11

21ST CENTURY
LITERATURE FROM THE
PHILIPPINES AND THE
WORLD
LEARNER’S ACTIVITY SHEET
Quarter 1 -Week 2:
Representative texts and authors
from each region in the
Philippines
21st CENTURY LITERATURE – Grade 11
Learner's Activity Sheet
Quarter 1 -Week 2: Representative texts and authors from each region in the
Philippines
First Edition, 2021

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist
in any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior
approval of the government agency or office wherein the work is created
shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency
or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of
royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos,

brand names, trademarks, etc.) included in this module/activity sheet
are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been
exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from
their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not
represent nor claim ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Beverly A. Nacional
Editors:
Reviewers:
Illustrator:
Layout Artist:
Management Team:

Marilyn B. Siao
Elena S. De Luna
Ma. Luz I. Orbe
Cecilia A. Arga
Ma. John Ray Rosales

Printed in the Philippines by ________________________

Department of Education – Schools Division of Catbalogan City

Office Address: Purok 4, Barangay Payao, Catbalogan City
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E-mail Address: depedcatbalogancitydivision15@gmail.com
 LEARNER’S ACTIVITY SHEET IN GRADE 11 - Representative
texts and authors from each region in the Philippines
QUARTER 1, WEEK 2

Name: ___________________________________________Grade & Section: _____________________

School: __________________________________________ Teacher: _____________________________

MELC: Identify representative texts and authors from each region (e.g. engage in
oral history research with focus on key personalities from the students’
region/province/town).

Specific Learning Objectives:

• discover the richness of Philippine literature through varied texts and authors
from selected provinces;
• respond to a text through a critical interpretation of specific literary elements
of the genre; and
• appreciate deeply ingrained Filipino values, beliefs, and traditions reflected in
their regional literature.

General Reminders: Use this activity sheet with care. Do not put unnecessary
mark/s on any part of the activity sheet. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering
the exercises. Read the directions carefully before doing each task. Return this
activity sheet to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.

I. Explore
Direction: Match the regions of our country in Column A to the
names of provinces in Column B. Write your answer on a separate
sheet of paper.

Column A Column B
1. REGION I a. CAGAYAN VALLEY
2. REGION II b. ILOCOS
3. REGION III c. CALABARZON
4. REGION IV-A d. CENTRAL LUZON
5. REGION V e. WESTERN VISAYAS
6. REGION VI f. BICOL
7. REGION VII g. EASTERN VISAYAS
8. REGION VIII h. CENTRAL VISAYAS
9. REGION IX i. NORTHERN MINDANAO
10.REGION X j. ZAMBOANGA PENINSULA
11.REGION XI k. SOCCSKSARGEN
12.REGION XII l. DAVAO
13.REGION XIII m. CARAGA
II. Learn

What is it

The country’s rich repertoire of literary masterpieces may be rooted from the diverse
cultural heritage of the Filipino people. From the mighty roar of the uplanders from
the North to the fiery temperament of the lowlanders from the South, the Filipinos
have produced varied texts that speak of the collective experiences of a people that
have gone through difficulties, triumphs, struggles, successes, armed conflicts,
bloodless revolutions, and others that resonated loud and clear in the whole of the
Philippine archipelago. In this Learning activity sheets, you will encounter
representative texts and authors coming from the different parts of the country. You
will be able to identify how these texts reflect the aspirations, goals, and values of a
people who have arisen from more than three centuries of subjugation from colonial
masters to become the unified, developing country that it is now.

A TASTE OF PHILIPPINE POETRY

Located in the northwest of Luzon, the IIocos Region or Region 1 is comprised of
four provinces namely: Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, La Union and Pangasinan. It is
bordered to the west by the turbulent South China Sea, to the east by the Cordillera
Administrative Region, the northeast and southeast by Cagayan Valley and the
south by Central Luzon. Most of the inhabitants of the Ilocano homeland is
concentrated along a narrow coastal plain and because of geographical boundaries,
these people often experience heavy rains and tumultuous typhoons especially
during rainy seasons.

