The 

English Wikipedia is the English-language edition of the free online

encyclopedia Wikipedia. It was founded on 15 January 2001 as Wikipedia's first edition and, as
of June 2021, has the most articles of any edition, at 6,384,676.[2] As of September 2021, 11%
of articles in all Wikipedias belong to the English-language edition. This share has gradually
declined from more than 50 percent in 2003, due to the growth of Wikipedias in other
languages.[3][4] The edition's one-billionth edit was made on 13 January 2021.[5] The English
Wikipedia has received praise for its enablement of democratization of knowledge and extent
of coverage.[6]
The Simple English Wikipedia (simplewiki) is a variation in which most articles use only basic
English vocabulary. There is also the Old English (Ænglisc/Anglo-Saxon) Wikipedia (angwiki),
as well as a test "incubator" version for the Middle English Wikipedia (emmwiki).

Contents

 1Pioneering edition
 2Size
 3Wikipedians
o 3.1English Wikipedia editor numbers
o 3.2Arbitration committee
 4Controversies
o 4.1English varieties
o 4.2Disputed articles
o 4.3Threats against high schools
 5Wikiprojects, and assessments of articles' importance and quality
 6Graphics
 7Internal news publications
 8See also
 9Footnotes
 10References
 11External links

Pioneering edition
See also: Wikipedia:Milestones
The English Wikipedia was the first Wikipedia edition and has remained the largest. It has
pioneered many ideas as conventions, policies or features which were later adopted by
Wikipedia editions in some of the other languages. These ideas include "featured articles",
[7]
 the neutral-point-of-view policy,[8] navigation templates,[9] the sorting of short "stub" articles
into sub-categories,[10] dispute resolution mechanisms such as mediation and arbitration,[11] and
weekly collaborations.[12]
The English Wikipedia has adopted features from Wikipedias in other languages. These
features include verified revisions from the German Wikipedia and town population-lookup
templates from the Dutch Wikipedia.
Although the English Wikipedia stores images and audio files, as well as text files, many of the
images have been moved to Wikimedia Commons with the same name, as passed-through
files. However, the English Wikipedia also has fair-use images and audio/video files (with
copyright restrictions), most of which are not allowed on Commons.
Many of the most active participants in the Wikimedia Foundation, and the developers of
the MediaWiki software that powers Wikipedia, are English-speaking users.

Size

Steven Pruitt, as of August 2021, has made more edits on the English Wikipedia than any other editor

The English Wikipedia surpassed six million articles on 23 January 2020.[13] In August 2020, the
total volume of the compressed texts of the English Wikipedia's articles amounted to
18.6 gigabytes.[14]
The edition's one-billionth edit was made on 13 January 2021 by Ser Amantio di
Nicolao (Steven Pruitt), who is the user with the highest number of edits on the English
Wikipedia, at over four million.[5]

English Wikipedia statistics

Number of user Number of Number of Number of

accounts articles files administrators

42,288,877 6,384,676 894,518 1,081

Wikipedians
The English Wikipedia reached 4,000,000 registered user accounts on 1 April 2007,[15] just a
little over a year since the millionth Wikipedian registered an account in late February 2006.[16]
Over 1,100,000 editors have edited Wikipedia more than 10 times.[17] Over 30,000 editors
perform more than 5 edits per month, and a little over 3,000 perform more than 100 edits per
month.[18] By 24 November 2011, a total of 500 million edits had been performed on the English
Wikipedia.[citation needed]
As the largest Wikipedia edition, and because English is such a widely used language, the
English Wikipedia draws many users and editors whose native language is not English. Such
users may seek information from the English Wikipedia rather than the Wikipedia of their native
language because the English Wikipedia tends to contain more information about general
subjects. Often bringing in new perspectives, a strong motivation to contribute for them is to
increase the coverage of topics outside the English world for an international audience and to
enrich existing topics with missing information from non-English countries, thereby helping to
reduce systemic bias. Successful collaborations have been developed between non-native
English speakers who successfully add content to the English Wikipedia and native English
speakers who act as copyeditors for them.[citation needed]

English Wikipedia editor numbers

Number of editors on the English Wikipedia over time.

On March 1, 2014, The Economist, in an article titled "The Future of Wikipedia", cited a trend
analysis concerning data published by the Wikimedia Foundation stating that "[t]he number of
editors for the English-language version has fallen by a third in seven years."[19] The attrition
rate for active editors in English Wikipedia was cited by The Economist as substantially in
contrast to statistics for Wikipedia in other languages (non-English Wikipedia). The
Economist reported that the number of contributors with an average of five or more edits per
month was relatively constant since 2008 for Wikipedia in other languages at approximately
42,000 editors within narrow seasonal variances of about 2,000 editors up or down. The
number of active editors in English Wikipedia, by sharp comparison, was cited as peaking in
2007 at approximately 50,000 and dropping to 30,000 by the start of 2014.
In contrast, the trend analysis published in The Economist presents Wikipedia in other
languages (non-English Wikipedia) as successful in retaining their active editors on a
renewable and sustained basis, with their numbers remaining relatively constant at
approximately 42,000.[19] No comment was made concerning which of the differentiated edit
policy standards from Wikipedia in other languages (non-English Wikipedia) would provide a
possible alternative to English Wikipedia for effectively ameliorating substantial editor attrition
rates on the English-language Wikipedia.[20]

