DR.

JOSE PROTACIO RIZAL MERCADO Y ALONSO REALONDA

BORN: JUNE 19, 1861 CALAMBA
DIED: DECEMBER 30, 1896 MANILA

MEANING OF RIZAL’S FULL NAME:

JOSE- from the name of San Jose (St. Joseph)
PROTACIO- from a Christian calendar
MERCADO- adopted from the paternal great great- grandfather of Jose Rizal
RIZAL- from the word ‘RICIAL’ in Spanish “LUNTIANG BUKID” (GREEN FIELD)
Y- And
ALONSO- old surname of his mother
REALONDA- from the surname of Doña Teodora’s godmother

NICKNAME: PEPE
PEN NAMES:
LAONG LAAN- When he was a contributor of poems and articles for the Spanish newspaper “La Solidaridad” was Laong
laan which was the name of a railway station in Manila.
DIMASALANG- When he served as a correspondent of the same Spanish newspaper “La Solidaridad”

“Rizal was the greatest product of the Philippines and his coming to the world was like the appearance of a rare brilliance
appears only every other century”

EARLY CHILDHOOD OF RIZAL

 JUNE 19, 1861
- he was born in Calamba, Laguna
 JUNE 22, 1861
- he was baptized JOSE RIZAL MERCADO at the Catholic of Calamba by the Parish Priest
Rev. Rufino Collantes with Rev. Pedro Casañas as the sponsor/ godfather
 SEPTEMBER 28, 1862
-Parochial church of Calamba were burned
 1865
-4 years old when his sister died.
 JUNE 6, 1868
- Rizal made a pilgrimage
 1869
- Age of 8 Rizal wrote his first poem entitled “Sa Aking Mga Kabataan””SA AKING MGA KABATA” first poem in native
language
 DOÑA TEODORA ALONZO REALONDA- Jose Rizal’s first non-formal teacher
At 3 years old he learned the alphabet and prayers
 LIEUTENANT GENERAL JOSE LEMERY- the governor general of the Philippines when Rizal was born

RIZAL’S CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES

 Homesickness
 Did Rizal had a fight before?
 How Rizal spent his leisure hours?
In church, with uncle Manuel, drawing, clay & wax
 DOG NAME: USMAN
 How Rizal respect others?

EARLY EDUCATION OF RIZAL

 Teodora Alonzo was Rizal’s first teacher
 Learned alphabet and prayers at the age of 3
 Maestro Celestino- First private tutor
 Lucas Padua- Second private tutor
 Maestro Leon Monroy- tutor in Spanish and Latin (classmate of Don Francisco)
 Rizal’s father send him to a private school in Biñan
 Jose goes to Biñan with Paciano on June 1869
 Maestro Justiniano Aquino Cruz
 Had fight with Pedro
 Andres Salandanan- arm wrestling
 His school days in Biñan as remarkable
 He excelled in all his subjects
 Juancho gave Rizal painting lessons
 Jose Guevarra
 December 17, 1870- Rizal Left the town of Biñan
 PRIVATE TUTORS OF RIZAL
 MAESTRO CELESTINO- was Jose’s first private tutor
 MAESTRO LUCAS PADUA- was the second private tutor
 MAESTRO LEON MONROY- became the hero’s tutor in Spanish and Latin. He was a classmate of Don
Francisco

THE UNCLES OF RIZAL

 UNCLE JOSE ALBERTO
-gave wise direction in the studies of Jose. Artistic ability painting, sketching, and sculpture
 UNCLE GREGORIO
- instilled into the mind of Jose the love for education “work hard and perform every task very carefully; learn to
be swift as well a thorough; be independent in thinking; and make visual pictures of everything”
-intensified Rizal’s love for good books
 UNCLE MANUEL ALBERTO
-seeing Jose was frail in nature, concerned himself with the physical development of his nephew
-he also taught Jose the love for open air and admiration for the beauty of nature
-fortify his body through physical exercise, wrestling
-who encouraged Rizal to develop physical health

JOSE GOES TO BIÑAN

 Don Leon died five months later and Jose was sent to a private school in Biñan
 June 1869- Jose goes to Biñan with Paciano
 Carromata- the mode of transportation
 Aunt’s house- where Jose lodged

FIRST DAY IN SCHOOL

 MAESTRO JUSTINIANO AQUINO CRUZ
-formal teacher at Binan
-Rizal described Maestro Justiniano as tall, thin, long-necked, sharp-nosed, with a body slightly bent forward
-the school was in Maestro Justiniano’s house
 CLASSMATES
-PEDRO (TEACHER’S SON)
-ANDRES SALNDANAN
-JOSE GUEVARRA

FIRST SCHOOL BRAWL

 PEDRO (the teacher’s son)- wrestling
 ANDRES SALANDANAN- arm wrestling

PAINTING LESSONS IN BIÑAN

 OLD JUANCHO- freely gave Jose painting lessons
 Jose Rizal and his classmate JOSE GUEVARRA became apprentices of Old Juancho

BEST STUDENT IN SCHOOL

 Jose surpassed his classmates in Spanish, Latin and other subjects
 His older classmates were jealous and squealed to the teacher whenever he had fights
 Jose usually received five or six blows while laid out in a bench

