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Practice 1. OSI model in practice

Rodriguez Venegas Thomas Francisco

Abstract—The OSI model provides a ”common basis for the

coordination of standards development for the purpose of systems
interconnection”, throughout this document we analyze different
scenarios as well as the layers that the sniffer allows us to see
and how they work by linking to each other. Obviously in search
of knowledge for our career and signature of ”Transmision de
datos” in UPIITA-IPN

I. I NTRODUCTION Fig. 3: Interface for a wifi connection

An OSI model (Open system interconnection) ”Is a frame-
work for defining the conventions and tasks required for
network systems to communicate with another one [1]”. A. A video on Youtube
The OSI model has many benefits like the compability To check the packets on this part, i just take the first video
with other software or hardware even and an easy un- i found in youtube, a short video around 10-15 min, i found
derstanding nature that allowed us know how to operate. QUIC protocol that in the Application layer i’ll explain with
The purpose of this model more detail
was to ”assist vendors and 1) Data link layer: Inside of the data link layer we found
communications software the address and the sources, in this case, the ”HuaweiTe 1c”
developers to produce and the ”IntelCor f4”(this is the processor of my laptop), all
interoperable systems[1]”. this is showed in the figure 4
This model have seven
layer that showed how the
application running in a
network. This model ”..is Fig. 1: Seven layers of OSI model
generic and applies to all
network types, not just to TCP/IP, and all media types, not
Fig. 4: Address and source
just Ethernet[2]”. So, at our level as students we are going to
analyze this model in different scenarios and how it works.
2) Network layer: In this layer, we can observe an Internet
Protocol Version 4 (IPV4) showing us the destination address
II. O BJECTIVES and source address
• Analize our network as an OSI model using an sniffer. 3) Transport layer: The youtube videos are using a UDP
• Identify the packets from our device as part of an OSI obviously with their source port and a destination port
layer. 4) Application layer: In this layer is there an important
• Learn how to use and interpret a sniffer with our network detail, youtube are using a ”QUIC” this is an experimental
protocol to reduce TCP connections an transport latencies. it’s
III. D EVELOPMENT suppose that QUIC is one of the best protocols for moving
After all in my specific device and not for desktop, so i was thinking that OperaGX
case, i used OperaGX nav- is using this protocol to be more faster
igator and Wireshark snif-
fer, this program help us to B. A Youtube livestreaming
analyze the differents pack- Fig. 2: Wireshark logo
ets that we receive during To investigate the layer on a live-streaming, i just take the
the use of our internet and it shows the OSI model layers. first music live video i found in the main page.
At the first layer of OSI model,in my case, I’m using a wifi 1) Data link layer: Here we have the same stuff like in the
connection in my laptop to recieve and send data on various data layer from a normal video, this is showed exactly in the
websites and programs,you can see that in the figure 3.The figure 4
decodificator of my tv works like a modem and send the wifi 2) Network layer: The same here, we have the IPV4
to my room in a distance around 9-10 meters, in this practice protocol but with a mayor total length
during the development, it was analyzed 4 different scenarios, 3) Transport layer: The youtube live-streaming is using a
each one being different. UDP but with more bytes than a normal video
 2

4) Application layer: At this point we just only know the
size of the data, 929 byte to be exactly, this is just one package
of many more
C. An email
While i was trying to identify the layer in Wireshark,
sometimes i found TCP or UDP protocols, so i decided to take
the TCP because i think is more important to watch how this
protocol react to send emails, above all the data is encrypted
and hard to see for a beginner like me
1) Data link layer: Here we find the usual, the address and
the sources like the other scenarios
2) Network layer: Here we have a IPV4 telling us the flags
an the total length
3) Transport layer: As i said, the email used a TCP, the
network layer show the ports of the destination and source,
the sequence number,acknowledgement number an the TCP
segment length, this is showed in the following Figure 5.
IV. C ONCLUSIONS
Throughout the practice, it was analyzed the layers of the
OSI model that wireshark allowed us, in fact, all of this help
us to identify the components in each layer, like the data layer
which shows the address and the source from the packets, even
the network layer that help us to know what type of protocols
used the differents scenarios.
Wireshark is an useful program that helped us to develop
the practice and also to know how each layer in the model
works with a strong relation with another one
R EFERENCES
[1] S. Kumar, S. Dalal, and V. Dixit, “The osi model:
Overview on the seven layers of computer networks,” In-
ternational Journal of Computer Science and Information
Technology Research, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 461–466, 2014.
[2] N. Briscoe, “Understanding the osi 7-layer model,” PC
Network Advisor, vol. 120, no. 2, pp. 13–15, 2000.

Fig. 5: Transport layer

4) Application layer: At this point, we have TLSv1.2 which

is an special application data protocol,the only information
that we can obtain are the type of content, the length and the
encrypted application data as we can see in the next figure.

Fig. 6: Encrypted data

D. A webpage
To check the packets on a web page i used a web who
take me to a random page around 5-6 times which help me to
analyze the layers
1) Data link layer: At this point we can say that the Data
link layer will be the same in all the sections, the same address
and source
2) Network layer: This layer is where we can start to see
changes, sometimes we can see an IPV6 protocol or an IPV4,
both of them are IP address that are used to identify machines
connected to a network, but IPV4 is 32 bit binary and IPV6 is
a 128 bit binary, this protocols cannot communicate with other
but can exist together on the same network, this is known as
dual stack
3) Transport layer: Here we have the TCP or UPD proto-
cols working to send the data in order of relevance
4) Application layer: As in the network layer, here we have
differents application layer like the DNS or TLS, both of them
relationed to web engineering