1.

-Nutrition is the mechanism by which the body of a certain organism utilizes food that
is in relation to the dietary needs of our body; it also gives immunity to prevent us
from different kinds of illnesses and infections, and it is necessary for every organism
since it provides energy to carry out their daily tasks.
- Food is a substance that is ingested by an organism in order to obtain energy that
keeps the body running and stimulate growth and development.
-Nutrient is a substance that is chemical that can be found in foods which helps
maintain the body of an organism to function properly.
-Digestion is the process of converting food into smaller molecules.
-Absorption is an action by which the body absorbs the nutrients found in the foods
toward the bloodstream.
-Metabolism pertains to the chemical reaction that takes place within an organism.
REFERENCES:
Davis, Charles. (2019). Medical Definition of Nutrition. Retrieved from
https://www.medicinenet.com/nutrition/definition.html
Turickki, J. (2020). Digestion and Absorption. Retrieved from
https://teachmephysiology.com/gastrointestinal-system/small-intestine/digestion-and-absorption/
Blanco, A. (2017). Metabolism. Retrieved from
https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/metabolism
Newman, T. (2020). Introduction to Nutrition. Retrieved from
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/170774

2.  In your own words, explain the digestion process and the organs responsible for
each activity/process.

The digestive process converts food's raw material into nutrients and energy, which
are essential for our survival. The process starts with the food being placed in the
oral cavity, which is where liquid and food are ingested. The esophagus then acts
as a food route, carrying food from the mouth to the stomach. The food enters the
stomach, which is where it is mostly housed, and is mixed with stomach secretions,
resulting in a chyme. The chyme travels through the pyloric sphincter, allowing it to
reach the duodenum, the first segment of the small intestine, where body fluids
break down the chemical components and nutrients are removed before being
transported to the jejunum and ileum, where they are absorbed. The small intestine
has three supporting organs that helps in the digestion process and this includes the
liver that produces bile to break down fats and extract the toxins, pancreas which
produces enzymes that also helps in breaking down the fats, proteins and
carbohydrates of the food and lastly the location for the storage of bile is the
gallbladder.

3. What are the six classes of nutrients and their functions? Briefly explain each.
-Proteins are the building blocks of life that is made up of amino acids. They are
found in most of the plant and animal products we eat.
 - Carbohydrates are necessary food nutrients that provides energy and fuel to the
body.
- Fat is a nutrient present in food that is the most concentrated kind of energy
available to humans.
-Vitamins are organic molecules that come from plants or animals and it is an
essential nutrient that an organism requires in limited amounts.
- Minerals are inorganic molecules that originate in the earth and play a significant
function in a variety of biological systems. They are required to achieve and
maintain good health.
- Water is an essential compound that aids in the regulation of temperature and the
maintenance of other bodily functions.
Hernandez, A. (2018). 6 Essential Nutrients and Their Functions. Retrieved from
https://healthyeating.stgate.com/6-essential-nutrients-functions-4877.html
Ferriera, Mandy. (2020). 6 Essential Nutrients and Why Your Body Needs Them.
Retrieved from https://www.healthline.com1/health/food-nutrition/six-essential-nutrients

4. Find the number of kilocalories:

12g Carbohydrates x 4kcal/g =48kcal
8g Protein x 4kcal/g = 32kcal
10g Fats x 9kcal/g= 90kcal

48kcal+32kcal+90kcal=170kcal on 1 cup of milk.

Find the percentage:

48kcal Carbohydrates/170kcal=0.2823 or 0.28= 28% of carbohydrates
32kcal Protein/170kcal= 0.1882 or 0.19=19% of protein
90kcal Fat/170kcal=0.5294 or 0.53= 53% of fat

5. Height= 176cm -5’9ft

Age=32 yrs old

Height= 5ft =110lbs, 9in x 2= 18lbs. 110lbs+18lbs=128lbs

Age=(32)2/5 =12.8lbs
128lbs+12.8lbs=140.8lbs

The process begins with the food taken into the oral cavity which serve as
the location for ingestion of liquid and food. Then the esophagus serves as
the passageway of the food from the mouth and will carry it to the stomach.

The food enters the stomach which primarily houses it, will be mixed with
stomach secretions then produces a chyme. The chyme passes through the

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 pyloric sphincter allowing it to the first part of small intestine which is the
duodenum wherein the bodily fluids break down the chemical compounds

and nutrients are being extracted and moved towards the jejunum and ileum
where the absorption of nutrients takes place.

The small intestine has three supporting organs that helps in the digestion
process and this includes the liver that produces bile to break down fats and
extract the toxins, pancreas which produces enzymes that also helps in
breaking down the fats, proteins and carbohydrates of the food and lastly the
location for the storage of bile is the gallbladder.

After the absorption of nutrients in the small intestine, it’ll proceed to the large
intestine to absorb the water and electrolytes of the food that has not been digested
and chyme is now converted to feces in the colon. The colon stores the feces and
they are eliminated in the rectum and anal canal which is the last part of digestion
process.

Davis, Charles. (2019). Medical Definition of Nutrition. Retrieved from

https://www.medicinenet.com/nutrition/definition.html
Turickki, J. (2020). Digestion and Absorption. Retrieved from
https://teachmephysiology.com/gastrointestinal-system/small-intestine/digestion-and-absorption/
Blanco, A. (2017). Metabolism. Retrieved from
https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/metabolism
Newman, T. (2020). Introduction to Nutrition. Retrieved from
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/170774

Hernandez, A. (2018). 6 Essential Nutrients and Their Functions. Retrieved from

https://healthyeating.stgate.com/6-essential-nutrients-functions-4877.html
Ferriera, Mandy. (2020). 6 Essential Nutrients and Why Your Body Needs Them.
Retrieved from https://www.healthline.com2/health/food-nutrition/six-essential-nutrients

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 https://www.healthline.com/health/food-nutrition/six-essential-nutrients

https://www.medicinenet.com/nutrition/definition.htm
https://teachmephysiology.com/gastrointestinal-system/small-intestine/digestion-and-
absorption/
https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/metabolism