END OF BIÑAN SCHOOLING

 DECEMBER 17, 1870 -Jose left BIÑAN
 TALIM- the steamer that Jose rode
 ARTURO CAMPS- a Frenchman and a friend of Don Francisco, he took care of Jose during the trip

MARTYRDOM OF GOMBURZA
 JANUARY 20, 1872- Cavite mutiny flared up followed by the execution of GOMBURZA
 FEBRUARY 17, 1872- Fathers Mariano Gomez, Jose Burgos and Jacinto Zamora were implicated and executed
“garotte”
 THE GOMBURZA- were leaders of the secularization movement
 The martyrdom of the three priests inspired Rizal to fight the evils of Spanish tyranny
 In 1891, Rizal dedicated his second novel EL FLIBUSTERISMO to GOMBURZA
 INJUSTICE TO THE HERO’S MOTHER
 In 1872, Doña Teodora was arrested on a malicious charge that she aided his brother Jose Alberto in trying to
poison his wife
 Jose Alberto planned to divorce his wife because of her infidelity
 Jose Alberto’s wife connived with the Spanish lieutenant of the Guardia Civil and filled a case against Rizal’s
mother
 ANTONIO VIVENCIO DEL ROSARIO- gobernardorcillo of Calamba, helped the lieutenant arrest Doña Teodora
 50 kilometers- Doña Teodora was made to walk from Calamba to the provincial prison in Santa Cruz
 DON FRANCISCO DE MARCAIDA & DON MANUEL MAZANO - most famous lawyers of Manila, defended Doña
Teodora in court.
 After 2 ½ years- the Royal Audiencia acquitted Doña Teodora

SCHOLASTIC TRIUMPHS AT ATENEO DE MANILA

(1872- 1877)
 Four months after the martyrdom of GOMBURZA and Doña Teodora still in prison, Jose was sent to Manila
 He studied in Ateneo Municipal, a college under the supervision of the SPANISH JESUITS
 The JESUITS returned to Manila in 1859, they were given the management of the Escuela Pia or what we know
as ATENEO DE MANILA
 ATENEO DE MANILA during the Spanish Regime, the school attended by Rizal in Manila where he won several
prizes in literature.

RIZAL ENTERS THE ATENEO

 JUNE 10, 1872- accompanied by Paciano went to Manila
 His father, change his mind and decided to send him to Ateneo instead
 He again return to Manila, again accompanied by Paciano, Matriculated at the Ateneo Municipal
 Father Magin Ferrando, who was the college registrar, refused to admit him.
 Rizal was then eleven years old
 MANUEL XEREZ BURGOS intercession
 Jose was the first of his family to adopt the surname “RIZAL”
 He first boarded in a house outside Intramuros

JESUITS SYSTEM OF EDUCATION

 The Jesuits system of Education is more advanced than that of other colleges in that period
 The student heard mass in the morning before beginning of the daily class.
 Students were divided into two groups: “ROMAN EMPIRE” and “CARTHAGINIAN EMPIRE”
 The two groups has an emperor which is the best student
 The Ateneo students in Rizal’s time wore a uniform which consisted of “HEMP-FABRIC TROUSERS” and
“STRIPED COTTON COAT”

RIZAL’S FIRST YEAR IN ATENEO

(1872-1873)
 JUNE 1872, Rizal first heard mass/first day class in Ateneo
 FR. JOSE BECH, Rizal’s first professor in the Ateneo
 Rizal was placed at the bottom of the class since he was a newcomer and knows little Spanish. HE was externo
and was assigned to Carthaginians. At the end of the month, he became emperor of his empire. He was the
brightest pupil in the whole class.
 He progressed rapidly and at the end of the month he became “emperor”
 He took private lessons in Santa Isabel College

SUMMER VACATION
(1873)
 He placed second at the end of the year
 End of the school year in March 1873 and the starts of his summer vacation
 March 1873, Rizal returned to Calamba for summer vacation
 His sister Neneng (Saturnina) brought him to Tanawan to cheer him up
 Visited his mother in prison at Santa Cruz without telling his father
 After vacation, he returned to Manila for his 2nd year term in Ateneo
 Boarded inside Intramuros at no. 8 Magallanes street
 Doña Pepay- landlady and old widow with a widowed daughter and four sons
 SECOND YEAR IN ATENEO
(1873-1874)
 Rizal lost the leadership but he repented and even studied harder, once more he became emperor. He received
excellent grades in all subjects and a gold medal
 He had 3 classmates from Biñan who had also been his classmates in the school of Maestro Justiniano

PROPHECY OF MOTHER’S RELEASE

 Rizal immediately go to Santa Crus in order to visit his mother
 The Prophecy of Rizal to his mother
 Doña Teodora told her son of her dream the previous night. Rizal, interpreting the dream, told her that she would
be released from prison in 3 months’ time, it became true
 Doña Teodora likened his son to the youthful Joseph in the Bible in his ability to interpret dreams

JOSEPH (SON OF JACOB) Doña Teodora compare Rizal’s ability to interpret dreams to Joseph

THIRD YEAR IN ATENEO

(1874-1875)
 Shortly after the opening of classes, his mother was released from prison
 Rizal did not make an excellent showing in his studies
 JUNE 1874
-Rizal returned to the Ateneo
-His mother is release from prison
 He won only one gold medal in Latin
 He failed to win the medal in Spanish because his spoken was not fluently sonorous.
 End of school year (march 1975)

