Professional Documents
Culture Documents
What is a BRAND?
Brand recognition and other reactions are created by the use of the product or service and
through the influence of advertising, design, and media commentary. A brand is a symbolic
embodiment of all the information connected to the product and serves to create associations and
expectations around it. A brand often includes a logo, fonts, color schemes, symbols, and sound,
which may be developed to represent implicit values, ideas, and even personality.
Concepts
Marketers engaged in branding seek to develop or align the expectations behind the brand
experience, creating the impression that a brand associated with a product or service has certain
qualities or characteristics that make it special or unique. A brand image may be developed by
attributing a "personality" to or associating an "image" with a product or service, whereby the
personality or image is "branded" into the consciousness of consumers. A brand is therefore one
of the most valuable elements in an advertising theme. The art of creating and maintaining a
brand is called brand management. A brand which is widely known in the marketplace acquires
brand recognition. When brand recognition builds up to a point where a brand enjoys a critical
mass of positive sentiment in the marketplace, it is said to have achieved brand franchise. One
goal in brand recognition is the identification of a brand without the name of the company
present. For example, Disney has been successful at branding with their particular script font
(originally created for Walt Disney's "signature" logo) which it used in the logo for go.com.
"DNA" refers to the unique attributes, essence, purpose, or profile of a brand and, therefore, a
company. The term is borrowed from the biological DNA, the molecular "blueprint" or genetic
profile of an organism which determines its unique characteristics.
Brand equity measures the total value of the brand to the brand owner, and reflects the extent of
brand franchise. The term brand name is often used interchangeably with "brand", although it is
more correctly used to specifically denote written or spoken linguistic elements of a brand. In
this context a "brand name" constitutes a type of trademark, if the brand name exclusively
identifies the brand owner as the commercial source of products or services. A brand owner may
seek to protect proprietary rights in relation to a brand name through trademark registration.
Brand energy is a concept that links together the ideas that the brand is experiential; that it is not
just about the experiences of customers/potential customers but all stakeholders; and that
businesses are essentially more about creating value through creating meaningful experiences
than generating profit. Economic value comes from businesses’ transactions between people
whether they be customers, employees, suppliers or other stakeholders. For such value to be
created people first have to have positive associations with the business and/or its products and
services and be energised to behave positively towards them – hence brand energy. It has been
defined as "The energy that flows throughout the system that links businesses and all their
stakeholders and which is manifested in the way these stakeholders think, feel and behave
towards the business and its products or services." Attitude branding is the choice to represent a
feeling, which is not necessarily connected with the product or consumption of the product at all.
Marketing labeled as attitude branding includes that of Nike, Starbucks, The Body Shop,
Safeway, and Apple Inc.
"A great brand raises the bar -- it adds a greater sense of purpose to the experience, whether it's
the challenge to do your best in sports and fitness, or the affirmation that the cup of coffee you're
drinking really matters." - Howard Schultz (CEO, Starbucks Corp.)
The act of associating a product or service with a brand has become part of pop culture. Most
products have some kind of brand identity, from common table salt to designer clothes. In non-
commercial contexts, the marketing of entities which supply ideas or promises rather than
product and services (e.g. political parties or religious organizations) may also be known as
"branding".
OBJECTIVE OF PROJECT WORK
Main Objective:-
The main objective of research is to analysis how the brand effects the customer purchasing
Sub Objective:-
The sub objective of research is to understand the choice of the customer is branded or non-
branded goods.
image of quality and value for money to ensure the development of a recurring
influenced by many surrogates of which the simplest one is a brand name. Although
there may be equally satisfying products, the consumer when satisfied with some
brand does not want to spend additional effort to evaluate the other alternative
choices. Once he or she has liked a particular brand, he or she tends to stay with it,
unless there is a steep rise in the price or a discernible better quality product comes to
QUESTIONNAIRE
Yes No
2. Which attributes did attract you to purchase branded products? Rank these
attributes in order of their importance to you.
Price Cleanliness
3. What was the reason for the delay between the purchase decision and the actual
purchase?
Financial constraints
Dealer
Agree Disagree
Strongly Agree Strongly disagree
Agree Disagree
Agree Disagree
Agree Disagree
Agree Disagree
Agree Disagree
12. Will you like to switch your brand preference if you get some promotional scheme with
another brand?
Yes No
13. Do you think branded products are better than unbranded products?
Yes No
ADDRESS:
EDUCATIONAL QUALITICATION:
OCCUPATION:
AGE:
MONTHLY INCOME:
Advertising Effectiveness
The objectives of all business are to makes profits and a merchandising concern can
do that by increasing its sales at remunerative prices. This is possible, if the product
is widely polished to be audience the final consumers, channel members and
industrial users and through convincing arguments it is persuaded to buy it. Publicity
makes a thing or an idea known to people. It is a general term indicating efforts at
mass appeal. As personal stimulation of demand for a product service or business
unit by planting commercially significant news about it in a published medium or
obtaining favourable presentation of it upon video television or stage that is not paid
for by the sponsor.
What is Advertising :
The word advertising is derived from the Latin word viz, "advertero" "ad"
meaning towards and "verto" meeting towards and "verto" meaning. "I turn" literally
specific thing".
Simply stated advertising is the art "says green." Advertising is a general term
for and all forms of publicity, from the cry of the street boy selling newspapers to the
most celebrate attention attracts device. The object always is to bring to public
notice some articles or service, to create a demand to stimulate buying and in
general to bring logethel the man with something to sell and the man who has
means or desires to buy".
Advertising has been defined by different experts. Some of the quoted
definition are :
American marketing association has defined advertising as "any paid form of
non personal presentation and promotion of ideas, goods or services by an identified
sponsor. The medium used are print broad cast and direct.
Stanton deserves that "Advertising consists of all the activities involved in
presenting to a group a non- personal, oral or visual openly, sponsored message
regarding a product, service, or idea. This message called an advertisement is
disseminated through one or more media and is paid for by the identified sponsor.
Advertising is any paid form of non – personal paid of presentation of ideas
goods or services by an identified sponsor.
On the basis of various definitions it has certain basic features such as :
Functions of Advertising
For many firms advertising is the dominant element of the promotional mix –
particulars for those manufacturers who produce convenience goods such as
detergent, non – prescription drugs, cosmetics, soft drinks and grocery products.
Advertising is also used extensively by maters of automobiles, home appliances, etc,
to introduce new product and new product features its uses its attributes, pt
availability etc.
