The Voyage of the Beagle is the title most

commonly given to the book written by

Charles Darwin and published in 1839 as
his Journal and Remarks, bringing him
considerable fame and respect. This was
the third volume of The Narrative of the
Voyages of H.M. Ships Adventure and
Beagle, the other volumes of which were
written or edited by the commanders of
the ships. Journal and Remarks covers
Darwin's part in the second survey
expedition of the ship HMS Beagle. Due to
the popularity of Darwin's account, the
publisher reissued it later in 1839 as
Darwin's Journal of Researches, and the
revised second edition published in 1845
used this title. A republication of the book
in 1905 introduced the title The Voyage of
the "Beagle", by which it is now best
known.[2]
On the Origin of Species, published
on 24 November 1859, is a work of
scientific literature by Charles Darwin
that is considered to be the
foundation of evolutionary biology.
Darwin's book introduced the
scientific theory that populations
evolve over the course of generations
through a process of natural
selection.
HOW CAN DARWIN'S EVOLUTIONA
THEORY INFLUENCE THE FOLLOWIN
FIELDS (ECONOMY, AGRICULTURE,
POLITICAL SCIENCE, RELIGION) IN
MODERN TIMES
RELIGION

•THE WORKS OF CHARLES DARWIN HAS IMPLICATIONS FAR BEYOND SCIENCE. HIS REVOLUTIONAR
INSIGHTS HAVE CHANGED THE WAY WE THINKABOUT SOCIETY, ETHICS, AND RELIGION.

•• THE THEORY OF EVOLUTION SEEMED TO GO AGAINST RELIGIOUS TEACHINGS THAT GOD

MADE THE EARTH AND CREATED ALL LIVING THINGS, AS THEY KNEW THEM. CHRISTIANS
BELIEVED THAT GOD HAS CREATED HUMANS 'IN HIS OWN IMAGE', THAT HUMANS WERE
SUPERIOR TO ALL OTHER CREATURES AND HAD A SOUL THAT IS IMMORTAL.

• ALTHOUGH SOME RELIGIOUS COMMUNITIES REJECTED DARWIN'S THEORY AS INHERENTLY

ATHEISTIC, MANY RELIGIOUS TRADITIONS HAVE EMBRACED IT AND HAVE EXPLORED THE WAYS
DARWIN HAS HAD A POSITIVE IMPACT ON RELIGIOUS THINKING. THEOLOGIAN WOLFHART
PANNENBERG, FOR EXAMPLE, WRITES: "THE THEORY OF EVOLUTION HAS GIVEN THEOLOGY AN
OPPORTUNITY TO SEE GOD'S ONGOING ACTIVITY NOT MERELY IN THE PRESERVATION OF A
FIXED ORDER BUT IN THE CONSTANT BRINGING FORTH OF THINGS THAT ARE NEW." THAT IS TO
SAY, EVOLUTION CAN HELP RELIGIOUS PEOPLE AFFIRM THAT GOD'S CREATIVE WORK IS A
MATTER OF CONTINUING ENGAGEMENT OVER TIME. AS A RESULT, IT IS POSSIBLE TO
ACKNOWLEDGE THE OPENNES AND FLEXIBILITY OF DEBINE CREATIVE ACTIVITY.
POLITICAL SCIENCE

THE PRINCIPAL ACHIEVEMENT OF DARWIN'S ACCOUNT OF

EVOLUTION IS THAT IT DISPENSES WITH THE IDEA OF PURPOSE OR
DESIGN. EVOLUTION IS A DIRECTIONLESS PROCESS, PRODUCING
HIGHLY COMPLEX FORMS OF LIFE ONLY TO WIPE THEM OUT. THERE
IS NO PROGRESS IN NATURE, BUT IN ETHICS AND POLITICS THE IDEA
OF EVOLUTION IS INVARIABLY JOINED WITH THE HOPE OF
IMPROVEMENT, GENERATIONS OF PROGRESSIVE THINKERS HAVE
INVOKED DARWINISM TO PROP UP THEIR VISIONS OF A MORE
ADVANCED SOCIETY. BUT THE CONTENT OF THESE VISIONS HAS
SHIFTED OVER TIME, AND ONE OF THE VIRTUES OF THE POLITICAL
GENE IS TO SHOW HOW OFTEN DARWINISM HAS BEEN USED TO
PROMOTE IDEALS OF HUMAN PROGRESS THAT ARE ILLIBERAL,
AUTHORITARIAN OR RACIST.
ECONOMICS
EVOLUTIONARY ECONOMICS, FIELD OF ECONOMICS THAT FOCUS ON CHANGES OVER TIME IN
THE PROCESSES OF MATERIAL PROVISIONING (PRODUCTION,DISTRIBUTION, AND
CONSUMPTION) AND IN THE SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS THAT SORROUND THOSE PROCESSES. IT IS
CLOSELY RELATED TO, AND OFTEN DRAWS UPON RESEARCH IN, OTHER SOCIAL SCIENCES, SUCH
AS ECONOMIC SOCIOLOGY, ECONOMIC ANTHROPOLOGY, AND INTERNATIONALPOLITICAL
ECONOMY. IT ALSO HAS IMPORTANT IMPLICATIONS FOR MANY OTHER AREAS OF ECONOMICS,
INCLUDING GROWTH THEORY, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, ECONOMIC HISTORY, GENDER
ECONOMICS, INDUSTRIAL ORGANIZATION, AND THE STUDY OF BUSSINESS CYCLES AND
FINANCIAL CRISES.

IN ADDITION, MANY EVOLUTIONARY ECONOMISTS ALSO AGREE THAT AT LEAST SOME

HUMAN COGNITIVE AND SOCIAL PREDISPOSITIONS ARE THE RESULT OF GENETIC
EVOLUTION. EXAMPLES OF SUCH PREDISPOSITIONS INCLUDE THE ABILITIES TO LEARN A
LANGUAGE, TO LEARN SOCIAL NORMS, TO COOPERATE IN GROUPS, AND TO DEVELOP A
COMPLEX TOOLS WITH WHICH TO TRANSFORM NATURE INTO USABLE GOODS AND
SERVICES.
AGRICULTURE
● Darwin's best argument for the power of natural selection was
borrowed from agriculture, specifically the success of plant animal
breeder in improving crops and livestock simply by selecting which
plants and animals get to reproduce.

● A lot in agriculture has been touched by evolution, and since

ancient times. The reason that we have wheat and not grass, or
why the dessert banana you eat is not green, small, bitter and full of
seeds, or why you have broccoli and cauliflower instead of wild
mustard, is due to selection. With the understanding of the
mechanisms involved in evolution, mapping of genes and gene
editing, agricultural scientists can now create entirely new crops,
like golden rice (rice plus a gene for beta carotene) or wheat crops
that can survive saltier soil.