Vice and Drug Education Control (Module 1) : Trina Valerie D. Merencillo Part-Time Instructor

Vice and Drug Education Control
[Module 1]
Trina Valerie D. Merencillo

Part-time Instructor
College of Arts and Sciences

Bachelor of Science in Criminology
2021
VISION
A provide of relevant and quality education to a
society where citizens are competent, skilled,
dignified and community- oriented.
MISSION
An academic institution providing technological,
professional, research and extension programs to
form principled men and women of competencies
and skills responsive to local and global
development needs.
QUALITY POLICY
Northwest Samar State University commits to
provide quality outcomes-based education,
research, extension and production through
continual improvement of all its programs, thereby
producing world class professionals.
CORE VALUES
Resilience. Integrity. Service. Excellence.
INSTITUTIONAL GRADUATE OUTCOMES

Creative and critical thinkers
Life-long learners
Effective communicators
Morally and socially upright individuals
About the Author
Trina Valerie D. Merencillo is a Graduate of Bachelor of Science in

Criminology at Northwest Samar State University – Main Campus on May 29,
2019. She took and passed the Criminology Licensure Examination on
December 2019. She’s also a regular bonafide member of the Professional
Criminologist Association of the Philippines, Inc.
To end with, she is currently handling the subjects CRIM 203, CRIM 304, CA 3
and CDI 7 as a part-time instructor at Northwest Samar State University – San
Jorge Campus.
Rationale
The term Drug Abuse most often refers to the use of a drug with which such
frequency that it causes physical or mental harm to the user or impairs social functioning.
Although the term seems to imply that users abuse the drugs they take in fact, it is themselves
or others they abuse by using drugs.
The primary purpose of drug education and vice control is to exhaust its resources in
educating people especially the youth on the harmful effects of dangerous drugs and other
prohibited vices. Detecting drug user is not an easy task. The signs and symptoms of drug
abuse, especially in the beginning stages can be identical to those produced by conditions
having nothing whatsoever to do with drugs.
It is always necessary to exercise certain prudence before drawing conclusions. Some
judgements may only hurt the individual; if he is innocent and one mat lose his love and trust.
Only after observing calmly and patiently his behaviour, appearance and associations, may
one pass judgment and act.
The prime objective of an effective drug abuse prevention program is to exert
concerted efforts to fight the spreading tentacles of this menace.
Course Code: CDI 7

Course Title: Vice and Drug Education Control
Course Description:
This course studies the Drug Abuse Prevention and Education Program of
the government that includes recognition, nature and extent of drug problems; cause and
influence of drug abuse; origin, identification and classification of commonly abused drugs,
prohibited and regulated drugs and symptoms of drug abuse. This course also includes
preventive drug abuse education and information program in schools and communities; and
treatment and rehabilitation program for drug dependent.
Course Outcomes:
At the end of the course, your students must be able to:

1. Explain the historical perspective of drug abuse,and discussthe different forms
of vices and the importance of its studyin the society and environment as a
whole.
2. Articulate the impacts and influences of drug abuse to a person who has lost
the power of self control in respect to drugs.
3. Illustrate how drugs are being administered and analyze the concepts of
treatment and rehabilitation approach as applied to drug dependents.
4. Imbibe and/or digest the impact and importance of the different interventions
or approaches in solving drug problems and other crimes related to drugs.
Course Content:
As explained above, CDI 7 introduces students the concept, theories, principles and
practice, discusses the functions to come up interventions addressing problems.
The table below shows the outline of the topics to be discussed in the lecture per week
vis-à-vis the course outcomes. It is designed based on the course syllabus approved by the
college Dean in the College of Arts and Sciences.
Course Learning Date of

Week Topics Assessment
Outcomes Submission
1 Explain the historical Module 1 - Introduction
perspective of drug abuse, I. Overview and historical Pencil and 2nd week of
and possess knowledge perspective of Drug Abuse paper test August
about the organized crime A. History of Drug Abuse and
group behind the global Addiction in the Philippines.
drug scene and the B. The Global Drug Situation Essay 4rth week
different forms of vices C. The Organized Crime Group of August
and the importance of its Behind the Global Drug Scene
study that explains the D. Vice- It’s Definition and
effect in the society and Control
environment as a whole. 1. Vice, Defined
2. Different Forms of Vices
3. Importance of the Study
of Vice
2 Articulate the impacts and Module 2 – Drugs: Their Sources,

influences of drug abuse to Classification, and Effects 2nd week of
a person who has lost the II. Drug, Defined September
power of self control in A. Seven Categories of Drugs
respect to drugs. B. Classification of Drugs
C. Dangerous Drugs 4th week of
D. Characteristics of Drug September
Dependency
E. Characteristics of Drug
Addiction
F. Characteristics of Drug
Habituation
3 Illustrate how drugs are Module 3–Administration,
being administered and Indicators of Drugs and Treatment
analyze the concepts of of Drug Dependent
treatment and III.
rehabilitation approach as A. How Drugs are being

