IV Form

Assessment Record Sheet

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BUSINESS & BUSINESS
ENVIRONMENT

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 ASSIGNMENT BRIEF

It will be explained in these assignments how organizations are classified according to their
kinds as well as their size and scope. These organizations will include government, private, and
non-government organizations. You'll learn about how different functions within an organization
interact with one another and how they relate to an organization's structural design in this course.
Utilized current-day examples to illustrate both the positive and negative influence/impact that the
macroeconomic climate has on company operations Determine the internal strengths and
weaknesses of particular companies and explain how these variables interact with external macro
factors to complete the assignment.

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

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 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

In this task, I have chosen as a government entity National Water Supply and Drainage
Board. Then Singer Sri Lanka regarded private sector companies, and USAIDS evaluated Sri
Lanka as a non-governmental organization. I addressed the classification of organizations by kind
and by size and scope. These groups will comprise government, corporate and NGOs. You will
study how various functions of an organization interact in this course and how they connect to the
structural architecture of an organization. Use today's examples to demonstrate the positive and
negative effect on business operations of the macroeconomic environment Determine the internal
strengths and weaknesses of certain enterprises and how these variables interact with external
macro factors to accomplish the task.

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 CONTENTS

Assignment Brief 4
Acknowledgement 5
Executive Summary 6
Introduction 8
National Water Supply & Drainage Board 9
Singer (Sri Lanka) PLC 14
USAIDS In Sri Lanka 18
Conclusion 22
References 23

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 INTRODUCTION

The National Water Supply and Drainage Board is the government organization that I have
selected. Then, Singer Sri Lanka considered private sector businesses, while the United States
Agency for International Development (USAID) regarded Sri Lanka as a nongovernmental
organization. We have examined the size, scope, objectives, and legal structures of the three
organizations mentioned above, as well as the differences between them. Assess the relationship
between the organization's structure, size, and scope, as well as the business goals, products and
services provided by those companies, that you identified in the job and analysis. Give examples
of the relationships that exist among the various organizational roles and how they are linked to
the organization's goals and structure. Examine the benefits and drawbacks of interrelationships
between organizational activities, as well as the effect that these connections may have on the
structure of the organization. Identify and critically evaluate the complexity of various kinds of
company structures, along with the interrelationships between the various organizational roles.

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 NATIONAL WATER SUPPLY & DRAINAGE BOARD

In 1975, the National Water Supply and Drainage

Board (NWSDB) was formed as a renowned statutory
organization in the field of sanitation engineering. For the
last four decades, the NWSDB has served the island
country by providing purified drinking water and
maintaining hygiene standards. Prior to the ministry of
irrigation, electricity, and roads taking over the company
in 1995, it had been providing a comparable service under
the management of the public works department, which had been in operation since 1908. The
service has monopolized the public utility sector while adhering to the vision and purpose
statements of the National Water Supply and Drainage Board. Currently, the NWSDB serves about
two million customers, but it hopes to broaden its scope in order to contribute to the development
of a healthy country.

Primary Functions
➢ Water supply and sewerage projects using local money and donor help are being
investigated, planned, designed, and constructed under the direction of a project manager.
For these types of initiatives, it is necessary to conduct feasibility studies, cost estimations,
and environmental impact assessments.
➢ The operation and maintenance of water supply and sewerage systems in order to provide
consumers with a good service.
➢ Billing and collection are accomplished via the use of reasonable tariffs.

Secondary Functions
➢ Planning and development of human resource resources
➢ Research and development for service enhancement using cutting-edge methods is being
conducted.
➢ Budgeting and financial management are important.

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 ➢ Publicity and consumer education campaigns on the efficient use of water and the
minimization of non-revenue water are being implemented.
➢ Management of Organizational Structures and Strategic Initiatives
➢ Laboratory services for the monitoring and management of the water and wastewater
quality.
➢ Helping community-based organizations, local governments, state agencies, and
private/public sector organizations with technical support is our specialty.
➢ Ground water studies, deep drilling, and the installation of tube wells and hand pumps are
all possible.
➢ Water supply and sanitation consulting services are available.
➢ The formulation and administration of projects
➢ Coordination with players and stakeholders from the sector
➢ Information management and reporting are two important functions.

