MEng 151

MEng 151
Mechanical Engineering
Laboratory II
LABORATORY
MANUAL
TP-IMD-04 v0 No. _______
Cleo S. Bilocura
COLLEGE OF
ENGINEERING
ii
DEPARTMENT OF
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING 2021
No copies temporary or permanent, in whole or in part of this

IM shall be made without written permission from the
author/s.
Page ii of 21
Vision: A globally competitive university for science, technology, and environmental conservation.
Mission: Development of a highly competitive human resource, cutting-edge scientific knowledge TP-IMD-04
V0 07-15-2020
and innovative technologies for sustainable communities and environment.
No.
Vision
A globally competitive university for science, technology, and

environmental conservation
Mission
Development of a highly competitive human resource,

cutting-edge scientific knowledge and innovative
technologies for sustainable communities and environment.
Quality Policy
The Visayas State University (VSU) is a higher education institution created by

law to provide excellent instruction, conduct relevant research and foster
community engagement that produce highly competent graduates necessary
for the development of the country. Toward this end, we, at the Visayas State
University, commit to:
1. produce highly competent, quality and world-class manpower in
science and technology (S&T), especially for agriculture,
environmental management and industry who are proficient in
communication skills, critical thinking and analytical abilities,
2. generate and disseminate relevant knowledge and technology that
lead to improved productivity, profitability and sustainability in
agriculture, environment and industry,
3. satisfy the needs of the industry, the community and government
sector who are in need of quality graduates and technology ready for
commercialization through the establishment, operation, maintenance
and continuous improvement of a Quality Management System which
is aligned with the requirements of ISO 9001:2015.
It shall be the policy of the university that the quality policies and procedures
are communicated to and understood by all faculties, staff, students and
other stakeholders and that the system shall be continually improved for their
relevance and effectiveness.
ii
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Laboratory Manual in
Title
Page MEng 151:
Mechanical
Engineering
Laboratory II
iv
Foreword
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BONIFACIO DEDAL
College Dean
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Acknowledgment
I would like to thank the Department of Mechanical Engineering of VSU

Baybay especially to their department head Engr. Jundy R. Castil and my
colleague from MSME MSU-IIT Engr. Triponio O. Solarte Jr. for the
opportunity given to me.
Again, I would like to express my gratitude to Engr. Jundy R. Castil for
guidance and excellent supervision during the production of the laboratory
manual.
Lastly, I would like to thank you my friends and family for their continuous
support, and unlimited encouragement, particularly during the completion of
this laboratory manual.
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No.
vi
About the Author
Cleo S. Bilocura
Mechanical Engineering graduate of
Mindanao State University – Iligan Institute
of Technology batch 2010. Registered
Mechanical Engineer 2010.
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Table of Contents
Vision ii
Mission ii
Quality Policy ii
Title Page iii
Foreword iv
Acknowledgment v
About the Author/s vi
Table of Contents vii
ME Laboratory No. 1: Rankine Cycle 1
ME Laboratory No. 2: Compressors or Turbine

with Different Efficiencies 3
ME Laboratory No. 3: Fluids in the Critical

Region 6
ME Laboratory No. 4: Adiabatic Gas Expansion

between Two Tanks 8
ME Laboratory No. 5: Maxwell Relations 11
ME Laboratory No. 6: 14
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For instructional purposes only • 1st Semester SY 2021-2022 1
ME Laboratory No. 1:
Rankine Cycle
Introduction
The Rankine cycle is an idealized thermodynamic cycle describing the