FOURTH YEAR IN ATENEO

(1875-1876)
 JUNE 16, 1875, he became an interno in Ateneo
 FR. FRANCISCO DE PAULA SANCHEZ- inspired him to study harder and write poetry. Rizal described him as a
“model of uprightness, earnestness, and love for the advancement of his pupils.”
 He won five medals and excellent ratings at the end of the school year
 He returned to Calamba for his summer vacation (march 1876)

LAST YEAR IN ATENEO

(1876-1877)
 Rizal returned to Manila in JUNE 1876
 He was the “PRIDE OF THE JESUITS”
 He obtained the highest grades in all subject

GRADUATION WITH HIGHEST HONORS

 MARCH23, 1877 – COMMENCEMENT DAY
 Prayed at the college chapel

EXTRA CURRICULAR ACTIVITIES IN ATENEO

 MARIAN CONGREGATION- SECRETARY: DEVOTION TO OUR LADY OF IMMACULATE CONCEPTION
 SPANISH LITERATURE
 ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES
 FATHER SANCHEZ- LITERATURE
 FATHER JOSE VILLACLARA- PRACTICAL STUDIES
 AGUSTIN SAEZ- PAINTING
 ROMUALDO DE JESUS- SCULPTING
 TIO MANUEL- GYMNASTICS AND FENCING

RIZAL AT THE UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS

(1877-1882)
ENROLLMENT AT UST
 Philosophy and letters during his freshman year (1877-1878)
 Why Philosophy & letters?
1. Don Francisco liked it.
2. Uncertainty on what course to take up
3. Failure to solicit the advice of father Ramon Pablo, Ateneo’s Rector, who was then at Mindanao
RIZAL’S GRADE (1877-1878)
 UST was under the DOMINICANS, rival of the JESUITS in education
 He remained loyal to Ateneo, participated in extracurricular activities and
completed a course in SURVEYING in the same school
 PERITO AGRIMENSOR
 November 25, 1881

EXTRA CURRICULAR ACTIVITIES IN ATENEO WHILE STUDYING AT UST

 President of the Academy of Spanish Literature
 Secretary of the Academy of Natural Sciences
 Secretary of the Marian Congregation

MEDICAL STUDIES AT UST

 Shifting from PHL & Letters to Medicine
 Why did Rizal Shift to Medical Course?
1. Don Pablo Ramon, Ateneo Rector, advised him to choose medicine
2. Rizal wanted to cure his mother’s growing blindness

SCHOLASTICS RECORDS FROM 1878-1882

REASONS WHY RIZAL DIDN’T ENJOY HIS STAY AT UST

 Hostility of Dominican Professors to him
 Racial Discrimination against Filipino students.
 Dissatisfaction with the method of instruction.
REASONS WHY RIZAL PERFORMED POORLY AT UST
 Medicine is not his vocation
 Discontentment with the system of education.
 Distractions of Youth.
SPANISH BRUTALITY
 st
Happened during his 1 summer vacation at Calamba after his freshman year
 Failure to perceive a lieutenant during that night
 GEN. PRIMO DE RIVERA – Gov. General of the Philippines at that time

FINISHING MEDICINE AT UST

 Notable in all of his subjects
 He was the 2nd best students in a class of seven who passed the medicine course

DECISION TO GO TO EUROPE
 to complete his medical course in Barcelona, Spain
 to make a name for himself in the field of journalism
 to observe and study European Society
 to prepare himself for the task of liberating the Filipinos from Spanish Tyranny
 RIZAL’S GREAT LOVE
 SEGUNDA KATIGBAK
1877: FIRST LOVE: “TEEN-AGE PUPPY LOVE-DOESN’T REALLY COUNT” AGE 14
 LEONOR VALENZUELA
1878: SECOND LOVE: “IMAGINE LOVE- A CHENGGOY CONCOCTION”
 LEONOR RIVERA
1878-1890: THIRD LOVE: “LONG DISTANCE IDEALIZED BUT DOOMED LOVE” AGE 15
 CONSUELO ORTIGA Y REYES
1884: FOURTH LOVE: THE MADRID FLIRT
 O SEI SAN
1888: FIFTH LOVE: “THE SAMURAI’S DAUGHTER” AGE 22
 GERTRUDE BECKETT
1886: SIXTH LOVE: “A CONTEMPORARY PASTIME” AGE 19
 SUZANNE THILL
1889: SEVENTH LOVE: CLEAN FUN RE: THE “NAUGHTY BOY” OF BRUSSELS AGE 18
 NELLIE BOUSTEAD
1891: EIGHT LOVE: “THE RICH HEIRESS. SHE ANTEDATED THE MODERN PRE-NUPTIAL AGREEMENT
AGE 19
 JOSEPHINE BRACKEN
1895: NINTH LOVE: “THE DULCE EXTRANJERA” AGE 18
 SEGUNDA KATIGBAK
“JOSE RIZAL’S FIRST LOVE”
 LEONOR RIVERA
“JOSE RIZAL’S TRUE LOVE”
 LEONOR VALENZUELA
“AND JOSE RIZAL’S INVISIBLE LOVE LETTERS”
 CONSUELO ORTIGA Y REYES
THE “CRUSH NG BAYAN” IN RIZAL’S TIME
 SEIKO USUI
“JOSE RIZAL’S JAPANESE GIRLFRIEND”
 GERTRUDE BECKETT
“JOSE RIZAL’S FLING IN LONDON”
 SUZANNE JACOBY
“JOSE RIZAL’S FLING”
 NELLIE BOUSTEAD
“JOSE RIZAL’S ALMOST WIFE”
 JOSEPHINE BRACKEN
“JOSE RIZAL’S DEAR AND UNHAPPY WIFE”

