“NEGATIVE IMPACT OF SMART PHONES IN PEOPLE OF

KATHMANDU”

BY
PRADEEP SAPKOTA
Exam Roll No:18092/16
TU Regd. No: 7-2-388-32-2016

A Summer Project Report Submitted to

Faculty of Management, Tribhuvan University
in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of

Bachelor of Business Administration

KANTIPUR COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Tribhuvan University

March, 2021
 STUDENT DECLARATION
This is to certify that I have completed the summer project entitled “NEGATIVE IMPACT
OF SMART PHONES IN PEOPLE OF KATHMANDU” under the guidance of “Miss
Shubhanu Joshi” in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Bachelors of
Business Administration at Faculty of management, Tribhuvan University. This is my original
work and I have not submitted it earlier elsewhere.

DATE: MARCH, 2021

PRADEEP SAPKOTA
SIGNETURE

i
 CERTIFICATE FROM THE SUPERVISIOR
This is to certify that the summer project entitled “NEGATIVE IMPACT OF SMART
PHONES IN PEOPLE OF KATHMANDU”is an academic work done by “PRADEEP
SAPKOTA” submitted in the partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of
Bachelor of Business Administration at Faculty of Management, Tribhuvan University
under my guidance and supervision. To the best of my knowledge, the information presented
by him/her in the summer project report has not been submitted earlier.

....................................

Signature

Miss Shubhanu Joshi

Kantipur College of Management and Information Technology

Date: March, 2021

ii
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This summer project work report has been prepared to fulfill partial requirement of the degree
of Bachelor of Business Administration (BBA).

I would like to express my sincere thanks to my respectable teacher Miss. Shubhanu Joshi
who have provided her valuable suggestions in the preparation of this report without whose
support and guidance, this report would not come in this form.

Additionally, I acknowledge the contribution made by all those respondents who gave their
time without remuneration to participate in this project. I thank them for their openness and
willingness to be involved.

I would like to express my sincere gratitude to all the people for the co-operation required in
fulfilling the requirement of this study.

Last but not the least I would like to give my vote of thanks to all my friends who inspired me
for selecting the topic and help me in writing this report with creative and valuable
suggestions and by providing necessary data.

Thank you.

iii
 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

This project is about “NEGATIVE IMPACT OF SMART PHONES IN PEOPLE OF

KATHMANDU”. It is submitted to Kantipur college of management and information
technology (KCMIT) for the fulfillment of the requirement of Bachelor of Business
Administration. In my study I have analyzed problems caused by the Smart Phones and the
demography of the user of Smart Phone in with sample size of 50 respondents, using various
charts and graphs. Next work done was interpreting the diagram and graphs about the current
context. Finally in the last paragraph of the report a list of appropriate suggestions to the users
as felt from my study is given.

This research aims to provide information on the negative impact of Smart Phone to the users
by surveying them.

As a research methodology, an informal interview with the questionnaire to the random

individuals was held. The main objective behind the research methodology was to find out the
negative impact created by Smart Phones to the users might be physical, mental, social, legal
issues. In additional, relevant literature and internet article were also studied throughout the
research process in order to create good theoretical background.

iv
 Contents
STUDENT DECLARATION .................................................................................................. i
CERTIFICATE FROM THE SUPERVISIOR ........................................................................ ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ................................................................................................... iii
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................... iv
CHAPTER 1 .......................................................................................................................... 1
INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................................. 1
1.1 BACKGROUND .......................................................................................................... 1
1.1.1 Negative Impact of Smart Phone............................................................................. 1
1.2 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY................................................................................... 2
1.3 PROBLEM OF STATEMENT...................................................................................... 2
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY ....................................................................................... 2
1.5 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY .................................................................................. 2
1.5.1 Research Design ..................................................................................................... 2
1.5.2 Sources of Data ...................................................................................................... 3
1.5.3 Sample Selection .................................................................................................... 3
1.5.4 Questionnaire Design.............................................................................................. 3
1.6 LIMITATION OF STUDY ........................................................................................... 4
1.7 LITERATURE REVIEW .............................................................................................. 4
1.7.1 THEORITICAL FRAMEWORK ............................................................................ 8
CHAPTER 2 .......................................................................................................................... 9
DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS ......................................................................... 9
2.1 PRESENTATION OF DATA ....................................................................................... 9
2.2MAJOR FINDINGS OF THE STUDY ........................................................................ 22
CHAPTER: 3 ....................................................................................................................... 23
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS................................................................... 23
3.1 CONCLUSION........................................................................................................... 23
3.2 RECOMMENDATIONS ............................................................................................ 23
REFRENCES ....................................................................................................................... 25

v
LIST OF TABLE

Table 1: Number Of Smart Phone’s Users In Family. ............................................................. 9

Table 2. Age Of Smart Phone Users ..................................................................................... 10
Table 3. Gender Of Smart Phone Users ................................................................................ 11
Table 4.Profession Of Users ................................................................................................. 11
Table 5.Reason Behind Use Of Smart Phones....................................................................... 12
Table 6 Time Spent By Users On Smartphone ...................................................................... 13
Table 7.Frequent Social Media Used By The Users. ............................................................. 14
Table 8.Major Feature Used By Users .................................................................................. 15
Table 9 Users Spent Money Per Day For Recharge.............................................................. 16
Table 10.Physical Problems User Started Facing Since Use Smart Phone ............................. 17
Table 11.Mental/Psychological Problems Of The Users ....................................................... 19
Table 12.Social Media Is Affecting Your Social Network .................................................... 20
Table 13.Crime Caused By Use Of Smart Phone .................................................................. 21