Advertising can also help to convince potential buyers that a firms product or
service is superior to competitors product in make in quality, in price etc. it can
create brand image and reduce the likelihood of brand switching even when
competitors lower their prices or offer some attractive incentives.
iii) When a product is new and incorporates technological advance not strong and.
i) Promotion of sales
v) Education of people.
TYPES OF ADVERTISING
Broadly speaking, advertising may be classified into two categories viz., product
and institutional advertising.
Product advertising is sub-divided into direct & indirect action advertising &
product advertising aims at informing persons about what a products is what it does,
how it is used and where it can be purchased. On the other hand selective
advertising is made to meet the selective demand for a particular brand or type is
product.
It is designed to create a proper attitude towards the sellers to build company
image or goodwill rather than to sell specific product or service. Its purpose is to
create a frame of mind and to implant feeling favourable to the advertisers
company. Its assignment is to make friends for the institution or organization.
It is sub-divided into three categories : patronage, public, relations and public
service institutional advertising.
i) In patronage institutional advertising the manufacturer tells his prospects and
customer about himself his policies and lives personnel. The appeals to the
patronage motivation of buyers. If successful, he convince buyers that his
operation entitles him to the money spent by them.
i) Consumer advertising
ii) Comparative advertising
iii) Reminder advertising
iv) Reinforcement advertising
ADVERTISING OBJECTIVES
The long term objectives of advertising are broad and general, and concern the
contribution advertising should make to the achievement of overall company
objectives. Most companies regard advertisingly main objective as hat of proving
support to personal selling and other forms of promotion. But advertising is a highly
versatile communications tools and may therefore by used for achieving various
short and long term objectives. Among these objectives are the following :
2. To introduce a new product (by building brand awareness among potential
buyers).
4. To build brand preference 9by making it more difficult for middleman to sell
substitutes).
6. To publicize some change in marketing strategy (e.g., a price change, a new
model or an improvement in the product).
10. To acquaint buyers and prospects with the new uses of the product (to extend
the PLC).
BENEFITS
The functions of advertisement, and that purpose its ethics, may be discussion
below :
1. It leads to cheaper prices. "No advertiser could live in the highly competitive
arena of modern business if his methods of selling were more costly than
those of his rivals."
2. It acquaints the public with the features of the goods and advantages which
buyers will enjoy.
3. It increases demand for commodities and this results in increased production.
Advertising :
5. It ensures the consumers better quality of goods. A good name is the breath of
the life to an advertiser.
6. By paying the way for large scale production and increased industrialization,
advertising contributes its quota to the profit of the companies the prosperity
of the shareholder the uplifts of the wage earners and the solution of he
unemployment problem.
7. It raises the standard of living of the general public by impelling it to use to
articles of modern types which may add to his material well being. "Modern
advertising has made the luxuries of yesterday the necessities of
today ..................... It is a positive creative force in business. It makes two
blades of grass grow in the business world where one grew before.
8. It establishes the goodwill of the concern for the test articles produced by it
and in course of time they sell like not cakes consumer search for satisfaction
of their needs when they purchase goods what they want from its beauty,
superiority, economy, comfort, approval, popularity, power, safety,
convenience, sexual gratification and so on. The manufactures therefore tries
to improve this goodwill and reputation by knowing the buyer behaviour.
Advertising as a tool to marketing not only reaches those who buy , but also
those whose opinions or authority is counted for example a manufacturer of marble
tiles and building boards advertises not only to people who intend to build houses
but also to architect and engineers. While the manufacturers of pharmaceuticals
products advertise to doctors as well as to the general public. At time it is necessary
for a manufacturer or a concern to advertise things which it does not sell but which
when sold stimulates the sales of its own product. There are concerns like electric
heaters, iron etc. because the use of these increases the demand for their products.
Advertising should be used only when it promises to bring good result more
economically and efficiently as compared to other means of selling. There are goods
for which much time and efforts are required in creating a demand by sending
salesman to prospective buyers than by simply advertising them. In the early days of
the cash register in America it was sold by specially trained salesman who called on
the prospective users and had the difficult task of convincing them that they could no
longer carry on with the old methods, and that they urgently needed a cash register.
In our country certain publishers have found it less costly to sell their books by
sending salesman from house to house among prospective buyers than to advertise
them. In these two examples the cost of creating demand would be too high if
attempted by advertising alone under such circumstances advertising is used to
make the salesman acceptable to the people they call upon to increase the
confidence of the public in the house. Naturals when there are good profits
competitors will be attracted and they should be kicked out as and when sufficient
capital is available by advertising on a large scale. Immediate result may not justify
the increased expenditure but it will no doubt secure future sales.
The series of advertisements used in the campaign must be integrated with the sales
promotional efforts and with the activities of the sales force.
Campaign vary in length some may run only for a few days, other for weeks, yet
other for a season or the entire year. Usually a range of 3 to 6 months includes many
campaigns. Many factors influences campaign length such as competitors advertising
media, policies, seasonal falls curves of the product involved, the size of the
advertising funds, campaign objectives and the nature of the advertisers marketing
programme.
OBJECTIVES OF CAMPAIGN
The advertising campaign, especially those connected with the consumers aims
at achieving these objectives :
This enquiry often leads to a change in a familiar product. For instance bathing
soap may come in several new colours or cigarette in a new packet or talcum powder
in another size.
Such interviews are often quite essential to find out the appeal of advertising
message for a product that would be most effective with consumers.
David Ogilvy describes a consumers survey to find out the most meaningful
benefit in which women are interested when they buy a face cream. The largest
preference as given to "Cleans deep into pores" followed in order of importance by
prevent dryness, "is a complete beauty treatment, recommended by skin doctors"
makes skin look younger' contains estrogenic hormones, pasteurized for purity,
prevent skin form aging, smooth our wrinkles ogilvy concludes, form this voting
come one of Helena Rubinstein's most successful face creams. We christened it deep
cleanser, thus, building the winning form into name of the product.
After getting the data the account executive puts together the essential
elements of his clients brief, interprets the research findings and draws up what he
calls the "advertising strategy".
Several steps are required to developed an advertising campaign the number of
stages and exact order in which they are carried out may vary according to an
organisations resources, the nature of its product and the types of audiences to be
reached. The major stages/step are :
1. Identifying and analyzing the advertising.
Under this step it is to decided as to whom is the firm trying to reach with the
message. The advertising target is the group of people towards which advertisements
are aimed at four this purpose complete information about the market target i.e. the
location and geographical location of the people, the distribution of age, income, sex,
educational level, and consumers attitudes regarding purchase and use both of the
advertising product and competing products is needed with better knowledge of
market target, effective advertising campaign can be developed on the other hand, if
the advertising target is not properly identified and analyzed the campaign is does
likely to be effective.
