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SRM VALLIAMMAI ENGINEERING COLLEGE

SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur – 603 203

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION

ENGINEERING

QUESTION BANK

VII SEMESTER

EC 8701 – Antenna and Microwave Engineering

Department Of ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

Regulation – 2017
Academic Year 2020 – 2021

Prepared by

Dr.S.Ramesh/Assoc.Prof/ECE
Mr.Prasannan/A.P(O.G)/ECE

Mr.T.V.Sudhir/A.P(O.G)/ECE

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 UNIT I - INTRODUCTION TO MICROWAVE SYSTEMS www.rejinpaul.com
AND ANTENNAS
Microwave frequency bands, Physical concept of radiation, Near- and far-field regions, Fields
and Power Radiated by an Antenna, Antenna Pattern Characteristics, Antenna Gain and
Efficiency, Aperture Efficiency and Effective Area, Antenna Noise Temperature and G/T,
Impedance matching, Friis transmission equation, Link budget and link margin, Noise
Characterization of a microwave receiver

PART – A
Q.No Questions BT Level Competence
1. Define Radio Antenna BTL 1 Remembering
2. Identify the parameter that refers to the direction of the radiated BTL 1 Remembering
power and define it.
3. Quote the expression for the radiation resistance and define the BTL 1 Remembering
same.
4. List out the microwave frequency bands in Electromagnetic BTL 1 Remembering
spectrum
5. Define the term antenna gain BTL 1 Remembering
6. Outline the various classifications of antennas. BTL 1 Remembering
7. Give the basic antenna radiation equation BTL 2 Understanding
8. Relate the Gain and Directivity of an antenna through proper BTL 2 Understanding
expression.
9. A radio link has a 15-W Transmitter connected to an antenna of BTL 2 Understanding
2.5m2 effective aperture at 5 GHz. The receiving antenna has an
effective aperture of 0.5 m2 the transmitting and is located at a
15-Km Line-of-sight distance from the transmitting antenna.
Assuming lossless, matched antennas, find the power delivered
to the receiver. Estimate the power delivered to RXF
10. Explain the near field and far field concept of antennas. BTL 2 Understanding
11. Develop the equation for “directivity from pattern”. Modify the BTL 3 Applying
above equation to get the equation for “directivity from
aperture”.
12. Construct the two dimensional field pattern of an antenna and BTL 3 Applying
explain the bandwidth.
13. Identify the equation for the effective aperture of the antenna. BTL 3 Applying
14. Find the equation for antenna noise temperature with it’s BTL 4 Analyzing
definition
15. Compare absolute gain and realized gain. BTL 4 Analyzing
16. Explore the need for impedence matching in antennas. BTL 4 Analyzing
17. Recommend an equation that relates the received and BTL 5 Evaluating
transmitted power W.R.T distance between the antennas.
18. Compare link budget and link margin in the field of antenna BTL 5 Evaluating
design
19. Develop Friis equation and explain each of it’s parameters BTL 6 Creating
20. Discuss the need for noise characterization of a microwave BTL 6 Creating
receiver.