List Of Figure

Figure 1 Theoritical Framework 8

Figure 2 Pie Chart Of The Number Of Users Of Smart Phone In Individual Family 9
Figure 3 Classification Of Age Group 10
Figure 4 Classification Of Gender Of Smart Phone Users. 11
Figure 5 Classification Of Users Based On Profession In Percentage 12
Figure 6 Tabulation Of The Reason Behind The Use Of Smart Phone 13
Figure 7 Bar Diagram Sowing The Time Spent By Users On Smart Phone 14
Figure 8 Bar Diagram Of Frequently Used Social Medias 15
Figure 9 Users Majorly Using Smart Phone For The Features 16
Figure 10 Bar Diagram Showing The Users Spent Money Per Day For Recharge. 17
Figure 11 Bar Diagram Sowing The Physical Pain Of The Users 18
Figure 12 Diagram Showing Psychological Problems Of The Users 19
Figure 13 Bar Diagram Showing The Affect On User’s Social Network 20
Figure 14 Diagram Showing Crime Caused By Smart Phone 21

vi
 CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND
A Smart Phone is a mobile phone or a personal handheld computer. It is also known as cell
phones or mobiles with an advanced mobile operating system that combines features of
a personal computer operating system with other features useful for mobile or handheld use.
Smart Phones, which are pocket-sized, typically combine the features of a mobile phone, such
as the abilities to place and receive voice calls and create and receive text messages, with
those of other popular digital mobile devices like personal digital assistants (PDAs), such as
an event calendar, media player, video games, GPS navigation, digital camera and digital
video camera. Smart Phones can access the Internet and can run a variety of third-party
software components ("apps" from places like Google Play Store or Apple App Store). They
typically have a color display with a graphical user interface that covers more than 76% of the
front surface. The display is almost always a touch screen and sometimes additionally a touch-
enabled keyboard like the Priv/Passport Black Berrys, which enables the user to use a virtual
keyboard to type words and numbers and press onscreen icons to activate "app" features.

Nepal is a developing country where the growth potential of smart phone industry is massive.
According to a comprehensive research report published by Kaymu, smart phones are the
second most sought after item after employment.

 Smart phones are increasingly being bought online.

 People go online and review the specs of the phone they want to purchase.

1.1.1 Negative Impact of Smart Phone

Smart Phone has negatively influenced the behavior of individuals and society as a whole.
Some critics believe that the world would be much healthier without Smart Phones. These
people argue that they have caused negative impacts on social relationships, education, health
and other part of our life. Too much engagement on Smart Phones may lead to a lack of
interactions between individuals and do harm to human relationships. Although they were
initially developed to help people stay integrated and connected, they are instead
disconnecting people from society and relation due to their addictive nature.
Addiction to Smart Phone use negatively impacts users' family life and causes problems with
human relationships, as addicts tend to pay more attention to their phones than the people
around them. According to a 2011 survey by the U.K. communications regulator, 51 percent
of adults and 65 percent of teenagers said they have used their Smart Phone while socializing
with others. This proves that even when people are having face-to-face communication, they
are constantly distracted by their phone.

1
1.2 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
People are more interested in using Smart phones than other activities. Therefore the negative
impacts of Smart phones are increasing. This research is conducted to find the negative impact
of Smart phones.

The main objectives:

 To investigate how Smart Phones are impacting the society and also how Smart
Phones are going to transform the social life, technology landscape and other diverse
aspects of modern society.
 To understand all the negative aspects of Smart Phone in the society.

1.3 PROBLEM OF STATEMENT

The research conducted has helped to identify several problems since less research has been
conducted in this area. Currently, more number of people are using smart phone. Nowadays
people are fully depending on smart phone which leads to decrease their creativity and has
poor eye sight.

1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY

This report is prepared to identify the negative impact of Smart Phone in Kathmandu. This
would help to determine the level of negativity of Smart Phone’s. After the analysis of the
primary data, it would give the current issues of Smart Phone’s and necessary actions to
improve the cause. This study helps to find out the issue that smart phone has been bringing in
the society and to take corrective actions to improve it.

1.5 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

The research provides the work plan and describes the activities undertaken for the completion
of project. This project uses statistical tool for detail analyses on the project.

1.5.1 Research Design

Research design is a master plan specifying the methods and procedures for collecting and
analyzing the needed information. This serves as a framework for the study, guiding the
collection and analysis of data, the research instruments to be utilized, and the sampling plan
to be followed.

Here, this study is concerned on negative impact of use of Smart Phone, for the study,
descriptive and analytical research methodology has been used. Those methodologies involve
gathering data that describes events and then organizes, tabulates, depicts and describes the
data collection that transforms the data to manageable form. Descriptive design is used in this
research.

2
1.5.2 Sources of Data
No matter what the basic design of a research study, it is necessary to collect accurate data to
achieve useful results. For this reason, it is helpful to consider various sources of collecting
data and the quality of information they produce. So, two sources of data collection techniques
have been used them are:-

Primary data:

During the process of research the following primary sources has been used :

1. Interviews: As per the primary source of data, an interview was conducted on the sample of
50 respondents those are aged between 19- 26 years.

2. Observation : During the process of research mainly the certain youth from Kathmandu
valley has been observed
Secondary data:

During the process of research the following secondary sources has been used:
1. Books
2. Published reports
3. Data services through which data were collected.
The study is exploratory in nature. The information is collected from primary and secondary
analysis. The previous studies information is used in the study i.e. journals, articles and paper.

1.5.3 Sample Selection

The population of this study includes both male and female which includes students from
colleges, family members and random people. Sample sizes of 50 are selected for the study by
using random sampling method for selection of the respondents to collect the data without
biasness in the selection process. The age groups of the respondents were high between 19-26
years.

1.5.4 Questionnaire Design

The questions are asked to the sample of 50 respondents those are aged between 19-26 years.
The sample questions are:

 How often do you use your smart phone?

