ARC 4207

URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE PLANNING

ASSIGNMENT 02

STUDENT ID: 16.02.01.002

STUDENT NAME: ISHRAHA AZIMA

COURSE TEACHER: MAHER NIGER

❑ PEDESTRIAN ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT
- Pedestrian oriented development constitutes of wide, contiguous sidewalks with high quality
amenities; inviting active storefronts in buildings that address the sidewalk; locating parking lots to the
rear of buildings, and minimizing driveways, curb cuts, and drive-throughs which diminish the parking
experience.

• WHO ARE PEDESTRIANS?

- “Pedestrian” is a term that includes people who walk, sit, stand in public spaces, or use wheelchair,
be they children, teens, adults, elderly, people with disabilities, workers, residents, shoppers or
people- watchers. Pedestrian oriented development aims to provide design that is accessible for all
people and increase and improve walkability of an area.

Some examples of pedestrian oriented development

- This type of development prioritizes walking first, followed by bicycling and transit use, and lastly
vehicle motor use. Building and site design of new development should follow this same hierarchy in
order to encourage sustainable modes of transportation and improve health outcomes.

- The number and location of

entrances, the size and
distribution of windows, building
setbacks from the streets,
landscaping, along with building
elements such as lighting and
awnings, all contribute to the
pedestrian experience.

- Site layout is also important to

facilitate pedestrians, cyclists, and
transit users. Factors such as the
building location, driveways, open
places, plazas and pocket parks
merit careful attention.
❑ PLANNING PRINCIPLES
- The diagram shows an auto oriented sprawl
infrastructure in the lower half. Each major destination
leads to a collector road which is a form of traffic
congestion.

- The pedestrian oriented layout in the lower half shows

how traffic is distributed evenly with multiple choices
of travel.

- Pedestrian oriented development is related to the trend

towards New Urbanism, which seeks to limit the
historic separation of uses within a zone to focus on
the overall form and design of the community.

- Some of the key features of pedestrian oriented

development is given as follows:
i. The neighborhood has a discernible center. This is often a square or green and sometimes a busy or
memorable street corner. A transit stop would be located at this center.

ii. Most of the dwellings are within a five minute walk of the center, an average of roughly 2000 sqft.

iii. There are a variety of dwelling types so that younger and older people, singles and families, the
poor and the wealthy may find places to live.

½ MILE RADIUS
10-20 MINUTE WALK

A- TRANSIT HUB

B- PRIMARY/CORE TOD AREA-

MIXED USE, HIGHER DENSITIES,
PEDESTRIAN-ORIENTED
¼ MILE RADIUS
5-10 MINUTE WALK C- SECONDARY AREA- LOWER
DENSITIES, USES SUPPORT TOD
CORE AREA
iv. At the edge of the neighborhood, there are shops and workplaces (and/or transit stations leading to
workplaces) of sufficiently varied types to supply the weekly needs of a household. It is observed that collective
neighborhood emerges from a town center).

v. An elementary school is enough so that most children can walk from their home.
vi. Streets with the neighborhood form a
connected network, which disperses
traffic by providing a variety of pedestrian
and vehicular routes to any destination.

vii. The streets are relatively narrow and

shaded by rows of trees. This slows
traffic; creating an environment suitable
for pedestrians and bicycles.

viii. Buildings in the neighborhood center

are placed close to the street, creating a
well-defined outdoor room.

ix. Parking lots rarely front the street.

x. The neighborhood is organized to be

FIG: EXAMPLE OF A PEDESTRIAN ORIENTED DESIGN
self governing.
 2’ 6’ 7’

1 2 3 4

15’
1. EDGE ZONE
2. FURNISHINGS ZONE
3. THROUGHWAY ZONE
4. FRONTAGE ZONE

FIG: DIFFERENT ZONES OF PEDESTRIAN FIG: DIMENSIONS OF DIFFERENT ZONES OF PEDESTRIAN

FIG: EXAMPLE OF A
PEDESTRIAN ORIENTED DESIGN
❑ CONCEPTS OF PEDESTRIAN ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT

- Link local land use and transportation decisions with comprehensive community plans and
regional policies.

- Create walkable and human-scaled environments that encourage walking, bicycling and
transit use.

- Create compact mixed-use development patterns.

- Plan for viable land uses that are supported by local economics and the community.

- Provide adequate automobile access including a fine-grain and interconnected street system.
❑ PEDESTRIAN ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT IN DHAKA
- Walkability is one of the main reasons why pedestrian oriented development should be encouraged
in Dhaka. Already coined as “concrete jungle”, this city does need to have adequate walkable
neighborhoods which not only have the ability to encourage more social interaction and greater
community involvement but also leads to greater social capital within the community.

- Pedestrian oriented developments will also encourage more trips on foot than on cars which in turn
will reduce gas emissions and hence increase air quality.

- Developing infrastructure and unplanned transport facilities made on limited resources now
creates haphazard and unsafe environment. In order to increase urban mobility to face the
challenges now Dhaka faces inequality, unhealthy urban environment and unsafe streets for the
pedestrians as well.

- To remove the growing traffic problems, the authorities have been taking various initiatives such as
Mass Rapid Transit project, Bus Rapid Transit project, constructing flyovers, etc.

- The purpose of transportation is to transfer people and products from one place to another instead
of increasing vehicles on the roads.
 SOURCE :https://ecosistemaurbano.org/urbanism/urban-design-scheme-dhaka/
FIG: CURRENT SECTION OF A WIDE AVENUE IN DHAKA, BANGLADESH FIG: DESIGN PROPOSAL FOR AN AVENUE IN DHAKA, BANGLADESH

FIG: RECREATION OF A WIDE ROAD WITH A “CURBLESS DESIGN” FIG: VIEW OF AN OPEN SPACE. A DIRECT RELATION OF WATER AND THE
INTEGRATING VEGETATION AND URBAN FURNITURE IMPROVING STREET AND NATURE AND PEOPLE
WALKABILITY WHILE RESPECTING THE FLOW OF TRAFFIC
THANK YOU