Multi-line 2

4189340223C
DEIF A/S

Application notes

DEIF A/S • Frisenborgvej 33 •DK-7800 Skive • Denmark

Tel: +45 9614 9614 • Fax: +45 9614 9615 • E-mail: deif@deif.com
 APPLICATION NOTES
Multi-line 2 4189340223C

CONTENTS

1 Warnings and legal information .................................................................................................... 3

2 General description ....................................................................................................................... 3
2.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 3
3 Protection of generators................................................................................................................ 5
4 Speed governor and (optional) AVR control ................................................................................ 5
4.1 General information ......................................................................................................................... 5
4.2 Mechanical speed governor with pilot motor .................................................................................... 6
4.3 AVR with binary inputs..................................................................................................................... 6
4.4 Analogue output for electronic speed governor ............................................................................... 7
4.5 Analogue output for AVR ................................................................................................................. 7
5 Running mode selections and set points ..................................................................................... 8
5.1 General information ......................................................................................................................... 8
5.2 Standard frequency and power mode selections............................................................................. 8
5.3 Optional voltage / var and power factor mode selections ................................................................ 9
5.4 Analogue input setpoint scales ........................................................................................................ 9
6 Applications for island operation ................................................................................................ 10
6.1 General information ....................................................................................................................... 10
6.2 Normal load sharing....................................................................................................................... 10
6.3 Load sharing with tie breaker bus bar separation and synchronisation. ........................................ 11
7 Shaft generator ............................................................................................................................ 13
7.1 General information. ...................................................................................................................... 13
7.2 Shaft generator synchronisation. ................................................................................................... 13
7.3 Load transfer from shaft generator to diesel generator(s). ............................................................ 13
7.4 Load transfer from diesel generator(s) to shaft generator. ............................................................ 14
8 Application for generators running parallel with a mains network........................................... 16
8.1 General information ....................................................................................................................... 16
8.2 Mains breaker synchronisation and subsequent mains peak lopping ............................................ 16
8.3 Transferring load from mains to diesel generators......................................................................... 17
8.4 Transferring load from diesel generators to mains......................................................................... 17

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Multi-line 2 4189340223C

1 Warnings and legal information

This paper gives guidelines to installation of the DEIF Multi-line 2 generator control and protection
units. It is, however, not a complete installation instruction. Therefore, even if terminal numbers are
shown in the drawings, the drawings are to be used as guidance only.

Installing and operating the Multi-line 2 products implies work with dangerous currents and voltages,
and therefore it should be done by qualified personal only.

DEIF takes no responsibility for operation or installation of the generator set. If there is any doubt
about how to install or operate the system on which the Multi-line 2 products are measuring, the
company responsible for installation or operation must be contacted.

2 General description

2.1 Introduction

The DEIF Multi-line 2 units for protection and control of diesel generators and turbine generators,
can be combined to achieve systems with highly different characteristics.

In the following, a number of applications using the DEIF Multi-line 2 products is shown. The reader
should notice that application is a dynamic piece of work, therefore in the future this handbook will
be upgraded from time to time with new applications. Also note that AC connections are not shown,
in order to make the diagrams easier to understand. For AC connections please refer to the manual
for the Multi-line 2 unit in question.

The Multi-line 2 series comprises the following units:

Generator Protection Unit (GPU):

- Measuring and displaying of all 3-phase AC values

- Standard generator protection functions:
o Reverse power
o Over current (2 level)
o Over voltage (2 level)
o Under voltage (2 level)
o Over frequency (2 level)
o Under frequency (2 level)
o Over load (2 level)
o Current unbalance
o Voltage unbalance
- Optional functions:
o Mains protection (vector shift and df/dt (ROCOF))
o 2 x analogue transducer output, representing chosen values
o Remote display
o Serial communication

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Multi-line 2 4189340223C

Generator Paralleling Controller (GPC):

- Measuring and displaying of all 3-phase AC values

- Standard generator control functions:
o Synchronising
o Power load sharing
o Relay outputs for speed governor and (optional) AVR
- Standard generator protection functions:
o Reverse power
o Over current (2 level)
o Over load (2 level)
- Optional control functions:
o Voltage control with var load sharing and power factor control
o Start/stop relay outputs for load dependent start / stop of generators
o Analogue outputs for speed governor and (optional) AVR
- Optional protection functions:
o Mains protection (over- and under voltage, over- and under frequency, vector shift
and df/dt (ROCOF))
- Optional additional functions:
o 2 x analogue transducer output, representing chosen values
o Remote display
o Serial communication