Arbitration committee
Main article: Arbitration Committee
The English Wikipedia has an arbitration committee (also known as ArbCom) that consists of a
panel of editors that imposes binding rulings with regard to disputes between other editors of
the online encyclopedia.[21] The committee was created by Jimmy Wales on 4 December 2003
as an extension of the decision-making power he had formerly held as owner of the site.[22][23]
When initially founded, the committee consisted of 12 arbitrators divided into three groups of
four members each.[22][24] Since then, the committee has gradually expanded its membership to
18 arbitrators.[25][failed verification]
As with other aspects of the English Wikipedia, some of Wikipedia's sister projects have
emulated the arbitration committee with their own similar versions.[26] For instance, in 2007, an
arbitration committee was founded on the German Wikipedia called the Schiedsgericht [de].[27]
Controversies
Main article: Criticism of Wikipedia
See also: Wikipedia Seigenthaler biography incident and Essjay controversy

English varieties
One controversy in the English Wikipedia concerns which national variety of the English
language is to be preferred, with the most commonly advocated candidates being American
English and British English.[28] Perennial suggestions range from standardizing upon a single
form of English to forking the English Wikipedia project. A style guideline states, "the English
Wikipedia has no general preference for a major national variety of the language" and "an
article on a topic that has strong ties to a particular English-speaking nation uses the
appropriate variety of English for that nation".[29] An article should use spelling and grammar
variants consistently; for example, color and colour are not to be used in the same article, since
they represent American and British English, respectively. The guide also states that an article
must remain in its original national variant.
There has been a similar issue in the Chinese-language Wikipedia concerning regional
differences in writing. Efforts toward a language fork for Portuguese Wikipedia have failed, but
those regarding Norwegian Wikipedia succeeded.
Andrew Lih wrote that the English Wikipedia "didn't have the chance to go through a debate
over whether there should be a British English Wikipedia or an American English Wikipedia"
because the English Wikipedia was the original edition.[30][clarification needed] Editors agreed to use U.S.
spellings for primarily American topics and British spellings for primarily British topics. In 2009
Lih wrote, "No doubt, American spellings tend to dominate by default just because of sheer
numbers."[31]

Disputed articles
A 2013 study from Oxford University concluded that the most disputed articles on the English
Wikipedia tended to be broader issues, while on other language Wikipedias the most disputed
articles tended to be regional issues; this is due to the English language's status as a
global lingua franca, which means that many who edit the English Wikipedia have English as
their second language. The study stated that the most disputed entries on the English
Wikipedia were: George W. Bush, anarchism, Muhammad, list of WWE personnel, global
warming, circumcision, United States, Jesus, race and intelligence, and Christianity.[32]

Threats against high schools

Several incidents of threats of violence against high schools on Wikipedia have been reported
in the mainstream press.[33][34][35] The Glen A. Wilson High School was the subject of such a
threat in 2008,[33][34][35] and a 14-year-old was arrested for making a threat against Niles West
High School on Wikipedia in 2006.[36]

Wikiprojects, and assessments of articles' importance

and quality
Main article: WikiProject
A "WikiProject" is a group of contributors who want to work together as a team to improve
Wikipedia. These groups often focus on a specific topic area (for example, women's history), a
specific location or a specific kind of task (for example, checking newly created pages). The
English Wikipedia currently has over 2,000 WikiProjects and activity varies.[37]
In 2007, in preparation for producing a print version, the English Wikipedia introduced an
assessment scale of the quality of articles.[38] Articles are rated by WikiProjects. The range of
quality classes begins with "Stub" (very short pages), followed by "Start", "C" and "B" (in
increasing order of quality). Community peer review is needed for the article to enter one of the
highest quality classes: either "good article", "A" or the highest, "featured article". Of the about
4.4 million articles and lists assessed as of March 2015, a little more than 5,000 (0.12%) are
featured articles, and fewer than 2,000 (0.04%) are featured lists. One featured article per day,
as selected by editors, appears on the main page of Wikipedia.[39][40]
The articles can also be rated for "importance" as judged by a WikiProject. Currently, there are
five importance categories: "low", "mid", "high", "top", and "???" for unclassified/uncertain level.
For a particular article, different WikiProjects may assign different importance levels.
The Wikipedia Version 1.0 Editorial Team has developed a table (shown below) that displays
data of all rated articles by quality and importance, on the English Wikipedia. If an article or list
receives different ratings by two or more WikiProjects, then the highest rating is used in the
table, pie-charts, and bar-chart. The software regularly auto-updates the data.
Researcher Giacomo Poderi found that articles tend to reach featured status via the intensive
work of a few editors.[41] A 2010 study found unevenness in quality among featured articles and
concluded that the community process is ineffective in assessing the quality of articles.[42]