applied to drug administered/ taken
dependents. B. Drug Detection
C. Identification and Examination
of Dangerous Drugs.
D. Indicators for Drug Testing:
“Reasonable Suspicion”
E. Reasons Why People Turn to
Drugs
F. Treatment and Rehabilitation
of Drug Dependents
4 Imbibe and/or digest the Module 4- Approaches to the Drug

impact and importance of Problem
the different interventions IV.
or approaches in solving A. Law Enforcement Approach
drug problems and other B. Dangerous Drug Board (DDB)
crimes related to drugs. C. Philippine Drug Enforcement
D. The Five Pillars of Action
E. Rules in Narcotics Operation
F. Comprehensive Dangerous
Drugs Act of 2002
G. Other Crimes Related to Drugs
Course Requirements:
In general, the requirements of CDI 7 are as follows:
 Case Analysis
 Case Study
Grading Criteria:
Requirement/Assessment Task Percentage
Major Course Output 50%
Major Exams 30%
Class Standing 20%
TOTAL 100%
Course Materials:
 Rubrics
 Course policies
References:
Apela, R.N.&, Estellero, R.E., (2020) VICEAND DRUG EDUCATION CONTROL; Quezon City; WISEMAN’S
BOOKS TRADING, INC.
Dascil, A.M. & Santos, R.Q., (2020) VICE AND DRUG EDUCATION CONTROL; Quezon City;WISEMAN’S
BOOK TRADING, INC.
Module 1
Module Title: INTRODUCTION TO DRUGS AND VICES
Module Outcomes:
Explain the historical perspective of drug abuse, and possess knowledge about
the organized crime group behind the global drug scene and the different forms of
vices and the importance of its study that explains the effect in the society and
environment as a whole.
Module Requirements:
At the end of this module, the students will come up a case study analysis
Learning Plan
Let’s Get Started:

As a starter to our lesson, below are list of questions that need to be answered with thorough
analysis and reflection. Write your answers on the space provided.
1. What is Drug Abuse?

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
2. What is a drug and where it came from?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
3. What is vice?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
Let’s Find Out:

1. History of drug abuse
2. World’s Drug Scene
3. The Organized Crime Groups the world’s drug behind scene
4. Different kinds of vices
[Course Code]: [Course Title] Page 1 of 32
Let’s Read:
LESSON 1
HISTORY OF DRUG ABUSE
The Holy Bible is a very reliable source in tracing the early use and abuse of
narcotics. The Book of Judges of the Old Testament revealed that the mighty Samson was put
to sleep by Delilah by means of a drug-laced wine before cutting his hair, the source of his
strength, and subsequently gouged his eyes before the feasting Philistines already “high
spirited” with narcotics mixed with intoxicants. There are also many allusions of drug abuse
in the old cities of Sodom and Gamorrah, which might have led to the widespread of adultery,
bestiality and incest (Sotto, 1994)
Ancient Greek and Roman Literature likewise are replete with stories alluding to
drug abuse, as in the lamentable and tragic romance of Mark Anthony and Cleopatra.
Cleopatra. In desperation over her disprized love drank a narcotic-laden wine before
allowing herself bitten to death by a poisonous asp from the River Nile. Even the practice of
oracles and black magic during the Roman ancient times were believed to be accomplished
by narcotics. (Sotto, 1994)
Historians credited that marijuana (Cannabis Sativa) is the world’s oldest cultivated
plant started by the Incas of Peru. Peruvian and Mexican Incas have also common practice
to use the coca leaves during religious offering ceremonies. It was also known that marijuana
was a “sacred tree” in the belief of the Assyrians being used during religious rituals-some
9,000 year B.C. The use of marijuana is also deeply ingrained in the cultures of many
countries such as India, Jamaica, Morocco, Nepal, Mexico and Peru (Sotto, 1994).
The first reference of introduction was in Northern Iran as an intoxicant. And from
there it spread throughout India by the Hindus used for religious rituals in the belief that it is
a source of Happiness “laughter provoker”. The word “hashis” (resin) of the marijuana
plant was derived from the name of Hasan or Hashasin, the muslim cult leader who fed his
disciples a preparation made from resin of the female hemp plant as a reward for their
successful activities in assassinations.

American Indians too are believed to use not only the stimulant tobacco but also
opium in their peace pipes in order to “narcotize” an oppositionist to their common
objectives (Sotto, 1994).
Knowledge on the opium poppy plant (Papaver Somniferum) goes back about 7000
years B.C. cultivated and prepared by the Sumerians. Even the ancient Greek physician
Hippocrates, the Father of medicine, prescribed the juice of the white poppy plant as early as
5,000 B.C in the belief that it can cure illness both internal and external use. The plant was
first harvested in Mesopotamia and its use spread throughout the neighbouring
Mediterranean areas, then to Asia. From there, it was introduced to Persia, India, China by
the Arab came Caravans (Dungo, 1998)
Opium was used in China was stemmed out from India and became widespread in the
19th Century. From Middle East, the plant cultivated in India, Pakistan, and Afghanistan.
Five centuries later, An Opium trade between China and Portuguese merchants
became a lucrative business. The British took over the trade from the Portuguese and
established the Opium Trade Monopoly through the British East Indies Company.
In an attempt to stop the extremely high rate of opium addiction in China, Emperor
Yung Chen prohibited the smoking of Opium and attempted to close ports for its importation.
This triggered the “opium war” of 1840 which induced China to accept British sponsored
opium trade and forced to sign a treaty permitting the importation of opium into China after
her defeat.
It was in 1806 that a German pharmacist in the name of Friedrich W. Serturner

