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Course Outline Administrative Law Public Officers and

Election Law Atty
College of Law (Arellano University)

StuDocu is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university

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Arellano University School of Law

st
1 Semester, A.Y. 2020-2021
ADMINISTRATIVE LAW, PUBLIC OFFICE, AND ELECTION LAW
Atty. Antonio P. Jamon

ADMINISTRATIVE LAW

I. Introduction
● Article IX, 1987 Constitution
● Administrative Code of 1987 (E.O. 292)
● Ople v. Torres, G.R. No. 127685, July 23, 1998
● Calalang v. Williams 70 Phil. 726 (1940)

II. Separation of Powers

● Planas v. Gil, G.R. No. L-46440, January 18, 1939
● Occena v. Commission on Elections, G.R. No. L-56350, April 2, 1981
● Belgica v. Executive Secretary, G.R. No. 208566, November 19, 2013

III. Creation, Reorganization and Abolition of Administrative Agencies

a. Source
o Article IX, 1987 Constitution, Constitutional Commissions
o Article XI, 1987 Constitution, Section 5. Ombudsman
o Article XIII, 1987 Constitution, Section 17. Commission on Human Rights
o Section 31, Book III, EO 292 (relate to Sections 21-23)
o Republic vs. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 90482, August 5, 1991
o Eugenio v. Civil Service Commission, 243 SCRA 196, March 31, 1995
o Larin v. Executive Secretary, G.R. No. 112745, October 16, 1997
o Commission on Human Rights Employees Association v. Commission on
Human Rights, G.R. No. 155336, November 25, 2004
o Biraogo v. The Philippine Truth Commission of 2010, G.R. No. 192935, Dec.
7, 2010

b. Types of Administrative Agencies

o Section 2, E.O. 292
o MIAA v. CA 495 SCRA 591 (2006)
o GSIS v. City Treasurer, 23 December 2009

c. Control over Administrative Agencies

o Carpio v. Executive Secretary, G.R. No. 96409, February 14, 1992
o Blaquera v. Alcala, G.R. No. 109406, September 11, 1998
o Moran v. Office of the President, G.R. No. 192957, September 29, 2014

IV. Powers and Functions of Administrative Agencies

a. In General
o Acebedo Optical v. C.A et. al., G.R. No. 100152, March 31, 2000
o Lovina v. Moreno, G.R. No. L-17821, November 29, 1963

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o Senator Robert S. Jaworksi v. PAGCOR, G.R. No. 144463, January 14, 2004
o Department of Health v. Camposano, G.R. No. 157684. April 27, 2005

b. Express and Implied

o Villegas v. Subido, G.R. No. L-31711, September 30, 1971
o Laguna Lake Development Authority v. CA, G.R. No. 110120, March 16, 1994
o Doctrine of Necessary Implication

c. Discretionary and Ministerial

o Cariño v. Capulong, G.R. No. 97203, May 26, 1993
o Ocampo v. Enriquez, G.R. No. 225973, November 8, 2016

V. Delegation of Legislative Power

● Eastern Shipping v. POEA, G.R. No. 76633, October 18, 1988
● Tatad v. Secretary of Dept. of Energy, G.R. No. 124360, Nov. 5, 1997
● Pelaez v. The Auditor General, G. R. No. L-23825, December 24, 1965
● US v. Ang Tang Ho , G.R. No. L-17122, February 27, 1922 ​
● Kilusang Mayo Uno v. Garcia, G.R. No. 115381, December 23, 1994
● Commissioner of Customs v. Hypermix, G.R. No. 179549, February 1, 2012
● International Service v. Greenpeace, G.R. No. 209271, December 8, 2015

