DAY 5

Intermediate 2
T. Liannet Salcedo
 TOPICS OF THE DAY
01. . Verbs, adverbs and adjectives
related to occupations
02. Comparisons with
adjectives, verbs & nouns.
03. Gerund phrases as subjects
and objects
 WARM UP: Famous People at a Party
INSTRUCTIONS:

1. Choose a famous dead person that you’d like to have at your party.
2. Think about why you’d like to invite him or her.
3. Share your answers with the class.
* REPETITION IS NOT ALLOWED. BE CREATIVE*
WELCOME!
What do you remember from last class?
 01
Verbs, adverbs and adjectives related to
occupations
Which ones do you know?
Leo Alex

What jobs are they good for?

 Discuss with your group:
Two jobs which…
• can be done by robots • will be most needed in the future

• no longer exist • are overpaid

• require absolutely no intelligence • young children typically want to do

• have low salaries but high prestige • can be done from home

• require very long training • you would really hate to do

 CLASSIFY THESE JOBS INTO:
Which is the easiest job? The most boring? The most tiring? The most useful? The worst?

Housewife Doctor
Monarch Farmer
Novelist Miner
Pop star Top model
Priest Journalist
Baby-sitter Nurse
Dentist Postman/woman
Footballer Grave digger
Teacher Prison warden
Shepherd Soldier
Window cleaner Housekeeper
 JOB DESCRIPTION

In pairs, make questions about these aspects of a job. Then, imagine a

job and answer the questions as that job.
Tell the class about one of these things:
• (a) My ideal job...
• (b) A day in the life of a (choose a job you know)...
• (c) How I would end unemployment…
 02
Comparisons with
adjectives,verbs & nouns
What can you say about them?

https://youtu.be/Wg-9FO9wLO8
COMPARISONS WITH
ADJCETIVES
What can you say about it ?
COMPARATIVE FORM - USES:
We use the comparative form to compare TWO people, things, places, we usually
use ‘’THAN’’ with comparative adjectives:
Examples:
‘’Frankelys is taller than Liannet’’
‘’Albert Einstein is more intelligent than Gonzalo Castillo’’
‘’Jenny has been more responsible than Leonardo’’.
We can also use ‘’MUCH’’ before the COMPARATIVE ADJECTIVE to emphasize on
the difference.
For example:
Frankelys is MUCH taller than Liannet.
Albert Einstein is MUCH more intelligent than Gonzalo Castillo.
Jenny has been much more responsible than Leonardo.
COMPARATIVE FORM
We can use ‘’Less’’ before the NORMAL ADJECTIVE to emphasize on the
difference too, just like ‘’Much’’ but the opposite and not changing the
adjective to comparative.
MUCH LESS

Frankelys is MUCH taller than Liannet. Frankelys is LESS tall than Liannet.

Jendry has been much more responsible Jendry has been LESS responsible than
than Liannet. Liannet.

Albert Einstein is MUCH more intelligent than Albert Einstein is LESS intelligent than
Gonzalo Castillo. Gonzalo Castillo.
(NOT) AS…AS
We use (not) as…as to compare two people or things. As…as means equally and Not
as…as means less…than
To say that two things ARE SIMILAR we use the following structure:
[1st Person/thing/place + as + adjective + as + 2nd Person/thing/place]
Examples:
Luis is as smart as Joel.
Lia’s phone is as expensive as Ana’s.
Mauricio’s computer was as cheap as mine.

To say that two things ARE NOT SIMILAR we use the following structure:
[1st Person/thing/place (verb/not) + as + + adjective + as + 2nd Person/thing/place]
Examples:
Chloe is NOT as smart as Kim.
Lia’s phone is NOT as expensive as Ana’s.
Mauricio’s computer was NOT as cheap as mine.
more/less … than
The adjectives that are of more than two syllables need an extra ‘more’ or ‘less’ before
them to become comparatives.