An advertising platform consists of the basic issues or selling points that an
advertiser wishes to include in the advertising campaign. A single advertisement in
an advertising campaign may contain one or more issues in the platform. A
motorcycle producers advertising platform should contain issues which are of
importance to consumers filling and such issues also be those which the competitive
product do not posses.
Media selection is an important since it costs time space and money various
factors influence this selection, the most fundamental being the nature of the target
market segment, the type of the product and the cost involved. The distinctive
characteristics of various media are also important. Therefore management should
focus its attention on media compatibility with advertising objectives.
Media Form
1. Press Advertising or Print
i) Newspapers City, Small town, Sundays,
Daily, weekly, Fortnightly,
quarterlies, financial and
annuals, English, vernacular or
regional languages.
ii) Magazines General or special, illustrated
or otherwise, English, Hindi,
Regional language.
iii) Trade & Technical Journals, Industrial Circulated all over the country
year books, commercial, directories, and among the industrialist
telephone, Directories, references and business magnates.
books & annuals.
2. Direct Mail Circulars, catalogues, leaflets,
brochures, booklets, folders,
colanders, blotters, diaries &
other printed material.
3. Outdoor or Traffic Poster and bills on walls,
railways stations platforms
outside public buildings trains,
buses.
4. Broadcast or radio and T.V. Spot, Sectional or national
trade cost
5. Publicity Movie Slides and films non
theatrical and documentary
films metal plates and signs
attaches to trees.
6. House to house Sampling , couponing, free
gifts, novelties, demonst-
rations.
7. Dealer aids Counter and widows display
demonstration given by
retailer or the advertises
goods.
8. Internet Today, Internet is a big spot
for advertising.
So these are the media of the advertising campaign of the selecting of the media.
c) To determine the strengths and weaknesses of various media and media
plans.
2. To find out the reasons for liking the advertisement of cold drinks.
3. To find out the most popular slogan of advertisement regarding cold
drinks.
Research Methodology
Research is voyage from known to unknown
Methodology
1. Research Design: The research design is the blueprint for the
fulfillment of objectives and answering questions. It is a master plan
specifying the method and procedures for collecting and analyzing
needed information.
Sampling Technique: Convenience
MARKET PROFILE
(Coca Cola)
Brands of Coca- Cola
i) Coca Cola
ii) Thums-up
iii) Limca
iv) Fanta
v) Maaza
vi) Maaza Tetra
vii) Sprite
i) Cola
ii) Lemon
iii) Soda
iv) Orange
v) Mango
vi) Clear Lemon
(Primary data)
There is more consumption of Coca Cola and has 70% market share in the
Yamunanagar city and Coca Cola is having maximum consumption and after
that Thumps-up and after it Limca cold drink in the market and all the products
has good sale but less than these.
Brands of Pepsi
i) Pepsi Cola
ii) Mirinda Lemon
iii) Mirinda Orange
iv) Pepsi Soda
v) Pepsi Apple
i) Cola
ii) Lemon
iii) Orange
iv) Soda
v) Apple
(Primary Data)
The consumption of Pepsi cola, after this sale of Mirinda Lemon is there
and after it Mirinda Orange is there and the market share is less of Pepsi in
comparison of Coca Cola.
TABLE 4.1
RESPONDENT'S CLASSIFICATION ACCORDING TO AGE
TABLE 4.2
Table 4.2 shows that 60% of the respondents are males and 40% of
them are females
TABLE 4.3
TABLE 4.4
Table 4.4 reveals that all the respondents are drinking cold drinks.
TABLE 4.5
Table 4.5 reveals that 30% of the respondents drink it once a day, 4%
twice a day, 2% more than twice and 32% drink it no regularly.
TABLE 4.6
TABLE 4.7
Table 4.7 indicate that out of 50 respondents 12 like Coca cola, 12 like
Pepsi, 7 like Limca, 1 like Fanta, 1 like Mirinda, 10 like Thums-up, 4 like
Canada dry and 3 like Maaza.
TABLE 4.8
TABLE 4.9
Table 4.9 indicate that 96% of the respondents are of the view that they
have been the advertisement of the cold drink they like most while 4% shows
that they don’t have seen the advertisement they like most .
TABLE 4.10
MEDIA OF ADVERTISEMENT
TABLE 4.11
NO. OF ADVERTISEMENT
TABLE 4.12
TABLE 4.13
TABLE 4.14
TABLE 4.15
Table 4.15 reveals that 100% of the respondents are of the view that
presently the TV is most effective media of advertisement.
TABLE 4.16
NECESSITY OF ADVERTISEMENT
TABLE 4.17
EFFECTIVENESS OF EXPENDITURE INCURRED ON
ADVERTISEMENT
Table 4.17 shows that 86% of the respondents are of the view that the
expenditure incurred on advertisement is effective in adding the profit while
4% denied the same and 10% did not reply.
TABLE 4.18
Table 4.18 shows that 40% of the respondents say education is one of
the main reason of Advertisement effectiveness while equal % of the
respondents are in the favour of likings, standars of living and level of
development
TABLE 4.19
TABLE 4.20
TABLE 4.21
FINDINGS
After going through all the project and the collected data, I found that:
60% of the respondents said that they like the advertisement of cold
drinks because of its theme whereas, 14% said that they like celebrities in
advertisement.
Some 32% of the respondents said that’ yeh dil maange more’ is the most
popular slogan whereas 28% of the respondents said that ‘ yara da tashan’
is the popular slogan.
Majority of respondents sees the advertisement of the cold drink they like
most.
Majority of the respondents like cola flavor of cold drink
Equal number of respondents like the brand of Coca Cola and Pepsi
SUGGESTIONS
We reached some suggestions :
Advertisement should not be too expensive, because the advertisement
leads and increase the prize of the product.
In rural areas media should be according to the choice of the people.
To give more attention in making the advertisement to make it effective for
the sale of cold drink.
It should be attractive one so that people are attracted toward the
advertisement.
LIMITATIONS
The project relied mainly on the primary data.
It begin my first attempt to undertake such a study, thus the inexperience
is also a obstacle to accomplish the project in a proper way.
It was also difficult to get proper information from the people because they were
indulging in some other activities.
CONCLUSION
In last you conclude that majority of the respondents said that TV is the most effective
media for advertisement of cold drinks and the celebrities and the slogans in the
advertisement effect the consumers.
ADVERTISEMENT EFFECTIVENESS
OF COLD DRINKS
BACK GROUND INFORMATION
I) Name : __________________________________
II) Age : __________________________________
III) Qualification :
IV) 1. Literate
2. Illiterate
if literate ?
