Name :- kajal Balaji Bansode

Roll no :- 2019/M/01
College :- national institute of electronics and information technology
Aurangabad
Executive Director :- Dr. Sanjeev Kumar Gupta
Academic Dean :- Shri Sasi Kumar Gera (scientist/engineer ‘E’)

M.Tech coordinator:- Shri Saurabh B Bansod (scientist/engineer ‘B’)

Guide name :- Shri D Rama rao sir(DESIGNATION :- scientist/engineer

‘D’)
Project name :- fuel conservation with traffic system
Abstract:-

The conservation of fuel is an important aspect for present scenario. The

fuel should be conserved for our future generation. This project deals with the fuel
conservation in vehicles at the traffic signals.
SI engine consumes more fuel in idling condition than in running condition. So, it
is necessary to switch off the engine when red signal is displayed in order to reduce
the fuel consumption. At the same time, auto ignition should be done to start the
engine when the green signal is displayed.
In this “fuel conservation with traffic system”, a RF transmitter is
provided within the specified area. The RF Transmitter has different frequencies for
red signal and green signal. A RF receiver is fitted in the vehicle to receive the
corresponding RF signal from the transmitter.
All these input signals are send to the Electronic Control Unit (ECU), where the
signals are processed and the logical decision is taken. The output signal is send to
the ignition relay (Petrol Engine). According to the requirement, the engine is turned
off (Red signal) or started (Green signal).
 Introduction :-

Internal combustion engines are devices that generate work using the
products of combustion as the working fluid rather than as a heat transfer medium. To
produce work, the combustion is carried out in a manner that produces high-pressure
combustion products that can be expanded through a turbine or piston. The engineering
of these high pressure systems introduces a number of features that profoundly
influence the formation of pollutants.

There are three major types of internal combustion engines in use today:
(1) the spark ignition engine, which is used primarily in automobiles;
(2) the diesel engine, which is used in large vehicles and industrial systems when
the improvements in cycle efficiency make it advantageous over the more compact
and lighter-weight spark ignition engine;
(3) the gas turbine, which is used in aircraft due to its high power/weight
ratio and also is used for stationary power generation.
Each of these engines is an important source of atmospheric pollutants.
Automobiles are major sources of carbon monoxide, unburned hydrocarbons, and
nitrogen oxides. Probably more than any other combustion system, the design of
automobile engines has been guided by the requirements to reduce emissions of
these pollutants. While substantial progress has been made in emission reduction,
automobiles remain important sources of air pollutants. Diesel engines are
notorious for the black smoke they emit. Gas turbines emit soot as well. These
systems also release unburned hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen
oxides in large quantities.
In this project we examine the air pollutant emissions from engines. To understand
the emissions and the special problems in emission control, it is first necessary that
we understand the operating principles of each engine type. We begin our
discussion with a system that has been the subject of intense study and
controversy-the spark ignition engine.
PCRA (PETROLEUM CONSERVATION RESEARCH ASSOCIATION) suggested
that if a vehicle is going to be in idling condition for more than 90seconds it is better
to switch off the engine to reduce fuel consumption and emission. The main reason
for their suggestion is that fuel consumption is more in city drive compared to
highway drive, this is because of more traffic signal and the vehicles are not
switched off even when the time duration is very long, so fuel consumption is more
and emission are also high. In this project it is aimed to stop the engine, if the idling
duration exist the proposed time limit and to start the engine at the time of green.
 BLOCK DIAGRAM:
TRANSMITTER SECTION: (IN SIGNAL)

RED
Power supply

Arduino Encoder RF Transmitter

YELLOW

GREEN

RECEIVER SECTION: (VEHICLE SECTION)

POWER SUPPLY
RF RECEIVER DECODER
ARDUINO

STARTER
BATTERY
MOTOR
 Need of Project :-
The aim is to implement Auto Start and Stop of the SI Engine to
replace the conventional system, to conserve fuel, increasing the mileage of vehicle
by 20%and to reduce emission. A circuit is to be designed to stop the vehicle within
the specified time limit and to start the vehicle and Sensors will be used for this
specified objective and an electronic control unit will be controlling the start and
stop of the engine. A prototype model will be developed.

APPICATIONS :-
• Reduce the Fuel Consumption.
• Increasing the Life time of Vehicle.
• Reduce Air pollution.
• Traffic control
• Traffic rule

FUTURE SCOPE :-
This project is used to conservation fuel at the time of signaling at
road.In metro city there is too much long signal is present so that to stop
and start of si engine is take much fuel. And expert also said that engine
take very much fuel at the time rest position so that this project is to
automatic start and stop of si engine at the time of signal at road. This
project has muchmore application to conserve the fuel.
Working of project :-
Our whole project is divided into two section i.e. trasmitter section
and the receiver section. The transmitter section is placed at the traffic light and
opposite to this the receiver section is placed at the vehicles. The receiver section is
directly connected to the vehicles ignition section so that whenever the signal get
received it will directly switch the battery section. It will cut down the supply of the
battery and the vehicles ignition system this result that turning off the vehicles.
Due to turning off the vehicles can consume less fuel so that there will be less fuel
consumption for vehicles and due to this fuel wastage can be controlled. To
communicate with the traffic light we use the transmitter and receiver pair.
Transmitter is placed at traffic light and receiver is placed at vehicles. When red
light s get on then the transmitter also gets on and send the signal to receiver. This
signal is received by the receiver which placed at vehicles. As well as the signal the
vehicles gets off. In this way our system works.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM :-
RF TRANSMITTER :-
RF RECIEVER:-

COMPONENT LIST:-
Arduino nano
Leds
Rf tx 433 mhz
Rf receiver 433 mhz
Ht 12e encoder
Ht 12d decoder
Bd 139 transistor
DC motor power supply
RESULT:-
This project is implemented as a demo level. if the project is implemented
at original traffic signal it will going to work fine too. The project also can be used
for the avoiding the rush drivers for does rush driving at traffic light. the project
also has a facility that whenever an emergency vehicles come at traffic light then
the particular lane get cleared by providing the path to that emergency vehicles.