DESIGN OF GREEN EMERGENCY HOUSING FOR CALAMITY

Philippine public infrastructure lags many years behind other countries, especially with its Asian
neighbors. Given the country’s susceptibility to damaging natural disasters, this may be an excellent
opportunity for the country to enhance its disaster preparedness when it comes to evacuation shelters.
This paper presents transient evacuation centers as the best emergency shelter suited for victims of
calamities. A modular design was conceptualize which allows expansion and subdivides structures into
multiple units for easy relocation as requirements change. “Eco-friendly construction, using recycled
container vans, is utilized for simple assembly and installation. Solar electricity was also included in the
system. The layouts were based on hypothetical available land area based on typical land areas allotted
by local government.” Introducing an alternative shelter using used container vans is achievable, more
economical compared to conventional concrete structure, and easier to install and dismantle. The
establishment of the said emergency shelter was suggested as these would enhance the country’s ability
to establish an immediate but acceptable evacuation shelter for displaced citizens of the community.

The area of dasmarinas, cavite in the philippines is known for nearby tragedies such as
earthquakes, typhoons, volcanic eruptions and today we are close to the flood problem which has taken
the lives of the cavitenos. These tragedies have had a devastating effect as many families have lost basic
necessities, such as food and homelessness to protection in future disasters, sometimes without
transportation due to the spread of the covid-19 virus, if so it is difficult before helping those affected by
the tragedy. so here comes the value of having an emergency evacuation center in such
crisis.Emergency evacuation centers are a required aspect of any recognized crisis operations plan.
When an urgent situation arises and these shelters are needed, the general public expects that officials
have thoroughly planned their implementation process.

It states “to provide relief in times of disasters and to carry on measures to minimize the
suffering caused by them.” Disaster preparedness is one of the major components of its program that
aims to prepare especially the vulnerable communities in the event of calamities. Whenever there are
natural calamities, affected families flock school buildings and multi-purpose gymnasiums or halls even
churches that are used as evacuation centers. The economic and social costs of using school buildings
and open space structures as evacuation centers are just too high. School classes are hampered to give
way to families seeking refuge. But these facilities are not normally intended for such purposes for an
extended period of time as the rebuilding of the stricken communities takes time. Situations in these
types of emergency facilities are horrible and we usually see people stripped of their dignity.

MODULAR FABRICATED AND RECYCLABLE MATERIALS

This paper intends to present new architectural typologies which can offer solutions to reduce
waste generated in construction. Applied at the early stage of the design process, disassembly concepts
and prefabricated and modular systems address the issue of housing shortage, while opening the
discussion about recyclable architectural concepts. Prefabricated architecture is not new, and the
aspects of history in which it was most relevant often reflect today’s circumstances. Architects,
engineers and contractors need to improve their understanding of the history and pragmatics of
prefabrication so that they can effectively develop and implement these methods in architectural
production. The concept of recyclable architecture has remained essential to the evolution of
architectural knowledge. This paper contributes to the current body of knowledge by providing a deep
insight into prefabrication and modular typologies leading towards the Recyclable Architecture.

The concepts of modularity, disassembly, reuse, and recycling in construction are presented for
a better understanding of the history of prefabrication. Modular methods are closed systems in which
elements are prefabricated independently for a specific building. In addition, the modules can be
assembled into complete entities by combining them in several different ways Disassembly is a process
in which a product is separated into its components and/or subassemblies by nondestructive or semi
destructive operations. Reuse is the use of components and modules obtained from the end-of-life
products as replacement parts. Recycling is the recovery of materials from end-of-life waste products.

Prefabrication is a method of producing components offsite in a factory and then assembling

them onsite. It challenges architecture, bringing up the question of the authorship of a concept and
singularity, and requires knowledge of production and construction methods. If architecture could suit
these requirements and succeed, a difference could be made to the quality of the built environment. It
has been found that prefabrication increases the safety and quality of construction while reducing the
time, cost, material waste and the impact on the environment.

The outcomes, the projects of the architectural typologies developed during this research, are
intended to be implemented in cities or regions where there is a need for new construction to provide
houses offering shared and public spaces while enabling the adaptation to social needs, while reducing
the use of natural resources and waste generated. Prefabrication is evolutionary, not revolutionary. The
solutions to problems are discovered through practice and failure, which leads to an understanding of
what works or not. Prefabrication can be a tool by which architecture can impact the built environment,
most significantly the housing. The offsite manufacturing processes can offer greater accuracy, shorter
construction times, safer working conditions, better value, promote recycling and reduce waste.
Although prefabrication can reduce waste materials, it gives no clear indication about the environmental
impact of materials used in construction. Prefabrication seems to be a viable solution for buildings to be
easily disassembled and reused as industrial supplies.