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    Anemia is defined as a reduction in red blood cells or hemoglobin below normal levels. It can be caused by blood loss, impaired red blood cell production due to nutrient deficiencies or bone marrow disorders, or increased red blood cell destruction. Common clinical manifestations of anemia include dizziness, headache, fatigue, pale skin, and shortness of breath. Anemia is classified based on red blood cell morphology and etiology.

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    Anemia is defined as a reduction in red blood cells or hemoglobin below normal levels. It can be caused by blood loss, impaired red blood cell production due to nutrient deficiencies or bone marrow disorders, or increased red blood cell destruction. Common clinical manifestations of anemia include dizziness, headache, fatigue, pale skin, and shortness of breath. Anemia is classified based on red blood cell morphology and etiology.

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    65 views10 pages

    Anemia

    Uploaded by

    saravanan
    Anemia is defined as a reduction in red blood cells or hemoglobin below normal levels. It can be caused by blood loss, impaired red blood cell production due to nutrient deficiencies or bone marrow disorders, or increased red blood cell destruction. Common clinical manifestations of anemia include dizziness, headache, fatigue, pale skin, and shortness of breath. Anemia is classified based on red blood cell morphology and etiology.

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    of 10

    ANEMIA

    Definition

    Anemia is defined as reduction in the volume of red


    blood cells or in concentration of hemoglobin,
    below the lower limit of the normal range for age
    and sex of the individual
    Epidemiological determinants
    ● Age and sex

    ● Ethnicity

    ● Poverty

    ● Inadequate diet

    ● Pregnancy and lactation

    ● Poor access to health service


    Clinical Manifestations
    ●
    Dizziness , Headache

    ●
    Fast or unusual heartbeat

    ●
    Shortness of breath

    ●
    Difficulty in concentration

    ●
    Insomnia ,Leg cramps

    ●
    Pale skin, Changes in stool color

    ●
    Spleenomegaly , Hypotension

    ●
    Easy fatigue and loss of energy
    CLASSIFICATION OF ANEMIA


    BASED ON MORPHOLOGY

    BASED ON ETIOLOGY
    Based on etiology there are 3 types of anemia

    ➔
    Anemia due to blood loss

    ➔
    Anemia due to impaired red cell
    production

    ➔
    Anemia due to increased red cell
    destruction
    Based on etiology there are 3 types of anemia

    ➔
    Anemia due to blood loss

    ➔
    Anemia due to impaired red cell
    production

    ➔
    Anemia due to increased red cell
    destruction
    ANEMIA DUE TO BLOOD LOSS

     Acute post hemorrhagic anemia

     Chronic post hemorrhagic anemia


    Anemia due to impaired red cell
    production
    A disturbances in red blood cell formation may leads to anemia

    Deficiency of substance essential for erythropoiesis


    Iron deficiency anemia


    vitamin B12 and folate deficiency

    Disturbances of proliferation and differentiation of stem cells


    Aplastic anemia


    Aplasia of pure red cells

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