 How much impact does smart phone have in your daily life?
 Do you think smart phone has changed your livelihood?
 What are the physical problems you have started facing since the use of Smart Phone?
 What are the mental/psychological problems you have started realizing since the use of
Smart Phone?
 What is the crime caused by use of Smart Phone according to your perception?
3
1.6 LIMITATION OF STUDY
The limitations of the study is given as :

• The research was conducted within the limited period of time. So due to time
constraint it may lack some essential information.

• The primary data used in this research covers only certain area.

• The information obtained may not be 100% accurate as the study is subjected to the
perception of the different respondents and information from internet.

1.7 LITERATURE REVIEW

In the modern world, technology has made life easier. However, technology has also brought
with it many problems. Many people in the world are using Smart phones to send and receive
text messages, to make calls and to surf the internet. Studies show that approximately 56
percent of the adult Americans own Smart phones (Pew Internet & American Life Project,
2013). People are enjoying the services these Smart phones are providing. They are becoming
increasingly affordable. It is a small percentage of population that will not have a Smart
phones in the near future. In addition, Smart phones are replacing computers because they can
handle all the functions of a normal computer. They are advantageous because they are
portable. A person can use his or her Smart phones anywhere; on the streets, in the bus, in the
hotel, in the field and in almost all place that a person can possibly be. However, people do not
know that Smart phones are deadly devices. They have many negative effects in people’s
lives. They have bad effects on the health, on education and on social life.
There are several negative effects on health that can be associated with the use of Smart
phones. One of the worst negative effects of using Smart phones is near-sightedness
(Kleinman, 2013). The condition is caused by spending long hours staring at the screen of a
Smart phones at a short distance. Many people who have Smart phones spend a lot of time
texting and browsing on the social websites. This results to straining of the eyes due to
focusing on a small screen and reading small font letters. The straining causes eye problems.
The condition is diagnosed if a person has to hold the phone even closer than normal. Dr.
David Allamby described this condition as “Screen Sightedness” because it is caused not only
by the Smart phones, but also by spending long hours staring at a computer screen. Incidences
of eye problems are on the rise.
Pain is another health concern as far as use of Smart phones is concerned. When one spends
long hours on the Smart phones, eyes become dry. The dryness causes pain in the eyes. In
addition, staring the screen for a long time makes facial muscles to become tensed.
Consequently, some people feel pain on the facial muscles (Rahman, 2011).There is also
increased demand to use Smart phones from the environment. For example, some people feel
pressured to reply mails from clients and bosses. Such pressure amounts to overwork. There is
increased workload and the demands imposed become unbearable. Sometimes it leads to
4
depression. The results of such conditions can be risk factors for heart attacks and stroke.
These are catastrophic effects of using Smart phones.
The other negative effect of using Smart phones on the health is the impact on the hearing
ability. Most Smart phones users use headphones to listen to music and other sounds from
their phones. In order to feel the beats of the music, they tend to put loud volumes. Loud voice
in the ear from an earphone damages the ear such that one cannot hear background sound. In
addition, loud sound near an ear causes tinnitus, which is an uncomfortable ringing sound that
is continuous. Moreover, loud music can damage the hair cells that are responsible for
perceiving sound signals. This damage is permanent because, apparently, these hair cells do
not re-grow. Many people are unaware. The damage results to hearing loss. Although it does
not occur instantly, it occurs slowly over time. The longer the duration of exposure to loud
music, the more the damage and the earlier the deafness will occur. More often, listening to
loud music leads to high frequency hearing loss(Martin, 2011).
Also, too much concentration on the phone can make one feel dizzy. The brain requires rest
moments after hard work. Unfortunately, some people are addicted to their Smart phones that
they rarely give their brain time to rest. Other people suffer from headaches following
prolonged use of the phones (Wen, 2013). Neck pain is also common because of constant
bending of the neck when using the phone. It results from stiffening of the neck and shoulder
muscles. Pain on the wrist is also common due to inflammation of the tendons. Moreover, use
of Smart phones has been associated with brain tumors too. Radiations from the phone are
implicated in this case. Brain tumors cause other effects such as Parkinsonism. Also, brain
tumors become a constant reason for a headache. It can also precipitate migraines, which is a
very severe form of headache. The radiation can also trigger insomnia. These effects have
catastrophic consequences on the quality of life of an individual.
Other health concerns related with the use of the Smart phones are with regard to hygiene.
Many people do not realize how dirty the touch-screen of their Smart phones are. All they care
about is typing and sending texts as well as browsing as much as they can. Studies have
revealed that the screen of Smart-Phones is contaminated by thousands and thousands of
viruses and bacteria (Phillips, 2012). These microorganisms get transferred to the finger tips.
Consequently, the viruses and the bacteria find their way to the mouth and eyes where they
contribute to infections. This often happens to people who do not maintain a high quality of
hygiene. Rarely will a person wash his or her hands before eating after using Smart phones.
Incidentally, some people use their Smart phones even when they are eating.
Smart phones have also resulted to negative effects on the people’s social life. A clear
illustration of the negative effects is the way people have turned to using their Smart phones at
their free time instead of socializing with physical friends. Some people ignore others to have
time with their Smart phones (Diem, 2013). Consequently, social ties have broken and people
live lonely lives with their sole companion being their Smart phones. It is sad that people do
not care about their neighbors but know many things about people that they would never meet

