body temp we know someone’ll survived isn’t that far about
above normal, but the lowest is more than twice as far in the other direction. Why can we get
so much colder than we can hot before our body consent quiz calls it quits. It turns out that
we’re already playing with fire as far as what happening inside our bodies. Protein we realize
rely on from to perform critical to biological work better with their toxy when they’re toasty,
because heat blusen loosen up their quire coiled structure, making them flexible enough to
interact with other marcules molecules. Plus, one more warmer temps boost their our
immune system, making it tough for gears germs to get in hole gain a foothold. But there is a
limit for to how hard hot any give molecule in our body can get before it breaks. Over 40
degrees or so, certain proteins get solid so loose that they start to unquil uncoil completely.
Not only can they no longer do their critical jobs, unquile uncoiled proteins start tangling up
and tie clunk with in tight clumps, which can gum up themselves cells. This tangling is quite
seen what you’re seeing when you fry an egg, over although the egg’s hotty hardy proteins
can totally wave tolerate way more heat than the delicate proteins in ourselves our cells.
Other think things start breaking at about above 40 degrees too. Membering membranes
made a of fatty molecules start to liquify and chenosh channels in and between ourselves’
melt function our cells malfunction. So, stufilish stuff leaks where it isn’t suppose to. By the
time our body reaches about 47 degrees, enough critical components come have broken
down that we are toast. Yet, because of the benefits of warmth, the human body, like the
bodies of lots of other warm-blooded creators critters, hit a vole to break has evolved to
operate pretty close to the this breaking point with only a little licoroom wiggle room for
these occasional fever or overjudsion overexertion. There’s way more waweroom wiggle
room in the other direction. If As molecules get colder, they become less protein prone to
interacting, with which slows chemical reactions down. Your body can’t metabolize food as
redaly readily. Alectical electrical activity in your brain decreases, and less blood gets
pumped to through your body. This slowdown isn’t inherently does deadly, it can actually be
helpful. Because the slower reactions happen, the less energy and oxygen organs require.
That’s why we chill organs before transplanting them. And, into high-femila and induce
hypothermia in people with brain entries injuries. And it’s who parts of how bears and other
animals survive huge when the hype wintertime drops and in their body temperature. But
there is a limit to how slow and therefore how low you can go. Even cold slowed-down
organs require some blood flow to supply like life-sustaining resources, and take away life-
threatening toxic toxins. Without that, we die. But as long as the temperature of a person, or
a snoozing bear, stays just high enough to keep our organs working, we can generally reverse
the problems caused by cold. Just warm up again. Slowly, and things will go more or less
back to normal.