The region, then, takes pride of long stretches of white sand and clear waters
alongside its rich cultural heritage. What you are about to read is a poem written
by a Carlos Palanca Memorial Awardee in Poetry in 1964, Carlos A. Angeles. His
collection of poems entitled, Stun of Jewels, also bagged him the Republic Cultural
Heritage Award in Literature in the same year.

Gabu
by Carlos A. Angeles

The battering restlessness of the sea

Insists a tidal fury upon the beach
At Gabu, and its pure consistency
Havos the wasteland hard within its reach.
Brutal the daylong bashing of its heart Source: http://www.goodreads.com/author/
Against the seascape where, for miles around,show/220633.Carlos_A_Angeles

Farther than sight itself, the rock- stones part

And drop into the elemental wound.
 The waste of centuries is grey and dead
And neutral where the sea has beached its brine,
Where the spilt salt of its heart lies spread
Among the dark habiliments of Time.
The vital splendor misses. For here, here
At Gabu where the ageless tide recurs
All things forfeited are most loved and dear.

It is the sea pursues a habit of shores.

A Moment of Silence
Gabu depicts a coastline in Ilocos that is constantly experiencing the battering
restlessness of the sea. The water that comes back to the shore seems furious and
ruthless with its daylong bashing which havocs the wasteland. Being an
archipelagic country, the Philippines knows the importance of the water and the
sea. They are representations of life. If all things forfeited are most loved and dear,
what are those that are forfeited in life? Which are not? The form or structure of
the poem is simple. It is composed of four quatrains, a stanza with four lines, with
the last line of the fourth quatrain being set off.

A TASTE OF TAGALOG ESSAY

More popularly known now as the CALABARZON
referring to the provinces of Cavite, Laguna, Batangas,
Rizal, and Quezon, Region IV-A is home to Tagalog
speaking people in the Philippines. Recognized all over
the country for their bravery and fearlessness in
battles, CALABARZON has participated actively in the
country’s fight for freedom and democracy. It is home
to many a Philippine hero foremost and among them
CALABARZON Map
are: Rizal of Laguna, Mabini of Batangas, Aguinaldo
of Cavite

The blog you are about to read is a critical essay about the power of the Filipino
language in combatting colonial mentality and commercialism. Discover how some
of the prominent writers of the Region like Efren Abueg, Rogelio Ordoñez, Edgardo
Reyes, Dominador Mirasol and Rogelio Sikat compiled their written works in the
vernacular to prove that the Tagalog short story could stream once again into the
parched desert-like state of the Filipino state of mind.
 Mga Agos sa Disyerto
(first published in 1964) is a collec-
tion of short stories written by promi-
nent Filipino authors. Powerful and
compelling, this compilation of pure
fiction talked about some of the real
problems faced by Filipinos all over
the country. It reached out to a num-
ber of readers as it used the vernac-
ular language, a language under-
standable especially to the masses.

Source: https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/15640993

 Try to answer the guide questions below to direct you in understanding

the whole text.

Aug 2009 by SIGLIWA

Salubungin ang (Bagong) Daluyong ng mga Agos sa Disyerto

SA PANAHONG tila natutuyuan ang mga linang ng panitikan noong gitnang bahagi
ng dekada ’60, dumaloy ang mga akda nina Efren R. Abueg, Dominador B. Mirasol,
Rogelio L. Ordo-ñez, Edgardo M. Reyes at Rogelio R. Sikat, sa aklat katipunang Mga
Agos sa Disyerto.

Unang buhos ng daluyong ay noong 1964 at isang dekada ang lumipas, muling
umalon at binasa ang namimitak na lupain ng panitikang Filipino nang mailimbag
ang ikalawang edisyon ng Mga Agos sa Disyerto noong 1974.