VI. Quasi-Legislative Powers

a. In General
o Araneta vs. Gatmaitan, G.R. Nos. L-8895 and L-9191, April 30, 1957
o Edu vs. Ericta, G.R. No. L-32096, October 24, 1970
o Smart Communications v. NTC, G.R. No. 151908, August 12, 2003
o Abella, Jr. v. CSC, G.R. No. 152574, November 17, 2004
o Dagan v. Philippine Racing Commission, G.R. No. 175220, February 12, 2009
o The Chairman and Executive Director, Palawan Council v. Lim, 801 SCRA
304 (2016)

b. Kinds of administrative rules and regulations

o ABAKADA Guro Party List v. Purisima, G.R. No. 166715, August 14, 2008
o BPI Leasing v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 127624, Nov. 18, 2003
o Board of Trustees v. Velasco, G.R. No. 170436, February 2, 2011

c. Administrative Rules with a Penal Clause

o People v. Que Po Lay, G.R. No. L-6791, March 29, 1954
o People v. Maceren, G.R. No. L-32166, October 18, 1977

o Tayug Rural Bank v. Central Bank, G.R. No. L-

46158, November 28, 1986

d. Administrative Procedure in Rule Making

o Sections 1-9, Book VII, Administrative Code of 1987, Administrative
Procedure
o GMA Network vs. COMELEC, G.R. No. 205357, September 2, 2014
o Board of Trustees vs. Velasco, G.R. No. 170463, February 2, 2011

e. Amendment and Repeal

o Republic of the Philippines v. Express Telecommunications Company, Inc.,
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G.R. No. 147096, January 15, 2002

VII. Quasi-Judicial Powers
a. Definition and Nature
o Cariño v. Commission on Human Rights, G.R. No. 96681, December 2, 1991
o Megaworld Globus Asia, Inc. v. DSM Construction and Development Corp.,
G.R. No. 153310, March 2, 2004
o SSS v. Gloria de los Santos, G.R. No. 164790, August 29, 2008
o Dole Philippines Inc. v. Esteva, G.R. No. 161115, November 30, 2006
o Villanueva v. Palawan Council, G.R. No. 178347, February 25, 2013

b. Distinguished from quasi-legislative functions

o Lupangco v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 77372, April 29, 1988

c. Administrative Due Process

o Ang Tibay v. CIR, G.R. No. L-46496, February 27, 1940
o Disciplinary Board, LTO, et al. vs. Gutierrez, G.R. No. 224395, July 3, 2017
o Cudia v. PMA Superintendent, G.R. No. 211362, February 24, 2015
o SSS v. Gloria de los Santos, G.R. No. 164790, August 29, 2008

o Re: Letter of U.P. Law Faculty, A.M. No.10-10-4-SC, March 8, 2011 ​

o Ombudsman v. Mapoy, G.R. No. 197299, February 13, 2013

VIII. Judicial Review

● De Lima v. Reyes, G.R. No. 209330, January 11, 2016
● Imbong v. Ochoa, Jr., G.R. No. 204819, April 8, 2014
● Villafuerte, Jr. v. Robredo, G.R. No. 195390, December 10, 2014
● Macailing, et al v. Andrada, et al., G.R. No. L-21607, January 30, 1970

IX. Doctrine of Exhaustion of Administrative Remedies

● Nazareno vs. CA, G.R. No. 98045, June 26, 1996
● Obiasca vs. Basalotte , G.R. No. 176707, February
17, 2010
● Sps. Gonzales v. Marmaine Realty Corporation, G.R. No. 214241, January 13, 2016
● Diocese of Bacolod vs. COMELEC, G.R. No. 205728, January 21, 2015
● Ocampo v. Enriquez, November 8, 2016

Exceptions:
● Republic of the Philippines v. Lacap, G.R. No. 158253, March 2, 2007
● Vigilar v. Aquino, G.R. No. 180388, January 18, 2011

X. Doctrine of Primary Jurisdiction

● Commissioner of Customs v. Navarro, G.R. No. L-
33146, May 31, 1977
● Industrial Enterprises, Inc. v. CA, G.R. No. 88550,
April 18, 1990
● Roxas and Co, Inc. v. CA, G.R. No. 127876,
December 17, 1999
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● Basiana Mining v. Secretary of DENR, G.R. No.