Teodora de Quintos Alonso Francisco Engracio Mercado

 Mother of Jose Rizal  Father of Jose Rizal
 Born: November 8, 1826 in Santa, Cruz Manila  Born: April 18,1818 in Biñan, Laguna
 Died: August 16, 1911 in Manila at the age of 85  Died: January 5, 1898 in Manila at the age of 80
 Baptized: Santa, Cruz Church  Youngest of 13 offsprings
 Educated: at the college of Santa Rosa  Studied: in San Jose College, Manila with the
 Occupation: Farmer course of Latin and Philosophy
 Immediate family:  Immediate family:
Lorenzo Alberto Alonzo and Brigada O. Quintos Juan and Cirila Mercado

 Wife of Francisco Rizal

 Mother of 11 Children
 Educated and highly cultured woman from Sta, Cruz
Manila

THE RIZAL CHILDREN (ELEVEN GIRL & 2 BOYS)

 MARIA
 SATURNINA
 JOSE
 PACIANO
 CONCEPTION
 NARCISA
 JOSEFA
 OLIMPIA
 TRINIDAD
 LUCIA
 SOLEDAD
 SATURNINA (NICKNAME: NENENG)
 Born: June 4, 1850
 Died: September 14, 1913
 Oldest of the Rizal children
 Married: Manuel T. Hidalgo of Tanawan, Batangas
 Provide Jose with good basic education

PACIANO (PET NAME: CIANO)

 Born: March 9, 1851
 Died: April 13, 1930, an old bachelor aged 79 because of tubercolosis
 Older brother and confidant of Jose Rizal
 After Rizal’s death he joined Philippines revolution and became a combat general
 Retired in his farm in Los Baños
 He had two children by his mistress (Severina Decena) a boy and girl
 Joined katipuneros in Cavite under General Emilio Aguinaldo
 General of Revolutionary forces
 Secretary of finance in the department of government in central Luzon
 Most noble of the Filipinos

NARCISA (PET NAME: SISA)

 Born: October 29, 1852
 Died: June 24, 1939
 Married: Antonio Lopez (nephew of Father Leoncio Lopez), a school teacher of Morong
 Helping financing Rizal’s studies in Europe.
 Can recite almost all poems of Rizal

OLIMPIA (PET NAME: YPIA)

 Born: 1855
 Died: August 18, 1887
 Married: Silvestre Ubaldo, a telegram operator from Manila and have 3 children
 Stout sister
 School mate of Segunda Katigbak
 Serves as mediator between two lovers

LUCIA
 Died: in Cholera in 1889 and was denied Christian burial because he was a brother in law of Dr. Riza
 Married Mariano Herbosa who died during cholera epidemic in may 1889

MARIA (NICKNAME: BIANG)

 Born: 1859
 Died: 1945
 Married: Daniel Faustino Cruz of Biñan Laguna the had 5 children
 Mauricio Cruz, one of Maria’s children became student of Jose Rizal in Dapitan, was known to be his ….
 Talked about wanting to marry Josephine Bracken
 Lahing maganda

CONCEPTION (PET NAME: CONCHA)

 Born: 1862
 Died: 1865
 She died of sickness at the age of 3
 Her death was Rizal’s first sorrow in life

JOSEFA (PET NAME: PANGGOY)

 Born: 1865
 Died: 1945 at the age of 80 /died a spinster
 She was unmarried live together with sister Trinidad until death
 She have suffered from epilepsy
 Joined katipunan
 Safeguard the paper and documents
 TRINIDAD (PET NAME: TRINING)
 Born 1868
 She died unmarried and live together with her sister Josefa
 She received Rizal alcohol lamp, in which he secretly hide the last “farewell” better known as “Mi Ultimo Adios”
 Custodian of Rizal’s last and greatest poem

SOLEDA (PET NAME: CHOLENG)

 Born: 1870
 Died: 1921
 Youngest of the Rizal children
 She married Panteleon Quintero of Calamba without parent’s consent
 Best educated
 Model of virtue ad good qualities

