MASS AND MOLE CALCULATIONS

IN CHEMICAL EQUATIONS
for Advanced Chemistry
Special Science High School in Grade 10
Quarter 3/ Week 4

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 FOREWORD

This self-learning kit will serve as a guide to help students

understand what happens in a chemical reaction. Their
previous knowledge will help them in solving problems
involving chemical equations particularly problems about the
mass and mole of reactants and products.

The students will gain knowledge about the steps in

solving the mass of both reactants and products in a reaction.
They will also understand the importance of coefficients as
they go along solving the problems.

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 OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:
K: Identify the number of moles of reactants and products.

S: Solve mathematical problems related to the number of mole

and mass in a chemical equation.
A: Recognize the importance of coefficients in balancing
chemical equations.

I. WHAT HAPPENED
PRE-TEST
Directions: In your notebook, answer the following questions about
the conversion of sucrose (C12H22O11) in sugarcane to ethanol (C2H6O)
and carbon dioxide (CO2).
___C12H22O11(s) + ___H2O(l) → ___C2H6O(l) + ___CO2(g)

1. What is the molar mass of sucrose?

2. Balance the given equation.
3. How many moles of ethanol are formed from 2 mol of sucrose?
4. How many moles of water are needed to react with 10 moles of
sucrose?

II. WHAT I NEED TO KNOW

We already know the concept of mole, what chemical equations

are, and how important balancing these equations are. Let us combine
our knowledge from the previous modules and see how the masses of
the reactants and products can be determined using chemical
equations.

A balanced equation provides a lot of information about the

reaction. The coefficients represent the number of molecules present in

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the reaction. Just knowing the numbers of molecules is not enough to
understand what happens in a reaction. It is also important to see what
happens to the mass of the individual chemicals before and after the
reaction.

Sample Problem #1: Calculating the Mass of a Product

When Glucose, C6H12O6, is converted in the human body, it

produces carbon dioxide, CO2, and water, H2O. If a person eats a
granola bar containing 18.3 g of glucose, how many grams of water will
the body produce after ingesting glucose, assuming all the glucose
undergoes reaction?

Solution:

Molar Equatio Molar

Mass in Mass in
Moles of A n
Moles of B
Grams of A mass coefficients mass
Grams of B

a. Balance the equation.

C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O

b. Convert the known mass of reactant to moles.

1 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 𝐶𝐶6𝐻𝐻12 𝑂𝑂6
𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 𝐶𝐶6𝐻𝐻12𝑂𝑂6 = 18.3 𝑔𝑔 𝐶𝐶6𝐻𝐻12𝑂𝑂6 × = 0.102 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
180.18 𝑔𝑔 𝐶𝐶6𝐻𝐻12𝑂𝑂6

c. Calculate moles H2O using moles reactant and their respective

coefficients.
6 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 𝐻𝐻2 𝑂𝑂
𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 𝐻𝐻2𝑂𝑂 = 0.102 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 𝐶𝐶6𝐻𝐻12𝑂𝑂6 × = 0.609 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
1 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 𝐶𝐶6𝐻𝐻12𝑂𝑂6
d. Convert mole H2O to grams H2O to get the mass of water.

18.02 𝑔𝑔 𝐻𝐻2 𝑂𝑂
𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔 𝐻𝐻2 𝑂𝑂 = 0.609 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 𝐻𝐻2 𝑂𝑂 × = 10.98 𝑔𝑔 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 11.0 𝑔𝑔
1 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 𝐻𝐻2 𝑂𝑂

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Sample Problem #2: Calculating the Mass of a Reactant

Magnesium hydroxide, Mg(OH)2 is an active ingredient in

antacids. It reacts with stomach acid, HCl, to produce magnesium
chloride, MgCl2 and water. How many grams of Mg(OH)2 are needed to
react with 0.65 g of HCl?

Solution:

Molar Equatio Molar

Mass in Mass in
Moles of A n
Moles of B
Grams of A mass coefficients mass
Grams of B

a. Balance the equation.