1. Below Matric 2. Matric
3. Graduate 4. Post Graduate
V) Profession : __________________________________
VI) Address : __________________________________
__________________________________
VII) Size of family : __________________________________
1). Do you take cold drink ?
a. Yes b. No
2). How frequently you take cold drink ?
a. Once a day b. Twice a day
c. More than twice d. Not regular
3). Which are the different cold drinks available in the market ?
a. Coca Cola b. Pepsi
c. Limca d. Fanta
e. Thums-up f. Mirinda
g. Limca h. Maaza
i. Canada Dry j. All of these
4). Which cold drink you like most ?
a. Coca Cola b. Pepsi
c. Limca d. Fanta
e. Thums-up f. Mirinda
g. Limca h. Maaza
i. Canada Dry j. All of these
5). Which flavour of cold drink you like most ?
a. Cola b. Lemon
c. Mango d. Orange
e. Other
6). Have you seen the advertisement of cold drink you like most ?
a. Yes b. No
7). Through which media you have seen it?
a. T.V. b. News Paper
c. Magazine d. Others
8). How many types of advertisement of you preferred brand of cold drink are
there?
a. 1 b. 2
c. 3 d. 4
9). Which slogan of cold drink you like most ?
a. Taste the Thunder
b. Yara Da Tashan
c. Yeh Dil Mange More
d. Jo chahe ho Jai COCA-COLA enjoy
10). Why do you like the advertisement ?
a. Because it has film stars ?
b. Because of Good music
c. It’s theme and making is appealable.
d. Any other reason.
11). Do you think that advertisement has forced you to consume product more ?
a. Yes b. No
12). Which media is presenting the advertisement is necessary for sale of cold
drink ?
a. T.V. b. News Paper
c. Magazine d. Others
13). Do you think the advertisement is necessary for sale of cold drink ?
a. Necessary b. Very Necessary
c. Not Necessary d. Can’t Say
14). The expenditure incurred on advertisement of cold drink is such effective that it
adds to profit ?
a. Yes b. No
c. Can’t Say
15) Which reason you find for the difference of advertisement effectiveness ?
a. Education b. Likings
c. Standard of Living d. Level of Development
16) Is the study of effectiveness would contribute to improvement in present
advertisement ?
a. Yes b. No
c. Can’t Say
17) Is advertisement effectiveness is necessary for company ?
a. Yes b. No
c. Can’t Say
18) What do you think the use of study of effectiveness is for who?
a. For Company b. For Employees
c. For Customers d. None of these
CONSUMER BUYING BEHAVIOUR - INTRODUCTION
The job of marketer is to meet and satisfy target customers needs and wants but
“knowing customer" is not a simple task. Understanding the buying behavior of the
target market for its company products is the essential task for the marketing dep’t.
The job of the marketers is to “think customer” and to guide the company into
developing offers, which are meaningful and attractive to target customers and
creating solutions that deliver satisfaction to the customers, profits to customer and
benefits to the stakeholders.
Marketers must study the customer taste, preferences, wants, shopping and buying
behavior because such study provides the clues for developing the new products,
price, product changes, messages and other marketing mix elements. In understand
the concept of buying we have the some of the key questions. They are: -
Along with that there are two more questions that are also related with above. They
are: -
These are some of questions that solutions help to predict the buying behavior.
WAYS OF BUYING BEHAVIOR
According to the concept of marketing the buying behavior can be divided in two
ways :-
1. Consumer Behavior: - It includes that user who buys the product for the direct
consumption, not to use for further sale purpose. Like as home users.
2. Business Behavior: - It includes those users who buy the product for the further
sale purpose. Like as shopkeepers, dealers, and retailers.
In the buying behavior there are different roles played in each of consumer and
business. Those are involved in the buying decisions.
There is a great difference between the purchasing of a computer and a car. Buying
decisions making varies with the type of buying decision. The types of buying
behavior divided are separately divided as per of consumer and business buying.
1. Complex Buying Behavior: -- when the consumer are highly involved in the
purchase and aware of significant differences among brands.
3. Habitual Buying Behavior: -- when the consumer are low involved in the
purchase but sees absence of aware of differences among brands.
4. Variety Seeking Buying Behavior: -- when the consumer are low involved in
the purchase but sees significant of differences among brands.
1. Straight Rebuy: -- In this buyer approves the purchasing on the basis of the past
buying records and satisfaction with suppliers.
3. New Task: -- when the buyer approves the purchasing of product for the first
time by consisting of the good and efficient salesperson.
So, that it’s the types of the buying behavior of consumer as well as business
buyer.
There are various factors that affect the buying behavior on both consumer as well
as business buying.
Cultural Factors
Environmental
Economic Organizational
Objective Inter – Personal
Political
Authority
Individual
Age
Status
Education BUSINESS
Empathy
Income BUYER
Cost of Money Policies
Competition Procedures
So, these are the factors that affect the consumer as well as business buying
behavior.
Consumers make the decision on the different brands available in the market. They
will give the choice over the different brands. So there is a model that describes
how the consumers make the choice and preferences over the different brands.
1. Total Set: - In this they used to maintain the list of the all-leading brand to those
particular products, that are available in the market.
2. Awareness Set: - After that they used to make the list of those selected brands
with that they are something knows and aware about their products.
3. Consideration Set: - After that they used to make the list from the list of known
brands, about those they know something better than other brands.
4. Choice Set: - After the consideration of some brands, a list of choice brands
those having the greater chances of acceptance over others.
5. Decision Set: - After the all of the process in last most preferred, most
acceptable during the buying decision process.
So that it’s a process, which defines that, how a buying decisions are made among
the number of brands available In the market.
So that it’s all about the general buying behavior of cons, and business buying
according to marketing concept, because to understand and making study over
buying behavior first its necessary to aware with concept of buying behavior.
INTRODUCTION
Understanding the buying behavior of the target market for its company products is
the essential task for the marketing dep’t. The job of the marketers is to “think
customer and to guide the company into developing offers, which are meaningful
and attractive to target customers and creating solutions that deliver satisfaction to
the customers, profits to customer and benefits to the stakeholders.
The computer processor company divides its buying behavior in both way i.e.
Consumer and Business. The both of term have same meaning as to define in the
chapter of buying behavior. The both consumer and business are divided further as
SMB —Small Medium Big - to identify the type of client according to their sales
and SMB have their own group of clients.
It includes all those person who are the direct user of the computers and their
processors or for their employees and family member use. They are not indulging
in the sale activity of the computer and other Products. i.e. home users, companies
for their employees.
