QUARTER 4

ACTIVITY 1: LIGHT AND OPTICS EXERCISES

Plane Mirror- Virtual, Upright, Diminished

Concave Mirror- Real, Inverted, Enlarged
Convex Mirror- Virtual, Upright, Diminished
Converging Lens(Positive Lens)- Real, Inverted, Enlarged
Converging Lens- Virtual, Upright, Diminished
Diverging Lens(Negative Lens)- Real, Inverted, Diminished

ACTIVITY 2: IMPULSE AND MOMENTUM AND CONSERVATION OF MOMENTUM

1 .Impulse and momentum play important roles in sports. Why?

Because is simply a measure of the force applied for a specific time. It is an important concept
in sports because many techniques particularly throwing activities, required the performer to
apply as large a force possible for as long as possible. The area of force graph gives the
impulse. Momentum is a commonly used term in sports. When I sports announcer says that a
team has momentum they mean that team is really on the move and is going to be hard to
stop.

2. Find the Momentum of a 14-kg object moving at 7.5 m/s

P = mv
P = 14kg x 7.5 m/s
P = 105 kg m/s
3. What is the velocity of a 1500-kg truck that has a momentum of 25,000 kg m/s?
V = m/p
V = (25,000 kg m/s )/(1,500 kg)
V = 16.6 m/s
4. A 146-kg tiger is running to the right with a velocity of 15 m/s. Find the momentum of the
tiger?
P = mv
P = 146 kg x 15 m/s
P = 2,190 kg m/s
EXERCISE
1
A.
P=(5.9kg)(4.5m/s)
=26.55 kg. m/s
B.
P=(21kg)(4.5m/s)
=94.5 kg. m/s
C. Total momentum
26.55kg.m/s +94.5 kg. m/s
=121.05 kg. m/s
2)
11000kg(15m/s) ÷0.09
=183,333.33

EXAMPLE 1
0.25 m/s 0.15m/s
0.02 kg 0.04 kg
0.16 m/s

M¹V¹ +M²V²= M¹V¹/+ M² V²/

(0.02kg)(0.25m/s)+(0.04kg)(0.15m/s)=(0.02kg)(0.16 m/s)+(0.04kg) V²/
(0.005 kg. m/s) +(0.005 kg. m/s)= (0.0032 kg. m./s)+(0.04 kg) V²/
(0.0011 kg. m/s – 0.0033 kg. m/s= 0.04 kg) V²/
÷0.04 kg
V²/= -0.052 m/s

EXAMPLE 2
Mv⁰+0=(m+m)÷(m+m)
Mv⁰÷m+m=V
(0.25 kg) (15 m/s)÷(7.0kg)+(0.25kg)=Va
3.75 kg. m/s ÷ 7.25kg=V
V=0.52 m/s
½(m+m)V1²=(m+m)gh
½V1²÷g=h
½(0.52 m/s)²÷9.8=h
H=0.01
ACTIVITY 3 NEWTON LAW’S OF MOTION

M = F/A
M = 20N/〖5m/s〗^2
M = 4 kg
A = F/M
A= 10N/5kg
A = 2 m/s/s
F = MA
F = 1kg x 〖10 m/s〗^2
F = 10kg 〖m/s〗^2 or 10 N

PROBLEM 1
PERFECTLY ELASTIC
M¹V1+M²=(M¹+M²)V
24,3755 kg. m/s+ 4500 kg. m/s =(19500kg+1500kg) =V
28,875 kg. m/s÷3,450kg= V
V=8.37

PROBLEM 2
M¹=79.5kg M²=60kg
V¹=0m/s V²=5m/s
V¹/=? V²=2.5 m/s
M¹V¹+M²+V²=M¹+V¹/+M²V²/
(79.5kg)(0)+(60kg)(5m/s)=79.5kg V¹/+(60kg)(2.5m/s)
300kg. m/s=79.5kg V¹/+ 150kg. m/s
300kg. m/s-150kg. m/s÷ 79.5 kg=V¹/
V¹/=1.88 m/s

PROBLEM 3
M¹=1575kg M²=45kg
V¹=20m/s V²=0m/s
V¹/=18.9m/s V²/=?
M¹V¹+M²V²=M¹V¹/+M²V²/
(1575kg) (20m/s)+(45kg)(0m/s)=(1575kg)(18.9m/s)+(45kg(V²/
1575×(20-18.9)÷45=V²/
V²=38.5