1. The main proponent of the Rizal bill who was dubbed as a communist and anti- catholic
SENATOR CLARO RECTO
2. AN ACT TO PROHIBIT COCKFIGHTING, HORSE RACING AND JAI-ALAI ON THE THIRTIETH DAY OF DECEMBER
OF EACH YEAR AND TO CREATE A COMMITTEE TO TAKE CHARGE OF THE PROPER CELEBRATION OF RIZAL
DAY IN EVERY MUNICIPALITY AND CHARTERED CITY, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES.
REPUBLIC ACT NO. 229
3. The date of the Rizal bill was enacted
JUNE 12, 1956
4. The former Philippine president who directed the Secretary of Education Culture and Sports and the Chairman of the
Commission on Higher Education to fully implement the RA 1425
FIDEL V. RAMOS
5. In this year, CHED Memorandum no.3 was issued enforcing strict compliance to Memorandum Order no. 247
1995
6. The bill involves mandating educational institutions in the country to offer a course on the hero’s life, works and writings
especially the Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo
RIZAL BILL
7. This refers to discerning, evaluative and analytical thinking
CRITICAL THINKING
8. The Filipina Beauty queen who is descendant of Rizal’s sister, Maria
GEMMA CRUZ ARANETA
9. Jose Rizal’s common law wife
JOSEPHINE BRACKEN
10. He retrieved the original manuscripts of Rizal’s novel without paying even a single centavo
ALEJANDRO ROCES
11. What is the name of the body created during the beginning of American colonization whose task is to answer the
question of national hero in the Philippines?
NATIONAL HISTORICAL COMMISSION OF THE PHILIPPINES
12. Which of the following is not included from the choices?
CAR RACING
13. How the Spanish called the native citizen of the Philippines?
INDIO
14. The following id the criteria for the selection of the Philippines National Hero during American period EXCEPT?
HE HAS A LOW TEMPER
15. Who is the former President during the approval of the Rizal Law?
FIDEL V. RAMOS
16. Who is the American Anthropologist that helped the Americans in the country to form the criteria for the National hero?
BEYER
17. How many did the Philippines conquered by the Spanish colonization?
333 YEARS
18. They are the one who introduced the co-education system
AMERICAN PERIOD
19. During the Spaniards, what is the system of education did they introduced to the Filipinos?
ALL OF THE ABOVE
20. It is the kind of gambling mentioned that been adopted by the Filipinos during the Spanish colonization
COCKFIGHTING
21. Among the Mercado family children who uses the surname Rizal
JOSE
22. Who is responsible in the proper observation of Rizal Day?
MAYOR
23. Rizal was a model in some Juan Luna’s Paintings
TRUE
24. The sports caster Chino Trinidad is a descendant of Rizal’s true love (Leonor Rivera)
FALSE
25. The Rizal Bill became the republic Act. No. 1425 known as RIZAL LAW
TRUE
26. The reproductive health bill involves mandating educational institutions in the country to offer a course on the hero’s life,
works, and writings, especially the NOLI and EL FILI
FALSE
27. Josephine Bracken tutored former President Joseph Estrada
FALSE
28. Rizal can as a worthwhile model and inspiration to every Filipino
TRUE
29. The Rizal law aims to gain an inspiring source of Patriotism
TRUE
30. Republic act NO. 2299 is another republic act that concerns the national hero, Jose Rizal
FALSE
 1. The _______ involves the desire to attain freedom and political independence, especially by a country under foreign power,
while patriotism denotes proud devotion and loyalty to one’s nation.
a. Nationalism c. Socialism
b. Communism d. Capitalism
2. Jose Rizal was a model in some of _______ painting.
a. Trinidad Pardo de Tavera c. Antonio Luna
b. Marcelo H. Del Pilar d. Juan Luna
3. This refers to discerning, evaluative, and analytical thinking.
a. Psychology c. Schizophrenia
b. Critical Thinking d. Logic
4. Jose Rizal Common Law wife
a. Josephine Bracken c. Segunda Katigbak
b. Suzanne Jacoby d. Leonor Rivera
5. He retrieves the original manuscripts of Rizal’s novel w/o paying any centavo
a. Ferdinand Blumentritt c. Jose Padro de Tavera
b. Antonio Luna d. Alejandro Roces
6. The main proponent of Rizal Bill who was dubbed as a communist and anti-catholic
a. Senator Ralph Recto c. Senator Claro Recto
b. Senator Chiz Escudero d. Senator Antonio Trillanes
7. An act prohibiting cockfighting, horse racing and jai-alai on the 30th day of December of each year and to create a
committee to take charge of the proper celebration of Rizal da in ever municipality.
a. RA No. 9163 c. RA No. 7394
b. RA No. 229 d. RA No. 9147
8. Date Rizal Bill was enacted
a. June 12, 1956 c. Dec. 30, 1956
b. June 1, 1956 d. Dec. 19, 1956
9. He is the former Philippine president who directed the Secretary of Education, Culture and Sports and the Chairman of the
commission on Higher Education to fully implement the RA 1425.
a. Elpidio Quirino c. Fidel V. Ramos
b. Gloria Macapagal Arroyo d. Joseph Estrada
10. In this year, CHED Memorandum No. 3 was issued enforcing strict compliance to Memorandum Order No. 247.
a. 2006 c. 1978
b. 1979 d. 1995