Quality-wise distribution of over 5.5 million articles and lists on the English Wikipedia, as of
29 January 2017[43]

  Featured articles (0.11%)

  Featured lists (0.04%)
  A class (0.03%)
  Good articles (0.50%)
  B class (2.00%)
  C class (4.32%)
  Start class (26.41%)
  Stub class (53.01%)
  Lists (3.65%)
  Unassessed (9.94%)

Importance-wise distribution of over 5.5 million articles and lists on the English Wikipedia, as of
29 January 2017[43]

  Top (0.91%)
  High (3.20%)
  Medium (12.21%)
  Low (51.68%)
  ??? (32.00%)

All rated articles by quality and importance

 Importance

Quality Top High Mid Low ??? Total

 FA 1,401 2,229 2,160 1,537 167 7,494

 FL 165 605 668 621 107 2,166

 A 301 616 742 494 89 2,242

 GA 2,745 6,356 12,758 15,566 1,698 39,123

B 14,519 28,104 45,090 46,119 17,194 151,026

108,24
C 14,352 44,790 199,207 69,151 435,747
7

377,16
Start 18,720 88,011 1,242,997 378,101 2,104,995
6

277,17
Stub 4,441 32,387 2,510,513 853,191 3,677,707
5

List 4,320 14,952 45,555 145,852 77,054 287,733

218,05 869,56
Assessed 60,964 4,162,906 1,396,752 6,708,233
0 1

Unassesse
117 505 1,655 15,843 417,130 435,250
d

Total 61,081 218,55 871,21 4,178,749 1,813,882 7,143,483

 5 6

500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Top
High
Medium
Low
???

   Featured articles
   Featured lists
   A-class articles
   Good articles
   B-class articles
   C-class articles
   Start-class articles
   Stub articles
   Lists
   Unassessed articles and lists

Graphics


Percentages of articles written in various language families. In March 2013, 16.76% of articles
were in English.
 
 

The countries in which the English Wikipedia is the most popular language version of Wikipedia
are shown in red.
 


Top 25 contributor countries to the English Wikipedia. Dark green: Native English speaking
countries; light green: countries with English as a foreign language.[44]
 


In April 2009, the Wikimedia Foundation conducted a usability study on the English Wikipedia,
questioning users about the editing mechanism.[45]
 


Video marking English Wikipedia's milestone of five million articles on 1 November 2015
 


Page views by country over time on the English Wikipedia

 showBar chart, origin of edits

Internal news publications

See also: The Signpost

Community-produced news publications include The Signpost.[47] The Signpost (previously

known as The Wikipedia Signpost[48]) is the English Wikipedia's newspaper.[47][49][50] It is managed
by the Wikipedia community and is published online weekly.[47][51] Each edition contains stories
and articles related to the Wikipedia community.[52][53] A wide range of editors contribute articles
and other pieces.[47] Some of the editors make minor changes in the existing contributions.
The publication was founded in January 2005 by Wikipedia administrator and later Chair of
the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees, Michael Snow.[47][48][54] Originally titled The
Wikipedia Signpost, it was later shortened to simply The Signpost.[48][55] The newspaper reports
on Wikipedia events including Arbitration Committee rulings,[56] Wikimedia Foundation issues,
[57]
 and other Wikipedia-related projects.[58] Snow continued to contribute as a writer to The
Signpost until his appointment to the Board of Trustees of the Wikimedia Foundation in
February 2008.[59]
Investigative journalism by The Signpost in 2015 on changes to freedom of
panorama copyright restrictions in Europe was covered by publications in multiple languages
including German,[60] Italian,[61] Polish,[62] and Russian.[63] Wikipedia users Gamaliel and Go
Phightins! became editors-in-chief of The Signpost in January 2015; prior editor-in-chief The
ed17 noted that during his tenure the publication expanded its scope by including more
reporting on the wider Wikimedia movement and English Wikipedia itself.[64] In a letter to
readers upon the newspaper's tenth anniversary, the new co-editors-in-chief stressed the
importance of maintaining independence from the Wikimedia Foundation in their reporting.[65]
The Signpost has been the subject of academic analysis in publications including Sociological
Forum,[66] the social movements journal Interface,[67] and New Review of Academic
Librarianship;[68] and was consulted for data on Wikipedia by researchers from Los Alamos
National Laboratory and Dartmouth College.[69] It has garnered generally positive reception from
media publications including The New York Times,[70] The Register,[71] Nonprofit Quarterly,
[72]
 and Heise Online.[73] John Broughton's 2008 book Wikipedia: The Missing Manual called The
Signpost "essential reading for ambitious new Wikipedia editors".[74]
Other past and present community news publications include the "WikiWorld" web comic,
the Wikipedia Weekly podcast, and newsletters of specific WikiProjects like The
Bugle from WikiProject Military History and the monthly newsletter from The Guild of Copy
Editors. There are also a number of publications from the Wikimedia Foundation and
multilingual publications such as the Wikimedia Blog and This Month in Education

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