It includes all those person who are not the direct user of the computers and their
processors or for their employees and family member use. They are indulging in
the sale activity of the computer and other Products. They can also be authorized
from companies i.e. Intel. i.e. hp, HCL, Assemblers.
There is model of the both of behavior as suggested by companies with the
dividing in the SMB, the both of the buying behavior. The models are below for
both behaviors: -
CONSUMER BUYING
S–M–B
BUSINESS BUYING
S–M–B
So that’s all about the category of computer processors buying behavior as to each
divided in SMB as to their use and sales point. Now we will be discuss with the
concept of the from the point our study and discuss how these companies make it
possible.
PROBLEM FORMULATION
In this report we are making a study report for the buying behavior of Processors in
order to know the position of different sets Processors brands of different
companies in the market. So that we divide the problem in sub parts to make the
good and result oriented study report. Problem defined as: -
What is the Position of the computer processors all companies in the Indian
market?
Price effect over consumer and dealer between competitions. Marketing and
sales promotion activity of these companies.
So as to study the buying behavior we divide the problem overstated parts, so that
it can be easily formulate and solved.
SIGNIFICANCE OF PROBLEM
Every one knows the time of manual working and now we have different set of
machines for the different work, it makes our work very easy and fast. In these
machines computer is one and buying of a computes is not a simple task. In that
buying behavior for the computer processors has Its own significance. For that we
divide the problem as stated in above sect and each problem has its own
significance to answer the following questions: -
Why, When, How, What, where and who is buying the Computer?
Why, When, How, What, where and who is buying processors and which
one?
Why, When, How, What, where and who is buying only INTEL processors?
Why, When, How, What, where and who is buying other than INTEL
processors?
In the, context of the solving these questions, problem has significance in the form
of the over stated questions?
INTRODUCTION — COMPUTER INDUSTRY
Every one knows the time of manual working and now we have different set of
machines for the different work, it makes our work very easy and fast. In these
machines computer is Wonderful invention of the men among the different
machines and result is that today this machine is ready to beat the man mind, but
before this computer was not as it looks and works today. In the age of 1940
computer was invented by Americans for the purpose made easy the chemical
equation, which were used later on in Second World War as atom bomb, for which
equations were firstly made on computers. That time size was very big and
requires a one room space for this machine, but time to time technology
advancement and its necessity in different fields increase it utility and on the other
hand decrease in its size. Today computer is portable that we can wear it on wrist
as wristwatch. That is possible due to of the changes in the IC technology and
result is that today computer is emerged as big industry of the world. Computer
ranked as industry in the age of 1970 in USA and after that in other countries of
world, because it creates the lots of business, employment, business resource,
foreign exchange etc.
Computer industry has the number of player in each software and hardware
industry in the world. Now we have a look over the major players of this industry
in India. They are: -
In USA Computer industry shares the 48% of the total income where as in
INDIA it shares only 12% of the income and major portion goes to software
industry.
In USA Computer industry provides the employment about 5.5 Iakhs and in
INDIA 78 thousands approx. yearly and also the major portion goes to
software industry.
In INDIA computer industry shares the 10.9% of Export in form of software
industry and 20 % of Import in form of hardware industry.
In India only the 6-computer hardware companies and 13 computer software
industry companies are listed in Indian stock exchanges.
Today the computer industry shares the 28.9% of the total of world income.
Today INDIA have 5computer behind 100 peoples and whereas in USA
ration is 98 computer behind 100 people.
INTRODUCTION
Everyone related with the IT or Infotech knows that a processor is the one a chip
“heart of the computer”. There no. of companies that’s provides the sales support
services and product services worldwide. In India there are only no. of companies
that’s provides the computer processors for the home PC and as well as for the
office use. The each of the companies having the set of different processors that’s
are segmented on the basis of price and technology. Because in the computer
processor market the price and technology plays the interchangeable role, but the
technology advancement creates a mark able and vital role as competitive weapon.
The different companies that are present in India, They are follows :-
In India there is only four companies is exist, but present scenario tells about only
the three companies except Celeron because it’s near about to end from the Indian
processor market.
ABOUT INTEL
Intel is the world first, largest processor manufacturing company. Intel was
established in the age of 1960 with its first product a computer processor named
with 8080 and after that in every decades Intel launched the many versions of the
processor named in number terminology i.e. 8084, 8085 etc till the age, of 1980’s
After 1980’s Intel uses name terminology of processor named Pentium—I,
Pentium— 2 etc. With the advancement of technology in IC’s technology for the
personal computers. After 1995 along with the processor and chipset Intel
launched the motherboards and other networking peripheral i.e. Hub, Web-
Camera, VGA cards and Network cards. After that Intel launches the processor for
the PC as welt as for the servers named XEON and for notebook computers named
Pentium—4 M. Intel keeps the range of products of different segments to meet out
the competition and change. Intel R & D division is continuously engaged to come
out with the latest state of the art product in the IT hardware sector. Today Intel is
world’s only company that produces more than the 8 hardware devices for the
computer with world best rated technology.
Intel is the 4th known brand In the world and 2nd in the world Infotech
scenario.
Intel is first, largest and ranked as number one processor and chipset
manufacturing company in the world.
Intel is only Company that has the first largest investment in IT Hardware
Sector.
Intel is an ISO—9001 and ISO—9002 company.
Intel is only world company that produces the all type of processors i.e.
server processors, PC processors, notebook processors etc.
Intel have their alliance and premium provider in each of operating country.
In India Intel enjoying the approx. 93% market share of IT hardware since
1998.
In India Intel enjoying the approx. 93% market share of IT hardware since 1998.
Intel products in India in age of 1980’s but with their representatives in 1997. Now
in India Intel have one head office and two marketing office whose address are
below.
INTEL - PRODUCTS
INTEL has number of products that are used worldwide computers. They are
:-
Processors
Mother boards
Chipsets
Communication devices
Storage products
Intel processors are bringing desktop and notebook computing to new levels of
speed and convenience, and extending Intel® Architecture to new levels of
technical computing performance, offering you all the compatibility and reliability
you’d expect from Intel.