5
in their lifetime. Moreover, use of Smart phones has led to a poor relationship between
couples. First of all, when a person engages with the phone most often, he or she has no time
for the other partner. For a relationship to thrive, partners must have enough time to talk about
things that concern their relationship. However, when one of the partners has attention that is
distracted due to the use of the Smart phones, the relationship suffers (Bozeman, 2011). It
makes the other partner feel less important. It can result to separations or divorce. Even
parents are spending most of their time on their Smart phones instead of spending time with
their children. This disconnection affects the children’s lives (Annasandifer, 2012). They learn
from their parents that socializing is not worth the time and that chatting over the phone is the
most enjoyable thing. Today, society has changed greatly. People prefer spending most of
their time using their Smart phones to visiting friends or reading books.
Another negative effect of using Smart phones that people should know is the bad work habits
that it creates. Some people use Smart phones even at the workplaces. Work place etiquette
discourages too much use of the phone at the expense of serving people. However, some
people use their time in the office texting and mailing their friends using their Smart phones.
Such people rarely pay attention to their work. They even ignore their clients when they are
busy with their phones. Consequently, many complains arise with regard to the quality of
services received from such offices. Chances of losing clients under such circumstances are
high. On the other hand, clients do not observe office etiquettes as well. It is not uncommon to
find someone entering an office with headphones in the ears. It is such a bad behavior and it
makes office interactions informal which should not be the case.
Addiction to Smart phones has contributed to the occurrence of some car accidents. Car
accidents occur when a driver is texting while driving. Many people who own Smart phones
do so oblivious of the dangers associated with such behavior. It is until such an accident
occurs that they realize their mistake. It is disheartening to realize that most people are not
aware of the danger they are putting themselves in when they are operating their phones while
driving. Moreover, studies have revealed that late night use of Smart phones has been
associated with insomnia. It has been discovered that Smart phones radiation interferes with
the production of melatonin, a hormone that is responsible for inducing and maintaining sleep
(kransz, 2014).
Negative effects of Smart phones are also being experienced in the education sector. First of
all, students who carry their Smart phones in the classroom spend most of their time texting
and browsing in the internet instead of pay attention to their teacher. Thus, the levels of poor
performance in schools are on the rise(Kransz, 2014). The lack of attention could also be
attributed to the lack of sleep of students due to late-night use of the Smart phones.
Consequently, such students end up with poor memories and this can explain the poor
performance of the students. Moreover, students like playing games provided in the Smart
phones. Many times, such students will refuse to go to their classes to have time to play games
on their Smart phones. In addition, students end up not doing their school assignment because

6
there time is spent on the Smart phones. Use of Smart phones has led to a loss of creativity. In
order to think creatively, the mind has to be subjected to free moment for it to wander.
However, with Smart phones users, the mind is continuously being fused on the screen. That
does not leave plenty of time for the mind to generate creative thoughts. In addition, smart
phones have affected communication greatly (Nemas, 2011). When it comes to workstations,
employees have perfected the art of communicating using their Smart phones by texting each
other. Unfortunately, even bosses are using the same to communicate important matters to
their employees. In this case, there are minimal physical interactions. To this respect, verbal
communication is greatly impaired.
Excessive attachment to Smart phones also has negative impacts on the economy. Many
people waste too much valuable time texting and visiting social media on their Smart phones
instead of concentrating on their work. If employees used most of their time doing work-
related activities, they could add more value to the economy. However, most people appear to
care less about their work. They spend too much time using the Smart phones oblivious of the
consequences of such behavior. A research was carried in 2007 to find out the impact of Smart
phones in workplaces. It was discovered that most employees did not meet deadlines in their
assignments due to the concentration that they put on their Smart phones instead of on their
work (Raham, 2011).
Finally, it is has been established that people who constantly use Smart phones get addiction.
Addiction for anything is not a good attribute. When addiction sets in, it means the person
cannot live without doing what he or she normally does. In this regard, an addicted Smart
phones user will feel urge to look at his or her Smart phones at any moment even at the most
inappropriate place such as in the church. Whenever the person thinks about his or her phone,
the urge to look at it comes in. They are tempted to look at the updates in the social media as
well as to chat with friends. Therefore, addiction falls among the negative effects associated
with Smart phones.
Smart phones are good devices that make life enjoyable. However, their inappropriate use has
led to numerous problems as elaborated in the essay. Awareness of these negative effects is
important so that they can be avoided. Some of the effects have long term consequences. For
instance, loud music can lead to permanent loss of hearing ability. Similarly, eyesight can be
affected on long term use of the phones. Poor social lives are also resulting from wide use of
Smart phones. People have made Smart phones important parts of their lives hence ignoring
people in their lives. Working ethics have also deteriorated leading to poor productivity.

7
1.7.1 THEORITICAL FRAMEWORK
Dependent Variable Independent Variables

Features

Price
Impact of
Smartphone

Brand

Durability

Figure 1 Theoritical Framework

Features: There is positive relationship in between features of smart phone and satisfaction .
More features smart phone will provide higher satisfaction and vice versa.

Price: There is negative relationship in between Smartphone’s price and satisfaction.. Lower
the price higher will be the satisfaction and vice versa.

Brand: There is positive relationship in between smart phone’s brand and satisfaction. Well
brand smart phone will provide higher satisfaction (i.e. most of the peoples will purchase
branded smart phones)

Durability: There is positive relationship in between durability of Smartphone and

satisfaction. More durable smart phone will provide higher satisfaction and vice versa.

8
 CHAPTER 2
DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
Several Questions were asked to the respondents. The following data were collected:

2.1 PRESENTATION OF DATA

.

Table 1: Number of Smart Phone’s users in family.

Users Family No.

A 0 0
B 1 10
C 2 25
D 3 15
E 4 and above 0

The table above shows the distribution of Smart Phone users in individual family. The survey
report shows that there are none of any users not having Smart Phone in their family. Whereas
the survey shows that only single user in the family using Smart Phone to be 10. Similarly 2 ,3
and 4 or above users of Smart Phone in family are 25, 15, and 0 respectively.