Paralleling and Protection Unit (PPU):

- Measuring and displaying of all 3-phase AC values

- Standard generator control functions:
o Synchronising
o Power load sharing
o Relay outputs for speed governor and (optional) AVR
- Standard generator protection functions:
o Reverse power
o Over current (2 level)
o Over load (2 level)
- Optional control functions:
o Voltage control with var load sharing and power factor control
o Analogue outputs for speed governor and (optional) AVR
o Start/stop relay outputs for load dependent start / stop of generators
- Optional protection functions:
o Over- and under voltage, over- and under frequency (all in 2 levels)
o Overload, current unbalance, voltage unbalance and excitation failure
o Mains protection (vector shift and df/dt (ROCOF))
- Optional additional functions:
o 2 x analogue transducer output, representing chosen values
o Remote display
o Serial communication

This first release of this application handbook will not contain any applications regarding the
Generator Protection Unit, but concentrate on applications based on the combined control and
protection units.

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Multi-line 2 4189340223C

3 Protection of generators

All Multi-line 2 units contain generator protection functions. The no. of available functions are
dependent on the unit type and the chosen options. Please refer to the relevant data sheets for
Multi-line 2 products.

4 Speed governor and (optional) AVR control

4.1 General information

Multi-line 2 can control speed governors / AVR’s using relay or analogue outputs

Control of speed governor

If the prime mover is provided with a mechanical speed governor, this must be equipped with a pilot
motor ("PM") for manual/automatic remote control of the prime mover. The 2 relay outputs from the
Multi-line 2 may then in conjunction with a supply voltage for the "PM" control the mechanical speed
governor.

If the prime mover is provided with an electronic speed governor the analogue governor control
output may be chosen. Manual control is still possible via binary inputs on the Multi-line 2, or an
"electronic potentiometer" (EPN-110DN or EP-Q96) is applied to manual/automatic remote control
of the diesel engine. The 2 relay outputs from the Multi-line 2 can then control the electronic speed
governor through the EPN-110DN or EP-Q96.

Re EPN-110DN: Ref.: datasheet No. 4921240126.

Re EP-Q96: Ref.: datasheet No. 4921240020.

Adjustment of speed governors

Mechanical/electronic speed governors must ALWAYS be adjusted to an INTERNAL speed droop,
irrespective the control mode is isochronous mode, to ensure stability at manual as well as
automatic control! A speed droop of 4% is the rule-of-thumb setting.

Isochronous mode
The term "Isochronous" refers to load independent frequency control, i.e. the frequency is kept
constant at 50/60Hz at 0...100% load.

Do not be confused, the speed droop setting on the governor is still necessary to make sure the
Multi-line 2 unit is able to do its job - load sharing and frequency control.

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4.2 Mechanical speed governor with pilot motor

The diagram shows the necessary connections to carry out speed control using relay outputs.

M U LT I-LIN E 2

LO W ER
S PEED 60
S PEED
LO W ER 59
PILO T
M OT O R

R A IS E
58
S PEED S PEED
R A IS E 57

S U PPLY FO R
PILO T M OT O R

Fig. 1, connection to mechanical speed governor

4.3 AVR with binary inputs

The diagram shows the necessary connections to carry out voltage control using relay outputs.

MULT I-LINE 2 AVR

V OLT A G E 64 LOW ER
LOW ER V OLT A G E
63

62 RA IS E
V OLT A G E V OLT A G E
RA IS E 61

C OMMON

S UPPLY FOR
A V R V OLT A G E
C ONT ROL

Fig. 2, connection to AVR with binary inputs for voltage control

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Multi-line 2 4189340223C

4.4 Analogue output for electronic speed governor

The diagram shows the output only. To connect to a specific governor, please refer to the note
“Interfacing DEIF equipment to governors and AVR’s”, doc. ref. no. 4189340149.

MU LT I-LINE 2

OUT PUT 66 + /- 2 0 mA
FOR S PEED
67 0
G OV ERNOR

Fig. 3, analogue output for speed governor

4.5 Analogue output for AVR

The diagram shows the output only. To connect to a specific AVR, please refer to the note
“Interfacing DEIF equipment to governors and AVR’s”, doc. ref. no. 4189340149.
MULT I-LINE 2

OUT PUT 70 + /- 2 0 mA
FOR A V R
71 0

Fig. 4, analogue output for AVR

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Multi-line 2 4189340223C

5 Running mode selections and set points

5.1 General information

The Multi-line 2 can be configured to carry out the following standard running modes:

- Fixed frequency control (standalone single generator) with internal or external frequency
set point.
- Fixed power control (base load in island applications, power control in parallel with mains
applications) with internal or external power set point.
- Droop running control (controlled speed drop at increasing generator power production)
with internal or external base frequency setting)
- Active load sharing control with internal or external frequency set point.