Mg(OH)2 + 2HCl → MgCl2 + 2H2O

b. Convert the known mass of reactant to moles

1 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻
𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻 = 0.65 𝑔𝑔 𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻 × = 0.018 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
36.46 𝑔𝑔 𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻
c. Calculate moles Mg(OH)2 using moles HCl and their respective
coefficients

1 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀(𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂)2
𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀(𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂)2 = 0.018 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻 × = 8.9 × 10−3 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
2 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻

d. Convert moles Mg(OH)2 to get the mass of magnesium hydroxide.

58.33 𝑔𝑔 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀(𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂)2
𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑔𝑔 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀(𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂)2 = 8.9 × 10−3 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀(𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂)2 × = 0.52 𝑔𝑔
1 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀(𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂)2

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III. WHAT I HAVE LEARNED

POST TEST
Directions: Solve the following problem and show your
solutions in your notebook.
1. Tungsten metal is produced by the reaction:
WO3 + H2 → H2O + W (unbalanced)
How many grams of H2 are needed to produce 1.00 g of W?
2. A mixture of hydrazine and hydrogen peroxide is used as a fuel for
rocket engines. These two substances react as shown by the equation:
N2H4(l) + 2H2O2(l) → N2(g) + 4H2O(l)
What mass of N2H4, in grams, is needed to react completely with 35.0 g
of H2O2?

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 REFERENCES
Brown, T., Lemay, H., Bursten, B., Murphy, C., & Woodward, P.
(2012). Chemistry the Central Science (12th ed). USA:
Pearson Prentice Hall.
Smith, J. (2010). General, Organic, & Biological Chemistry (1st
ed). New York: McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Stoker, S. (2010). General, Organic, & Biological Chemistry (5th
Edition). USA: Cengage Learning.

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 DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF NEGROS ORIENTAL

SENEN PRISCILLO P. PAULIN, CESO V

Schools Division Superintendent

FAY C. LUAREZ, TM, Ed.D., Ph.D.

OIC - Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Acting CID Chief

NILITA L. RAGAY, Ed.D.

OIC - Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

ROSELA R. ABIERA
Education Program Supervisor – (LRMDS)

ARNOLD R. JUNGCO
PSDS – Division Science Coordinator

MARICEL S. RASID
Librarian II (LRMDS)

ELMAR L. CABRERA
PDO II (LRMDS)

ALAIZA MARI K. CAINO

Writer

ALAIZA MARI K. CAINO

LEONREY L. VAILOCES
Illustrators/Lay-out Artists
_________________________________

ALPHA QA TEAM
ALLAN Z. ALBERTO
SEGUNDINO B. DELES, JR.
MANASSES V. JABALDE
VERONICA A. RECTO
BETA QA TEAM
ALLAN Z. ALBERTO
SEGUNDINO B. DELES, JR.
MANASSES V. JABALDE
VERONICA A. RECTO
DISCLAIMER

The information, activities and assessments used in this material are designed to provide
accessible learning modality to the teachers and learners of the Division of Negros Oriental. The
contents of this module are carefully researched, chosen, and evaluated to comply with the set
learning competencies. The writers and evaluator were clearly instructed to give credits to
information and illustrations used to substantiate this material. All content is subject to copyright and
may not be reproduced in any form without expressed written consent from the division.

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SYNOPSIS AND ABOUT THE AUTHOR
A balanced equation 2. mass N2H4 = 16.5 g

provides a lot of
1. mass H2 = 0.0329 g
POST-TEST
information about the 4. 10 moles
reaction. The coefficients 3. 8 moles
2. C12H22O11(s) + H2O(l) → 4C2H6O(l) + 4CO2(g)
represent the number of 1. 342.18 g/mol
PRE-TEST
molecules present in the ANSWER KEY:

reaction. Just knowing the

numbers of molecules is not enough to understand what
happens in a reaction. It is important to also see what
happens to the mass of the individual chemicals before and
after the reaction.

ALAIZA MARI K. CAINO, is a graduate of Bachelor

of Science in Chemistry at Negros Oriental State
University. She is a licensed chemist and a
licensed chemical technician. She is currently a
Special Science Teacher in Manjuyod Science
High School. She is also completing her course in
Certificate of Proficiency in Teacher Education
at La Consolacion College.