Strengths
They have a team of highly motivated and technically skilled staff. Their staff comprises
senior professionals in many disciplines like technology, finance, administration and other areas
with post-graduate degrees. Our personnel include middle-level officials with technical training
and a wide range of experience in the water supply and sewage sectors. The Planning and Design
Division is comprised of senior engineers with significant experience in the water and sewage
sectors. For process designs as well as pipeline designs, water treatment systems and pumping
plant designs, senior engineers are responsible.

Technical Capabilities
They are responsible for the management and maintenance of more than 312 water supply
systems spread throughout the island of Malta. Our activities are carried out with the aid of modern
technology. Pipeline designs are being done with the use of software programs such as Water Cad.
They are successfully using information technology resources for our job at an acceptable level of
utilization. Local Area Networks, Wide Area Networks, and other hardware and software are
available to help us enhance the efficiency of our daily operations. In addition, we are utilizing a
Virtual Private Network that covers the whole island.

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Operation level
The National Water Supply and Drainage Board (NWS&DB) now operates 324 water
supply schemes, which provide piped water to 34 percent of the country's entire population. Some
local authorities, non-governmental organizations, and community-based organizations provide
piped water to 10.5 percent of the population, according to the World Bank. Hand pump tube
wells supply 13 percent of the population, which is a significant proportion. As a result, we aim
to expand the coverage of piped water to 45.7 percent by 2015, allowing us to meet the United
Nations Millennium Development Goal of 85 percent safe drinking water coverage by that year.
The NWSDB is also responsible for the sewage system of Colombo and its suburbs, as well as in
Hantane, Koggala, Hikkaduwa, Kataragama, and a few housing developments.

Legal Frame work

Board of Directors (Modification) Act No 13 of 1992. Note: This Act is referred as Law
No. 13 of 1992 of the National Water Supply and Drainage Board. A local authority may seek the
Board to establish public pipes inside the 1974 administrative bounds of the local authority
territory at a particular point. The Board must also recover water expenses from the municipal
authority in question. NWSDB Act No. 2 of 1974, a National Water Supply and Drainage Board
Act dealing with connected or ancillary matters.

Relationship with outsides

The Corporate Services Division is one of the most significant departments under the
National Water Supply and Drainage Board. In the organization's Corporate Services division,
which reports to the Additional General Manager (Corporate Services), the division is responsible
for the provision of a variety of support services that are directly related to the organization's core
business activities. The NWSDB's Information Technology Division, which works under the
jurisdiction of the Additional General Manager (Corporate Services), is in charge of the
organization's information technology systems and solutions. The division is supervised and
controlled by the Deputy General Manager (Information Technology), who is assisted by two
Assistant General Managers who are each responsible for a certain subject area, namely
Infrastructure Services and Application Development.

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 National Water Supply and Drainage Board (NWSDB) has taken a number of steps to
improve the IT Infrastructure and Solutions to better meet the needs and requirements of the
organization while also keeping up with the latest industry trends. This is in recognition of the fact
that information technology can be a highly effective tool for improving operational efficiency,
service quality, and overall productivity of an organization.
While maintaining the existing IT Infrastructure in a sound and healthy condition in order
to ensure the uninterrupted and reliable operation of critical business solutions at peak performance
levels, one of the major tasks of the IT Division during the year was the continuous upgrading of
the IT Infrastructure. These efforts included the extension of the IP VPN to encompass new and
significant sites such as shops, OIC offices, treatment plants, and other such establishments.
Remote VPN capability was provided to many new sites, such as sewerage offices, OIC offices,
and other areas, as a cost-effective way of establishing wide-area connection. New servers have
been introduced to the system in order to increase capacity and performance levels in response to
the growing demands of IT solution use. It is intended to upgrade the current Server Room
architecture to a more contemporary, complex information technology infrastructure based on
virtualization principles in the near future. It was decided to do a preliminary evaluation of the
organization's potential use of cloud computing in order to determine its viability.
The National Water Supply and Drainage Board has created a Research and Development
Section to develop and implement innovative technologies in the organization's water supply
operations. Large corporations, particularly those dealing with cutting-edge goods and technology,
often have Research and Development Departments on their payroll. At the moment, the
government's goal is to achieve 100 percent safe drinking water coverage in the country by 2020,
as well as to increase pipe-borne water supply coverage to 60 percent by 2020. At the moment,
safe drinking water coverage is 85 percent, and pipe-borne coverage is approximately 45 percent;
however, the government has set a target of 60 percent by 2020. Water quality is decreasing day
by day as a result of human activities, and water supply is becoming a more difficult job as a result
of climate change. As a result, the R&D department is responsible for the identification of suitable
technologies as well as the cost optimization.