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 PART - B www.rejinpaul.com
1. Describe the antenna parameters. (a) Gain (b) Bandwidth (13) BTL 1 Remembering
(c) Input Impedance (d) Effective aperture
2. Select a proper method to match the impedance of the (13) BTL 1 Remembering
antenna and explain in detail.
3. (i)List out the concept of (7) BTL 1 Remembering
(a) Radiation pattern (b) Gain (c) Directivity
(ii)Show the condition under which the fields are classified (6)
as near field and far field and explain the same
4. Mention the various classification of antennas as well as the (13) BTL 1 Remembering
types of antennas.
5. Summarize radiation pattern with a three dimension model. (13) BTL 2 Understanding
Also explain HPBW , FNBW and the various lobes.
6. (i) Illustrate the concept of (7) BTL 2 Understanding
(a) Bandwidth (b) Beam efficiency (c) Antenna Temperature
(ii) Explain matching baluns with suitable diagram. (6)
7. Find the number of square degrees in the solid angle Ω on a (13) BTL 2 Understanding
spherical surface that is between θ=20˚ & θ=40˚ and φ=30˚
& φ =70˚
8. (i) Show the radiation resistance of antenna of length λ/8 m. (7) BTL 3 Applying
(ii) Solve : An antenna has a field pattern given by (6)
E(θ)=Cos2θ for 0˚≤ θ ≤90˚. Find HPBW
9. (i) Solve the maximum effective aperture of an antenna (7) Applying
which is operating at a wavelength of 2 meters and has a BTL 3
directivity of 100.
(ii) Construct the radiation resistance of the antenna which is (6)
drawing 15 A current and radiating 5 kW.
10. A radiating element of 1 cm carries an effective current of (13) BTL 4 Analyzing
0.5A at 3 GHz. Calculate the power radiated by it.
11. (i) Investigate the need of impedance matching in antennas. (7) BTL 4 Analyzing
(ii) Solve : An antenna has a field pattern given by (6)
E(θ)=CosθCos2θ for 0˚≤ θ ≤90˚. Find (a) HPBW (b) FNBW

12. Discover the radiation resistance of antenna of length λ/25 m (13) BTL 4 Analyzing
and λ/50 m.

13. Summarize the Friis equation of an antenna with diagram. (13) BTL 5 Evaluating
Also explain the individual parametes in the equation in
detail.
14. Develop the concept of Link budget and Link Margin with (13)
BTL 6 Creating
equation and suitable examples.

PART - C
1. (i) The radiation resistance of an antenna is 72 Ω and loss (8) BTL 5 Evaluating
resistance is 8 Ω . What is the directivity in dB if the power gain
is 16.
(ii) An antenna has a loss resistance of 10 Ω , power gain of 20 (7)
and directivity 22 . Calculate the radiation resistance.
2. An antenna receives a maximum power of 2 µW from a radio (15) BTL 5 Evaluating
station. Estimate the maximum effective area if the antenna is
located in the far field region of the station where |E|=50mV/m
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 3. (i) If the noise figure of the antenna at room temperaturewww.rejinpaul.com
is (8) BTL 6 Creating
1.1dB, What is the effective noise temperature.
(ii) What is the maximum effective aperture of the antenna with (7)
directivity of 900 operating at a frequency of 10 Ghz.
4. Elaborate the various fundamental parameters of antenna with (15) BTL 6 Creating
equations and diagrams.

UNIT II - RADIATION MECHANISM AND DESIGN ASPECTS

Radiation Mechanisms of Linear Wire and Loop antennas, Aperture antennas, Reflector
antennas, Microstrip antennas and Frequency independent antennas, Design considerations
and applications.
PART - A
Q.No Questions BT Level Competence
1. Describe the features of the pyramidal horn antenna. BTL 2 Understanding

2. Give the applications of microstrip antenna BTL 2 Understanding

3. Discuss the significance of the aperture of the antennas. BTL 2 Understanding

4. State Babinet’s principle and how does it give rise to the BTL 1 Remembering
concept of complementary antenna.
5. The aperture dimensions of a pyramidal horn are 12 X 6 cm, BTL 6 Creating
operating at a frequency of 10GHz. Generate the beam width
and directivity for the given specifications.
6. Mention the types of feeding structures used for a microstrip BTL 1 Remembering
patch.
7. Illustrate the basic concept of reflector antenna. BTL 3 Applying
8. Discuss the merits and applications of offset feed reflector BTL 2 Understanding
antenna.
9. At 2.7GHz, the increase in antenna temperature from Cygnus BTL 5 Evaluating
A with a 20m dish antenna is 51k. Solve the aperture
efficiency of the antenna?
10. What is aperture blockage? BTL 1 Remembering