4 and above Users in family 0

0% 0%

3 1
30% 20%

2
50%

Figure 2 Pie chart of the number of users of Smart Phone in individual family

9
Interpretation:

This pie chart shows the data representation of entire survey report based on percentage,
where maximum portion is covered by 2 users in particular family of smart phone in
community (50%), and 1 user of Smart Phone in family is 20%. Similarly 3 users of Smart
Phone in individual family is 30 %, with no users of smart phones and 4 or above users of
smart phone seems to be (0%).

Table 2. Age of Smart Phone users

Age groups No. of Users

A Below 10 6
B 10-15 13
C 15-20 15
D 20 and above 16

Age Group
Below 10
12%
20 and
above
32% 10-15
26%

15-20
30%

Figure 3 Classification of Age Group

Interpretation:

This shows the total percentage of age groups using smart phone in Kathmandu. A user below
aged 10 is 12%. Aged group from 10 to 15 are 26 % .Someway aged group from 15-20 smart
phone users are 30% holding the major Smart Phone users of the community . Age group
from 20 and above holds 32% of total users of Smart Phones.

10
 Table 3. Gender of Smart Phone users

Gender No. of users

A Male 23

B Female 27

Gender mix

28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
Male Female

Figure 4 Classification of gender of Smart Phone users.

Interpretation:

This bar diagram shows the total users of Smart Phone distribution based on Gender. Majorly
female are the category, who uses Smart Phone in the community. Out of sample size of 50
individuals, 27 users are female and 23 are male. This diagram shows that female are more
users of Smart Phone in community compared to male. Due to leisure time of the students and
housewives, can be the reason for the consumption of Smart Phone in case of female.

Table 4.Profession of users

Profession of users No. of users

A Students 25

B Job holders 15

C Housewife 10

11
 Profession
Housewife
20%

Students
Job 48%
holders
30%

Figure 5 Classification of users based on profession in percentage

Interpretation:

This pie graph shows the distribution of Smart Phone user based on profession. Users were
found that 50% of the Smart Phone users are students out of total Smart Phone users. Whereas
30% of the total user are Job holders who work for earning in different organization and
spends their major time on working environment. Major of the job holders are male which
clearly shows that they do not spent more of time on their Smart Phone’s, this group may use
more of their Smart Phone in purpose to business operations like phone call, messaging could
be their major use of Smart Phone rather than operating social network, gaming, etc. Finally
20% of the total survey report shows that user’s profession to be Housewives. This category of
people majorly utilizes their leisure time using Smart Phone after their household activities. It
can be understood that they keep themselves busy on housing activities morning and evening.
As a whole Major group of the users are students holding 50% of total profession of users.

Table 5.Reason behind use of Smart phones

Reasons to use smartphone No of users

A Enjoy various functions and apps 50
B Surf the internet 50
C Convenient to communicate with others 50
D To get instant news and information 4
E Peer influence 50
F Follow the trend 36

12
 60
50 50 50 50
50
40 36
30
20
10 4
0
Enjoy various Surf the Convenient to To get instant Peer influence Follow the
functions and internet communicate news and trend
apps with others information

Figure 6 Tabulation of the reason behind the use of Smart Phone

Interpretation:

This graph shows the reason behind use of Smart Phone. Over the sample size of 50 persons,
all the sample shows that major reason behind the use of Smart Phone are to enjoy the
functions and different application of Smart Phone, another reason was to surf the internet,
where all the people using Smart Phone use the internet. People keep themselves in touch with
another people and it is the means of communication as asked to the sample size, all of them
were using for the communication means. Only 4 of the people use Smart Phones to get news
and information from the Smart Phones. Where every of the people were found to use Smart
Phones due to peer influence. Finally 36 people were found out the use of Smart Phone to
new development and to follow the trend. They uses Smart Phone to maintain in the fashion.
But the major reason were enjoying features, to surf internet, peer influence and the proper
means of communication.

Table 6 Time spent by users on SmartPhone

Time used by User No. of users

A Less than 1 hours 2

B 1 hour – 2 hour 4
C 2 hr – 4 hrs 4
D 4 hrs-6 hrs 17
E Above 6 hrs 23

13
 30

25 24

20 18

15

10

5
2 3 3

0
Less than 1 hours 1 hour – 2 hour 2 hr – 4 hrs 4 hrs-6 hrs Above 6 hrs
Figure 7 Bar diagram sowing the time spent by users on Smart Phone
Interpretation:
This diagram shows time spent using their Smart Phones, this diagram and chart above clearly
explains that user using the Smart Phones less than an hour found to be 2. This type of people
keeps themselves busy to their job activities and uses phones majorly to phone calls. People
using Smart Phone form 1 to 2 hours found to be 4 users of all the data surveyed. They
majorly are also the workers and use leasure time to use phone. Another distribution sows that
users using Smart Phones from 2 hours to 4 hours are 4 users. People using smartphonrs from
4 to 6 hrs numbered to 17 users, they majorly indicate housewives and students. And users of
smartpones over 6 hours are found to be 23 users. The majorly include the students and the
housewives. This is the major portion of group covering the use of Smart Phone compared
into time.

Table 7.Frequent social media used by the users.

Application No. of Users

A Facebook 50
B Whatsapp 3
C Instagram 9
D Viber 14
E Twitter 2
F Others 4

14
 Social media
60
50
50

40

30

20 14
10
8
4 3 4
0
Facebook Whatsapp Instagram Viber Twitter Others

Figure 8 Bar diagram of frequently used Social Medias

Interpretation:

The graph above is the data representation of the social media users, who uses different
applications over internet. Due to cheap cost of internet and advancement of technology,
people try to keep themselves into fashion and trend. All the people who have Smart Phone
uses the facebook. Where facebook is netoring site used by every users in the community,
users of whatsapp is found to be 3. Less of the user uses whatsapp. 9 of the peoples uses
instagram. Viber is used by 14 numbers of users and less of the user have their twitter account,
2 of them are over twitter and they are very less ompared to others account users. Other
accounts like gaming accounts, and privacy sites users found to be 4. This clearly shows that
all the people have their account over Facebook.