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Oganization Structure

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 SINGER (SRI LANKA) PLC

Singer (Sri Lanka) PLC is a big, diversified company

with a national presence. Since its inception in sewing
machines, Singer's product line has expanded to include
home, industrial, and financial goods under a very
successful multi-brand strategy. Singer had 1,147 full-time
workers at the end of 2010. With 345 stores, one factory,
eight regional service centres, over 300 service franchise
agents, 91 sales agents, 64 Singer Fashion Academy branches, four Singer Culinary School
branches, and one Distribution Center.
Singer, although being a big and diverse business, has a poor corporate image and
reputation. Global companies like Sony, Samsung, Panasonic see Singer's goods and services as
inferior. Singer is a well-known business in Sri Lanka, however its goods are not appealing to high
and middle-class customers. The reputation of each stakeholder with the business varies depending
on their experiences and knowledge of the organization. Many businesses keep in mind the
importance of a good reputation when dealing with day-to-day issues.

Singers Branding Strategy

Following the aforementioned typology, Singer currently uses the Van Riel typology of
the Strong Endorsement type, because all the different products and services of the company are
marketed and branded under a company brand named Singer, which is subject to all company
standards, rules and regulations. These are some characteristics that may be used to show that
Singer Brand Typology is based on a strong Van Riel Brand Typology support method.
➢ All goods should be branded with the company's emblem and name.
➢ Visibility for parents is quite high.
➢ There is a high degree of identification with the organizational level
➢ Transparency to an extreme degree
➢ Communication plan must be coordinated to the letter.
➢ Demonstrating the collective power of the organization

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 All of these goods have a greater brand value than the business that they are promoting
(Singer). Finally, it exhibits minor monolithic features as a result of the fact that the whole
company employs a single visual style. According to the Olins idea, the business can be identified
immediately since it utilizes the same symbols and emblems wherever it operates.

Singer Vision/Mission and Values

The marketing strategy of Singer is based on the idea of market share and cost management.
Singer is a market leader in both sales and revenue at the time of writing in the consumer
electronics industry. Top managers play an increasingly important role in strategy development.
Once a plan has been established, the Top Management seeks permission and consent from
external and internal stakeholders to hear and make required adjustments. Singer shares all of its
financial information via its corporate website and they exercise more stakeholder involvement
and are very helpful in their participative decision-making processes.

Group Structure

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Corporate Branding for Singer
Advantages:
➢ It is possible for the business and its brands to achieve a more favorable position in
the market.
➢ Corporate branding methods may be used to maintain control over a company's
physical and intangible assets, which in turn can contribute to superior branding
performance.
➢ Because it will be at the top of the brand portfolio, it creates a sense of simplicity.
(Branding on an umbrella)
➢ Cost savings may be realized through decreasing marketing and product advertising
expenditures, among other things.
➢ Having a strong and successful corporate branding strategy may make a significant
difference in how well the management's vision and objectives are implemented.
➢ It often aids management and the company in focusing on their vision, purpose, and
value proposition, among other things.

Disadvantages:
➢ When several goods with the same corporate brand are marketed via a single advertising,
the distinctive features of their separate products are not emphasized.
➢ Singer may come to be associated with a particular product category in the future. Products
with well-known brand names may be referred to as belonging to the same product
category by other individuals.

Additional Opportunities for Corporate Branding are now available.