11. State Huygens principle for Aperture antennas BTL 1 Remembering

12. Relate the field equivalence principle to the aperture antennas. BTL 3 Applying
13. State the reasons for the preference of aperture antennas for BTL 1 Remembering
space applications
14. Define FNBW and HPBW of aperture antenna. BTL Remembering
15. What are the limitations of reflector antenna? Apply the BTL 4 Applying
methods to overcome them
16. Explain how the aperture blockage can be prevented in BTL 4 Analyzing
reflector antenna.
17. Point out the limitations of a microstrip patch antenna. BTL 4 Analyzing
18. Develop the design considerations for an aperture antenna? BTL 6 Creating
19. Solve the diameter of aperture of a parabolic antenna to BTL 4 Analyzing

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 produce a null beam width of 10o at 3GHz. www.rejinpaul.com
20. Why log periodic antenna is called so? BTL 5 Evaluating

PART - B
1. Describe the radiation pattern and fields on the axis of an E- (13) BTL 1 Remembering
plane and H-plane sectoral horns.
2. A pyramidal horn antenna having aperture dimensions of a = (13) BTL 1 Remembering
5.2 cm and b = 3.8 cm is used at a frequency of 10GHz.Find
its gain and HPBW.

3. What are the different types of horn structures? Draw the (13) BTL 1 Remembering
radiation pattern of horn antenna and hence describe the
radiation mechanism with neat diagram.
4. Identify the radiation resistance of a single turn and an eight (13) BTL 1 Remembering
turn small circular loop when the radius of the loop is λ/25
and the medium is free space.
5. Describe rectangular apertures and derive expressions for its (13) BTL 2 Understanding
uniform distribution on an infinite ground plane and space.
6. With necessary sketches, explain in detail the radiation (13) BTL 2 Understanding
mechanism of a microstrip patch antenna.
7. Summarize various feeding techniques for the rectangular (13) BTL 2 Understanding
patch antenna with neat diagrams.
8. (i) Relate the flat reflector and corner reflector. (7) Applying
(ii) Calculate the diameter of the reflector antenna that has a (6) BTL 3
0.5 deg HPBW at a frequency of 8.2 GHz. Assume an
efficiency constant = 0.6. Calculate the antenna gain and
effective aperture.
9. Examine the rectangular apertures and derive expressions for (13) BTL 3 Applying
its uniform distribution on an infinite ground plane and
space.
10. A rectangular aperture with a constant field distribution with (13) BTL 4 Analyzing
a=4λ and b=3λ, is mounted on an infinite ground plane.
Investigate the (i) FNBW and HPBW in E-plane (ii) FSLBW
and FSLMM in E-plane and (iii) Directivity.
11. Point out the principle of parabolic reflector antenna with the (7) BTL 4 Analyzing
neat diagram and explain the various types of feed used.

12. Design and analyze the LPDA having a directivity of 8.5 dB (13) BTL 4 Analyzing
over a frequency range of 10 MHz to 30 MHz.

13. With necessary illustrations, assess the radiation (13) BTL 5 Evaluating
characteristics of multi element log periodic antenna and
mention its possible applications.

14. A Square loop antenna has 200 turns and each arm of length (13)
1m. This is connected to receiver tuned to 10 MHz.
Formulate the field strength so that the input to the receiver BTL 6 Creating
is 10 mV, while the loop is oriented at 60 degree from the
direction of the transmitter.
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PART - C
1. A Square loop antenna is 0.4 by 0.4 m in size. It has 12 turns (15) BTL 5 Evaluating
and an inductance of 120 mH. If the Q is 100 at 1250 KHz and
the untuned antenna is coupled at 50 ohm input resistance
receiver. Evaluate the electric field strength when the output of
50 dB receiver is 250 mV? Assume the loop is aligned for
maximum reception.
2. A Paraboloid reflector antenna is designed for operation at 3000 (15) BTL 5 Evaluating
MHz. Its largest aperture dimension is 20 ft. For measurement
of radiation pattern, measure the minimum distance between
primary and secondary antenna.
3. Calculate the angular aperture for a paraboloid reflector antenna (15) BTL 6 Creating
for which aperture number is (i) 0.25, (ii) 0.50. Given that the
diameter of reflector mouth is 10 m. Prepare the position of
focal point with reference to the reflector mouth in each case.
4. Discuss the parabola geometry that makes it a suitable for (15) BTL 6 Creating
antenna reflectors. Develop an antenna employing a parabolic
reflector that is likely to be a highly directive receiving antenna.