process by which certain heat engines, such as steam turbines or
reciprocating steam engines, allow mechanical work to be extracted from a
fluid as it moves between a heat source and heat sink. The Rankine cycle is
named after William John Macquorn Rankine, a Scottish polymath professor
at Glasgow University. Heat energy is supplied to the system via a boiler
where the working fluid (typically water) is converted to a high-pressure
gaseous state (steam) in order to turn a turbine. After passing over the
turbine the fluid is allowed to condense back into a liquid state as waste heat
energy is rejected before being returned to boiler, completing the cycle.
Friction losses throughout the system are often neglected for the
purpose of simplifying calculations as such losses are usually much less
significant than thermodynamic losses, especially in larger systems. The
ability of a Rankine engine to harness energy depends on the relative
temperature difference between the heat source and heat sink. The greater
the differential, the more mechanical power can be efficiently extracted out of
heat energy, as per Carnot's theorem.
In this activity, the interactive simulation shows the “P-H diagram” to
see the cycle on a pressure-enthalpy diagram. Use sliders to select the inlet
pressure to the turbine, P3 and one of four outlet pressures, P4. Use a slider to
vary the turbine efficiency, ηT, which is the ratio of work produced by the
turbine to the work produced by a reversible turbine between the same inlet
and outlet pressures. The irreversible turbine pathway (η T < 1) is the dashed
black line on the P-H diagram; the reversible turbine pathway is the orange
dashed line. Select “Rankine cycle” to view a schematic of the cycle, and
select “turbine” to show the inlet and outlet conditions for the turbine and the
work generated.
Learning Outcomes
1. Examine the Rankine cycle in P-H diagram and,
2. Determine the turbine outlet temperature and pressure with variable
inlet temperature, pressure and turbine efficiency.
Materials
Below are the list of material or equipment to be used in the
experiment / simulation but not limited to:
1. Computer
2. Wolfram player
Procedure
1. Download the Wolfram application in the Mechanical Engineering

Laboratory II Moodle Classroom. Install the Wolfram.
2. Open the Rankine Cycle interactive simulation using the Wolfram

player.
3. To have a uniform observed values, input the following values:

a. For inlet pressure (P3); 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0.
b. For outlet pressure (P4); 0.01, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3.
c. Turbine efficiency (ηT); 0.6, 0.7, 0.8 and 0.9.
4. Input the values of inlet pressure (P3), outlet pressure (P4) and Turbine
efficiency (ηT) in the interactive simulation. Permutate or play with the
values provided to have a better understanding of Rankine cycle at
different condition or state.
5. Show and discuss the results and observed trend in the cycle
including the cycle efficiency. Add or include diagrams showing of
what you have measured or observed.
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6. Create the laboratory report using the report format in the Moodle
Classroom.
7. Report should follow the format mentioned below.

a. ME Laboratory report should be in PDF file.
b. File name format is, ML plus Laboratory report number_Given
name initial plus Family name. Example, ML1_CBilocura
References
➢ Experimental Methods for Engineers Eighth Edition by J. P. Holman

➢ https://learncheme.com/simulations/thermodynamics/thermo-1/rankine-cycle/
➢ Fundamentals of Engineering Thermodynamics 7th Edition by Michael J. Moran, Howard N.
Shapiro, Daisie D. Boettner, Margaret B. Bailey
➢ Fundamentals of Fluid Mechanics 6th Ed 2009 by Munson, Young, Okiishi and Huebsch
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No.
DEPARTMENT OF
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
College of Engineering
For inquiries, contact:
Jundy Castil
jundy.castil@vsu.edu.ph • dme@vsu.edu.ph
+63 53 565 0600 Local 1234
Use this code when referring to this material:

TP-IMD-04 v0 07-15-20 • No. _________
Visca, Baybay City, Leyte

Philippines 6521
information@vsu.edu.ph
+63 53 565 0600

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No copies temporary or permanent, in whole or in part of this

A globally competitive university for science, technology, and

Development of a highly competitive human resource,

The Visayas State University (VSU) is a higher education institution created by

Phasellusmalesuada tempus mauris, id consequatturpismolliseu. Vestibulum

I would like to thank the Department of Mechanical Engineering of VSU

About the Author

ME Laboratory No. 1: Rankine Cycle 1

ME Laboratory No. 2: Compressors or Turbine

ME Laboratory No. 3: Fluids in the Critical

ME Laboratory No. 4: Adiabatic Gas Expansion

ME Laboratory No. 5: Maxwell Relations 11

The Rankine cycle is an idealized thermodynamic cycle describing the

1. Download the Wolfram application in the Mechanical Engineering

2. Open the Rankine Cycle interactive simulation using the Wolfram

3. To have a uniform observed values, input the following values:

7. Report should follow the format mentioned below.

➢ Experimental Methods for Engineers Eighth Edition by J. P. Holman

For inquiries, contact:

Use this code when referring to this material:

Visca, Baybay City, Leyte

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