If the voltage / var (reactive power) / power factor control option is chosen, the following available
running modes are added:

- Fixed voltage control (standalone single generator) with internal or external voltage set
point.
- Fixed var control (base var load in island applications, var production control in parallel
with mains applications) with internal of external reactive power set point.
- Fixed power factor control (parallel with mains) with internal or external power factor set
point.
- Reactive load sharing control with internal or external voltage set point.

The selection is carried out using the binary inputs “mode 1 – mode 6”, terminals 48 to 53 (input)
and terminal 56 (common). An input is activated by applying +24 VDC to the input and 0 VDC to
common.

5.2 Standard frequency and power mode selections

Set selector in pos 1: Frequency control (single standalone generator)
Set selector in pos 2: Power control (base load / fixed power parallel with mains)
Set selector in pos 3: Droop control (controlled speed drop with increasing produced power)
Set selector in pos 4: Load sharing control (equal load sharing, fixed frequency)

Fig. 5, frequency / power control mode selections

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Multi-line 2 4189340223C

5.3 Optional voltage / var and power factor mode selections

Set selector in pos 5: Fixed voltage control (single standalone generator)

Set selector in pos 6: Fixed reactive power control (base load / fixed reactive power parallel with
mains)
Set selector in pos 7: Power factor control
Set selector in pos 8: Reactive load sharing control (equal reactive load sharing, fixed voltage)

MULT I-LINE 2

+ 2 4 V DC

Fig. 6,voltage/ reactive power control mode selections

5.4 Analogue input setpoint scales

There are 2 analogue inputs available, both of which are +/- 10 VDC inputs, non-galvanically
separated:

Analogue input (term 40(signal) and 41 (gnd)) +/- 10 VDC equals frequency/power.

Analogue input (term 42 (signal) and 41 (gnd)) +/- 10 VDC equals voltage/var/power factor.

If the “external set point” mode is chosen (see paragraph 5.2 / 5.3) the use of the 2 analogue inputs
are determined by the running mode selection as follows:

Mode inputs 1 (term 48) to 3 (term. 50):

Running mode selection

Fixed frequency: Frequency +/- 5 Hz related to setting of nominal frequency

Fixed Power: Active power +/- 100% load related to nominal power setting
Droop: frequency +/- 5 Hz related to setting of nominal frequency
Load sharing: Frequency +/- 5 Hz related to setting of nominal frequency

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Multi-line 2 4189340223C

Mode inputs 4 (term. 51) to 6 (term 53) (voltage/var/power factor control option F):

Running mode selection

Fixed voltage: Voltage +/- 10% related to selected nominal voltage

Fixed var control Reactive power +/- 100% related to nominal power setting
Fixed power factor control: cos ϕ 0.7 capacitive…1.0…0.7 inductive
Var sharing: Voltage +/- 10% related to selected nominal voltage

6 Applications for island operation

6.1 General information

Island operation means “finite network” or generator(s) running in a system without

connection to other systems. An example is a ship’s power supply system or a remote
power plant supplying a limited area as e.g. a village.

The examples for island operation are for 1…n generators running together or separated by
a bus bar tie breaker.

6.2 Normal load sharing

NOTE: Var load sharing is an option.

After start of DG1 the Multi-line 2 is activated (“Start sync./contr.” input is activated). The Multi-line 2
will control the speed governor towards the set slip frequency (set via display setting). When the
generator frequency is inside the accept band the Multi-line 2 will calculate the "correct sync. pulse
transmit" according to the breaker closing time and the actual slip frequency.

After closing of generator circuit breaker, the Multi-line 2 unit will connect itself to the common PS
line (common power control) and the common QS line (common reactive power share line), this is
done by internal relay contacts. When only one DG is connected to the busbar, the Multi-line 2 will
control the frequency according to the set point.

After DG2 is started and connected to the busbar the two Multi-line 2’s will control the generators to
share the load equally in percentages of the active load, according to the size of the generators.

If the showed contact "DE-LOAD" is activated, the Multi-line 2 will disconnect itself from the PS/QS
line, and then control the generator towards zero power, and open the breaker when 5% load
(factory setting, programmable) is reached.