UNIT III - ANTENNA ARRAYS AND APPLICATIONS

Two-element array, Array factor, Pattern multiplication, uniformly spaced arrays with
uniformand non-uniform excitation amplitudes, Smart antennas.
PART – A
Q.No Questions BT Level Competence
1. What is mean by uniform linear array? BTL 1 Remembering
2. Define phased array. BTL 1 Remembering
3. Write about pattern multiplication and its advantages. BTL 1 Remembering
4. Point out the features of smart antennas and where it is BTL 1 Remembering
employed?
5. Draw the radiation pattern of isotropic point sources of same BTL 1 Remembering
amplitude and opposite phase that are λ/2 apart along X-axis
symmetric with respect to the origin.
6. How to eliminate minor lobes? BTL 1 Remembering
7. Interpret the meaning of array factor. BTL 2 Understanding
8. Summarize the advantages and disadvantages of binomial BTL 2 Understanding
array.
9. Draw the radiation pattern for broad side and end fire array. BTL 2 Understanding
10. Enumerate the basic principle of reconfigurable antennas. BTL 2 Understanding
11. Show the conditions to obtain end fire array antenna. BTL 3 Applying
12. Identify the feed networks used in a phased array antenna. BTL 3 Applying
13. Illustrate the meaning and need for the binomial array. BTL 3 Applying
14. Find the directivity of broadside forms of arrays when a BTL 4 Analyzing
uniform linear array contains 50 isotropic radiation with an
inter element spacing of λ/2.
15. Classify smart antennas. BTL 4 Analyzing
16. Explore the need for phase shifter in phased array antennas. BTL 4 Analyzing
17. Differentiate Binomial and Chebyshev distributions. BTL 5 Evaluating

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 18. Compare beam steering and beamforming. www.rejinpaul.com
BTL 5 Evaluating
19. A linear end fire, uniform array of 10 elements has a separation BTL 6 Creating
of λ/4 between elements. Formulate the directivity of an array.
20. Devise the active antennas towards the wide interest for BTL 6 Creating
industrial applications.

PART - B
1. Enumerate the expression for steering vector of phased (13) BTL 1 Remembering
array antenna Give account of beam forming networks for
phased array antenna.
2. Find the expression for the field and the radiation pattern (13) BTL 1 Remembering
produced by a N element array of infinitesimal with
distance of separation λ/ 2 and currents of unequal
magnitude and phase shift 1800.
3. (i)Quote and derive the expression for field pattern of (7) BTL 1 Remembering
broad side array of N point sources.
(ii)A linear broadside array consists of 4 equal isotropic in- (6)
phase point sources with λ/3 spacing. Identify the
directivity and beamwidth.
4. For a 2 element linear antenna array separated by a (13) BTL 1 Remembering
distance d = 3λ/4, derive the field quantities and draw its
radiation pattern for the phase difference of 45o.
5. Summarize the initial, practical considerations, (13) BTL 2 Understanding
reconfiguration mechanism of reconfigurable antenna.
Interpret how dipole antenna is reconfigurable by
frequency.
6. (i) Demonstrate the radiation mechanisms of broad side (7) BTL 2 Understanding
antenna array and end fire antenna array with neat
sketches.
(ii) What is binomial array? Draw the pattern of 10 (6)
elements binomial array with spacing between the elements
of 3λ/4 and λ/2.
7. Discuss the classification of Electromagnetic Band-Gap (13) BTL 2 Understanding
(EBG) structures and Compare defected ground structure
and EBG.
8. (i) Show the expression for the field produced by linear (7) BTL 3 Applying
array and deduces it for an end fire array.
(ii) Express the properties of linear broadside array. (6)
9. (i)Illustrate about the method of pattern multiplication. (7) BTL 3 Applying
(ii) Solve the expression for directions of pattern minima, (6)
pattern maxima, BWFN due to broad side array.
10. Examine how analog and digital beam forming is achieved (13) BTL 4 Analyzing
with an antenna array with a neat diagram.
11. (i)Analyze the working principle of phased array antenna (7)
BTL 4 Analyzing
with neat diagram.
(ii)Describe the radiation mechanisms of binomial array (6)
with neat sketches and derive the expression for array
factor.
12. Identify the direction of maximum and minimum radiation (13) BTL 4 Analyzing
from the resultant radiation of two identical radiators
which are spaced d = 3 λ/4 meters apart and fed with
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 currents of equal magnitude but with 180o phasedifference. www.rejinpaul.com
13. Summarize the characteristics, feeding methods, and (13) BTL 5 Evaluating
analytical evaluation of dielectric resonator antenna.
14. Generalise in detail about the construction and operation of (13)
BTL 6 Creating
active antennas.