discovered Morphine, the first derivative of opium. He called this new drug as “Morphium”
and later changed to Morphine after the Greek God of dream, Morpheus. This was the first
attempt to cure opium addiction. But morphine addictive properties became prominence
during the American Civil War vast numbers of American soldiers became addicted to the
drugs- so much so that morphine addiction became known as “soldiers Disease”.
The second attempt of treating opium and morphine addiction started in 1896 when
Heroin (Diacetylmorphine), synthesized from drug morphine, was discovered by a British
Chemist in the name of Alder Wright. It was called the “miracle drug” because it is believed
that it can cure both opium and morphine addiction. It was named after the word “hero” due
to its impressive power. So physicians began to use heroin but it became a substitution of one
addiction to another. It turns out later that heroin is the most addictive of all drugs.
Meanwhile, codeine, the third derivative of opium was discovered in France while in
the process of discovering other drugs that could cure opium, morphine and heroin addiction
but it also ended in the same tragic result. Today, it is widely used as an ingredient in most
cough syrup.
There are course other historical events that would reveal drug abuse in the history of
man, the greatest influence of the modern medical practice today. In fact, physicians all over
the world still consider narcotics as the most effective pain reliever (Sotto, 1994)
HISTORY OF DRUG ABUSE AND ADDICTION IN THE PHILIPPINES
Very little known about drugs in the Philippines during the pre- Spanish era. The
intoxicants and stimulants used by the early Filipinos were fermented alcoholic beverages
and the masticatory preparation known as “nga-nga” in vernacular. Narcotics, including
Marijuana, were not in the list of vices in the country that time. The opium poppy plant and
the coca bush were absent in the Philippines vegetation prior to 1521.
During the Spanish era, drug control laws prohibited the use of opium by the native
Filipinos and other people except the Chinese. Chinese residents in the Philippines
particularly in manila and of the more distant Chinese pariahs (ghettos) started smoking
opium in 1780. As a vice, it is not widespread and was particularly accepted and tolerated by
the authorities. In 1844, the Spanish colonial government laid down an opium monopoly,
which entitled the importation by the Spanish government and its sale to Chinese users. At
this period, opium smoking become widespread among Chinese as its use was forbidden to
Indians, mestizos and the Filipinos. This compromise policy lasted up to 1896, a period of
revolt and insurrection.
The Americans took over the rule of the country, and after establishing a civil
government in 1901, a systematic survey was conducted and it was found out that there were
190 joints where the Chinese smoke opium. It was observed that the habit had not yet gained

foothold among Filipinos. In 1906, partial legislation allowed Chinese addicts to obtain a
license to use opium in their homes for a fee of P5.00. Then opium sale was under the
government control and the quality was limited.
In 1908, the total ban of opium was affected. The campaign continued until the
Japanese occupation in 1946, at which point all supplies of opium were cut off from the
country and during that period the number of opium addicts was probably the lowest in Asia.
In 1953, Republic Act No. 953 was enacted which provided for the registration of
collection, and the imposition of fixed and special taxes upon all person who produce,
import, manufacture, compound, deal-in, dispense, sell, distribute, or give away opium,
marijuana, opium poppies, or coca leaves or any synthetic drugs which may declared as
habit forming. The law also declared as a matter of national policy, the prohibition of the
cultivation of marijuana and opium poppy.
Sometime in 1955, the marijuana plant was introduced in Pasay city by foreigner for
purpose of producing “reefers”. These was sold in taverns in Pasay City and introduced into
elite schools in the same area. The PC Criminal Investigation on January 08, 1959 conducted
the first marijuana raid in Pasay City when several potted marijuana plants were seized.
The Philippines has been relatively heroin-free until the early 60’s when small heroin
laboratories opened in Manila. In 1963, new trend appear. There was a waning of opium
addiction among the Chinese but a concurrent increase among the Filipinos, just the latter
contributed 63 percent of the total arrest from drug offences.
Recognizing the deleterious effect of drug abuse on the health and well-being of the
Filipino youth and the threat that it poses to national security, then President Ferdinand
Marcos signed into law Republic Act No. 6425 known as the “ dangerous drug act of 1972”
on march 30, 1972. This law which was amended by Presidential Decree No. 44, dated
November 9, 1972 placed under control not only narcotics by also psychotropic substance.
On November 14 1972, the dangerous drug board was organized to provide leadership,
direction and coordination in the effective implementation of R.A 6425. By early 1974,
addiction to opiates and barbiturates had almost disappeared among the native population.
During the period 1975-1980 the cultivation of marijuana increased and became
geographically widespread, thus the pattern of drug taking involved marijuana, abused of
pharmaceuticals products (especially cough syrup) and the inhalation of solvents. There was