Company branding singer initiatives may assist to revive product brands. It would facilitate
brand management and credibility, promote internal brand development and highlight differences
and support widespread business components through communication as a consequence of the
usage of this technology. In order to enhance the status of the company brands, major sponsorships
and citizenship activities should be introduced to the organization. Since Singer is a leader in

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corporate programs, incorporating the kinds of programs mentioned below in their operations, it
will allow them to further enhance their corporate brand image.
➢ The care of senior people and children, as well as involvement in events and sponsorships
are all priorities.
➢ Giving priority to the communities located in the most remote areas of Sri Lanka via
charitable endeavors.
➢ Because it will be simple to sell, branding may be utilized as a platform for innovation to
take place.
➢ To establish ourselves as a prominent brand in the consumer electronics sector
(Differentiation).

Role of Stakeholders in Corporate Branding for Singer

Its customers and suppliers are given a particular position in Singer's organization, and the
company maintains a highly interactive relationship in which stability is considered an essential
component of the company's operation. The majority of the company's support comes from its
consumers, who have purchased goods and have continued to do so with confidence and certainty.
In Singer SL, the stakeholders are very pleased and satisfied, and they have a great deal of value
for the business. However, their connection with Singer demonstrates that they have
communication and procedural problems. According to the results of the study, it is clear that the
stakeholders are committed to the development of the business and are willing to accept any
changes that occur inside the organization as a result of their strong connection with the company.

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 USAIDS IN SRI LANKA

All of USAID's objectives are to save lives, to reduce poverty,

to promote democracy and to assist people move beyond aid.
Traditionally, American foreign assistance has worked to
promote US interests while improving living in
underdeveloped nations. USAID conducts US foreign policy
through developing stable, free societies, establishing US
markets and trade partners, and encouraging goodwill in other countries. USAID works in over
100 countries to:
➢ Promote Global Peace
➢ Aid Humanitarians
➢ Inspire Innovation and Cooperation
➢ Emancipate Females
USAID evolves. It helps families, communities, and nations flourish. So you may help to
stop the next global pandemic, or assist a farmer expand her company. USAID is the world's
leading international development organization. USAID's work supports U.S. national security and
economic success, as well as beneficiary self-reliance and resilience. We offer development
assistance to support partner nations on their own development path to self-reliance — aiming to
help elevate lives, strengthen communities, and achieve self-sufficiency. Their activities are for
and by Americans. Opens new markets and opportunities for commerce, develops creative
solutions for previously intractable development problems, saves lives, and promotes democracy,
governance, and peace.

Legal Framework

USAID's initiatives are allowed by the Congress to augment the Foreign Assistance Act
with guidelines in the Annual Financing Appropriation Act and other laws. As a formal component
of US foreign policy, USAID works under the direction of the President, the State Secretary and
the National Security Council. USAID works in more than 100 countries, mostly in Africa, Asia,
Latin America, the Middle East and Eastern Europe.

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Structure

In Sri Lanka

In the fields of farming, ecology, natural resources, health, education, economic

development, trading and humanitarian assistance, US-funded initiatives have been working in Sri
Lanka since 1956. USAID has led the way in providing humanitarian assistance in both natural
and man-made disasters. USAID organized emergency relief, rehabilitation and reconstruction aid
after the 2004 tsunami, the conclusion of the conflict in 2009 and the yearly flooding since 2010.
USAID strives to foster democracy, social cohesion and economic inclusivity with Sri Lankans.

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The collaboration has achieved a lot over the years. Highlights:
➢ Every 180 days of school-age children with a nutritious biscuit and the treatment of
maternal food deficiency. Triposha, a nutritional supplement, remains one of the
world's most successful Food for Peace initiatives.
➢ Together with USAID diesel power carriages were provided to improve Ceylon's
railway services. Diesel coaches were more efficient than coal-burning engines,
which saved railway mileage rupees. In 1958 railroads were able to handle 36,000
people per day.
➢ For decades, USAID has been helping to control and eradicate malaria via the
financing of research, training and equipment. Sri Lanka has been malaria-free since
September 2016.
➢ For example, USAID funded the largest river-basin development project in the nation
from the late 1970s to the early 1990s.
➢ In the late 1980s and early 1990s, USAID financed the Colombo Stock Exchange
with training and equipment that gained global attention. USAID has also assisted to
establish the Security Exchange Commission.
➢ Around one out of every twenty Sri Lankans received USAID assistance after a
conflict or natural disaster.
➢ Towards USAID the Tsunami Reconstruction Program donated $135 million,
including Arugam Bay Bridge.
➢ Around 15,000 families would benefit from upgraded fishing ports in southern Sri
Lanka – New vocational schools constructed in the east and south of Sri Lanka.
➢ The USAID encouraged investment by the private sector in the former war zones and
economically disadvantaged regions of Sri Lanka. Since 2007, the PPAls have
produced over $35 million in income from the private sector and over 50,000
employment.
➢ Towards USAID had a lasting impact with a rubber prothesis foot manufactured
locally. Sri Lanka has one of the highest amputee rates due to the 26-year conflict.
➢ The rubber foot model financed by USAID is adapted to local needs and climate.
Thousands of protheses are sent to government, commercial and non-profit groups
every day via the USAID-funded facility.