PART - C
1. (i) Deduce the directivity of a given linear broadside, uniform (8) BTL 5 Evaluating
arrayof 10 isotropic elements with a separation of λ/4 between
the elements.
(ii) A linear broadside array consists of four equal isotropic in- (7)
phase point sources with λ/3 spacing. Construct the directivity
and beamwidth.
2. A uniform linear array consists of 16 isotropic point sources (15) BTL 5 Evaluating
with a spacing of λ/4.If the phase difference is -90o, Determine
the directivity, HPBW, beam solid angle and effective
apertures.
3. For an end fire consisting of several half wave length isotropic (15) BTL 6 Creating
radiator is to have a directive gain of 30o. Formulate the array
length and width of the major lobe. What will be these values
for a broadside array?
4. Elaborate in detail about the principle and operation of (15) BTL 6 Creating
frequency independent antennas.

UNIT IV - PASSIVE AND ACTIVE MICROWAVE DEVICES

Microwave Passive components: Directional Coupler, Power Divider, Magic Tee, attenuator,
resonator, Principles of Microwave Semiconductor Devices: Gunn Diodes, IMPATT diodes,
Schottky Barrier diodes, PIN diodes, Microwave tubes: Klystron, TWT, Magnetron.
PART - A
Q.No Questions BT Level Competence
1. Outline the features of power divider and write its properties. BTL 1 Remembering
Give some examples of power dividers.
2. Identify the use of matched termination in microwave BTL 1 Remembering
communication setup.
3. Draw the equivalent circuit of a Gunn diode. BTL 1 Remembering
4. Write the effect of transit time. BTL 1 Remembering
5. What are the differences between TWTA and klystron BTL 1 Remembering
amplifier?
6. List the basic parameters to measure the performance of a BTL 1 Remembering
directional coupler?
7. Summarize sum and difference arm of magic Tee. BTL 2 Understanding
8 Discuss about attenuator and resonator. BTL 2 Understanding
9. Summarize the condition for oscillation and applications in BTL 2 Understanding
reflex klystron.
10 Review the principle of Faraday’s rotation. BTL 2 Understanding
11 Demonstrate Gunn diode and list the modes. BTL 3 Applying
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 12 Exhibit the negative resistance property in Gunn diode. www.rejinpaul.com
BTL 3 Applying
13 Interpret about the Schottky barrier diodes. BTL 3 Applying
14 Examine the factors reducing the efficiency of IMPATT BTL 4 Analyzing
diode.
15 Categorize the applications of magic-Tee. BTL 4 Analyzing
16 Compare PIN and PN diode. BTL 4 Analyzing
17 Why magnetron is called as cross field device? BTL 5 Evaluating
18 Determinethepurpose of slow wave structures in TWT. BTL 5 Evaluating
19 Formulate the frequency pulling and frequency pushing in BTL 6 Creating
magnetrons.
20 Organize the various types of Tee used in microwave. BTL 6 Creating