T 1. The Chinese played the role agents who could distribute imports in the interior and buy up goods for export during the
development of the export crop industry in the Philippines
T 2. A world Socialism view founded on ideas of freedom and equality.
T 3. The 19th century was commonly depicted as the birth of modern life, as well as the birth of many nation-states around the
world
T 4. The ship trade going back and forth between Manila and Acapulco, Mexico called Galleon Trade.
T . This Manila become the trading hub where China, India, Japan and Southeast Asians countries sent their goods to be
consolidate for shipping.
F 6. The strict discipline used by Spanish friars for the locals to learn fast called Whip and Slash.
T 7. Jose Rizal was the most prominent of the illustrados who inspired the craving for freedom and independence with his novels
written in Spanish.
F 8. The mestizos are highly respected in their respective pueblos or towns, though regarded as filibusteros or rebels by the friars.
T 9. Peninsular officials were very few consisting of the governor-general, a few subalterns and top church officials.
F 10. The encomienda system of tenancy or the right to use land in exchange for rent.
OLYMPIA 1. Rizal sister who served as the mediator between the teenage lovers, Rizal and Segunda Katigbak.
TEODORA ALONSO 2. She was educated in Colegio de San Jose and highly cultured women from Sta. Cruz, Manila
CALAMBA 3. Rizal Shrine was located in Francisco Mercado St. cor. Jose P. Rizal St., Brgy. 5, Poblacion, in the province Laguna.
JOSE ALBERTO 4. The Uncle of Rizal taught about painting, sketching and sculpture during his early childhood.
LEONCIO LOPEZ 5. Calamba priest who was esteemed and respected by Rizal
TRINIDAD 6. She became the custodian of his last and greatest poem.
JOSE ALBERTO 7. Dona Teodora Alonzo was arrested on a malicious ground that she and _________, tried to poison his wife
FR. JOSE BECH 8.In 1872-73, Rizal first professor in Ateneo
DR. ULIMAN 9. Rizal established a medical clinic in Calamba, Laguna where they called him with this name because he came from
Germany.
1896 10. On December 30 of what year did Rizal turned his back on the firing squad and faces the sea before he was shot.

RIZAL AND MORGA’S VIEW OF THE PHILIPPINE HISTRY: A COMPARISON

MORGA
LIFESTYLE: A lawlaw is a very small fish which is netted, dried
in the sun or air, and then cooked in various ways.
LANGUAGE:
He said that a house with the parents and children room
together is called “bahandin”
According to Morga, Inasawa is a wife married to a native man
BELIEFS:
Taking a bathe without regard to whether this might be injurious
to their health
RIZAL
LIFESTYLE: A lawlaw is called a salted and dried sardine. He
said that Morga seems to refer to tawilis of Batangas or dilis.
LANGUAGE:
In tagalog, a house is called “pamamahay”. Rizal said that it is
impossible that bahandin has been printed for bahayin, because
it is an obsolete derivative
Asawa is the term called for the wife of a native man
BELIEFS:
Indios are very careful not to take a bathe during siesta, after
luncheon, first 2 days of catarrh, and etc.: hygienic custom

Crocodiles that are larger in size are superior to the natives There had been friars eaten by crocodiles while Indios escaped

These reptiles are involved to the oaths and execrations hurdled
to their hated people even among Christians.
There were no priest or a man of religion to attend to religious
matters except old men, sorcerers and wizards. People believed
in omens and superstitions which he devil inspired them to do,
so that they could tell whether the sick person would live or die.
SOCIAL:
Namamahay are those who help build their master’s house, and
serve frequently as helpers when there are guests, and serve
their master when the master requires them to, without
compensation
The groom contributes a dowry, that he had received from his
parents, while the bride does not bring anything until she inherits
some from her parents
Morga said that in every island or provinces, many principals
were known among the people, some being more important and
having followers, which families and barrios obeyed and
respected. These known individuals or families form friendship
and relationships with each other and sometimes, due to
differences, even wars.
The priests, “Catalona/ Babaylan” are well-dressed rich people
that were not honoured because they are considered as loafers.
Case of Francisco Amandao as proof where he offered half of
his body to the Anitos and later on the other half was paralyzed.
“Public testimony of Heathenism”
SOCIAL:
Namamahay slaves still exist but they are now called ‘kasama’
they are now partners or laborers of a capitalist or farmer
A Filipino woman helps his husband and is not seen as a burden
when they get married. To a man, marrying means getting
introduced to a lifestyle that a bachelor is not accustomed with,
especially in terms economy, or financially
Rizal pointed out that ‘friendly relations’ were more common
than those of wars.
 CLARO M. RECTO- the main proponent of the Rizal bill who was dubbed as communist and anti-Catholic by critics
for proposing the Rizal bill.
 JOSE P. LAUREL- co-wrote Rizal law
 REPUBLIC ACT NO. 1425- Rizal law
 REPUBLIC ACT NO. 229- prohibiting cockfighting, horse racing, and jalai-jalai on the 30 th day of December of each
year
 RIZAL LAW- mandating educational
 JUNE 12, 1956- Rizal bill was enacted
 FIDEL V. RAMOS- Former President who directed the secretary of education, culture and sports and the chairman
of the commission on higher education to fully implemented the RA 1425
 1995- in this year, CHED memorandum no.3 was issued enforcing strict compliance to memorandum order no. 247
 GEMMA CRUZ ARANETA- the Filipina beauty queen who is a descendant of Rizal’s Sister Maria. First south east
Asian miss international
 JOSEPHINE BRACKEN- Rizal common law wife. Remarried to a man in Cebu. Tutored former president Sergio
Osmena
 LEONOR RIVERA- Maria Clara. Rizal’s true love
 ALEJANDRO ROCES- retrieved the original manuscript of Rizal’s novel without paying even a single centavo
 CHINO TRINIDAD- sports caster who is descendant of Rizal’s first love Segunda Katigbak
 GALLEON TRADE- the ship trade going back and forth between Manila and Acapulco, Mexico
 INQUILINO- the qualified system of tenancy, or the right to use a land in exchange for rent
 SEPTEMBER 14, 1815- end of galleon trade
 FR. FRANCISCO DE PAULA SANCHEZ- a great educator and scholar one of Rizal’s profs who inspired him to
study harder and to write poetry.
 JUANCHO- an old painter who gave Rizal free lessons in drawing and painting
 GOVERNOR GENERAL IZQUIERDO- who ordered the execution of Fr. Mariano Gomez, Jose Burgos & Jacinto
Zamora
 GOMBURZA- to whom Rizal dedicated El Fili
 SANTA CRUZ- a Spanish Lieutenant forced Dona Teodora to walk from Calamba to..
 MESSRS. FRANCISCO DE MARCAIDA & MANUEL MARZAN- famous layers of Manila who defended Dona
Teodora
 SPANISH JESUITS- religious order that supervised Ateneo Municipal
 MANUEL BURGOS- nephew of Father Burgos who helped Rizal get admitted into Ateneo
 A RELIGIOUS PICTURE- Rizal’s first prize for being the brightest pupil in the whole class
 SANTA ISABEL COLLEGE- college where Rizal took private lessons for his Spanish, paying three pesos
 THE COUNT OF MONTE CRISTO- Rizal’s first favourite novel
 TRAVELS IN THE PHILIPPINES- a book authored by Dr. Feodor Jagor and a book that impressed Rizal
 1887- graduated from Ateneo Municipal
 MARIAN CONGREGATION- religious society where Rizal became a secretary in
 MY FIRST INPIRATION- first poem that Rizal wrote during his days in Ateneo dedicated to his mother
 FR. PABLO RAMON- rector of Ateneo
 EXPERT SURVEYOR- the title that Rizal earned after taking a vocational course in Ateneo
 TO THE FILIPINO YOUTH- a poem submitted to the Artistic Literary Lyceum of Manila that won and is considered
classic in Philippine literature
 BESIDE THE PASIG- a Zarzuela staged by the Ateneans on the celebration of the Feasts Day of Immaculate
Conception
 VICENTE YBARDOLAZA- Rizal was infatuated with this girl who played the harp
 COMPANERISMO- secret society of Filipino students in UST founded by Rizal
 JOSE MERCADO- name that Jose Rizal used in moving to Spain
 SALVADORA- The Spanish streamer bound for Singapore
POLITICAL
PAST PRESENT
The Philippines is under the colony of Spain Child of human sacrifices is Today, the Philippines independent, following
and the monarchy prohibited the Democratic Republic types of government
and it has three branches namely:
The head of the Philippines is the governor- Divorce and polygamy is EXECUTIVE- department headed by the
general prohibited president
LEGISLATIVE- department which includes the
Only men were allowed to vote. Women were One system of government senators and house of representatives
not allowed to take a position in the JUDICIARY- headed by the Chief Justice of
government the Supreme Court