191705, March 07, 2016
● Aquilino Q. Pimentel., et al vs. Senate Committee of
the Whole represented by Senate President Juan
Ponce Enrile, G.R. No. 187714, March 8, 2011

XI. Doctrine of Finality of Administrative Action

LAW ON PUBLIC OFFICERS

I. The Concept of Public Office

● CAAP-EU formerly ATEU vs. CAAP 739 SCRA 570
● Alconera vs. Pollanan 714 SCRA 204
● Laurel v. Desierto, 381 SCRA 48
● Veterans Federation of the Philippines. v. Reyes, 483
SCRA 526
● Reyes v. Ombudsman, G.R. Nos. 212593-94, March
15, 2016
● Republic v. Sereno, May 18, 2018

Characteristics
● Santos vs. Secretary of Labor, 22 SCRA 848
● Abeja v. Tanada 236 SCRA 60
● National Land title and Deeds Registration
Administration v. CSC, 221 SCRA 145
● Biraogo v. PTC, G.R. No. 1929235, December 7, 2010

II. Public Accountability

● The Ombudsman Act of 1989 (R.A. No. 6770)
● An act further defining the jurisdiction of the
Sandiganbayan, amending for the purpose P. D. no.
1606, as amended, providing funds, therefore, and for
other purposes. (R.A. No. 8249)
● Anti-graft & Corrupt Practices act as amended R.A. No
3019.
● Code of Conduct & Ethical Standards for Public Officials
and Employees (R.A. No. 6713)
● An Act defining and penalizing the Crime of Plunder
(R.A. No. 7080)
● An Act Declaring Forfeiture in favor of the State any
Property Found to have been Unlawfully Acquired by
any Public Officer or Employee and providing for the
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proceedings therefore (R.A. No. 1379)

● Granting Immunity from Prosecution to Givers of Bribes
and other Gifts and to their Accomplices in Bribery and
other Graft Cases against Public Officers
● P.D. No. 749
● Making it Punishable for Public Officials and Employees
to Receive and for Private Persons to Give Gifts on any
Occasion, including Christmas (P.D. No. 46)
● Crimes Committed by Public Officers under the Revised
Penal Code

Cases

● Francisco v. House of Representatives, G.R. No. 160261.

November 10, 2003
● Gutierrez vs. The House of Representative Committee on
Justice , G.R. No. 193459, March 8, 2011

III. Requirements for public office

a. Binamira v. Garrucho, 188 SCRA 154
b. Tapispisan v. CA, 459 SCRA 695
c. Pimentel v. Ermita, 472 SCRA 587
d. Lueigo v. CSC, 143 SCRA 327
e. Umoso v. CSC, 234 SCRA 617

Disqualification
● Article IX-B, Sections 6, 7(1), 7(2)
● Article VI, Sec. 13
● Article VII, Sec. 13
● Article VIII, Sec. 12, 13
● Article IX-A, Sec. 2
● Article XI, Sec. 8
● Art. X, Sec. 8
● R.A. 6713, Sec. 7
● P.D. 807 (nepotism)
● Monsanto v. Factoran, 170 SCRA 190
● Garcia v. COA, 226 SCRA 356
● Civil Liberties Union v. Executive Secretary, 194 SCRA
317
● Caasi v. CA, 191 SCRA 317
● De Castro v. JBC, G.R. No. 1911002, March 17, 2010
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Scope of Qualifications
● Cuyegkeng v. Cruz, 108 Phil. 903

Duration of Qualifications
● CSC v. de la Cruz, 437 SCRA 403
● Yee v. Director of Public Schools, 7 SCRA 832

IV. De facto and De jure officers

Requisites of de facto officership

a. CSC v. Jason, 429 SCRA 773
b. Tuanda vs. Sandiganbayan, 249 SCRA 342
c. Lino Luna vs. Rodriguez, 37 Phil 136
d. US v. Abalos, 1 Phil. 73

Effects of Acts of de facto officer

● Monroy v. CA, 20 SCRA 620
● Cantillo v. Arrieta, 61 SCRA 55
● Civil Liberties Union v. Exec. Secretary, G.R. No. 83896,
February 22, 1991
● Republic v. Sereno, G.R. No. 237428, May 11, 2018