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Works Implemented in Sri Lanka

➢ Sri Lanka, an island country in the Indian Ocean, is vital to maritime and regional
stability. Significant political, social, and economic upheaval has swept the island recently.
The US works with Sri Lanka to promote democratic government, inclusive economic
development, social peace, and a free and prosperous Indo-Pacific.
➢ USAID helps to enhance disaster and risk management in Sri Lanka. USAID helps
Sri Lanka design, fund, and execute its own development initiatives.
➢ After a 26-year conflict and numerous natural catastrophes, Sri Lanka's population
of over 21 million continues to rebuild. Slow economic development, high young
unemployment, income disparity, policy uncertainty, and the 2019 terrorist attacks are
challenges facing Sri Lanka. USAID works with Sri Lankan partners to promote
democratic government and inclusive economic development.
➢ Reconciliation efforts spearheaded by Sri Lanka have been aided by historic
changes that boosted women's participation in government. USAID works to strengthen
essential democratic institutions, foster a vibrant civil society, and support the rule of law
in Sri Lanka. USAID also works with the Sri Lankan government and people to promote
multi-ethnic communication.
➢ A lack of foreign investment, citizen access to financing, and a skills deficit stifle
development. The US Agency for International Development (USAID) works with small
and medium-sized companies to generate employment and raise wages. USAID supports
more than 40,000 young Sri Lankans get access to technical and vocational education, as
well as business possibilities.
➢ Natural catastrophes have increased the demand for excellent basic services.
USAID builds on decades of cooperation to help governments prepare for and react to
disasters. USAID works directly with affected communities to improve water quality and
provide psychological support.

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 CONCLUSION

It has been determined that there are significant variations between the Water Supply and
Drainage Board, Singer Sri Lanka and the United States Agency for International Development
(USAID) in terms of size, scope, goals, and legal frameworks, as well as the variances between
them. Examine the connection between the structure, size, and scope of the organization, as well
as the business objectives, goods, and services offered by those businesses, that you identified in
the job and analysis, and the relationship between the structure, size, and scope of the organization.
Exhibit instances of the connections that exist between the different organizational functions and
how they are related to the objectives and structure of the organization. In this section, we will
discuss the advantages and disadvantages of interrelationships between organizational activities,
as well as the potential impact that these connections may have on the organization's structure.
Identify and critically assess the degree of complexity present in different types of business
structures, as well as the interrelationships that exist between the many functions that comprise the
organization.

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Reference

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Cherunilam, F., 2010. Business environment. Mumbai [India]: Himalaya Pub. House.

Environment International, 1993. Business strategy and the environment. 19(3), p.310.

Friesl, M., 2011. Knowledge Acquisition Strategies and Company Performance in Young High Technology
Companies. British Journal of Management, p.no-no.

Hostiuck, K., 1973. Business' Interpenetration of the Political Environment. Business & Society, 14(1),
pp.19-27.

James, P., 1994. Business environmental performance measurement. Bus. Strat. Env., 3(2), pp.59-67.

Sri Lanka (2021). USAIDS. https://www.usaid.gov/sri-lanka/ [Accessed 20 August 2021].

UKEssays. November 2018. Singer Plc. [online]. Available from:
https://www.ukessays.com/essays/marketing/singer-plc-in-sri-lanka-marketing-essay.php?vref=1
[Accessed 22 August 2021].
United States Agency for International Development (2021). Wikipedia.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Agency_for_International_Development. [Accessed
22 August 2021].

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