Huling sargo ng daluyong ng Agos ay 16 na taon ang nakararaan, nang

lumabas ang ikat-long edisyon nito noong 1993.

Ngayon, sa panahong sampu isang pera ang patakbuhing literaturang patuloy na

lumuluoy sa diwa at kaluluwa ng mga Pilipino, muling nagbabanta ang pagbugso ng
mga Agos sa Disyerto

1. In what language was the text, Mga Agos sa Disyerto written?

2. What did this collection aim to accomplish?
Pananalamin sa tubig ng katotohanang panlipunan
Sinalamin ng 25 akdang isinama sa Agos (na 20 lamang noong ika-2 edisyon)
katotohanang umiiral sa lipunan. Binigyang mukha ng mga ito ang kalagayan ng
karaniwang tao, maging ang pingkian ng kapangyarihan at karumaldumal na
karalitaan at kawalanghiyaang umiiral sa ating lipunan.Nilaro ng mga akda ang
emosyon at kaisipan, na bagaman ginagawa na noon, hindi ganoong kahantad.
1. How many short stories in Tagalog were included in the compilation?
2. What did this text contain?

Karalitaan at ang mga Clemenia, Carina, at iba pang babae sa dampang may
ilaw-dagitab sa lipunang Pilipino

Prostitusyon, anila, ang pinakamatandang propesyon sa daigdig. Sa Bibliya,

maraming puta. Karamihan sa kanila, nasa templo mismo ni Yahweh.
Sa kasalukuyan, pagtantiya ng Amihan (Pambansang Kalipunan ng
Kababaihang Magbubukid), nasa 800,000 noong 2005, ang mga kababaihang
nasadlak sa prostitusyon bunga ng kahirapan.
Sa mga kuwentong Mapanglaw ang Mukha ng Buwan at Ang Lungsod ay
Isang Dagat ni Abueg at Di Maabot ng Kawalang Malay ni Edgardo M. Reyes,
tinalakay ang isyu ng prostitusyon.
Batay sa pagtaya ng Amihan, 200,000 kababaihang napilitang magputa para
lamang may maipakain sa kanilang mga pamilya, ang nasa kanayunang giyagis pa
rin ng karalitaan. At karamihan sa kanila, ang puri ang bayad para sa ilang kilong
bigas.
Saglit na nag-atubili si Clemenia. Subalit nang manlalim sa kanyang paningin
ang mga guhit sa mukha ni Aling Maring ay maliksi niyang dinampot ang isang
panyuwelong itim sa sandalan ng silya at ipinugong iyon sa kanyang buhok…
Ngunit hindi lamang si Clemenia ang nagputa sa kuwento ni Abueg, maging
si Mang Itoy. Isinuong niya ang dangal at buhay para lamang mailigtas ang buhay
ng naghihingalong asawa.Karalitaan din ang nagb bunsod sa ina ni Ida, kung bakit
naging kalapati itong mababa ang lipad, sa kuwento ni Reyes (Di Maabot…).
“M-magugulat si… si Emy,” ang sabi ni Ida. “’Kala siguro n’ya, di tayo… di
tayo nagkakaro’n ng pansit! ‘Kala siguro n’ya, panay lu…lugaw ang kinakain natin!”
Sa puntong ito, hindi na kagulat-gulat kung bakit marami ang babaing
nagsasangla ng kanilang puri at parang pansit na sumabulat, gaya nang dala ni Ida
na ibibigay sana sa kalaro, at humagis pakalat, hanggang sa makutim na na labak
sa kanal: dahil maraming pamilya pa rin ang lublob sa kahirapan.