very little trafficking of heroin, cocaine and LSD and non-availability of narcotic drugs made
the prices sour beyond the reach of Filipino drug abusers.
THE GLOBAL DRUG SITUATION
Drug abuse has become not only a national issue or a problem of just a few countries
but it is a clear and present global danger.
Today, highly entrenched, well-organized drug syndicates are behind this menace.
They employ the most advanced and most sophisticated technology coupled with unlimited
financial resources at their command and disposal. Police agencies around the world,
pooling their resources together are more often than not, the losers in game of hide-and-seek
with the international drug syndicates (Sotto, 1994)
A. The 1st Important Drug Traffic Route

Middle East- discovery, plantation, cultivation, and harvest
Turkey- preparation for distribution
Europe- manufacture, synthesis, refine
U.S. – Marketing
B. The 2nd Major Drug Traffic Route

a. Drug that originates from the Golden Triangle
Burma/Myanmar
Laos Thailand

b. Drugs that originates from the Golden Crescent
- Iran
- Afghanistan
- Pakistan
- India
C. World’s Drug Scene

1. Southeast Asia – “the golden triangle” approximately produce 60 % of opium in the
world, 90% of opium in the eastern part of Asia. It is also the officially acknowledge
source of Southeast Asian Heroin.
2. Southwest Asia-“the golden crescent “is the major supplier of opium poppy, marijuana,
and heroin product in the western part of Asia. It produces at least 85%-90% of all elicit
heroin channelled in the drug underworld market.
3. Middle East- the Becka Valley of Lebanon is the biggest producer of cannabis in the
Middle East. Lebanon also considered as the transit country for cocaine from South
America to European Markets.
4. Spain- major transhipment point for International drug traffickers in Europe- known as
“the paradise of drug users in Europe”.
5. South America- Columbia, Peru, Uruguay, and Panama are the sources of all cocaine
supply in the world.
6. Morocco- the number one producer of cannabis in the world. (2003-2006)
7. Philippines- in the major transhipment point for the worldwide distribution of illegal
drugs such as shabu, and cocaine from Taiwan and South America. The second world’s
supplier of MJ and the Drug Paradise of Drug Abuser in Asia.
8. India- centre of the world’s drug map, leading to rapid addiction among its people.
9. Indonesia- Northern Sumatra as traditionally been the main cannabis growing area in
Indonesia. Bali, Indonesia is an important transit point for drugs in route to Australia
and New Zealand.
10. Singapore, Malaysia, and Thailand- the most favourable cites of drugs distribution from
the “golden triangle” and the other parts of Asia.
11. China- the transit route for heroine from “golden triangle” to H.K.
12. Hongkong- the world’s transhipment point of all forms of heroin.

13. Japan- the major consumer of cocaine and shabu from U.S. and Europe.
D. THE ORGANIZED CRIME GROUP BEHIND THE GLOBAL DRUG SCENE
1. COLUMBIAN MEDILLIN CARTEL

The Columbian Medellin Cartel- was a powerful and highly
organized Colombian drug cartel and terrorist-type criminal organization originating in the
city of Medellin, Colombia that was founded and led by Pablo Escobar.
The drug cartel operated from 1972 to 1993 in Bolivia, Colombia, Panama, Central
America, Peru, the United States (which included cities such as Los Angeles and Miami), as
well as in Canada. Although the organization started out as a smuggling network in the early
1970s, it wasn't until 1976 that the organization turned to trafficking cocaine.
At the height of its operations, the Medellin Cartel smuggled multiple tons of cocaine
each week into countries around the world and brought in up to US$60 million daily in drug
profits. Although notorious for once dominating the illegal cocaine trade, the organization,
particularly in its later years was also noted for its use of violence for political aims and
its asymmetric war against the Colombian government, primarily in the form of bombings,
kidnappings, indiscriminate murder of law enforcement and political assassination.
At its height, the Medellin Cartel was the largest drug cartel in the world and smuggled
three times as much cocaine as their main competitor, the Cali Cartel, an international drug-
trafficking organization based in the Valle del Cauca department of Colombia. At this time,
the Medellin Cartel was generating over $20 billion annually.
SUMMARY:
Founded by Pablo Escobar †
Founding location Medellin, Antioquia Department, Colombia
Years active 1972 –1993
Territory Colombia (Antioquia), Panamá, California, New York

City, Florida, Norman's Cay
Ethnicity Colombians and international people out of Colombia.
Leader(s) Pablo Escobar
Jose Gonzalo Rodriguez Gacha
Juan David Ochoa Brothers
Criminal Drug trafficking, arms trafficking, bombing, terrorism,

activities assassinations, intimidation, kidnapping, extortion, money laundering
THE PROFILE OF COLUMBIAN MEDELLIN CARTEL LEADERS
Pablo Escobar
Escobar in a 1976 mugshot
Born Pablo Emilio Escobar Gaviria
1 December 1949
Rionegro, Antioquia, Colombia