Women are now allowed to vote and take a

position.

SOCIAL
Women were allowed to stay only in their
homes and in schools that is exclusively for
them under the supervisions of nuns. They
were not allowed to study about different
profession or field of study that requires
application in the society. they only teach how
to be a good wife and mother
Women were not free to socialize with men
Both practices “mano” as Women were free to study in any schools and
respect for elders take up the course they want to pursue. They
can choose their profession. They are also
Using of cutlery or “kubyertos” in now not limited to their homes and can do
eating foods some works of men
Women are free to socialize to the opposite
sex

RELIGIOUS
The priests or friars have a lot of powers
during the Spanish period. They serve as
preacher, confessor, election inspector, law
enforcer, teacher, and substitute to governor-
general
The feast and occasion about There are many religious and the people are
religion is still practiced free to choose
Pasyon is intended to be sung
during Lenten season

Catholic is the official religion. Other sect of Senakulo is still portrayed

religious is prohibited

ECONOMIC

The Galleon trade with the route Manila- There are system of banking Filipinos are allowed to trade with the other
Acapulco is the trading system countries following the legal process.
There is also a tax collection
Filipinos were not allowed to trade with the
other countries. There is also a monopoly in
the industry like tobacco

The wages during the Spanish era is around 2

pesos and it would suffice to the needs of a
Filipino family. The economy as compare
today is far.

Noli Me Tangere
Where the Spanish rule was exposed of what was happening in the Philippines under their regime.

Author of Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas

Antonio Morga

What is it about?
A description of events from years 1493 to 1603

What did the book contain?

Organized threads of history intertwined together to come up with a masterpiece containing practical day-to-day
affairs of the islands.

What does the book include?

The country's political, social and economic systems.

What does the book tackled about?

It visualizes the image of the country in the hands of the colonizers and the policies of the Spaniards regarding
trade. In addition it talked about communication with Japan, Chinese and missionary movements (and other
neighbouring countries of the Philippines).
Recopilacion de leyes de Indias
Furnished a considerable number of laws

Advantage of Morga's position in the state

Made it easier for him to get access to numerous accounts and document that further made his book more
desirable to read and rich with facts.

Other than Rizal, who made annotations of Morga's book?

Lord Stanley

Dr. Ferdinand Blumentritt

Wrote the foreword of the annotation of the book which Rizal annotated (?)

When did Rizal encountered Dr. Morga's writing?

May 24, 1888

English of "Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas"

Events in [sic] the Philippine Islands

What does Dr. Morga's book "Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas" talk about?
Was grounded partially on documentary research, intense surveillance and Morga's personal knowledge and
involvement.