V. The Civil Service

a. 1987 Constitution Art. IX- B
b. Meram v. Edralin, 154 SCRA 23B

Eligibility
● PD 807, sec. 6

Appointments
● 1987 Constitution, Art. IX B, Sec. 2 (2)
● PD 807, secs. 25 (a) and 24 (a)
● Abrot v. CA, 116 SCRA 468
● Maturan v. Maglana, 113 SCRA 266
● Archacoso v. Macaraig, 195 SCRA 235

Promotion
● Español v. CSC, 206 SCRA 715
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● Sison v. Pangramuyen, 84 SCRA 364

● Eugenio v. Torrijos, 85 SCRA 512
● PT&T v. CA, 412 SCRA 263

Other personnel actions

● PD 807, sec 24
● Manglapus v. Matias, 192 SCRA 496
● Floreza v. Ongpin, 182 SCRA 692

Discipline
● PD 807, section 29
● RTC Makati Movement against Graft and Corruption
v. Dumlao, 247 SCRA 108
● Aquino v. Fernandez, 413 SCRA 597

Procedure
● CSC v. CA, 425 SCRA 394

Preventive suspension
● De Guzman v. Apolonio, 472 SCRA 489
● Villaluz v. Zaldivar, 15 SCRA 710
● Quimbo v. Gervacio, 466 SCRA 277
Decision
● Caniete v. Secretary of Education, 333 SCRA 849
● Apuyan v. Sta. Isabel, 430 SCRA 1
● Malanyaon v. Lising, 106 SCRA 237

Appeal
● Paredes v. CSC, 192 SCRA 84
● Huertas v. Gonzalez, 451 SCRA 256

Rights to Self-Organization
● SSS Employees Association v. CA, 175 SCRA 686
● Trade Unions of the Philippines v. NHC, 173 SCXRA
33

VI. Authority of the Public Officer

a. Grapilon v. Municipal Council of Carigara, 2 SCRA 103
b. Legaspi v. Minister of Finance, 115 SCRA 418
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VII. Salary and Perquisites

a. Sevilla v. Gocon, 423 SCRA 98
b. Reyes v. Anosa, 267 SCRA 523

VIII. Liability of public officers

Paraiso-Aban v. Commission on Audit, G.R. No. 217948,
January 12, 2016

Kinds of duties
a. Mendola v. People, 207 SCRA 85
b. Sibulo v. Ramirez, 154 SCRA 101
c. Tabuena v. Sandiganbayan, 268 SCRA 332

President
● Estrada v. Desierto, 353 SCRA 452

Legislators
● Santiago v. Sandiganbayan, 356 SCRA 636

Judges
● Dantes v. Caguioa, 461 SCRA 236
● In Re: Raul M. Gonzalez, 160 SCRA 771

Quasi-judicial officers
● Philippine Racing Club v. Bonifacio, 109 SCRA 233

Liability for acts of subordinates

● Albert v. Gangan, 353 SCRA 673
● Chan v. Sandiganbayan, 466 SCRA 190

Personal liability
● Tabuena v. CA, 3 SCRA 413
● Orocio v. COA, 213 SCRA 109
● Corea v. CFI of Bulacan 92 SCRA v. 312

Remedies
● Amaro v. Sumanguit 5 SCRA 707
● Urbano v. Chavez 183 SCRA 347
● Rodrigo v. Sandiganbayan 303 SCRA 309

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IX. Termination of official relations

Expiration of Term
a. Paredes v. Abad 56 SCRA 522
b. Alajar v. Alba 100 Phil. 683

Resignation
● Lao v. To-Chip 158 SCRA 243
● Canonizado v. Aguirre 351 SCRA 659

Abandonment
● Floresca v. Quetolio 82 Phil. 128
● Lameyra v. Pangilinan 322 SCRA 117