PART - B
1. With neat diagram explain the operation of attenuatorsin (13) BTL 1 Remembering
detail.
2. Show the operation and properties of power divider. Derive (13) BTL 1 Remembering
their S parameters.
3. (i)With the help of a neat diagram describethe magic Tee (7) BTL 1 Remembering
working principle.
(ii)Find scattering matrix and applications ofmagic Tee. (6)
4. (i)Write notes on high frequency limitations of conventional (7) BTL 1 Remembering
vacuum devices.
(ii)What are the characteristics of travelling wave tube? (6)
5. (i)From the first principles derive the scattering matrix of a (7) BTL 2 Understanding
multi hole directional coupler.
(ii)Infer the characteristics of directional coupler in terms of (6)
S parameters and explain in detail two hole
directionalcoupler.
6. (i)Discuss the working principle of reflex klystron oscillator (7) BTL 2 Understanding
with necessary diagrams.
(ii)Derive velocity modulation, transit time of reflex klystron (6)
oscillator.
7. (i)Summarize the power output mode curve/frequency (7) BTL 2 Understanding
characteristics of reflex klystron.
(ii)Draw the equivalent circuit and obtain the electronic (6)
spiral curve of reflex klystron.
8. With neat diagrams, explain the operation of transmission (13) BTL 3 Applying
line resonators and its application.
9. Demonstrate theSchottky barrier diodes and its application in (13) BTL 3 Applying
microwave communication.
10. Illustrate with interaction region diagram the mechanism of (13) BTL 3 Applying
operation of TWT amplifier, its applications and the
expression for the gain of a TWT.
11. Analyze in detail about PIN diodes, control circuits and its (13) BTL 4 Analyzing
applications.
12. Discuss the working principle of Gunn diode as a transferred (13) BTL 4 Analyzing
electron device with two valley model, Also draw the
structure, equivalent circuit and V-I characteristics of Gunn
diode.

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 13. (i)What are avalanche transit time devices? Explain thewww.rejinpaul.com
(7) BTL 5 Evaluating
operation and construction of IMPATT diode.
(ii)Explain mechanism of oscillation of IMPATT and as (6)
power amplifier.
14. Elaborate the following : BTL 6 Creating
(i) T-junction power divider. (7)
(ii) Wilkinson power divider. (6)

PART - C
1. Assess the working principle and operation of dielectric (15) BTL 5 Evaluating
resonators and excitation of resonators,
2. Interpret the concept of Circulator? With neat diagram, explain (15) BTL 5 Evaluating
the working principle, construction, operation of four port
circulator using magic-tee. Verify the circulator theory with
necessary S-parameter equations.
3. With neat diagram, discuss the characteristics of series Tee and (15) BTL 6 Creating
shunt Tee and derive the S matrix.
4. Develop the cross sectional view of magnetron tube and explain (15) BTL 6 Creating
how bunching occurs with equations of electron trajectory and
derive the expression for Hull cut-off voltage.

UNIT V - MICROWAVE DESIGN PRINCIPLES

Impedance transformation, Impedance Matching, Microwave Filter Design, RF and
Microwave Amplifier Design, Microwave Power amplifier Design, Low Noise Amplifier
Design, Microwave Mixer Design, Microwave Oscillator Design

PART - A
Q.No Questions BT Level Competence
1. Define Impedence matching. BTL 1 Remembering
2. Identify the Kuroda equivalent circuit in RF filter design BTL 1 Remembering
3. Quote the definition of RF and Microwave filter BTL 1 Remembering
4. List out the need for impedence matching BTL 1 Remembering
5. Define the stub matching technique used in transmission lines BTL 1 Remembering
6. Mention how the reactance of the input and output of a Quarter BTL 1 Remembering
wave line can be neutralized
7. Give the basic idea of coupled line filters. BTL 2 Understanding
8. Explain the concept of mixers with neat diagram BTL 2 Understanding
9. Summarize the major components used in the mixer design. BTL 2 Understanding
10. Explain the various methods used for impedence matching BTL 2 Understanding
11. Write down the disadvantages of single stub matching. BTL 3 Applying
12. Construct the filter realization steps in RF filter design BTL 3 Applying
13. Develop a short note on GUNN diode oscillator BTL 3 Applying
14. Find the disadvantages of double stub matching. BTL 4 Analyzing
15. Compare single stub matching and double stub matching BTL 4 Analyzing
16. Explore the need for stub tuner matched amplifiers BTL 4 Analyzing
17. Recommend the various RF oscillators currently being used in BTL 5 Evaluating
the amplifier design
18. Compare the diode and FET mixer design with neat diagram. BTL 5 Evaluating