INTEL — STRATEGIC ALLIANCES AND PREMIUM PROVIDERS
INTEL has eight strategic alliances worldwide and premium providers are
exclusive of operating country those provide the sales support services and product
services worldwide. They are: -
STRATEGIC ALLIANCES
BEA Alliance
IBM And Intel
Microsoft And Intel
Broad vision Alliance
Oracle Alliance
SAP And Intel
SAS And Intel
Intel i2 Alliance
ABOUT AMD
“The era of technology for technology’s sake is behind us. Innovation driven by
real customer needs — ‘customer-Hector Ruiz
However, our focus goes beyond integrated circuits and transistors. AMD is
committed to helping our customers — and their customers — take advantage of
the phenomenal capacity of silicon to add value and help differentiate their
offerings. To that end, AMD products are developed with customer needs always
in mind and not for the sake of innovation alone. Stated more plainly, it means that
AMD exists to provide real solutions for real customer problems that exist in the
real world today. AMD refer to this philosophy as “customer-centric innovation”
and it represents the guiding principle behind everything.
Recommended motherboards.
Cooling solutions.
Power supplies.
Storage devices.
Chipsets.
Communication devices.
AMD has number of products at their different percentage as their product mix.
Products %age
Processors 65%
Mother Boards 18%
Chipsets 10%
Communication Devices 5%
Storage Devices 2%
AMD – LOCATIONS
AMD has manufacturing facilities in the United States, Europe, Japan and Asia,
and sales offices in major cities around the globe. Founded in 1969 and based in
Sunnyvale, California, AMD had revenues of approximately $2.7 billion in 2002.
A truly global company, AMD derives more than half of its revenues from
international markets. Shares of the company trade on the New York Stock
Exchange under the symbol AMD.
TWX:910-339-9280
TELEX:34-6306
AMD provides the support services to their consumers, to get the maximum
consumer satisfaction. The services are: --
The download area offers software, drivers, plug-ins and other utilities for
your products,
November 1969 - First good die emerges from Fab 1, the Am-9300, a 4-bit
MSI shift register.
February 1992 - Five-year arbitration with Intel ends, with AMD awarded
full rights to make and sell the entire Am-386 family of microprocessors.
January 1994 - Compaq Computer Corp. and AMD form long-term alliance
und which Am486 microprocessors will power Compaq computers.
These companies having the presence over 45 countries but has representatives in
offices around the world. They are: -
After the formulation of the problem for the study and the having the significance
of problem we have the some of the research objectives for that we are doing the
study’ because with out any objective nothing is to be a study report. The research
objectives of this study are as below stated: -
First and utmost findings the consumer and business buying
behavior for Processors.
So that we are taking these some of the research objectives on which our study is
based.
PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION
After getting through of the research objectives now we go through step of the
preliminary investigation to find out the necessary information to fill out the
objectives of the study. The information expected to be collect on the basis of the
preliminary investigation are: -
The various brands and available companies in the market.
So that to fill out the objectives of study I have done the preliminary
Investigation on overstated defined points and after that a list of needed
information prepared in next chapter.
To study the buying behavior it necessary to aware with the market change
in few years, because day by day the awareness of the computers is
growing bind along with that the entry of new players in the market grow
rapidly. That has drastically hits the traditional processors market and
makes the many changes in the few years. As to in the processor market
the change is not only due to of competition but along with the change of
technology. To see the market changes in few years we have to go through
with the existing literature of processor market. In the computer studies as
to not of such of studies are done only of few studies were done regarding
computers and their perspectives by foreign as well as by the foreign
writers. So some of the content can be used for this study, the few studies
are used they are: -
The some of useful and meaningful point of existing literature for this
study are: --
Customers of the processors are not only interested to the price but
they pay more stress towards the advancement of technology for
easy and speedy work.
Computer has made greater impact over human lives rather than the
other technology invention and advancement.
So these are the extract of the computer literature that is useful towards the
solution of buying behavior.
FOCUS OF STUDY
Whether the customer is satisfied with the supplied product and not.
So, those are the points of the future scope this study, in which this study
can be used.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
INTRODUCTION
The research is a systematic, collection, recording and analyzing of data
about the problem relating to the marketing of goods and services, It
involves the diagnosis of information needs and the selection of relevant
inter-related variables about which valid and reliable information is
gathered, recorded and analyzed.
Sample Size :
Dealers : 20
Consumers : 55
DATA COLLECTION
After making of the list of the needed information, source of data and the
sampling plan the next step is taken out for the collection of data. In this
study of the data is collected from primary as well as secondary data. The
details of the source of the data are :
From the
site www.intel.com, www.amd.com www.computertoday.com
ANALYSIS INSTRUMENT
After identify the variables and other factor on that basis the data is to be
analyzed it is necessary to identify the tools and instrument through which
the analysis of data is to be done and presented. So that it lead to the
meaningful and good results from the analysis. In this study, we use the
following instrument of analysis of data :-
Tables
Ratios
Ranking
Percentage
MACRO ANALYSIS
85 % respondents have the PC and on other hand only 5% have the
laptop computer own and in that 92 have Intel Based processors.
97% are aware and performance about the Intel Brand and only 2%
are aware about the AMD Processors.
90% are overall satisfied with the Intel Processors but on the other
hand AMD have the 5% of the overall customer satisfaction level.
74% of the population says that the effective product education and
supplement is to be supplied with the product and 90% of the
Population know about the Intel service providers and overall
satisfied with that.
92% of the population are strongly agreed that Intel uses the world
best Technology in their processors.
95% of the Intel Dealers says that the Intel have the maximum sale,
most population, customer satisfaction than others.
88% of the dealers are the authorized dealer of Intel and they deal
in genuine Intel Products.
Dealers say our 92% customers are satisfied and Intel influences the
choice of consumers rather than the other brand in the market.
91% of the dealer grades the Intel as the first position among other
brands.
The most preferred and strong points are observed and find during the study are:
Intel premium providers are very happy with the Intel business
criteria.
In India Intel is only company that providing the Laptop products
and other accessories up to latest technology and also the number of
range of products in laptop computers rather than other companies
i.e. AMD and Cyrix.
RESPONDENT COMPLAINTS
The complaints that are encountered during the study period from
dealer as well as customers in suggestions columns of questionnaire
are: -
The first ever complaint of Intel product is that price of all product
in comparison to other is very high.
RECOMMENDATIONS
Intel should sponsors the T.V. programs, films and public services
to promote the brand.
LIMITATIONS OF STUDY
Though every effort was put in to make this report authentic in every
sense, yet there were few factors, which might have their influence on the
final report. Hence limitations of the study are: -
This study is based on the primary data and observations; hence the
probability of personal bias cannot be over rule.
Limited time is also a limitation due to much of the dealer and
target consumers are not to be surveyed.
CONCLUSION
In Delhi near about all dealers and retailer of computer hardware
deals in Intel Processor.
QUESTIONNAIRE – CONSUMER
8) Which processors uses The World Best Technology In Their Products
Specify Name
______________________________________________.
16) What is The First Word That Comes In Your Mind When You Hear
About any processors brand.