Acceptance of incomplete office

● Zandueta v. de la Costa 66 Phil. 615
● Sangguniang bayan of San Andres, CA 284 SCRA 276

Removal
● De los Santos v. Mallare 87 Phil 289
● Cristobal v. Melchor supra
● Salazar v. Mathay 73 SCRA 275
● Dario v. Mison 176 SCRA 84

Impeachable officials
● 1987 Constitution arts. VIII sec. 11 and art. XI sec. 3
● Francisco v. House of Representatives 415 SCRA 44
● Republic v. Sereno, supra

Forfeiture
● 1987 Constitution Art. X, sec. 3
● R.A. No. 7160, secs. 69-75
● Perez v. Provincial Board 113 SCRA 187

Abolition of Office
● De la Llana v. Alba 112 SCRA 294
● Mendoza v. Quisumbing 186 SCRA 108
● Larin v. Executive Secretary 280 SCRA 713

Death
● Malanyaon v. Lising 106 SCRA 237
● Loyao v. Caube 402 SCRA 33
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X. Sandiganbayan
a. Serana v. Sandiganbayan, 542 SCRA 224
b. People v. Luis Morales, G.R. No. 166355, May 30, 2011

XI. Ombudsman
a. Ombudsman Carpio-Morales v. Court of Appeals, Binay
et al (2016)
b. Emilio A. Gonzales III v. Office of the President, etc., et
al./Wendell Bareras-Sulit v. Atty. Paquito N. Ochoa, Jr.,
et al., G.R. No. 196231/G.R. No. 196232, January 28,
2014

ELECTION LAW

I. Election and Suffrage

A. The Right to Vote

● Article V, Sections 1-2, 1987 Constitution;
● Article IX-A, Sections 1-8
● Article IX-C, Sections 1-11
● Moya v. Del Fierro, 69 Phil. 199 (1930)
● Badelles v. Cabili, G.R. No.L-29333, 27 February 1969
● Dissenting Opinion of Justice Puno in Tolentino v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 148334,
21 January 2004
● Betito vs. Benipayo G.R No. 147179, March 26, 2011, 355 SCRA 313
● Garchitorena vs. Crescini, 39 Phil. 258, 263
● Hontiveros vs. Mobo, 39 Phil. 230
● Macolor vs. Amores, 94 Phil. 1, 7
● Bailles vs. Cabili, 27 SCRA 113, 121-122
● Akbayan vs. COMELEC G.R. No. 147066, March 26,
2001, 355 SCRA 318
● Nicolas-Lewis, et al vs. Comelec, G.R. No. 162759
August 4, 2006, 497 SCRA 649
● US vs. Sancuya 13 Phil 729
● Remoto v. Commission on Elections, G.R. No. 190582
(2010)

II. Commission on Elections

A. History
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B. Composition
C. Qualifications
● Article IX-C, Sections 1-11
D. En Banc and Division cases
● Sarmiento vs. COMELEC 212 SCRA 307
● Zarate vs. COMELEC, 318 SCRA 608
● Ramirez vs. COMELEC, 270 SCRA 590
● Faelnar vs. COMELEC, 331 SCRA 429

E. Powers and Functions (1987 Constitution, Omnibus Election

Code)

● The Omnibus Election Code;

● Purisima v. Salanga, 15 SCRA 704 (1965)
● Cauton v. COMELEC, 19 SCRA 911
● Roque v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 188456, 10 September 2009 (see “ponencia” and
separate concurring opinion of CJ Puno) and 10 February 2010 (Motion for
Reconsideration)
● Arroyo v. DOJ and Comelec, G.R. No. 199082, 18 September 2012 and 23 July 2013
● Ongsioko Reyes v. Comelec, G.R. No. 207264, 25 June 2013 and 22 October 2013
● Telecommunication and Broadcast Attorneys of the
Philippines vs. COMELEC, 289 SCRA 33
● Montejo vs. COMELEC, 242 SCRA 415
● Sandoval vs. Comelec, G.R. No. 133842 January 26,
2000, 323 SCRA 403