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 19. Elaborate the definition of noise voltage and noise figure www.rejinpaul.com
BTL 6 Creating
20. Discuss the stability requirements in RF amplifier design BTL 6 Creating

PART – B
1. Describe the characteristics of amplifier and Examine the (13) BTL 1 Remembering
transducer power gain, unilateral power gain, available
power gain and operating power gain of a microwave
amplifier using S parameters
2. Label the expression for unilateral power gain with (13) BTL 1 Remembering
necessary signal flow diagram.
3. Identify the expression for input stability circle equation and (13) BTL 1 Remembering
output stability equation.
4. List out the concepts of single stub and double stub matching (13) BTL 1 Remembering
networks.
5. Summarize the unconditional stability and the tests to (13) BTL 2 Understanding
conclude the same.
6. Describe the input and output stability circles in the (13) BTL 2 Understanding
complex ГL and ГS planes, also derive the condition for
Unconditional stability.
7. Interpret the steps involved to design a low noise amplifier (7) BTL 2 Understanding
Distinguish power match and noise match in a Low Noise (6)
Amplifier.
8. Demonstrate the various types of mixers with its principle of (6) BTL 3 Applying
operation
Examine the following parameters of Conversion gain, (7)
Linearity and isolation of a mixer.
9. Apply the smith chart approach to design the L-section and (13) BTL 3 Applying
T-section matching Networks
10. Calculate the parameters for LC network to match source (13) BTL 3 Applying
impedance Zs=50+j25Ω to the load ZL=25-j50Ω.Assume
Zo=50Ω; f=2GHz. Use smith chart.
11. A MESFET operated at 5.7GHz ha the following S (13) BTL 4 Analyzing
parameters: S11=0.5∟-60°, S12=0.02∟0°, S21=6.5∟115°
and S22=0.6∟-35°. Determine if the circuit is
unconditionally stable. Analyze the maximum power gain
under optimal choice of reflection coefficients, assuming
unilateral design (S12=0).
12. Explain single stub and double stub matching network in (13) BTL 4 Analyzing
detail.
13. Evaluate the smith chart approach to design the L-section (13) BTL 5 Evaluating
and T-section matching Networks.
14. Generalize the procedure for designing a two component (13) BTL 6 Creating
matching networks and also explain about forbidden regions,
frequency response and quality factor.

PART - C
1. An RF amplifier has the following S parameters: S11=0.3∟- (15) BTL 5 Evaluating
70°, S21=3.5∟85°, S12=0.2∟-10°, S22=0.4∟-45°. Further
Vs=5V∟0°, Zs=40Ω and ZL=73Ω. Assuming Zo=50Ω.
Evaluate GT, GTU, GA and G. Also find Power delivered to the

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 load PL, available power from source PA and incident powerwww.rejinpaul.com
to
amplifier Pinc.
2. Assess a low pass filter with cut off frequency of 200 MHz and (15) BTL 5 Evaluating
attenuation of 50 dB at 250 MHz. The flatness of the filter
response is not a design consideration. Choose the filter
implementation that requires the least number of components.
3. Estimate the 8dB gain circle of the transistor with the following (15) BTL 6 Creating
S parameters at 1GHz. S11=0.46∟-97°, S12=0.06∟-22°,
S21=7.1∟112° and S22= 0.57 ∟-48°.
4. Develop a balanced broadband amplifier and discuss the theory (15) BTL 6 Creating
behind the operation of couplers and power dividers with neat
diagrams

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