Table 8.Major feature used by users

Major use No. of users

A Phone calls 8
B Messaging 0
C Videos 0
D Listening songs 0
E Gaming 9
F Social media 33

15
 Features of Smartphone
35 33
30

25

20

15

10 8 9

5
0 0 0
0
Phone calls Messaging Videos Listening Gaming Social meida
songs

Figure 9 Users majorly using Smart Phone for the features

Interpretation:

The data represents the number of users of Smart Phones majorly involving themselves on the
classification of features of the phones. Where there the data was found out to be 33 of the
total users uses Smart Phones just to hookup over the internet, the main reason for the use of
Smart Phone is social media. Another of the major reason of 9 users is to playing games. They
are the group of teenagers. They spent most of the time playing games. And lastly the 8 people
made confession that they uses phone to make phone calls majorly. This group of people is
business personnel and workers keep themselves busy on phone calls for their purpose.

Table 9 Users spent money per day for recharge

Money spent (RS) No. of users

A 0-20 39
B 21-50 8
C 51- 100 3
D 101 and above 0

16
 No. of users
45
39
40
35
30
25
20
15
10 8
5 3
0
0
0-20 21-50 51- 100 101 and above

Figure 10 Bar diagram showing the users spent money per day for recharge.
Interpretation:

The data represents is the collection of sample size spending money on their Smart Phones on
regular basis. The survey found out that 39 of the users spent less than rs.20 everyday on
Smart Phone. This is the majority of the people on the frequency. Another 8 people’s spends
rs21-50 over Smart Phones, similarly, 3 people spend from Rs.50 to 100 everyday and more
than rs.100 users was 0. None of the users spent more than rs.100everyday. The data
represented clearly shows that the majority of peoples spent less than Rs.20 every day, this
may be due to Wi-Fi facility.

Table 10.Physical problems user started facing since use Smart Phone

Physical problems No. of users

A Back pain 46
B Neck pain 29
C Problem in vision 6
D Hearing ability 1
E Weight Management & Fitness Levels 16
F Insomnia 23

17
 Physical problems
50 46
45
40
35 29
30
25
23
20 16
15
10 6
5 1
0
Back pain Neck pain Problem in Hearing Weight Insomnia
vision ability Management
& Fitness
Levels

Figure 11 Bar diagram sowing the physical pain of the users

Interpretation:

The data represented above shows the graphical representation of the physical problems the
users have being facing after the use of Smart Phone’s. Smart Phone might be the major
reason behind the for the problem for the users. Out of 50, 46 of the users were found having
back pain, using Smart Phones for the long time keeps user to look over phones and needs to
bend little for the use, and simultaneous use of Smart Phones causes the back pain. This is the
major physical problem faced by the users. Similarly, 29 of the users were found having Neck
Pain. Continuous use of Smart Phones for the long time creates pain to uses on their neck. 29
of the users were found having pain on their neck. 6 of the users were having the vision
problem after the use of Smart Phone, spending long time over the screen makes the eyes
week and not rest given to the eyes creates the problem on user eyes, due to the light radiation,
the eyes may be affected. Use of headphones, for the long times, might affects the hearing
sensation of the users.6 of the users were found o be the victim of hearing problems, simply
chatting to someone on the phone won’t damage your hearing, but if you use your Smart
Phone and headphones for listening to music then you might have cause for concern.

18
 Table 11.Mental/psychological problems of the users

Psychological problems No. of users

A Depression 4
B Stress 9
C Decreased creativity 10
D Anxiety 16
E Addiction 34
F Dizziness 8

Psychological Problems
40
34
35
30
25
20 16
15 10
9 8
10
4
5
0
Depression Stress Decreased Anxiety Addiction Dizziness
creativity

Figure 12 Diagram showing psychological problems of the users

Interpretation:

The data representation above shows that the number of users facing the psychological
problems due to use of the Smart Phones. As expected, addiction holds the majority of the
users having the psychological problems. 34 of the user said that they have the addiction
towards the Smart Phones. Anxiety is the problem for the users of Smart Phones, the survey
showed that, 16 of the users were victim of anxiety. Spending so much time staring at a screen
can lead to anxiety and even depression as people expect constant updates and interaction
from friends, and worry when these aren’t received. For every minute you’re playing Candy
Crush, you’re missing out on a minute of exercise, of cooking healthy meals, of walking the
dog and of real-life human interaction – all of which are important for good mental health.
A study from Northwestern University revealed that the more time people spend on their
phones, the more likely they are to be depressed. The average daily use for a depressed person
was 68 minutes, compared to just 17 minutes for someone who has better mental health. 10 of
19
the user were found out they have been more dependent on their phones, even for simple
calculations, and memory, they said they have been affected to their creativity. Another
problem for the users was the stress level of the users, 9 of the user were found out be in
condition of stress. Having a Smart Phone means we’re always ‘available’ – to take calls, text
messages, instant messages, social media notifications and emails. The workday no longer
finishes at 6pm as emails continue to push through late into the night. Another problem for the
users was dizziness of the use of Smart Phones, 8 people were feels in state of dizziness from
the use of Smart Phones. This is the major psychological problem for the users of the
smartpones in Kathmandu. It shows that majority of people are having the negative impact of
the Smart Phones.