III. Voters

A. Qualifications for suffrage

B. Disqualifications
C. Local Absentee Voters
D. Overseas Absentee Voters
E. Detainee, PWDs, IPs, Media

● The Omnibus Election Code (Sec. 118, 195-196, 200)

● E.O. No. 157 (Local Absentee Voting Law)
● R.A. No. 7166 (Sec. 12)
● RA No. 10380 (Local Absentee Voting for Media)
● R.A. No. 9189 (Overseas Absentee Voting Act of 2003), as amended by R.A. No. 10590
aka "The Overseas Voting Act of 2013.”
● Macalintal v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 157013, July 10, 2003
● People v. Corral, 62 Phil. 945 (1936)
● Malabaguio vs. COMELEC 346, SCRA 699
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● Gutierres vs. Aquino, Feb. 26, 1959

● Libanan vs. HRET, 283 SCRA 520

IV. Registration of Voters

A. Qualification of Voters
B. Disqualifications
C. Election Registration Board
D. Deactivation, Reactivation, Cancellation
E. Inclusion and Exclusion Proceedings; Jurisdiction

● Omnibus Election Code (Sec. 138, 139, 142)

● R.A. No. 8189 ( Sec. 3a, 3e, 8, 9, 12, 27, 28 39)
● Yra v. Abano, G.R. No. 30187, 15 November 1928
● Akbayan Youth v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 147066, 26 March 2001
● Kabataan Party-list v. Comelec, G.R. No. 221318, 16 December 2015
● Baytan vs. Comelec GR. No. 153945, 396 SCRA 703, 716
● Ututalum vs. COMELEC, 181 SCRA 335
● Gunsi v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 168792, February 23,
2009
● Maruhom v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 179430, July 27,
2009
● Ugdoracion v. COMELEC, April 18, 2008

V. Candidates

A. Qualifications
● Sec. 2-4, Art. VII, 1987 Constitution
● Sec. 3-4,6-7, Art. VI, 1987 Constitution
● OEC, Sec. 63-78
● Local Government Code, Sec. 39
● RA No. 10742 aka Sangguniang Kabataan Reform Act of 2015

B. Disqualifications
● OEC, Sec. 12, 68
● Local Government Code, Sec. 40
C. Certificate of Candidacy
D. Nuisance Candidate

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● Poe-Llamanzares v. Commission on Elections, G.R. Nos. 221697 & 221698-700, 08 March 2016
● Maquiling v. Comelec (G.R. No. 195649, April 16, 2013)
● Arnado v. Comelec, G.R. No. 210164, 18 August 2015
● Caballero v. Commission on Elections, G.R. No. 209835, 22 September 2015
● Frivaldo v. Comelec, G.R. No. 120295, 28 June 1996
● Mercado v. Manzano, G.R. No. 135083, 26 May 1999
● Asistio v. Aguirre, G.R. No. 191124, 27 April 2010
● Lonzanida v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 135150, 28 July 1999
● Abundo v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 201716, 08 January 2013
● Marquez v. COMELEC, 243 SCRA 538
● Dela Cruz v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 192221, 13 November 2012
● Atty. Risos-Vidal v. Comelec and Estrada, G.R. No. 206666, January 21, 2015)
● Aratea vs. COMELEC, 683 SCRA 1 (2012)
● Jalosjos vs. COMELEC, 683 SCRA 1 (2012)
● Quinto vs. COMELEC, 606 SCRA 258, December 1, 2009
● Quinto vs. COMELEC, 613 SCRA 385, Feb. 22, 2010
● Mendoza vs. COMELEC, G.R. No. 191084, March 25, 2010
● Socrates vs. COMELEC, 391 SCRA 457, Nov. 12, 2002
● Pamatong v. Commission on Elections, G.R. No. 161872, April 13, 2004
● Gador vs. COMELEC, 95 SCRA 431
● Villanueva vs. COMELEC, 140 SCRA 352
● Sinaca vs. Mula, 315 SCRA 266
● Timbol v. Commission on Elections, G.R. No. 206004 (Resolution), [February 24, 2015])
● Rulloda v. Commission on Elections, G.R. No. 154198, [January 20, 2003]
● Federico v. Commission on Elections, G.R. No. 199612, [January 22, 2013]
● Engle v. Commission on Elections, G.R. No. 215995, [January 19, 2016]
● Agustin v. COMELEC, November 10, 2015
● David v. Agbay, 753 SCRA 526 (2015)
● Villafuerte v. COMELEC and Villafuerte, G.R. No. 206698, February 25, 2014