__________________________________________________________
Specify
___________________________________________________.
Respondent Profile —
Profession
Signature
1) Are You
A) Dealer B) Sub Dealer C) Retailer D) Sub Retailer
2) Which Brand Of Processor Based Computer or Processor Do You Deal
(From A to D)
13) Which Factor You and Customer Consider Most While Purchasing A
Processor
And Whom
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
Main Points : Project Report on credit schemes of State Bank of India [SBI] and
other Banks. Project Report on Banking System, Introduction of Banking,
Commercial Banks, Banking in India, Banking environment in india, India
Banking, SBI Bank, SBI Banking, SBI Card, Business Card, SBI Credit
Card, Loan Scheme, Loan Repayment, Interest Rate of Banks, Security, ATM of
State Bank of India, Use of ATM Card, SBI Regulations
1. To change cash for bank deposits and bank deposits for cash.
3. To exchange deposits for bills of exchange, govt. bonds, the secured and
unsecured promises of trade and industrial units.
4. To underwrite capital issues. They are also allowed to invest 5% of their
incremental deposit liabilities in shares and debentures in the primary and
secondary markets.
8. The buying and selling of foreign exchange including foreign bank notes.
The market place began to change for banks in India as a result of reforms of the
financial sectors initiated in the current decade. On account of policy measures
introduce to infuse greater competitive vitality in the system, the banking has entered
in to a competitive phase. Competition has emerged not only from within the banking
system but also from non-banking institutions. Lowering of entry barriers,
deregulation of interest rates and growing sophistication of customers have made
banking far less oligopolistic today. Introduction of capital adequacy and other
prudential norms, freedom granted to enter into new turf’s and greater overlap of
functions between banks and non-banks have forced banks to get out of their cozy
little world and think of the future of the banking.
Emerging Environment of Banking in India
Full convertibility of rupee leading to free mobility of capital, which will mean virtual
collapse of the national borders for trade and capital flows.
Greater coordination between monetary, fiscal and exchanged rate policies for
achieving the goals of faster and sustainable economic growth, macro-economic
stability and export promotion.
Close integration of various financial markets such as money market, capital market
and forex market.
In the next millennium banks will have to be more and more cautions about
customer service, profitability, increased productivity, to keep face with changing
banking scenario. As banks in India prepare themselves for the millenium these are
the shifts in the paradigm they are likely to experience. The 21st century may see the
dawn of “DARWINIAN BANKING”. Only the banks could fulfill the demands of
markets and changing items would survive and prosper.
Preamble :
Small business units, retail traders, artisans, village industries, small-scale
industrial units and tiny units, professionals and self employed persons etc.,
contribute significantly to the growth of our economy. The entrepreneur himself
manages many of the units. Very often, these entrepreneurs complain of procedural
delay in sanctions and renewal of limits. They also find it difficult to cope with the
demands for audited balance sheet and other statements sought by the bank from time
to time for availing credit facilities. With a view to providing hassle free financial
supports to the above categories of entrepreneurs who have shown commitment to run
the unit successfully and who are dealing with the banks for last two years
satisfactorily, new and friendly credit product namely small business credit card
scheme is designed. Under the scheme, cumbersome procedural aspects relating to
reviews and renewals, submission of balance sheet, stock statements and other
statements are done with credit delivery made simple and easy.
Purpose :
To meet the credit requirements of small business units, industrial unit, retail trader,
artisan, Small Scale Industry (SSI) and tiny units.
Eligibility :
A. Customers of the following segments with a satisfactory track record for the last
two years enjoying credit facilities.
B. Units who do not enjoy credit limit with us/other banks at present with excellent
performance and credential may be considered.
Quantum of loan :
Assessment :
In respect of parties with good track record, where sales tax returns are not available,
the credit limits may be decided taking into consideration the actual turnover in the
accounts during the last two years.
For professionals and self employed persons, 50% of their gross annual
income as per IT return shall be considered as the limit for issuing the SBI
credit card.
For small scale industrial units, tiny sector units the assessment norms in
vogue as per the Nayak Committee recommendations would continue.
Validity :
Credit card limit will be valid for a period of three years, subject to satisfactory
conduct of the accounts.
Repayment :
The working capital advance may be continued subject to that review every
year provided the credit summations in the account is not less than 50% of the
projected sales turnover. If the credit summations is less than 50% of projected
sales turnover. The outstanding as on the due date of review should be made
repayable in suitable monthly installments.
Interest rate :
As per extent instructions issued from time to time relating the market segment.
Refinance :
Security :
Collateral :
User SBF :
However, in case of the excellent track record, sanctioning authority may waive
collateral requirement.
Margins :
Documentation :
The credit card is a hassle free convenient banking product aimed at simplifying
the credit delivery mechanism. Cumbersome procedural aspects relating to reviews
and renewals, submission of stock statement, balance sheet and other statements are
done away with. The credit limit will be worked as detail above.
Card No.
Name
Account No.
Tel. No.
Limit Rs.
Date of issue
Valid upto
The borrower would be issued a photo card indicating sanctioned limit and validity of
the limit (sample card)
Insurance :
Bank may waive insurance of assets for equipment against the fire and other
risk up to Rs.25000/-
All eligible loan accounts sanctioned for small scale industries (other than
services) would qualify for cover under CGTFSI scheme (presently the scheme has
been introduce in five circles on pilot basis viz. New Delhi, Chandigarh, Lucknow,
Patna & Hydrabad).
Operation :
Cheque book should be issued and marked as small business credit card
account.
Pass book should be issued for mall business credit card holders.
Stock statement waived.
Brief opinion report should be recorded. Marked inquiries should be made and
recorded in the opinion report and singed by the field officer/cash officer or
officers not below that rank.
Units within a radius of 5 kilometers may be covered intensively for the issue
of credit card. This condition may be waived for such of those units already in
the book of the branch.
Inspections :
Sanction :
Control return after sanction may be sent to next higher authority for approval .
Scoring Model :
Rationale :
Signature Panel.
Magnetic Stripe
In case of State Bank Cash Plus Card, there is no expiry period but for the old
card, the date after which your card needs to be renewed is the last day of the
month indicated on your card.
Signature panel on which you must sign as soon as you’re your card. It
identifies the card as your State Bank Card Plus Card.
We uses our State Bank Cash Plus Card for cash withdrawal from ATMs.
We uses it for making the payments for purchase made at the merchant
establishments.
This study entitled “comparative study of various credit schemes of SBI V/s
other banks” will be helpful for bankers to maintain customers service policy, for
customers while deciding their financing needs and also helpful for other researchers
for further research in the future.
