CONTEMPORARY

PHILIPPINE ARTS
FROM THE REGIONS
Prepared by: Armen Dave B. Perez

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 OUTLINE
Painting and Literature
Sculpture Architecture Pottery and Theater

Weaving Archeology Music Dance

 PAINTING
AND SCULPTURE
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Painting and Sculpture
Artistic paintings were
introduced to the
Filipinos in the 16th
century.
Spaniards used paintings
as religious propaganda
to spread Catholicism

La Naval de Manila

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 In the early 19th century,
wealthier and educated
Filipinos introduced more
secular Filipino art.
Use of watercolor in
paintings increased and the
subject matter began to
deviate
The subject matter began
to include landscapes,
Filipino inhabitants,
Philippine fashion, and
Paintings by Cesar Buenaventura government officials.
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The first art school was
established by Damian
Domingo in 1820.

Filipino painters won

recognition abroad, when
Mariano Madriñan won King
Alfonso XII’s gold medal and
diploma of honor in
Amsterdam International
Exposition, 1884 and Juan
Luna’s Spoliarium was
awarded first prize at an art
competition in Madrid. Self-portrait of Damian Domingo circa 1830s
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Mater Dolorosa – Mother of Sorrows
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 During World War II, some
painters focused on the
effects of the war, including
battle scenes, destruction
and the suffering of the
Filipino people.

Painting of a guerrilla armed with a bolo knife disarming a

Japanese sentry of his rifle 9
There are several museums
and permanent galleries
located in Manila, among them
are the National Museum, the
Luz Gallery, and Solidaridad
Gallery.
The Art Association of the
Philippines is an active
organization and hold annual
exhibits. Other well-known
groups are the Association of
Sculptors and Association of
Printmakers.
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WEAVING

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Weaving
Philippine weaving
involves many threads
being measured, cut and
mounted on wooden
platform
Native Filipinos weaved
using fiber from abaca,
pineapple, cotton, and
bark cloth.

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 They weaved rugs that
they used for quilts and
bedding.
The patterns were
usually thick stripes with
different colors and with
a nice pattern
The quality of the
quilt/bedding was
based on how soft, how
tight together, and the
clean pattern.
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However, during the
Spanish colonization,
Filipinos used a fabric
called nipis to weave
white clothing.

These were weaved

with decorative, flower
designs

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ARCHITECTURE

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Architecture
Determined by the
functional uses as shelter
and by the available
materials.
Builders had no formal
training
Both Ifugao and Maranao
architecture illustrates
this.

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 Spaniards introduced
masonry in the
Philippines in 1500s

Yet the nipa hut’s basic

form of structure, the
high roof, and rectangular
plan were retained.

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A R C H E O LO G Y

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Archeology
Diggings in many parts of
the Philippines have
yielded rich artifacts.

The Calatagan
excavations alone
represent a milestone in
the history of Philippine
archeology

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 Golden Tara
Primary areas of Ausan Del Sur
excavations
• Mindoro
• Bicol
• Iloilo
• Sta. Ana, Manila
• Towns in Laguna

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Dr. Robert Fox, senior
archeologist of the
National Musem,
discovered a fossilized
skull cap at the Tabon Manungul Jar

Cave.

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P OT T E R Y

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Pottery
Native Filipinos created
pottery since 3500 years
ago. They used these jars
to hold the deceased.
Anthropomorphic
designs

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used as:
• Water vessels
• Plates
• Cups
• Cooking
• Food storage

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In Kalinga, ceramic
vessels are divided into
three types
• Ittoyom (rice cooking)
• Oppaya
(vegetable/meat
cooking)
• Immosso (water
storage)

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MUSIC

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Music
Philippine tribal music
antedates the first Filipino
musicians trained in
western music most
probably in the 17th
century.
The 19th century
produced Marcelo
Adonay.

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 Rondalla
Native string band which best typifies the bleding of many
influences that go into the cultivation of an indigenous art form

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Redentor L. Romero
First and only
international conductor
who appearances span
five continents.
Also one of the few Asian
conductors hailed
worldwide by critics.
Conducted orchestras
such as the USSR State
Orchestra and Moscow
Symphony
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 LITERATURE
AND THEATER

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Literature and Theater
Pre-Hispanic Philippine
literature were actually
epics passed on from
generation to generation
Darangen - epic of the
Maranaos of Lake Lanao.