Table 12.Social media is affecting your social network

Effects of social Media No of Ussers

A Hampered friend zone of society 10
B Less personal talks with friends and family 26
C Increased of virtual social network, but loss of physical friends 24

30
26
25 24

20

15
10
10

0
Hampered friend zone of Less personal talks with Increased of virtual social
13 Bar diagram showing
society
Figure friends the
andaffect
familyon user’s socialbut
network, network
loss of physical
friends

Interpretation:
Data representation above shows how smartpones are affecting their social life. The survey
finds that 10 of the user have hampered their friend zone of the society due to misuse of the
Smart Phones and created bad image in the society. 26 of the users were found to be have less
20
personal communication with the friends and family, due to the chats and phone call, they
communicate over the services provided by the Smart Phones, but it affects the personal and
physical talks with the friends and family. And finally, the last bar shows that 2 of the total
users have increased the virtual friends (new friends) might be over internet, but have lost
their physical friends that they had once. This clearly shows that the impact of Smart Phones
on the users based n the society. Loss of old friends is not a god sign for any people in the
society. Therefore it can clearly be said that there is negative impact of the smarthphones in
Kathmandu.

Table 13.Crime caused by use of Smart Phone

Crimes caused by Smart Phone No. of users

A Cyber bullying 7
B Hacking 24
C Ransomware 12
D Identity theft 20

Crime caused by Smartphones

30

25
24
20
20

15 12
10 7
5

0
Cyber bullying Hacking Ransomware Identity theft
Figure 14 Diagram showing crime caused by smart phone
Interpretation:
The above data representation indicated that the cyber crime caused by Smart Phones that are
likely to happen based on view of the Users, 7 users thinks that, cyber bullying causaed by the
Smart Phones, Cyberbullying is the use of cell phones, instant messaging, e-mail, chat rooms
or social networking sites such as Facebook and Twitter to harass, threaten or intimidate
someone. Cyberbullying is often done by children, who have increasingly early access to these
technologies.
Based on the perception of the users of Kathmandu, hacking holds the majority of the risk
factor of Smart Phones. 24 of the users think that hacking could be the risk factor caused by
21
Smart Phone. The view of 24 of the respondent towards cyber crime caused due to misuse of
Smart Phone is Hacking. A hacker is any person engaged in hacking. The term "hacking"
historically referred to constructive, clever technical work that was not necessarily related to
computer systems. Today, however, hacking and hackers are most commonly associated with
malicious programming attacks on the Internet and other networks.
Another perceived risk of the user of Kathmandu of 12 of 50 sample size says that
ransomware could be negative impact from the misuse of Smart Phone in Kathmandu. This is
one of the detestable malware-based attacks. Ransomware enters your computer network and
encrypts your files using public-key encryption, and unlike other malware this encryption key
remains on the hacker’s server. Attacked users are then asked to pay huge ransoms to receive
this private key.
And 20 of the respondent of 50 sample size believe that Identity Theft could be risk factor
from the misuse of Smart Phone. Identity theft and fraud is one of the most common types of
cybercrime. The term Identity Theft is used, when a person purports to be some other person,
with a view to creating a fraud for financial gains. When this is done online on the Internet, its
is called Online Identity Theft. The most common source to steal identity information of
others, are data breaches affecting government or federal websites. It can be data breaches of
private websites too, that contain important information such as – credit card information,
address, email ID’s, etc.
These are the negative impact of Smart Phones related to the cyber crime, perceived by the 50
sample size. The multiple choice question was asked to the entire respondent and they
responded to their own view of perception to answer the questions. It clearly shows that the
people are aware about the negative impact of the Smart Phones but are still using the social
networks may be due to craziness and addiction. The phone has created the negative impact
over the users due to their long time spent on the Smart Phones, uses Smart Phones more as
the entertainment purposes than the core value of the value.

2.2MAJOR FINDINGS OF THE STUDY

After surveying with 50 respondent, I found that all the users using Smart Phone have more
negative impact than its proper uses, the over use of the Smart Phone creates verities of issues
to the users. Survey found issues related to physical, psychological and social factors
influenced negatively. Research finds the majority of users are female compared to male users.
And every family posse the smart phone user. Unsurprisingly Majority of user based on
profession are students. Focusing on the physical issues to the users, they say that they have
back pain, neck pain, vision problems in majorly which implies the negative impact of
samrtphone for the users. And psychological problems like depression, stress, anxiety
addiction to the Smart Phone are the major negative impact as concerned. The perception
related to cyber crime from the survey shows that there could be hacking, cyber bullying,
ransomware, identity theft could be easily done. This makes clear that these are the major
negative impact of samrtphone.
22
 CHAPTER: 3
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
3.1 CONCLUSION
The conclusion from the project could be drawn that there is negative impact of Smart Phone
in the Kathmandu valley as they hampers their social network losing their physical friends and
gaining the virtual friends, they also have less communication with their friends and family.
Many medical applications for Smart Phones have been developed and widely used by health
professionals and patients. The use of Smart Phones is getting more attention in healthcare day
by day. Medical applications make Smart Phones useful tools in the practice of evidence-
based medicine at the point of care, in addition to their use in mobile clinical communication.
Also, Smart Phones can play a very important role in patient education, disease self-
management, and remote monitoring of patients. Also the user’s beliefs that there is lots of
chances for the cyber crime as the advancement of the technology and application. Identity
could be easily theft of other users as they react the original one which is major problem and
current issues of Smart Phone all over the world. It have lots of negative impact over the user
health and hooking up with the phones for the long time lead pain over the back, neck, eyes
and they could not manage the proper time for the exercise and fitness which directly implies
the negativity of Smart Phone in the users. Similarly the psychological problems like
depression, stress, addiction, dizziness from the over use of the device. We can clearly say that
society is been affected adversely due to introduction to Smart Phones and people have
become less concern to their society, health and creativity had been decreased as the
applications on the Smart Phone provides them the quick and accurate response which do not
allows users to use their brain and common since for small problems, they have been more
dependent to the Smart Phones for all the activities as concerned. It can also be concluded that
Smart Phones are now used for entertainment purpose rather than its core value, using to kill
the time and stick unnecessarily to device which is really going in wrong track and misuse of
device.