SBI card provides customers with an option, in addition to the existing banking credit
facilities available. With an SBI card customers can enjoy hassle-free credit facilities.
This study would help us to know about the problems that are faced by the consumers
during transactions. It would also reveal the problems that are being faced by the bank
employees while dealing with customers and would also highlight the future prospect
of SBI card.
It is very essential to know whether the study has already been conducted before. If
so, how and to what extent ? And because of this scholar has to go through all the
existing literature related to the study. SBI Card, very limited studies have been
conducted on the subject. Due to the time restrictions scholar could seek advice from
only the limited literature, which is available with the bank.
As the concept is completely under the control of various banks and RBI. So the
information is directly taken from these sources.
Conceptualization
As the concept includes two terms i.e. cash credit or working capital loans and terms
loans. Therefore both the terms are taken into consideration in the proposed study.
Due to the privatization of banking sector many big private players entered in this
sector giving a tough competition to the existing players. So, to face this stiff
competition all the public sector banks have to review their functioning. These aspects
will be given importance in this project report.
The concept of SBI card, question crops in mind what is a SBI card, What is its
shape and size, what is its function. A SBI card is nothing but a identity card
containing card holder’s photographs with signature, card no. Name, A/c No. limit,
validity period, branch code with signature of Branch Manager.
Focus of the problem
The study has been conducted at SBI Bhiwani. The main focus of the study is
to know about customer’s perceptions about various credit schemes. As SBI
card is an integral part of SBF (small business financing). So the due
weightage is given to SBI card. This study has been conducted by classifying
customers into two categories.
To find out main obstacles while getting finance under various credit
schemes.
Taking Sample has carried out the study. Therefore, all the limitations
associated with sampling.
Sometimes the respondent does not want to disclose some relevant
information.
CHAPTERISATION
The Chapterisation of the project report is as following :
Chapter –1 :
I have discussed about the relevance and importance about the
project. I have explained the topic with ATM facilities. Why this study
is required? What are the limitations? What are the objectives and
what are the steps I have adopted for doing this project.
Chapter –2 :
Chapter –3 :
It consists the detail descriptions about the raw data. Here the
complete analysis of the data, which is collected from the primary
sources. For tabulation the data is converted into the percentage and
after that it is tabulated. On the basis of this data the graph are
inserted. At last the conclusion is drawn on the basis of this data.
Chapter –4 :
It consists the appendices part of the project report in this part I have
mentioned the names of all those books, magazines, journals and
web-sites from where I have collected the material comes under the
head of bibliography. It also consists the questionnaire, which is used
for collecting the data.
Universe or survey population
All the customers availing credit schemes in Bhiwani is our universe while
the sample size is 50. The sample unit is individuals.
Sampling techniques :
Research Design
A research design is simply a plan for study in collection and analyzing the
data. It helps the researcher to conduct the study and ensure that economical
procedures are employed and probing is relevant to the problem. Depending
upon the objective of the study there is three-research design available : .
Data Collection :
Primary Data are those data which are collected to solve a problem or take
advantage of any opportunity on which a decision is depending. These data
are basically observe and recorded by the researcher for the first time used
primary data for my project work.
Secondary data are those data which are primarily collected by other person
for his own purpose.
Independent variables :
Technology
Dependent variables :
Infrastructure
YES NO
46 04
Most of the respondent are well awared about the credit facilities of
different Banks
Table No. 2
No. of respondents availing the credit facilities
YES NO
44 06
Table No. 3
Table No. 4
Most of the respondents are availing the credit facilities ranging from 1 to 3
years.
Table No. 5
Yes No
32 12
Table No. 6
The credit facilities of SBI and PNB are well known to every respondent.
Table No. 7 (a)
SBI and PNB are the most preferred banks in regard of interest rates.
Respondents are very much satisfied with SBI and PNB in respect of
collateral security requirement.
Table No. 7 (c)
Respondents appreciate the attitude of employees of the SBI, PNB and IOB.
Respondents appreciate the level of services provided by SBI, PNB and IOB.
Customers are happy with the document requirement of SBI and PNB.
Customers are very much satisfied with the renewal process of SBI and tanks to SBI
card.
Table No. 8
Security requirements are the main obstacle while availing any credit facility.
Table No. 9
Table No. 10
Table No. 11
Yes No
38 12
Table No. 12
Most of the respondents gets information about SBI card from bank employees.
Objective No. 1 :To find out the Market Potential of SBI card.
Ø Most of the respondents covered in the survey know about the SBI card and feel that this
facility is beneficial to them as they can fix the limit for three years.
Ø Customers feel very enthusiastic about the launch of SBI card in Bhiwani and very sure about
its success.
Ø Most of the respondents want an increase in existing limit i.e. 5.00 lacs.
Objective No. 2 : To know customer’s perceptions about various credit schemes of different banks.
Ø Most of the respondents like the credit facilities provided by SBI and PNB.
Ø According to most of respondents, PNB is the fastest service provider. It takes only 15 days
to disburse the sanctioned loans whereas other banks including SBI takes 40 to 45 days.
Ø PNB is offering the lowest PLR i.e. 11.25% whereas other banks are offering 11.5%.
Objective No. 3 : To find out main obstacle while getting finance under various credit schemes.
According to most of respondents, security and document requirement are the main
Suggestions
On the basis of data analysis and interpretations, the following suggestions can be made.
Ø RBI Should reduce the SLR and CRR to increase the credit creation capacity of the banks.
Ø All the nationalized banks should try to improve their service level to face the stiff
Ø Banks should reduce the time length between sanction and disbursement of loan.
Ø SBI should increase the limit under SBI card to fulfill the growing requirement of the
customers.
Ø Bank employees should bring more professionalism in their attitude while dealing with
Ø Banks should narrow down the spread between PLR and deposit rates.
Ø Banks should advertise and conduct special awareness programs to make SBI cards more
Questionnaire
Income………………………... Occupation…………………...
Q1. Are you aware of various credit facilities of banks ?
Yes No
Yes No
Q3. If yes, from which bank you are availing credit facility ?
…………………………………………………………
Yes No
…………………………………………………………..
Q.7 Tick the name of banks whose credit facilities are known to you ?
officer
Banks
SBI
PNB
UCO
OBC
CANARA
IOB
Q9. According to you what is the main obstacle while getting finance under various
credit facilities?
Q10. According to you arrange the parameters in the descending order of their
preference?
Q11. Which banks name comes to your mind first while availing credit facility and
why?
………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………..
Yes No
Q13. If yes, from where?
……………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………….