VI. Campaign, Election Propaganda, Contributions and

Expenditures

A. Concept, Campaign
B. Campaign Period; Election Period
C. Lawful election propaganda
D. Prohibited election propaganda
E. Prohibited contributions
F. Lawful expenditures; Limitations on Expenses
G. Statement of Contributions and Expenses

● Fair Elections Act of 2007 (R.A. No. 9006)

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● R.A. No. 7166, Secs. 13 & 14

● Chavez v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 162777, 31 August 2007
● Penera v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 181614, 11 September 2009 and Resolution dated 25 November
2009
● SWS v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 147571, 05 May 2001
● GMA Network Inc. v. Comelec, G.R. No. 205357, 02 September 2014
● Emilio Ramon “E.R.” P. Ejercito v. Comelec, G.R. No. 212398, 25 November 2014
● The Diocese of Bacolod v. Comelec, G.R. No. 205728, 21 January 2015
● 1-UTAK v. Comelec, G.R. No. 206020, 14 April 2015

VII. Political Party; Party-List Organization

A. Definitions: PP, PLO
● Sec. 60, BP 881 and Sec. 3(c) of RA 7941
B. Groups which cannot be registered as political parties
● Art. IX-C, Sec. 2 (5), Constitution
C. Grounds for cancellation of registration
D. Registration; Manifestation to participate in the party-list
system
E. Refusal and/or cancellation of registration
F. Nomination of party-list nominees
G. Qualifications of party-list nominees
H. Manner of Voting; Number; Raffle

● R.A. 7941
● Veterans Federation Party v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 136781, 06 October 2000
● Ang Bagong Bayani v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 147589, 26 June 2001
● Barangay Association for National Advancement and Transparency (BANAT) v.
Commission on Elections, G.R. No. 179271, 179295, [April 21, 2009]
● Atong Paglaum v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 203766, 02 April 2013
● Palparan v. HRET, G.R. No. 189506, 11 February 2012

VIII. Canvassing and Proclamation

● Secs. 20, 21, 23, 28 RA 6646 The Electoral Reforms Law
of 1987
● Secs. 222-240 OEC
● Casimiro vs. COMELEC 171 SCRA 468, 1989
● Quilala vs. COMELEC 188 SCRA 502, 1990
● Caruncho vs. COMELEC, 315 SCRA 693

IX. Recall
A. Grounds
B. Procedure

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● R.A. No 7160, Secs. 69-74

● R.A. No. 9244
● COMELEC Resolution No. 7505
● Garcia v. COMELEC, 227 SCRA 100
● Claudio v. COMELEC, 331 SCRA 388
● Goh v. Bayron, G.R. No. 212584, November 25, 2014

X. Failure of Elections, Postponement of Elections, Special

Elections
A. Grounds
B. Call of Special Elections

● OEC, Article I, Secs. 6-7

● Sison v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 134096, 03 March 1999
● Ampatuan v. COMELEC, 375 SCRA 503
● Banaga, Jr. v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 134696, July 31, 2000

XI. Election Offenses

A. Vote-buying, vote-selling, electoral sabotage, etc.
B. Persons criminally liable
C. Penalties
D. Prosecution
E. Prescription
F. Jurisdiction

