CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

Education plays a predominant role in this modern world. In today's world education

became the most important aspect. Education plays a key role in the development of the society.

There is day by day advancement in the field of education. It is the ultimate pathway of success.

Education gives a great deal of support and encourages each and every individual. "Being

educated is the biggest asset". The stunning fact is that education is given highest place in today's

world. One should learn to respect parents or else they will not have values, and one should also

learn to respect education or else they will be ruined. Education will promote knowledge and

awareness in rural area. Right to education is a fundamental right(Rathore,2018).

“Education is an amazing tool which can be used to change the world and facilitate one’s

purpose in life.”(Goyal 2018). The level of preparation and learning strategies developed and

employed consciously by students, go a long way to influence their level of academic

performance. Thus, study habit is one of the greatest students or learning factors that hugely

influences students’ academic achievements. If undermined by students at all levels, teachers,

administrators, parents and guardians, school counselors and the government, then, the trend and

menace of students’ abysmal performance in both internal and external examinations would

continue to boom and become more devastating and alarming or positive (good) study habit.

They further maintain that if students can develop a good study habit and with good discipline,

they are bound to perform remarkably well in their academic pursuit. Husain (2000) stresses that

lack of effective or positive (good) study habits is a critical study problem among students at all

levels. Grace (2013) also maintains that the process of learning is still a little mysterious but
studies do show that the most effective process for studying involves highly active behavior over

a period of time. In other words, to study effectively, one must read, draw, compare, memorize

and test himself over time. The concept of study habit according to Husain (2000) is broad, as it

combines nearly all other sub-concepts such as study attitude, study methods and study skills.

Attitude is a mental and natural state of readiness, organized through experience, exerting

a direct influence on the individual’s response to all objects and situations with which is related.

Attitude towards study has great contribution on academic achievement, and good study pattern.

Successful learners adopt positive attitude towards study, and do not waste time or energy over

what they have to do. If the learning experience is pleasant, the learner’s attitude and motivation

is usually positive, and if the learning experience is not pleasant he tends to avoid it. Negative

attitude towards study sometimes finds expression in comment such as “I study but cannot

remember what I study” or “the lessons are too long”. Attitude serves as index on how we think

and feel about people, objects and issues in our environment. Study attitude, according to Husain

(2000), refers to the predispositions which students have developed towards private readings

through a period of time. According to him, study attitude offers great possibilities for successful

achievement in studies. Study method is the knowledge and application of effective study skills

or techniques by students. Several study methods have been identified several effective study

methods and skills that could be used by students based on the learning environment (Husain,

2000).

Kelli (2009) posits that for students to succeed in their studies, they must be able to

appropriately assimilate course content, digest it, reflect on it and be able to articulate the

information in written and/or oral form. What is fundamental is the ability of a student to acquire

effective study habits. Many students feel that the hours of study are the most important.
 However, students can study for hours on end and retain very little. The more appropriate

question is how students should study more effectively. Developing good time management

skills is very important. Students must realize that there is a time to be in class, a time for study,

time for family, time to socialize and time to just be alone. The critical issue is recognition that

there must be an appropriate balance. Students should also have vision. A clearly articulated

picture of the future they intend to create for themselves is very important and contributes to

students’ success in school. This will promote a passion for what they wish to do. Passion is

critical and leads to an intense interest, dedication and commitment to achieving career goals and

objectives.

Marc (2011) explains that students with learning problems, however, may still have

generally inefficient and ineffective study habits and skills. Becoming aware of your learning

habits or styles will help students to understand why they sometimes get frustrated with common

study methods. He observes that good study habits are essential to educational success; as they

contribute to a successful academic future. Good study habits lead to good grades while good

grades lead to admissions to better colleges and universities, possibly with a scholarship thrown

in. This in turn, will lead to a great career. Developing good study habits to Marc is very crucial

for every student irrespective of his level of education. It boosts students’ ability to be

selfdisciplined, self-directed and ultimately successful in their degree programs.

The sooner a student starts practicing and developing good habits, the better chance he

will have that he will continue with them. Procrastination can be overcome with proper study

habits and improving one’s study habits is the key to better studying. Being organized and

having homework routines are the most important things in helping a child/student develop good

study habits for life. Developing good study habits help spell success and a student will find
himself working more efficiently and experiencing lesser stress in the process. He adds that

having effective study habits creates a more efficient academic environment. Planning your

study schedule as a student in advance and faithfully sticking to it saves time. When students

have good study habits, they tend to be less stressed. Students who are anxious on exam day are

typically the procrastinators who come unprepared. Students who organize their lives and stick to

their established study schedules are confident and relaxed at test-taking time (Marc, 2011).

