CHEMICAL REACTIONS

for Advanced Chemistry

Special Science High School in Grade 10
Quarter 3/ Week1

FOREWORD
 This self-learning kit will serve as a guide to help students
understand the concept of chemical reaction. Everyday we
encounter a lot of chemical reaction we may not be familiar
of. Learning about these reactions will change the student’s
perspective and widen their knowledge about chemistry.

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OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:

K: Define chemical reactions

S: Recognize the different types of chemical reactions.

A: Relate the importance of chemical reactions in the community

I. WHAT HAPPENED
PRE-TEST
Directions: Identify whether it is a chemical or a physical change. Write
the answer in your notebook.
___________1. Magnesium ribbon in hydrochloric acid.
___________2. Baking a cake

___________3. Condensation of water

___________4. Acid rain damaged statue.

___________5. Burning wood

II. WHAT I NEED TO KNOW

Chemical Reaction
Changes always happen. Like the growth of a plant. These
changes can be physical or chemical. When the plant becomes taller,
it is physical change. At the time it bears flowers or fruit it is chemical
change.
Physical change transforms the physical state of a substance
without changing its composition. Common example of a substance
undergoing physical change is the three different phases of water as
shown in Figure 1.

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 Figure 1 - Phases of Water
© kidspressmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/dreamstimelarge_347721552.jpg

Chemical change converts a substance into another chemically

different substance. This is also called a chemical reaction. A common
example of a chemical change is burning paper as shown in Figure 2.

Figure 2 - The burning of paper changes the paper's properties.

© quizlet.com/450167564/physical-change-or-chemical-change-flash-cards/

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 Activity 1
Directions: Identify whether the following is a
chemical or a physical change. Write your answer in
your notebook.
a. A rusting metal d. Bleaching your hair
b. Frying an egg e. Coal burning

A chemical reaction is observed if the interaction of chemicals

results in the formation of a new substance or chemical. These reactions
are caused by the rearrangements of the atoms in one or more
substance. We then represent these chemical reactions by using
chemical equations. A chemical equation uses chemical formulas and
symbols to show what reacts and forms in a reaction.
For example, when hydrogen gas (H2) burns, it reacts with oxygen
(O2) in the air to form water (H2O).

We can write its chemical equation as:

2 H2 + O2 → 2 H2O
This equation is read as “two moles of hydrogen gas react with 1
mole of oxygen to form or produce 2 moles of water”. The hydrogen
gas and oxygen are called reactants, and the water formed is called a
product.

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 Activity 2
Directions: Identify which is/are the reactant and
the product/s in each chemical equation. Write your
answer in your notebook.
a. CaCO3 → CaO + CO2
b. Ca + 2HCl → CaCl2 + H2

Types of Chemical Reaction

There are a lot of chemical reactions that occur in nature. Some
may be obvious to the human eye and some may not. Let us examine
four of the most common reactions in chemistry.

• Combination Reaction
Combination reaction occurs if two or more substances combine
to form a single substance. It follows the formula:

A + B → AB
In a combination reaction, two elements combine to form a
compound. Solid sulfur reacts with oxygen gas to form sulfur dioxide.
S(s) + O2(g) → SO2(g)
Nitrogen gas reacts with hydrogen gas to form ammonia.
N2(g) + 3H2(g) → 2NH3(g)

• Decomposition Reaction
Decomposition reaction occurs if one substance forms two or
more products. Its general formula is
AB → A + B
The decomposition of solid mercury (II) oxide by heating
produces oxygen and mercury.
The ∆ sign means heat in
2HgO(s) → 2Hg(l) + O2(g) a chemical reaction.

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 Sodium hydroxide decompose on heating to form sodium oxide
and water.
2NaOH(s) → Na2O(s) + H2O(g)

• Single Displacement Reaction

Single displacement reactions occur if one atom displaces the ion
of a different atom from a solution. These types of reactions are all
oxidation-reduction processes which will be discussed later. Single
displacement reaction follows the formula
A + BC → AC + B
Hydrogen chloride undergoes single displacement reaction if the
hydrogen atoms in HCl are replaced by Zn atoms. This reaction forms a
product of hydrogen gas and zinc chloride.
2HCl(aq) + Zn(s) → ZnCl2(aq) + H2(g)

• Double Displacement Reaction

In a double displacement reaction, the positive and negative ions
in an ionic compound exchange partners to form two new compounds.
Its general formula is
AB + CD → AD + CB
An example of a double displacement reaction is
Ag+NO3- + Na+Cl- → Ag+Cl- + Na+NO3-

• Combustion Reaction
A combustion reaction occurs if a substance combines with
oxygen that often releases energy and forms carbon dioxide and water.