Died 2 December 1993 (aged 44)
Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia
Cause of death Gunshot wound to the head
Don Pablo (Sir Pablo)

Other names
 El Padrino (The Godfather)

 El Patrón (The Boss)
 Matar Pablo (Killing Pablo)
 The King of Cocaine
 The King of Crack
 Paisa Robin Hood
Conviction(s) Illegal drug trade, assassinations, bombing, bribery, racketeering, murder
Criminal Five years' imprisonment

penalty
José Gonzalo Rodríguez Gacha
Picture of Rodriguez Gacha
Born José Gonzalo Rodríguez Gacha

14 May 1947
Pacho, Colombia
Died December 15, 1989 (aged 42)
Tolú, Colombia
Cause of death Multiple Gunshot wounds to the head and torso
Nationality Colombian
Other names El Mexicano (The Mexican)
Criminal status Deceased
Jorge Luis Ochoa Vásquez
Born Jorge Luis Ochoa Vázquez
September 30, 1950 (age 70)
Medellín, Colombia
Criminal status Turned in - Released by decree
Spouse(s) María Lía Posada Echeverri[1]
Criminal Drug trafficking

Charge
Fabio Ochoa Vásquez
Fabio Ochoa Vasquez, Medellin Cartel Associate
Born Fabio Ochoa Vásquez
May 2, 1957 (age 64)
Medellin, Colombia
Criminal status In prison in the United States
Criminal Drug trafficking

charge
Penalty 30 years in prison
2. CALI CARTEL
The Cali Cartel- the downfall of the Columbian Medellin Cartel is the rise of the Cali
Cartel- newly emerged cocaine monopoly.

Gilberto Rodriguez Orajuela- better known as “Don Chepe”- “the Chess Player”
heads the syndicated organization. Under him, the Cali Cartel was considered as the most
powerful criminal organization in the world. The Cartel produces over 90% of cocaine in the
world. Due to this huge production, it was called the best and brightest of the modern
underworld. They are Professionals of highest order, intelligent, efficient, imaginative and
nearly impenetrable.
Gilberto Rodríguez Orejuela
Gilberto Rodríguez Orejuela
Born Gilberto José Rodríguez Orejuela
January 30, 1939 (age 82)

Mariquita, Tolima, Colombia
Other names "El Ajedrecista" (The Chess Player)
Criminal Imprisoned at FCC Butner

status
Conviction(s) Conspiracy to import 5kg or more of cocaine.

Conspiracy to engage in money laundering
Criminal 30 years (360 months) for conspiracy to import cocaine

penalty 7.25 years (87 months) for money laundering, sentences to
run concurrently.
Forfeiture of $2.1 billion in assets.

3. The Chinese Triad – the Chinese Triad also called

the Chinese Mafia is the oldest and biggest criminal
organization in the world. It is believed to be the
controller of the “Golden Triangle” with
international connections on drug trafficking. The
Chinese Triad is also referred to as “the black
societies”. Called themselves Triads because of
their highly ritualistic use of numerology- a belief in
magical significance of numbers. The number 3
multiplies of 3 were accorded major importance of this group. The symbol triad societies
are depicted by an equilateral triangle representing 3 Chinese concepts of heaven, earth,
and man.
LESSON 2
VICES AND ITS DEFINITION AND CONTROL
Vice
Vice refers to any immoral conduct or habit, the indulgence of which leads to depravity,
wickedness or corruption.
It is worthy to know that vices are generally thoughts of habit or behaviors that, at best,
unacceptable, and it their worst… immoral. Yet there those vices that had become so
commonplace that we’ve ceased to recognized them such, depending on the culture you live
in.
Importance of the Study Of Vice
The importance of studying vice are as follows:
1. It is important because its evil effects are more disastrous, morally and physically that of
other crime.
2. It important because vice effect the daily lives of many people.
3. It is important because its existence causes a serious problem in law enforcement.
4. It is important because commercialized vise disrupts the social make-up of the community.

SMOKING
Take, for example, smoking. Half a century

ago it wasn’t at all unusual for Americans to
smoke everywhere-in and out of doors on
airplanes, at the dinner table, etc… Today, our
culture has change due to primarily to our
understanding of its effect on our health, thus, we
no longer see the kind of smoking that has once
very common.
Yet it seems that the history of smoking and

the presence of tobacco in the West go back in centuries. Apparently, men and women have
enjoyed smoking as long as there’s been something to smoke.
COFFEE
Coffee first arrived in Europe

via Italy. More specifically, it came to
Venice from the Middle East and
quickly spread throughout Europe. It
got a huge promotional boost in 1600
when the pope decreed coffee to be a
drink for Christians by the end of the
17th century, coffee houses has spread
like wild fire, including in places such
a Leipzig , Germany where they are
also popular venues for musical
performance.
It was this very setting that inspired Johann Sebastian Bach to compose his satirical
cantata “ schweigtstille, plaudertnicht,” better known as the “coffee cantata”, which tells of
a daughter’s addiction to coffee and his father’s frustration in trying to stop drinking it. In
the end he doesn’t really succeed in spite of his best effort.