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Multi-line 2 4189340223C

Fig. 7, application for synchronisation, normal power / reactive power load sharing of two or more DGs.

Note: If var sharing option is not included, only terminals 37 and 38 needs to be connected.

The control outputs for speed governor and AVR (Voltage control / var sharing option) can be
relay or analogue outputs. See “Speed Governor / AVR connections”.

6.3 Load sharing with tie breaker bus bar separation and synchronisation.

This application utilises the DEIF HAS-111DG synchronisation check unit for synchronising the bus
tie breaker. The HAS-111DG will, via the ∆f output, control the frequency of the “A” side generators
during synchronisation.

The ∆f output is -5…0…+5 VDC output. 0 VDC is equal to correct frequency, -5 VDC equals 2.5 Hz
too slow and +5 VDC equals 2.5 Hz too fast, compared to the correct synchronisation frequency.
Note that the ∆f output terminals and the Multi-line 2 input terminals are “twisted”. This is due to the
fact that the HAS-111DG ∆f output indicates the actual deviation and the Multi-line 2 inputs are set
point inputs. So, if the frequency is too low (HAS-111DG output gives a negative value), the input
value on the Multi-line 2 units must go positive.

To carry out this task, the “A” side Multi-line 2 units must be set to external frequency control during
bus tie breaker (TB) synchronisation. This is achieved by activating the “mode 3” input on the “A”
side Multi-line 2 units.
The scaling of the frequency input is fixed to –10…0…+10 VDC input equal to –5…selected base
frequency…+5 Hz.

The relay C1 is used to start and hold the synchronisation. When the TB closes, the hold will be
cancelled.

Note also that 2 aux. contacts on the TB is used to open/close the power and reactive power load
sharing lines between the “A” and the “B” sides.

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Fig. 8, load sharing with tie breaker bus bar separation and synchronisation.

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7 Shaft generator

7.1 General information.

This application is for shaft generator (SG) where no frequency / power control is possible, i.e. the
SG frequency is determined by the main engine speed. As a consequence of this, the SG is not
permitted to run parallel with the diesel generators (DG’s) for a longer period of time. A certain
parallel running time is allowed (normally 1 min.) for “bump less” load transfer rom / to the shaft
generator.

The application uses a Multi-line 2 unit for each generator, incl. the SG. The SG unit is carrying out
protection, synchronising and load transfer from the SG to the diesel generators.

The analogue speed control output on the SG Multi-line 2 unit is used to control the DG units via
the control input on these. As the speed control output is a +/- 20 mA output, a 500 Ω resistor is
used to convert this to +/- 10 VDC which matches the input range.

7.2 Shaft generator synchronisation.

For diagram: please see fig. 9.

When the “SYNC SG” is pushed, the relay C1 will activate and stay activated until the shaft
generator breaker (SGB) closes. This will de-activate C1.

The C1 activates:
- “Start sync./contr.” (term. 25) input on the SG unit. As long as the SGB is open,
synchronisation will take place.
- Connection of the analogue speed control signal from the SG unit (term. 66(+) and 67) to
the analogue f/P input (term. 40(+) and 41). Note that the connection is “twisted”. This is to
achieve a “decrease signal” to the DG units when the SG unit requires an “increase signal”
to the SG.
- “Mode 3” (term 50) input on the DG units. This will cause the analogue input for frequency
/ power to be used as set point.

As “mode 1” (term. 48) and “mode 2” (term. 49) are active on the DG units, The diesel generators
are running in “load sharing” mode (provided the “start sync./contr.” input on the DG units is
activated).

When the SGB closes, The C1 relay signal de-activates. At the same time the “mode 2” inputs on
the DG units are removed. This forces the diesel generators to run in “fixed power” mode.

7.3 Load transfer from shaft generator to diesel generator(s).

For diagram: please see fig. 9.

When the “DE-LOAD SG” is pushed, the relay C2 will activate and stay activated until the SGB is
opened.

The C2 activates:
- “Start sync./contr.” (term. 25) and “de-load” (term. 45) input on the SG unit. As long as the

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Multi-line 2 4189340223C

SGB is closed, de-loading of the SG will take place.

- Connection of the analogue speed control signal from the SG unit (term. 66(+) and 67) to
the analogue f/P input (term. 41(+) and 42). Note that the connection is “twisted”. This is to
achieve a “decrease signal” to the DG units when the SG unit requires an “increase signal”
to the SG.
- “Mode 3” (term 50) input on the DG units. This will cause the analogue input for frequency
/ power to be used as set point.

