Imaging of Thoracic Organ

dr. Wita Septiyanti, SpRad

Departemen Radiologi FKUI-RSCM
Thoracic Organ
• Body skeleton 🡪 sternum, spine, ribs, chest wall, diaphragma
• Pleura
• Mediastinum (heart and great vessels)
• Lung parenchyma dan pulmonary vessels
Body skeleton
• Sternum
• Ribs ( 7 true ribs, 5 false rib
• Thoracic vertebrae (T1-T12)
• Intercostal muscles (external,
internal, innermost intercostal
muscles)
Diaphragma
• Separates the thorax from the
abdomen
• Consist of peripheral muscular
part and a central tendon
Pleura
• Visceral
• Parietal
• Cervical
• Costal
• Diaphragmatic
• mediastinal
Mediastinum
• It lies in the midline of the chest
between the pleura and axtends
from the sternum to the
vertebral
• Mediastinum can be into :
• Superior
• Anterior
• Media
• Posterior
Lung
• Lung are a pair of respiratory
organs situated in thoracic cavity
• Right lung is larger than the left
• Right lung has 3 lobes
• Left lung has 2 lobe
Modalities
• Conventional radiography
• CT scan
• MRI
• USG
CONVENTIONAL RADIOGRAPHY (PLAIN
FILMS)
• Images produced through the
use of ionizing radiation (x-rays)
• The major advantage 🡪
relatively inexpensive, portable
or mobile machines, and widely
obtained imaging studies.
• The major disadvantages of
conventional radiography are the
limited range of densities it can
demonstrate and its reliance on
ionizing radiation.
COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY
• With the use of a gantry with a
rotating x-ray beam and multiple
detectors in various arrays
• CT image 🡪pixels🡪 CT number
from –1000 to +1000 measured
🡪Hounsfield units (HU)
• CT images are displayed or
viewed🡪range of displayed
densities 🡪 the window
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
• MRI 🡪 hydrogen atoms in the
body’s 🡪 manipulated by very
strong magnetic fields and
radio-frequency pulses 🡪 produce
images
• MRI scanners are not as widely
available as CT scanners and mor
expensive
• MRI 🡪 no ionizing radiation and
produce much higher contrast
between different types of soft
tissues than even CT can
Ultrasound
• Ultrasound probes🡪 acoustic
energy 🡪 produces the ultrasonic
signal and records it🡪 produce
images
• Ultrasound scanners are relatively
inexpensive, widely available and
can be made portable, real-time
• Because ultrasound uses no
ionizing radiation🡪useful in
imaging women during pregnancy
and imaging children
Cases
Thank you
Laki-laki usia 36 tahun dengan klinis batuk,
diagnose anda?
a. TBC paru
b. Pneumonia
c. Abses paru
d. Efusi pleura
Laki-laki usia 46 tahun dengan klinis demam,
diagnose anda?
a. TBC paru
b. Massa paru
c. Abses paru
d. Efusi pleura
Perempuan 47 tahun dengan klinis sesak,
sebutkan diagnosis anda?
a. TBC paru
b. Bullae paru
c. Abses paru
d. Pneumothoraks
Wanita 56 tahun dengan klinis sesak,
diagnose anda?
a. Pneumonia
b. TBC paru
c. Efusi pleura
d. Pneumothoraks
Perempuan 37 tahun dengan klinis sesak,
sebutkan diagnosis anda?
a. TBC paru
b. Bullae paru
c. Abses paru
d. Pneumothoraks