1. What social problem(s) was presented by Edgardo M. Reyes in his

Mapanglaw ang Mukha ng Buwan and by Efren R. Abueg in his Ang Lungsod
ay Isang and Di Maabot ng Kawalang Malay?
2. According to the text, why is this a seemingly prominent problem in the
Philippines?
3. How do you think can we combat this problem in our present time?
A TASTE OF CREATIVE NONFICTION

The island of Visayas is one of the major geographical divisions in the Philippines;
the other two being Luzon and Mindanao. Located in the middle of the Philippine
archipelago and subdivided into Western, Central and Eastern Visayas, the Visayas
region is comprised of several islands circling the Visayan Sea. Its people, therefore,
share a sea-based culture and tradition that may be rooted to very strong religious
foundations.
The dwelling place of many festivals such the Ati-Atihan, Dinagyang, Sinulog,
Pintados, Maskara, and Manaragat Festival, the Visayas may indeed be considered
as one of the cradles of Philippine civilization.
The text you are about to encounter is written by a native Visayan who was
born in Maribojoc, Bohol. Considered by many as a feminist Filipina who strongly
promotes women’s rights, Marjorie Evasco is not only a Don Carlos Palanca
Memorial Awardee but also recipient to several accolades here and abroad.
Dreamweavers
Marjorie Evasco

We are entitled to our own

definitions of the worlds
we have in common:
earth house (stay)
water well (carry)
fire stove (tend)
air song (sigh)
ether dream (died)
and try out new combinations
with key words
unlocking power
house on fire sing!
stove under water stay.
earth filled well die.
The spells and spellings
Of our vocabularies
Are oracular
In translation
One woman in Pagnito-an
Another in Solentiname
Still another in Harxheim
And many other women
Naming
Half the world together
can move their earth
must house their fire
be water to their song
will their dreams
  Marjorie Evasco’s poem seem to not follow the traditional stanzaic formula. It
appears to deliberately deviate from the norm. The first set-off list of
vocabulary words is referencing to the stereotypical roles that women play in
society.
 They are the mothers – assigned to cleaning the house, cooking for the family,
taking care of the children, being the light of the house. But the poem ends
with more word combinations or expressions that suggest various possibilities
for women.

III. Engage

What I Learned/Generalizations
1. Directions: Delve deeper into the poem Gabu by Carlos A.
Angeles using the graphic organizer. You may re-read the poem
to get the details that would complete the organizer.

Title of the Text:

Author:

QUESTIONS RESPONSE

TOPIC

What is the text all about?

SITUATION

What is the setting referred to or

described in the text?

CLIENT

Who is the target group of readers of the

text?

How would you describe the group in

terms of skills, values, beliefs and
attitudes?

PURPOSE

Why was the text written? What

does it hope to achieve especially
among its client?
 PERSONA
Who is the voice behind the text?
What is known about him or her?

2. Directions: In a conservative society such as ours, women have always taken

the supporting part, the secondary position as compared to their male counterparts.
In the concept map below, write ideas, even insights that define your concept of a
woman in the 21st century. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

IV. Apply

What I Can Do (Portfolio Making)

Directions: Search or conduct and interview among the members
of your family about poems, legends, myths or stories from Samar
that they know and make a compilation of these literary forms using a
portfolio.
Rubrics:

5 3 1
Content The compilation The compilation The compilation
contains 5 literary contains 3 literary contains 3 literary
pieces. pieces. pieces.
 Creativity The compilation The compilation The compilation
maximized the use of utilized audio or visual utilized MS Word
multimedia such as presentation. only.
audiobook or
storytelling.

Promptness The compilation is The compilation is The compilation is

passed ahead of passed on time. passed after the
time. deadline.

V. Post Test
Direction: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write the letter
of your choice in a separate sheet of paper.