DRINKING
Wine and spirits have been the libations of

choices for many a reveler, and drinking to
excess from the Middle Ages through the
present day.
ALCOHOL
Alcohol is colorless, tasteless clear liquid, which gives a burning sensation to the mouth,
esophagus and stomach. Like many drugs, alcohol is toxic. It can poison the human body if
taken in large amount or in combination of drugs. Alcohol is depressant not stimulants. There
are two kinds of alcohol- methyl and ethyl alcohol. Methyl alcohol is very poisonous and it is
not put in drinks but use in some industry. Ethyl alcohol is use in alcoholic drinks, which are
made by breweries.
TYPES OF DRINKERS
1. OCCATIONAL DRINKER- drinks on special occasions or uses alcohol as a home

remedy, take only a few drink per year.
2. FREQUENT DRINKER- drinks at parties and socials affairs. Intake of alcohol maybe
once a week or occasionally reaches three or four times per week, uses beverages to release
inhibitions and tensions.
3. REGULAR DRINKER- may drink daily or consistently on weekends, usually come from
cultural background where wine or beer is used with meals to enhance flavors of the food.
4. ALCOHOL DEPENDANT- drinks to have good time, excessive drinking occurs

occasionally but drinker may not become alcoholic.
5. ALCOHOLIC- has lost control of his use of alcohol. Alcohol assumes primary goal in his
life, even to the exclusion of physical health and interest of family and society in general.

MOTIVES FOR DRINKING
1. TRADITIONAL- Social and religious functions
2. STATUS- symbol of success or prestige
3. DIETARY- dining incomplete without wine, integral part of today’s way of “gracious
living”.
4. SOCIAL- release tensions and inhibitions so users can tolerate and enjoy another’s
company.
5. SHORTCUT TO ADULTHOOD- user ensures of maturity drinks to prove himself.
6. RITUAL- foster group feeling, cocktail parties, and toast made to bride, wishes for good
health.
7. PATH OF LEAST RESISTANCE- doesn’t want to drink but doesn’t want to abstain so
goes along with everyone else.
EFFECTS OF ALCOHOL ON THE BODY
When a person drinks alcohol, it passes down to the stomach. Here, unlike foods we
eat, it does not need to be digested or broken down by juice in the stomach. It is absorbed
easily into the blood stream and most of it stays in the blood. While in the blood stream, the
alcohol is carried around the body many times as the heart pumps blood through the vessels.
The alcohol stays in the blood and can only be passed out of the body through liver change it.
A healthy liver takes approximately one hour to change the alcohol in one bottle of beer.
While the liver is trying to remove the alcohol, the alcohol is having effects on body
functions.
THE BRAIN AND THE NERVOUS SYSTEM- the nerves are like telephone wires coming
out of the control system in the brain and spinal cord. They send and receive messages from
all parts of the body. Alcohol slows down the work of the brain cells and stop proper message
being sent to the rest of the body. Alcohol stops people behaving correctly to other people.
They may do whatever comes first to their minds they may say things that do not make sense
or behave rudely to others. They may also have feeling of increased personal or social
power. This is because their thinking is slowed down and not because it has sparked up. They
are less able to cope with situation where drinking is needed.

As the level of alcohol became higher in the blood, brain and nerve cells die from the
poisonous or toxic effect of the alcohol. Unlike other body cells, once the brain cell is
destroyed it can never replace. As more and more of these brain cells are destroyed from
repeated drinking over a period of years, a person’s thinking became cloudy. His feeling
about things has changed. Hangover is the word used to describe the terrible pain and
horrible effect, which follow a period of heavy drinking.
STOMACH AND INTESTINES- Alcohol damages stomach and intestine and make them
sore. This can cause a burning sensation, nausea and vomiting. Sometimes there is bleeding.
LIVER
a. The first thing the liver does is to turn part of the alcohol into fat. Some of these go into the
blood, but a lot build up in the liver cell. After drinking six(6) medium size glasses of beer
every day for a few days, fat is formed in the liver.
b. to cope with the extra work of getting rid of the alcohol, the liver becomes larger.
c. as the liver enlarges, the person get more used to the effect of the alcohol in the body. A
person can drink larger amount of alcohol without getting drunk. This effect is called
tolerance to alcohol however, the alcohol is still doing its damage.
e. while the liver enlarges, some of the cells are damage. The liver can become permanently
damage. As the alcohol poison the cell of the liver, they die. If many of these cells die, the
person may get what they called “ALCOHOLIC HEPATITIS”
f. scar tissue is formed where the liver cell die . This means the liver doesn’t work so well.
This is called “CIRRHOSIS”.
g. People with scarred liver can get a swollen abdomen, swollen feet and hands and may
bleeding from inside of the body. Waste build up in the body can give a yellow color to skin
and eyes (jaundice). This also affects the brain so that a person may become unconscious and
die
HEART AND MUSCLES alcohol affects the heart and other muscles so that they become
weaker and less effective. this makes people tired breathless.
BLOOD the activity of liver in trying to get rid of the alcohol results in many changes to the
blood – for example – blood sugar is lowered and blood fats are increased.