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Literature and Theater
A rich body of unwritten
literature existed in the
Philippines before the
arrival of the Spaniards.
The firs printed book was
the Doctrina Cristiana
(1593).

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Florante at Laura by Francisco Balagtas

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 Daily newspaper
On December 1, 1846,
the first daily newspaper,
La Esperanza was
published in the country.
Other early newspaper
were La Estrella (1847),
Diario de Manila (1848)
and BoletinOficial de
Filipinas (1852).
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On 1863, the Spanish
government introduced a
system of free public
education and there
furthered the rise of an
educated class called the
Ilustrado (well-informed).

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Jose Rizal
Most notable writer of the
Spanish period and also
became the country’s
national hero
Noli Me Tangere and El
Filibusterismo were partly
inspired the Philippine
Revolution

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 La Solidaridad
Founded on February 15,
1885
Filipino national heroes
like Jose Rizal, Graciano
Lopez Jaena, and
Marcelo H. del Pilar were
able to voice our their
sentiments.

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 Tanaga – Short poems consisting of
1 four line with seven syllables each that Poetry and
rhyme at the end of each line
metrical romances
Ladino Poems – Were natives of first
2 Tagalog versifiers who saw print: highly
literate in both Spanish and the vernacular

Corridos – filled the populace’s need for

entertainment as well as edifying reading
3 matter in their leisure moments.

4 Awit – like corridos, entertaining, edifying, reading manner.

Also a fabrication of the writer’s imagination.
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Dramas
Moriones
• refers to the helmet of
participants
• Found only on the
island of Marinduque
• During only Holy Week
• Culminating in a
Passion play

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Dramas
Panunuluyan
• Tagalog version of
Mexican Las Posadas,
literally means seeking
passage.
• During Christmas or
Christmas Eve
• Depicts Joseph and
Mary’s search for a
room in Bethlehem.
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Dramas
Pangangaluwa
• Formerly widespread
during All Saints’ Day
• Means for the souls

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Dramas
Salubong
• Ritual performed in the
early morning of Easter
Sunday hours after the
Easter Vigil and before
the Easter Mass
• Dramatizing the
meeting between the
resurrected Jesus and
his mother.
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Dramas
Senakulo
• Essentially a Passion
plan
• Depicts the passion
and death of Jesus
Christ.
• Customarily performed
during Holy week

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Dramas
Santacruzan
• Performed during the
month of May
• Reenacts Saint
Helena’s finding of the
True Cross
• Reyna Elena
representing the
empress
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Dramas
Comedia
• About courtly love
between, a prince and
a princess of different
religions
• Highlights concepts of
colonial attitudes to
Christian-Muslim
relations.
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Dramas
Duplo
• Forerunner of the
balagtasan
• Compose of two
teams; young women
(Dupleras or Belyakas)
and young men
(Dupleros or Belyakos)

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Dramas
Karagatan
• Comes from the
legendary practice of
testing the mettle of
young men
• Maiden’s ring would be
dropped into the sea
and whoever retrieves
it would have the girl’s
hand in marriage.
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DANCE

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Dance
Within the Cordillera Banga – performance
dances, there are Banga, where women balance
Bendayan, heavy pots on their heads
Lumagen/Tachok, while dancing to the beat
Manmanok, ragragsaan, of wind chimes
Salisid, Taplip, Tarektek, Lumagen or Tachok –
and Uyaoy/Uyauy. performed to celebrate
happy occasions.

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Banga Lumagen or Tachok 55
Dance
• Salisid – dance to show • Binaylan dance – tells
courtship. the story of a hen, the
• Tribal dances include hen’s baby, and a hawk.
Malakas at Maganda, In this dance, the hawk is
Kadal Blelah, Kadal said to control a tribe’s
Tahaw, Binaylan, Bagobo well-being and is killed
Rice Cycle, and Dugso. by hunters after
• Malakas at Maganda – is attempting to harm the
a national folklore hen’s baby
dance.
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Salisid

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Binaylan

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Dance
Tinikling – two assistants
take two long bamboo
sticks rapidly and in
rhythm, clap sticks for
dancers to artistically and
daringly avoid getting their
feet caught between them.
Singkil – primarily a dance
showing off lavish Muslim
Royalty. The Singkil dance
is identifiable with the use
of umbrellas and silk
clothing.
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Binasuan

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TINIKLING
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SINGKIL

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