Subject + verb + more/less + adjective+ than + noun/pronoun

Examples:
- She is more beautiful than Tina.
- He is less handsome than Alex.
- I am more tired than you.
MAKE SENTENCES COMPARING PEOPLE, THINGS AND PLACES.
COMPARISONS WITH VERBS
COMPARISONS WITH VERBS
Comparison with Verbs
- A flight attendant travels more than a lifeguard.
- A lifeguard travels less than a flight attendant.
COMPARE JOBS USING COMPARISONS WITH VERBS
- A teacher earns less than a rockstar.
COMPARISONS
WITH
NOUNS
COMPARISONS WITH NOUNS
We can use more, less and fewer with noun phrases to create comparisons which are
similar to the comparative forms of adjectives and adverbs:

• There was more snow this year than last year.

• She has more problems than most people.

• You should eat less junk food and start to take better care of your health.

• There are fewer birds in the countryside now than there were 30 years ago.
COMPARISONS WITH NOUNS
Traditionally, we use less with uncountable nouns and fewer with plural countable nouns.
Nowadays, many people use less with plural countable nouns. Some people consider this to
be incorrect, and prefer to use fewer:

• I think the room would look better with less furniture. (less + singular uncountable noun)

• There were fewer cars on the roads twenty years ago. (fewer + plural countable noun;
traditional correct form)

• Less kids take music lessons now than before. (less + plural countable noun; considered
incorrect by some people)

We use more + noun phrase

Footballers earn more money than other sportsmen

https://youtu.be/Wg-9FO9wLO8
(not) as much/many… as
As much as and as may as can be
used for comparisons. We use AS +
MANY/ MUCH + NOUN + AS to
express similarity: I have AS
MUCH MONEY AS you.

We use NOT AS + MANY/ MUCH +

NOUN + AS to make comparisons
between things which aren’t equal:
Leo DOESN’T HAVE AS MANY
HOUSES as Maria.

https://youtu.be/-6zIumhE9cE
MAKE SENTENCES USING COMPARISONS WITH NOUNS
 03
Gerund phrases as subjects
and objects
https://youtu.be/t3uUiefUYqc
What is a Gerund Phrase?
A gerund phrase is a phrase consisting of a gerund and any modifiers or
objects associated with it. A gerund is a noun made from a verb root plus
-ing (a present participle). A whole gerund phrase functions in a
sentence just like a noun, and can act as a subject, an object, or a
predicate.
Traveling is a good way to expand your worldview.
My passion is reading.
My doctor suggests running to improve my health.

In all three of these examples, words ending with -ing are acting as nouns. Traveling is the subject
of the first sentence. In the second sentence, reading is a predicate, and in the third
sentence, the gerund running is acting as the object of the verb suggests.
Gerund phrases as subjects
When the gerund is a noun, it can be the subject of the action described by the verb. We can
use gerunds as a singular noun, so it can be the subject of the sentence.

It has this structure:

Subject [Gerund] + Verb + …

The most commonly used gerunds are: building, buying, living…

Examples
• Building a career as an artist was one of her biggest goals.
• Buying a house is his dream.
• Living in the city centre can be stressful.
• Smoking cigarettes is bad for you.
• Writing a poem was harder than he expected.
• Listening to music is very relaxing.
• Sleeping is hard when your mind is full of thoughts.
GERUND PHRASES AS OBJECTS
When the gerund is a noun, it can be the object but it is still a verb and can have its own object. We
can use gerunds as a singular noun, so it can be the object of the sentence.
It has this structure:

Subject + Verb + Object [Gerund] + Object …

Example
• Luke likes playing video games.
• I hate packing suitcases.
• My favorite thing to do is reading horror books.
• He loves telling the story of him winning the math contest to his friends.
• I enjoy working as a volunteer during summer.
• We hate cleaning the house.
• They love listening to pop music.
THANKS!
GOT QUESTIONS?