As “mode 1” (term. 48) is active on the DG units, The diesel generators are running in “fixed power”
mode (provided the “start sync./contr.” input on the DG units is activated).

When the SGB opens, The C2 relay signal de-activates. At the same time the “mode 2” inputs on
the DG units are set (by opening of SGB). This forces the diesel generators to run in “load sharing”
mode.

To avoid re-synchronisation of the SGB, the “start sync./contr.” input on the SG unit must be
removed.

7.4 Load transfer from diesel generator(s) to shaft generator.

For diagram: please see fig. 9.

When the “DE-LOAD DG’s” is pushed, the relay C3 is activated. This will activate the “de-load”
input (term. 45) on the DG units. When both generator breakers are open, C3 will de-activate.

As “mode 1” (term. 48) is active on the DG units, The diesel generators are running in “fixed power”
mode (provided the “start sync./contr.” input on the DG units is activated).

NOTE: As long as the “DE-LOAD” inputs is active, a re-synchronisation will not take place after
opening of the generator breaker.

To avoid re-synchronisation, the “start sync./contr.” input must be removed from the DG
units after opening of GB’s.

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Fig. 9, Shaft generator synchronisation and subsequent load transfer to / from diesel generators

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8 Application for generators running parallel with a mains network

8.1 General information

Seen from a control point of view, a mains network is very similar to a shaft generator. It is a power
supply unit running a fixed frequency and voltage, of which we do not have any control.

Due to the nature of mains parallel running the voltage control option must be used,
otherwise var (cos ϕ) control is not possible, and generator over currents may occur.

To control speed / power and voltage / reactive power of the Diesel Generators (DG’s) the Mains
Breaker (MB) Multi-line 2 unit analogue speed (term. 66-67) and voltage (term. 70-71) outputs are
used. The terminals 67 and 71 are interconnected. This is possible due to the fact that the outputs
are individually galvanic separated.

The 2 500 Ω resistors across the outputs converts the +/- 20 mA output into +/- 10 VDC, which is
the correct value for the DG units inputs.

This means that a 3-wire connection to the DG units will control:

- DG’s frequency and voltage when synchronising MB

- DG’s power and var when running parallel with mains

8.2 Mains breaker synchronisation and subsequent mains peak lopping

For diagram: Please see fig. 10

When the “SYNC / CONTR MB START” pushbutton is pressed, the relay C1 will activate.

This will:
- Activate the MB unit
- Connect the MB unit analogue outputs to the DG units analogue set point inputs
- Set the DG units set point selection in “external” (activating “mode 3” and “mode 6” (term.
50 and 53)).

During synchronisation (MB open) the DG’s are running in “load / var sharing” modes.

When the MB closes, this is changed to “fixed load / var” modes” (the MB aux. contacts disconnect
the “mode 2 and 5”).

The system is now running parallel with mains. The MB unit is using internal set points for power
and cos ϕ to control the diesel generator plant, meaning the power consumption from the mains is
controlled to a fixed value. If external set points for power / cos ϕ are needed, activation of “mode 3
and 6” (term. 50 and 53) are needed. In this case, power can be controlled with a 0…10 VDC signal
on terminals 40(+)-41 and cos ϕ can be controlled with a 0…10 VDC signal on terminals 42(+)-41.

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8.3 Transferring load from mains to diesel generators

For diagram: See fig. 10

To transfer load to the DG’s, the pusbutton “DE-LOAD MB” is pushed. This will activate relay C2
which will stay activated until the MB is opened.

C2 activates the “de-load” (term 45) input on the MB unit. This activates the ramp down function of
the MB unit, which will attempt to ramp the mains power consumption to 0. As the outputs from the
MB unit to the DG units inputs are “twisted” a “de-crease” signal from the MB units will bee seen as
an “increase” signal by the DG units, i.e. the DG’s will pick up power.

When the mains power reaches 5% load, the mains breaker will be opened.

8.4 Transferring load from diesel generators to mains

For diagram: See fig. 10

To transfer load to mains, the “DE-LOAD DG’s” pushbutton is pushed. This will activate relay C3
which will stay activated until both generator breakers are opened.

Activation of C3 will activate the “de-load” (term. 45) on the DG units.

When the DG’s reaches 5% load, the generator breaker will be opened.

NOTE: When C3 de-activates, the “START SYNC / CONTR” must be de-activated to prevent
re-synchronisation of the generator.

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Fig. 10, mains breaker synchronisation, load transfer to / from mains, peak lopping
Errors and changes excepted

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