3.2 RECOMMENDATIONS
This conclusion drawn from the analysis shows that users are now addicted towards the Smart
Phones despite they are aware about the negative impact to their health and social network and
their lifestyle and hampers the cyber crime. It can be managed by ensuring that all digital data
is appropriately encrypted, and that the network and devices associated with the network are
password-protected so that the hacking and other identity theft can be minimized and by not
sharing the personal data and pin codes to the entrusted personnel.

Looking at the scenario of the background, data representation and data analysis and also
drawing conclusion, some of the major suggestion for the users could be:

23
 Regulate access to social-networking sites like Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube, and
promote an intercompany communication network in the workplace.
 Ensure that all digital data is appropriately encrypted, and that the network and devices
associated with the network are password-protected.
 Keeping them busy by sticking to their primary mission of the life and profession.
 Management of time for the proper activites and set limit for the use of Smart Phones
 Evolving to the social activities and physical exercise by playing games, outdoor
sports, outing with friends rather that hooking with the smart phones for the long time.

24
 REFRENCES
Blablawriting. (n.d.). Retrieved from blablawriting.com: https://blablawriting.com/negative-
effects-of-smartphones-essay

koreatimes. (n.d.). Retrieved from www.koreatimes.co.kr:

http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/nation/2016/02/181_188169.html

wikipedia. (n.d.). Retrieved from wikipedia.org: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smartphone

Engle, J., & Kollt, D. a. (1968 and 1973). Perception on consumer behavior.

Howard, J. A., & Sheth, J. N. (1969). A Theory of Buyer Behavior.

Howard, J. A., & Sheth, J. N. (1969). The theory of buyer behavior. New York, Wiley.

Lam, S. K., Ahearne, M., Hu, Y., & Schillewaret, N. (2010). Resistance to brand switchind
when a radically new brand is introduced: A social identiy theory perspective. Journal of
Marketing(6), 128-146.

Sheth, J. N. (1973). A field study of attitude structure and attitude-behavior relationship.

Engle, J., & Kollt, D. a. (1968 and 1973). Perception on consumer behavior.

Jocoby, J. (1971). Brand Loyalty: a conceptual definitation. Proceedings in 79th Annual

Convention of the American Psychology Association, 6, 655-659.

Katz, & Daniel. (1960). The functional approach to the study of attitudes. Public Opinion
Quartely, 24, 163-204.

N., S. J. (1967). A review of buyer behavior. Vol.13, No.12.

Oliver, R. l. (2014). A Behavior prspective on the consumer.

Oliver, R. L. (2014). A Behavioral Perspective on the consumer. (Second, Ed.)

Osgood, C. E. (1956). Behavior theory and social sciences. Behavioral Science, 1(3).

Rosenbery, & M. j. (1956, November). Congnitive structure and attitudinal affect. Journal of
Abnormal and social psychology, pp.367-372.

Sheth, J. N., & Park, W. C. (1974). 1, 449-459.

Smith, C. (2004, 11 19). The brave New World of Neuromarketing is Here.

25
APPENDICS

Verities of questions were asked to the respondent without biasing respondent on their age,
gender, profession, religion and they were not forced to answer with any means, and no
remuneration was paid to respondent.

1. Number of Smart Phone’s users in family

Users Tick to the choice

A 0
B 1
C 2
D 3
E 4 and above
2. Age of Smart Phone users

Age groups Tick to the choice

A Below 10
B 10-15
C 15-20
D 20 and above
3. Gender

Gender Tick to the choice

A Male
B Female

4. Profession of users

Profession of users Tick to the choice

A Students
B Job holders
C Housewife

26
5. Why do the users use Smart Phone?

(You can choose more than one answer)

Use of Smart Phone Tick to the choice

A Enjoy various functions and apps
B Surf the internet
C Convenient to communicate with others
D To get instant news and information
E Peer influence
F Follow the trend

6. How much time do you spend on your Smart Phone (except phone calling) every day?

Time used by User Tick to the choice

A Less than 1 hours
B 1 hour – 2 hour
C 2 hr – 4 hrs
D 4 hrs-6 hrs
E Above 6 hrs

7. What is the frequent social media used by the users who have their account over social
sites? (Choice may be more than one)

Application Tick to the choice

A Facebook
B Whatsapp
C Instagram
D Viber
E Twitter
F Others

27
8. What they majorly (most) use Smart Phones for?

Major use Tick to the choice

A Phone calls
B Messaging
C Videos
D Listening songs
E Gaming
F Social meida

9. Amount of monetary value (recharge cards) users recharge daily on their Smart Phone?

Money spent (RS) Tick to the choice

A 0-20
B 21-50
C 51- 100
D 101 and above

10. What are the physical problems you have started facing since use Smart Phone? (Choice
may be more than one)

Physical problems Tick to the choice

A Back pain

B Neck pain

C Problem in vision

D Hearing ability

E Weight Management & Fitness Levels

F Insomnia

28
11. What are the mental/psychological problems you have started realizing since the use of
Smart Phone? (Choice may be more than one)

Psychological problems Tick to the choice

A Depression
B Stress
C Decreased creativity
D Anxiety
E Addiction
F Dizziness

12. How the use of social media is affecting your social network? (Choice may be more than
one)

Affected social Links Tick to the choice

A Hampered friend zone of society
B Less personal talks with friends and
family
C Increased of virtual social network, but
loss of physical friends

13. What is the crime caused by use of Smart Phone according to your perception?

Crimes caused by Smart Phone Tick to the choice

A Cyber bullying
B Hacking
C Ransomware
D Identity theft

29