KIDNEYS alcohol decreased the ability of the kidneys to get rid of some waste products.
SEXUAL ACTIVITIES after the excessive use of alcohol, the ability to have satisfactory
sexual activity is decreased.
ALCOHOL EFFECT ON GENERAL BEHAVIOR
Drinking affects a person behavior. most of the changes are due to the effect of
alcohol on the brain and nerves. the effects of alcohol depend on how much there is in the
blood.
ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE
A person who drinks a lot can become dependent on alcohol. This means he cannot
live without it. If he tries to stop drinking, he will have the shivers, shakes and delirium and
hallucinations.
PREVENTION OD ALCOHOL PROBLEMS
Solely treating people with medications cannot control problem drinking and
alcoholism. Treatment should be coupled with proper education both in the schools and in
the adult community to develop the nation habits of moderation in the use of alcoholic
beverages. It requires investigation and testing of social policies on the control of the
distribution of alcohol as well as the effective implementation of these prevention policies.
GAMBLING is another one of those vices

that is, depending on who you talk to,
variously seen as a recreation, an outright
sin, or a distraction falling somewhere in
between the two.
also defined as the act or activity of betting

money, for example in card games or on horse racing or is a game or scheme wherein the
result of which depends wholly or chiefly upon chance or hazard.
CHANCE OF HAZARD,

is the uncertainty of the result of the game when the outcome of the game is incapable of
calculation by human reason, foresight, capacity or design.
WHAT IS PROSTITUTION?
is an act or practice of woman or engages or habitually

indulged in sexual intercourse for money or profit.
WHO IS DEEMED A PROSTITUTE?
is any woman who engages herself indiscriminate sexual intercourse or acts with males for
hire.
TYPES OF PROSTITUTE
The different types of prostitute:
1. CALL GIRL – this is a part-time of prostitute who have her own legitimate work of
profession, but works as prostitute to augment her income.
2. Hustler- a professional type of prostitute who works at the bar or tavern. She is also a
pick-up girl or a street walker.
3. Door Knocker- this is an occasional or selective type of prostitute who usually a new
comer in the business.
4. Factory Girl- this type of prostitute is a real professional type who works i regular house
of prostitution.
WHAT IS A WHORE OR KNOCKER?
It is the name often used for all types of prostitutes.
PIMP is one who provides gratification for others.
WHITE SLAVERY is the procurement and transportation of women across satellite for
immoral purpose.

Let’s Do This:
Below are the following assessments that need to be answered. Write your answers in a
separate sheet of paper.
Test I.
IDENTIFICATION: Write the correct answer, identify to which /what the statement is
pertaining to.
1. It is the hemp plant from which marijuana and hashish are derived.
2. During WW1 and WW2, the use of inject able morphine to ease pain of battle
casualties was so extensive that morphine addiction among veterans came to
be known as the?
3. An organized criminal organization which is composed of three countries
namely: Burma/ Myanmar, Laos, and Thailand.
4. An organized criminal organization which is composed of: Iran, Afghanistan,
Pakistan, and India.
5. A triad that approximately produced 60% of opium in the world, and 90% of
opium in the eastern part of Asia. It also the officially acknowledge source of
Southeast Asian Heroin.
6. it is introduced in the Golden Triangle and passes through nearby countries in
relatively small quantities through air transport while in transit to the United
States and European Countries.
7. It is the major supplier of opium poppy, marijuana, and heroin products in
Western part of Asia. It produces at least 85% to 90% of all illicit heroin
channels in the drug underworld market.
8. It is considered to be the biggest producer of Cannabis Sativa in the Middle
East.
9. It is known as the major transhipment point for international drug traffickers in
Europe, and d became the Paradise of Drug Users in Europe.
10. It is known in the world to be the number one producer of Marijuana.
11. It is second to Mexico as the production of Marijuana. it is akso became the
major transhipment point for the worldwide distribution of illegal drugd
particularly shabu, and cocaine from Taiwan and South America.
12. It is noted today as the drug paradise of drug abusers in Asia.