● OEC, Article CCII, Secs. 261-268

● OEC, Secs. 81, 83, 89, 95-97
● R.A. No. 9369
● People v. Ferrer, 54 O.G. 1348
● Mappala v. Nunez, 240 SCRA 600
● People v. Bayona, 181 Phil. 186
● COMELEC vs. Noynay 292 SCRA 354
● Kilosbayan vs. COMELEC, G.R. No. 128054, October 16,
1997
● Lozano v. Yorac, G.R. No. 94521, 94626, 28 October 1991
● Ong v. Martinez, G.R. No. 87743, 21 August 1990
● Regalado v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 115962, 15 February 2000
● Aquino v. Commission on Elections, G.R. Nos. 211789-90, 17 March 2015
● COMELEC v. Tagle, 397 SCRA 618 (2003)
● Tapispisan v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 157950, [June 8, 2005], 498 PHIL 733-751
● Causing v. Commission on Elections, G.R. No. 199139, 09 September 2014
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● Javier v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 215847, 12 Jan 2016

XII. Pre-proclamation controversy

● Sec. 241-248 OEC
● Sec. 245 repealed by sec. 39 RA 7166 An act providing
for sunchronized national and local elections and for
electoral reforms
● Secs. 15, 16, 17 etc. RA 7166
● Lauedenio vs. COMELEC 276 SCRA 705
● Belac v. COMELEC 356, SCRA 394
● Pataray vs. COMELEC 274 SCRA 470
● Allarde vs. COMELEC 159, SCRA 623
● Dipatuan vs. COMELEC, 185 SCRA 86

XIII. Election Adjudication System

A. Jurisdiction of Municipal Trial Courts
B. Jurisdiction of Regional Trial Courts
C. Jurisdiction of COMELEC
D. Procedure in election contests: Courts, COMELEC
E. Procedure in HRET, SET, PET

● Article IX (c), Sec. 2, 1987 Constitution

● Article VI, Sec. 17,1987 Constitution
● Article XXI, Secs. 249-252, OEC
● 2010 Rules of Procedure in Election Contests
● Rules of Procedure in Election Contests Before the Courts Involving Elective Municipal and
Barangay Officials;
● COMELEC Resolution No. 8804
● COMELEC Resolution No.9164
● Rule 20, Part V, Comelec Rules of Procedure
● Rule 28, Part V, Comelec Rules of procedure
● Rule 25 Part VI, Comelec Rules of Procedure
● De Castro vs. COMELEC 267 SCRA 806
● Taule vs. SANTOS 200 SCRA 512, 1991
● Carlos v. Angeles, 346 SCRA 571
● Mutuc vs. Comelec, 22 SCRA 662
● Puzon vs. HRET, G.R. No. 85079 Feb. 7, 1989
● Poe, Jr. vs. Arroyo, PET case no. 0002, March 29, 2005
● Tecson vs. COMELEC 424 SCRA 2777
● Jalosjos v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 192474, 26 June 2012
● Lokin v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 179431-321, 22 June 2010
● Pimentel III v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 178413, 13 March 2008
● Tan v. COMELEC, G.R. Nos. 166143-47, 166891, 20 November 2006
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● Tolentino v. COMELEC First Division et al, G.R. No 218536, 26 Jan 2016

XIV. Appeal and Other Election Issues

A. Quo Warranto
B. Substitution
C. Withdrawal of COC
D. Execution of Pending Appeal
E. Appeal fee/Filing fee
● Secs. 73, 76, 253, OEC
● COMELEC Resolution No. 9518
● Samad v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 107854
● Dumayas v. COMELEC v. 357 SCRA 358
● Miranda v. Abaya, G.R. No. 136351, 28 July 1999
● Luna v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 165983, 24 April 2007
● Cerafica v. Commission on Elections, G.R. No. 205136, 02 December 2014
● Loreto-Go v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 147741, 10 May 2001
● Divinagracia v. COMELEC, G.R. Nos. 186007 & 186016, 27 July 2009
● Santos v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 155618, 26 March 2003
● Navarosa v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 157957, 18 September 2003
● Legarda v. de Castro, PET Case No. 003, Jan. 18, 2008
● Rulloda v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 154198, January 20, 2003
● Talaga v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 196804 and 197015, October 9, 2012
● Federico v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 199612, January 22, 2013

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