Why Rizal did considered Morga's work a best account of Spanish Colonization in the Philippines?
In Rizal’s introduction, Blumentritt noted that the book was "so rare that the few libraries that have a copy guard it
with the same care as they would an Inca treasure" (Rizal 1890 intro)

Where Morga’s Sucesos was originally printed?

Mexico, 1609 (was therefore rare)

What were the reasons why Rizal chose to reprint Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas or Events in [sic] the Philippine
Islands by Dr. Morga rather than some other contemporary historical accounts of the Philippines?
A. The original book was rare
B. Morga was a layman not a religious chroniclers
C. More sympathetic to the indios
D. Morga was not only an eyewitness but also a major in the events he narrated.

What made it rare?

Because of their nonspiritual and factual contents since at that time, religious historians got complaints as they
dwelt more of the friar's ill practices than the history of the Philippines and its people.

Rizal's annotations
Very straightforward historical annotations, which corrected the original book and though historically based, the
annotations reflects his strong anticlerical bias.

Rizal on Morga's book:

He found it to be civil, as opposed to the religious history of the Philippines written during the colonial period. Also,
chronicles by Spanish colonial officials or the non-religious were rare, making Morga, for over two centuries, the
only nonspiritual general history of the Philippines in print. (Retana, 1906)

True
The Book of Dr. Antonio de Morga, Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, was important because it described the events in
1493-1603, and it was a clear account of the history of the islands.
True
Dr. Jose Rizal found Dr. Antonio de Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas in London Museum Library on May 24,
1888.

False
Rizal reluctantly chose to annotate Morga's book over some other early Spanish accounts.

True
Dr. Antonio de Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas consisted of eight chapters

True
The first seven chapters discussed the political events that occurred in the colony during the first eleven Governor-
Generals in the Philippines.

True
Chapter 8 of the book was the least interesting because it gave a description of the pre-Hispanic Filipinos or Indios
at the Spanish time.

True
The annotations of Morga's book were finally finished, and they came out in 1890.

Rizal's annotations of Morga's book

Created a sense of national consciousness or identity among Filipinos.

Spanish historians
Often highlighted the "primitive" or "uncivilized" name of the indios.

Rizal's annotation
Awakened the passive natives about their rights and real setup in their homeland. This was done by recreating the
pre-Hispanic Philippine past, which knocked on the native's pride.

Rizal 1890 quoted:

"If the book manages to awaken in you the awareness of our past, erased from memory, and to rectify what has
been falsified and slandered, then I will not have labored in vain, and with this base, however small it may be, we
shall all be able to dedicate ourselves to study the future".

Contents of Morga's Books

1. of the first discoveries of the Eastern islands
2. of the government of Dr. Francisco de Sande
3. of the government of Don Gonzalo Ronquillo de Peiialosa
4. of the government of Dr. Santiago de Vera
5. of the government of Gomes Perez Dasrnariiias
6. of the government of Don Francisco Tello
7. of the government of Don Pedro de Acuiia
8. An account of the Philippines Islands

Political measures undertaken of the first eleven governor-generals of the Philippines

Discussed in the first seven chapters of the book. Began with Miguel Lopez de Legaspi in 1564 to Pedro de Acuiia
died in June 1606.

Rizal's preface to the Morga

Stated that nothing was changed in the original text. Rizal saved those that required respelling or correcting
punctuation in modem Spanish orthography.

1889 year
Year of publication of annotation of Morga's book.

Ponce take on Rizal's annotations

"Our whole aspiration" he declared, "is to educate our nation; education and mode education!"
In your own words, explain the significance of Rizal’s law to the present time
Rizal law which mandates educational institutions in the Philippines to offer a course about the works, and life of
Rizal, particularly his books- Noli Me and El Fili. Primarily, Rizal as one of the most noble and idealistic Filipino of all
time is worthy to be known. His ideals, principles and lifestyle is worthy of emulation. Every Filipinos or any other
races of the today’s generation, could be well inspired about him, and I speak with my own experience- his truly a
legend. Second, his works- particularly Noli and El Fili, this is his soul, this is where he spend his life. This is his
views, and perceptions about the reality his country had gone through during the Spanish regime. Through this
books, were not only knowing Rizal, but also ignites the fire of or love of our own country.

TRUE- Las Islas Filipinas means” The rising sun of the Philippines”
FALSE sucesos means truthful and internal views to the society
TRUE SDLIF is one of the important works of Antonio Pigafetta
TRUE SDLIF consists of seven chapters
TRUE SDLIF’s copy that Dr. Rizal had is one with 365 page book

2nd CONSIDERATION The choice of Morga was that it was the only civil, as opposed to religious or ecclesiastical,
history of the Philippines written during the colonial perioid
3rd CONSIDERATION The choice of Morga was Rizal’s opinion that this secular account was more objective, more
trustworthy, than those written by the religious missionaries which were liberally sprinkled with tales of miracles and
apparations
4th CONSIDERATION choice of Morga was that it appeared
MORE THAN 2 CONSIDERATION
NOT A CONSIDERATION

RIZAL the people of the PH had a culture on their own, before the coming of the Spaniards
RIZAL the people of the pre-Hispanic PH is advanced, has high literary rate, self-sufficient and has smooth foreign
relations
RIZAL Filipinos were decimated, demoralized, exploited, and ruined by the Spanish colonization
RIZAL the present state of the PH was not necessarily superior to its past.
MORGA he authored the SDLIF