13. It is known as the centre of the world’s drug map, leading to the rapid drug
addiction among its people.
14. It is transit route for heroin from the golden triangle to Hongkong. It is also the
country where the epedra plant is cultivated- source drug of ephedrine which
is the principal chemical for producing shabu.
15. It is known as the world’s transhipment point of all forms of heroin.
16. Founded during the 1980’s by Columbian drug lords in the name of Pablo
Escobar Gaviria, and the drug bosses: Jose Gonzalo Rodriguez Gacha and the
top aid cocaine barons Juan David Ochoa Brothers.
17. Better known as Don Chepe- the Chinese player heads syndicated
organization.
18. Considered as the most powerful criminal organization in the world.
19. Also known as Chinese Mafia, the oldest and biggest criminal organization of
the world.
20. An organization which started out as a smuggling network in the early 1970s,
it wasn't until 1976 that the organization turned to trafficking cocaine.
TEST II.
Instruction: Define the words below in your own words.
1. Chance of Hazard
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2. Gambling
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
3. Smoking
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
4. Prostitution
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
5. Alcoholism
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
6. Whore/Knocker
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
7. White Slavery
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
8.Alcoholic
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
9. Gambler
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
10. Vice
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
TEST III. Reflective Essay

Instructions: Answer the following questions below in your own critical understanding.
(300 words each)
1. Why drug abuse has became not only a national issue but a clear global danger?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
2. How does vice affect the life of an individual?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
PRE-TEST:
Answer the question below on the space provided.
1. Are all drugs harmful?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
References/Sources:
Apela, R.N.&, Estellero, R.E., (2020) VICEAND DRUG EDUCATION CONTROL; Quezon City; WISEMAN’S
BOOKS TRADING, INC.
Dascil, A.M. & Santos, R.Q., (2020) VICE AND DRUG EDUCATION CONTROL; Quezon City;WISEMAN’S
BOOK TRADING, INC.
Other Online Resource

PROGRAM OBJECTVES
1. To foster the values of Leadership Integrity, Accountability and Responsibility while
serving their fellowmen community and Country.
2. To prepare the students for careers in Crime Prevention, Law Enforcement, Scientific
Crime Detection and Correction Administration and;
3. To encourage research and inquiry on the Nature, Causes, Treatment or Punishment
of Criminal Behavior and how Criminal Justice Agencies respond to Crime, Criminals
and Victims.
COLLEGE OBJECTIVES
The College of Arts and Sciences aims to produce highly Skilled, Proficient and Competent
Graduates imbued with Values and Desirable Character particularly in the areas of
Agriculture, Environment Science, Criminology, Development Communication, Community
Development and Guidance and Counseling.

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Vice and Drug Education Control

Trina Valerie D. Merencillo

College of Arts and Sciences

INSTITUTIONAL GRADUATE OUTCOMES

About the Author

Trina Valerie D. Merencillo is a Graduate of Bachelor of Science in

Course Code: CDI 7

At the end of the course, your students must be able to:

Course Learning Date of

2 Articulate the impacts and Module 2 – Drugs: Their Sources,

rehabilitation approach as A. How Drugs are being

4 Imbibe and/or digest the Module 4- Approaches to the Drug

Module Title: INTRODUCTION TO DRUGS AND VICES

Let’s Get Started:

1. What is Drug Abuse?

Let’s Find Out:

[Course Code]: [Course Title] Page 2 of 32

It was in 1806 that a German pharmacist in the name of Friedrich W. Serturner

HISTORY OF DRUG ABUSE AND ADDICTION IN THE PHILIPPINES

[Course Code]: [Course Title] Page 4 of 32

[Course Code]: [Course Title] Page 5 of 32

THE GLOBAL DRUG SITUATION

A. The 1st Important Drug Traffic Route

Turkey- preparation for distribution

Europe- manufacture, synthesis, refine

B. The 2nd Major Drug Traffic Route

[Course Code]: [Course Title] Page 6 of 32

b. Drugs that originates from the Golden Crescent

C. World’s Drug Scene

[Course Code]: [Course Title] Page 7 of 32

D. THE ORGANIZED CRIME GROUP BEHIND THE GLOBAL DRUG SCENE

1. COLUMBIAN MEDILLIN CARTEL

Founded by Pablo Escobar †

Founding location Medellin, Antioquia Department, Colombia

Years active 1972 –1993

Territory Colombia (Antioquia), Panamá, California, New York

[Course Code]: [Course Title] Page 8 of 32

City, Florida, Norman's Cay

Ethnicity Colombians and international people out of Colombia.

Leader(s) Pablo Escobar

Jose Gonzalo Rodriguez Gacha

Juan David Ochoa Brothers

Criminal Drug trafficking, arms trafficking, bombing, terrorism,

THE PROFILE OF COLUMBIAN MEDELLIN CARTEL LEADERS

Escobar in a 1976 mugshot

Born Pablo Emilio Escobar Gaviria

Rionegro, Antioquia, Colombia

[Course Code]: [Course Title] Page 9 of 32

Died 2 December 1993 (aged 44)

Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia

Cause of death Gunshot wound to the head

Don Pablo (Sir Pablo)

 El Padrino (The Godfather)

Conviction(s) Illegal drug trade, assassinations, bombing, bribery, racketeering, murder

Criminal Five years' imprisonment

José Gonzalo Rodríguez Gacha

Picture of Rodriguez Gacha

Born José Gonzalo Rodríguez Gacha

[Course Code]: [Course Title] Page 10 of 32

Died December 15, 1989 (aged 42)

Cause of death Multiple Gunshot wounds to the head and torso

Other names El Mexicano (The Mexican)

Criminal status Deceased