Check Your Understanding

1. What acceleration will result when a 12 N net force applied to a 3 kg object?

A = F/N
A = 12N/3kg
A = 4 m/s/s
F = MA

12 N = 3 kg x 4 m/s/s

M=6kg
Fgrav=12N
A=12N÷6kg
A=2m/s²

12N=6kg×2m/s/s

2. A net force of 16 N causes a mass to accelerate at a rate of 5 m/s2. Determine the mass.

M = F/A
M = 16N/〖5m/s〗^2
M = 3.2 kg
F = MA
16 N = 3.2 kg x 5 m/s/s

3. How much force is needed to accelerate a 66 kg skier 1 m/sec/sec?

F = MA
F = 66 kg x 1 m/s/s
F = 66 kg-m/sec/sec or 66 N

4. What is the force on a 1000 kg elevator that is falling freely at 9.8 m/sec/sec?

F = MA
F = 1000 kg x 9.8 m/s/s
F = 9800 kg-m/sec/sec or 9800 N

Physical science
A

1. Fire a gun: action the forward force on the bullet

Reaction: the backward force on the gun.
2. Car pushes on your car with the same force, but in the opposite direction this force cause
you to slowdown, one force of the action. Reaction: force pair is exerted on your friends car
and the force of the force pair is exerted on your car.
3. Shoot off a rocket action the backwards force on the expelled basses at the back. Reaction
the forward force on the rocket.
4. Bang in a wall action downward force the nail derving it into the wood reaction the upward
force in the hammer causing it to bounce back up.
5. Jump in a boat. Action the upward force of the boat on me decelerating on my fall reaction
the downward force of me on the boat pushing it down into the water.
6. Sit in the boat and push an another boat. Action force on other boat, pushing it away
reaction force on your boat, pushing your away backward.
7. When we walk on the around action our foot pushes the ground backwards reaction in
return the ground pushes our foot forward.
8. The boy hopping in the boat to the words action boys feet exert on boat reaction the boy
exert force on feet.
9. When a ball is filled from a canon action the force ball forward reaction and is equal to the
force sending the canon backward hence the canon is said to be recured.
10. Baseball bat hitting the ball action the baseball force the bat to the left reaction the bat
forces the ball to the right.

B
Give real life situation on the first and second laws of motion 10 each

1st law of motion

1. A rider on running horse is thrown forward when the horse stops suddenly due to inertia of
motion.
2. When a branch of tree is vigorously shaken the fruits and scends in it fall down due to
inertia of rest.
3. When person jumps out of a moving vehicle, he falls forward due to inertia of motion.
4. Consider a corn place on the plate covering a tumbler if the plate is sudden pack off the can
falls into the tumbler due to inertia of rest.
5. Dusting bed with a broom remutes dust due to inertia of rest.
6. Objects that establish orbit around the earth like satellite continue on their trajectory due to
inertia.
7. Milk keeps swirling even after storing is stopped.
8. If you slipped a hocky puck an ice, eventually It will stop because of friction on the ice. It will
stop if it hits something like a players for a goal dust.
9. If you kick a ball in space it would keep going forward because there is no gravity friction or
resistance going against it. It will only stop going in one direction if it hits something like a
meteorites or reaches the gravity field of another planet.
10. If you are driving in your car at a very high speed and hit something like brick wall or a tree,
the case will come to an stop, but you will keep moving forward. This is why cars have air bags
to protect you from smashing into the wind screen.

2nd Law of Motion

1. Force of gravity that is force by which earth attract a body is move in case of heavy body as
compared to lighting once as if is proportional to mass of the body.
2. Gain of tag of war the Z teens pull rope in a opposite direction and the team which applied
larger wins as net force in direction of team which wins the game.
3. It is easier to push empty cart that full as full has more mass than an empty so more force is
required to push full cart.
4. To push a car is easier than a truck as it less mass so force required is less.
5. A cricket player move his hands backward on catching a fast moving ball to prevent injury as
force inverted by pass moving ball is high to reduce force time is increase.
6. Driving a truck or a car the mass of a truck is much larger than that of a car which mean it
requires more power o accelerate to the same extent.
7. Playing golf in golf game the acceleration of the ball is directly proportional to the force
applied to the club and inversely proportional to its mass in the way influences the force of the
air can cause a small to its direction.
8. Use of seat belts to prevent injuries in case of fast moving car as car has large momentum
which is reduce to zero to at very short time hence provided with seat belt.
9. During athletes meets a high jumping athlete is provided by clash with sand to prevent
injuries as sand helps to reduce momentum of athlete hence force to reduce.
10. Kicking of ball by player, more force applied more is acceleration in body more is the
distance covered by the mass.

1st Law of Motion

1. You are riding a bike and hit the lurb and pop over the handle bars.
2. You are driving fast and go around a turn and your body slide across the seat.
3. A bowling boll is rolled down the hallway it will only stop when hits a wall.
4. When a car acceleration and you are push back into the seats.
5. The car quickly stop and you are thrown forward.

2nd Law of Motion

1. To push a car easier than a track as it has less mass so force required less
2. Force are gravity that is force by which earth attract a body is more in case of heavy bodies
as compared to a lightning once as if is proportional to mass of body.
3. During atheletics meet high jumping athlete is provided by vision and to prevent injuries as
sand helps to reduce momentum of athlete hence power force is reduced.
4. Kicking a ball by player more force applied more is acceleration in a body move first distance
covered at the ball.
5. Use of seat belt to prevent injuries in case a fast moving car as car has large momentum
which is reduce to zero at very short time hence provided with seat belts.

3rd Law of Motion

1. When we touch the rock with toe and applied force an it the toe exerts force on the toe by
the rock if you apply more force on the rock by the toe more force is felt by you and it hurts.
2. When rushes out of a balloon the opposite reaction is that the balloon flies up.
3. When you jump your legs applies and coral opposite reaction force that prosper you into
the air.
4. Our hands feels pain which we hit the table, because table gives force as a reaction to our
hand.
5. When someone swim force given from the hand to the water result a reaction force from
the water with the total force as big as his hands force but in the opposite direction so that he
moves forward even through the swim his hands backward.