1. Philippine regional literature can be BEST described as –

a. Dynamic c. Spoken
b. Outdated d. Traditional
2. An element in poetry that refers to the image or picture created in the minds
of readers that helps give light to the main idea is –
a. Form c. Rhythm
b. Imagery d. Sound patter
3. A valid observation of literary development in the Philippines is that –
a. History is recorded only in the oral tradition of the country
b. No literature could reflect the richness of our country’s experiences.
c. Literary masterpieces are written by great persons with great
remembrances.
d. Literature developed alongside Philippine history
4. A Carlos Palanca Memorial Awardee in Poetry in 1964 who wrote the collection of
poems entitled the Stun of Jewels.
a. Efren R. Abueg c. Edgardo M. Reyes
b. Carlos A. Angeles d. Marjorie Evasco
5. Philippine regional literature has become rich and varied because of_______.
a. the contributions of numerous artists who patterned after the
Western literary masters.
b. the nationalistic fervor of texts written in various stages of our
history as a nation.
c. various topics used as themes by the writers and their alignment to
world events.
d. the archipelagic nature of the Philippines, its geographical features,
and the presence of various ethno-linguistic groups in the country
6. Considered by many as a feminist Filipina who strongly promotes women’s rights
and wrote the poem Dreamweavers.
a. Marjorie Evasco c. Edgardo M. Reyes
b. Carlos A. Angeles d. Efren R. Abueg
7. The development of literature in the Philippines __________.
a. is given life only in the oral tradition of the country.
b. could reflect the richness of our country’s resources.
c. may be attributed to both local and foreign influences.
d. grew and prospered alongside the country’s history.
8. It is considered the imaginative works of poetry and prose.
a. Literature c. Genre
b. Convention d. Art
9. Many Filipino authors, writers, or poets are encouraged to use the mother tongue
as the medium of expression in their craft because _______.
a. Readers fail to comprehend a piece not written in either English or Tagalog.
b. Our people’s culture and tradition are upheld through this despite effects of
colonization or even modernity.
c. The expression of thoughts, feelings, and ideas of a writer are emphasized in
the personalized codes that they use.
d. The continuous flow of feelings and insights are inhibited when a foreign
language is used instead.
10. A statement of fact about Philippine regional literature is _______.
a. It mirrors the deeply ingrained Filipino values, culture and tradition
even when keeping up with the changing times.
b. It reflects the conservatism of indigenous folks who have maintained a
backward expression style.
c. It embraces only the written compilation of literary works in various
styles and genres.
d. It depicts the influences of various colonizers that occupied the
country for more than three centuries
11. Because of the archipelagic nature of the Philippines, its geographical features,
and the presence of various ethno-linguistic groups in the country,
regional literature has become ____________.
a. Anti-modern and traditional c. Rich and varied
b. Short yet vivid d. Nationalistic
12. It is a poem written by Carlos A. Angeles which depicts a coastline in Ilocos that
is constantly experiencing the battering restlessness of the sea.
a. Dreamweavers c. Gabu
b. Agos sa Disyert d. Karalitaan at ang mga Clemenia
13. It is a collection of short stories written by prominent Filipino authors like Efren
Abueg, Rogelio Ordoñez, Edgardo Reyes, Dominador Mirasol and Rogelio Sikat
a. Dreamweavers c. Gabu
b. Agos sa Disyert d. Karalitaan at ang mga Clemenia
14. It is a poem written by Marjorie Evasco which tells the strength of any woman,
both physically, spiritually and mentally.
a. Dreamweavers c. Gabu
b. Agos sa Disyert d. Karalitaan at ang mga Clemenia
15. The festival that is being celebrated every year in Catbalogan City
a. Sinulog c. Maskara
b. Pintados d. Manaragat
Reference
Books:
1. Noel D. Anciado Et al. (2020), 21st Century Literature from the Philippines and
the World, SLM, Printed in the Philippines by the Department of Education

Answers Key

15. D
14. A
13. B 13. M
12. C 12. K
11. C 11. L
10. A 10. I
9. B 9. J
8. A 8. G
7. D 7. H
6. A 6. E
5. D 5. F
4. B 4. C
3. D 3. D
2. B 2. A
1. A 1. B
POST-TEST Activity 1