CH4 + 2O2 → CO2 + 2H2O

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Activity 3
Directions: Classify the following reactions according to the five types
of reactions. Write your answer in your notebook.
a. CaCO3 → CaO + CO2
b. Ca + 2HCl → CaCl2 + H2
c. Cu + Cl2 → CuCl2

Some Chemical Reactions Commonly Observed in Everyday Life

• Automobile Air Bags

Decomposition of the chemical sodium azide is used to inflate
automobile air bags.
2Na3N → 6Na + N2

• Table Salt (Sodium Chloride)

Sodium chloride or table salt is formed from the combination
reaction of sodium and chlorine.
2Na + Cl2 → 2NaCl

• Propane in Grills
The combustion of propane produces energy that can be used
for cooking.
C3H8 + 5O2 → 4H2O + 3CO2 + energy

• Formation of Rust
The formation of rust is the result of a single displacement reaction.
Iron undergoes an oxidation reaction resulting in the formation of a red
coating called rust.
4Fe + 3O2 → 2Fe2O3

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 III. WHAT HAVE I LEARNED

POST TEST
I. True or False
Directions: Read each statement carefully. Write T if the statement
is true and F if it is false. Write the answers in your notebook.
__________1. When sugar melts a chemical change is observed.
__________2. A chemical equation is observed when chemicals interact
and forms a new substance.
__________3. Decomposition reaction occurs when a substance reacts
with oxygen in the air to form water and carbon dioxide.
__________4. Single displacement reaction follows the formula
A + BC → AC + B.
__________5. Ice forms when water is boiled.

II. Directions: Matching type. On the left are different chemical

equations and on the right are the corresponding types of reaction.
Match the following equations with its corresponding reaction. Write
the letter of your answer in your notebook.

Chemical Equation Chemical Reaction

____1. HgCl2 + H2S → HgS + 2HCl A. Combination
____2. 2H2 + O2 → 2H2O B. Decomposition
____3. NaCl + F2 → 2NaF + Cl2 C. Single displacement
____4. 4Fe + 3O2 → 2Fe2O3 D. Double displacement
____5. H2CO3 → CO2 + H2O E. Combustion.

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 REFERENCES
Brown, T., Lemay, H., Bursten, B., Murphy, C., & Woodward, P.
(2012). Chemistry the Central Science (12th ed). USA:
Pearson Prentice Hall.
Silberberg, M., & Amateis, P. (2012). Chemistry: The Molecular
Nature of Matter and Change (7th ed). 2 Penn Plaza,
New York: McGraw-Hill Education.
Classifying Chemical Reactions. (2021, January 27). Retrieved
from: courses.lumenlearning.com/suny-mcc-
introductorychemistry/chapter/types-of-chemical-
reactions-single-and-double-displacement-reactions/

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 DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF NEGROS ORIENTAL

SENEN PRISCILLO P. PAULIN, CESO V

Schools Division Superintendent

FAY C. LUAREZ, TM, Ed.D., Ph.D.

OIC - Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Acting CID Chief

NILITA L. RAGAY, Ed.D.

OIC - Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

ROSELA R. ABIERA
Education Program Supervisor – (LRMDS)

ARNOLD R. JUNGCO
PSDS – Division Science Coordinator

MARICEL S. RASID
Librarian II (LRMDS)

ELMAR L. CABRERA
PDO II (LRMDS)

ALAIZA MARI K. CAINO

Writer

ALAIZA MARI K. CAINO

LEONREY L. VAILOCES
Illustrators/Lay-out Artists
_________________________________

ALPHA QA TEAM
ALLAN Z. ALBERTO
SEGUNDINO B. DELES, JR.
MANASSES V. JABALDE
VERONICA A. RECTO
BETA QA TEAM
ALLAN Z. ALBERTO
SEGUNDINO B. DELES, JR.
MANASSES V. JABALDE
VERONICA A. RECTO
DISCLAIMER

The information, activities and assessments used in this material are designed to provide
accessible learning modality to the teachers and learners of the Division of Negros Oriental. The
contents of this module are carefully researched, chosen, and evaluated to comply with the set
learning competencies. The writers and evaluator were clearly instructed to give credits to
information and illustrations used to substantiate this material. All content is subject to copyright and
may not be reproduced in any form without expressed written consent from the division.

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SYNOPSIS AND ABOUT THE AUTHOR
There is a lot of chemical
reaction happening in nature. The 5. B F 5.

most common reactions are

4. A T 4.
3. C F 3.

decomposition, combination,
2. E F 2.
1. D F 1.

combustion, single displacement,

II. Matching Type True or False I.
POST-TEST

and double displacement Combustion reaction d.

reactions.
Combination reaction c.
Single replacement reaction b.
Decomposition reaction a.

All of these chemical reactions

Activity 3
CuCl2 c. Cu and Cl2
are accompanied with chemical
CaCl2 + H2 b. Ca and HCI
CaO + CO2 a. CaCO3

changes. These changes can be

Products Reactants
Activity 2
evident in the substance change in
Chemical change f.
Chemical change e.

color, temperature, presence of

Chemical change d.
Physical change c.

smoke and bubbles, and formation

Chemical change b.
Chemical change a.

or production of precipitates and

Activity 1
Chemical change 5.

flame.
Chemical change 4.
Physical change 3.
Chemical change 2.
Chemical change 1.
PRE-TEST
ANSWER KEY:

ALAIZA MARI K. CAINO, is a graduate of Bachelor

of Science in Chemistry at Negros Oriental State
University. She is a licensed chemist and a
licensed chemical technician. She is currently a
Special Science Teacher in Manjuyod Science
High School. She is also completing her course in
Certificate of Proficiency in Teacher Education
at La Consolacion College.

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