There are several key study habits that are crucial to all students’ success. One of such is

study in a good environment, a little bit of background music, such as classical with no lyrics are

fine and a good studying location. Whether studying in rain or shine, day or night, what is most

important is to be consistent and stay on one schedule. Generally, study habits can be classified

into two-good study habits, and bad study habits. Good study habits according to Katelyn (2013)

are sometimes referred to as positive or productive study habits. As the name implies, they are

those pleasant study habits which have the tendency to improve the academic performance of

students or that seem to produce good results. They are the study habits which make students

successful in their studies after developing and applying them throughout their academic career.

Good study habits occur as a result of practice and knowing what methods are most effective for

you as a student. When studying, stay away from distractions, such as the computer. Instead of

procrastinating, work on a long term assignment daily, instead of studying the night before, study

a little each night. Review what you learned in class every day when you get home, before Ebele

and Olofu 585 starting homework. Also, a good tip is to review what you did in class the

previous day at the beginning of class when you have a few minutes before the teacher starts

talking. By learning the ways that you learn the best, you will be successful in your studies.

(Olofu,2017).
 According to Elise Martorano (2017), Students in high school face many competing

stressors that exacerbate sleep loss. They attend school for six to seven hours a day, each hour

filled by a different class. Every single night, teachers in each one of these classes assign

homework due for the next day. Most of this homework involves extensive reading, note taking

and problem solving. Additionally, many students are pressured by their parents and their school

to take upper-level, intensive honors or Advanced Placement classes because. But they are also

time-consuming and could take up to six hours every day after school. Of course, teenagers are

also encouraged to apply for part-time jobs, which means students are potentially given four to

six hour shifts up to five days a week. There are several effects and benefits of having enough

sleep in most of us including the improvement of memory, sharpens attention level, higher

school grades and upping someone’s game if ever you are engaging yourself in an extra-

curricular activity and it boosts someone’s mood in a day. Teens' natural sleep cycle puts them in

conflict with school start times. Most high school students need an alarm clock or a parent to

wake them on school days. They are like zombies getting ready for school and find it hard to be

alert and pay attention in class. Because they are sleep deprived, they are sleepy all day and

cannot do their best. Sleep is a very important component of a person’s life, and its potential

effects should not be overlooked. There are many studies on the influence of sleepiness that

illustrated the detrimental results of losing sleep. Murphy, Richard, Masaki, and Segalowitz

(2005), studied the effects of wakefulness on test taking. The tests were given after four hours of

wakefulness as well as after 20 hours of wakefulness. They concluded that participants were less

able to recognize mistakes that were made during the tests after extended wakefulness.

It is well accepted that sleep and lifestyle habits affect academic success in students.

However, sleep patterns and sleep problems amongst dental students have been insufficiently
addressed in the literature. Unfortunately, not everyone receives adequate amounts of sleep in

order to function properly throughout the day. These poor performances as a result of poor sleep

quality and sleep deprivation is especially evident among college students. Since college students

have such busy work, school, and social schedules to keep up with, their sleep cycles become

negatively affected by it. They tend to have irregular sleep-cycles depending on the day of the

week and report dissatisfaction with sleep as a result of poor sleep quality (Gilbert & Weaver,

2010). According to experts, the amount of sleep a student receives during his or her school

years ultimately influences the outcome of each student’s academic performance (Grace Chen,

2016).

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

Students must know how to analyses the lesson and participate in their class or them to

have knowledge. They need to have reference book like textbook, dictionary as well as the e-

book but one of the problems that students face while studying is the ability to absorb the

information in their minds, especially when to have a good academic performance Study Habits

involves activities that require mental alertness, concentration, reflection and analysis. It also

requires the ability to select and organize ideas or concepts to be studied. When the topic of

study habits mentioned, the next question that is raised by those involved in the education of our

young people is whether our student’s today o possess study habits. This is because it cannot be

denied that generally, today’s students do not seem to appreciate studying their lessons the way

the idea is traditionally understood to mean a regular and consistent way of studying and

fulfilling of school related tasks both at home and in school.

 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The study focused on the effects of good study habits. Specifically, the researchers sought to

answer the following questions:

1. What is the importance of having a good study habits?

2. What is the average grade of the student during the first grading period?

3. How do you develop good study habits?

4. Why studying is important to the students?

HYPOTHESIS

According to Olofu and Ebele (2017).Procrastination can be overcome with proper study

habits and improving one'sstudy habits is the key to better studying. Being organized and having

homework routines are the most important things in helping a child/student develop good study

habits for life. There is no significant relationship between study habits and secondary schools

students’ academic.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This study is beneficial to the students, teachers, researchers, community and also the

Educational Institution. This study is to keep the students aware of their study habits and how it
affects their academic performances. This study would be beneficial to the teachers and the

Educational Institution because it could give them an idea on how to improve their students’

academic performance.

DEFINITION OF TERMS

According to the University of Arkansas System

Assignment- refers to conceptually task given by the subject teacher before the last period of the

student in the learning center in the library or at home. Education- it is the process of acquiring

knowledge, skills and attitudes that makes man do better and it is the right of an individual to

attain progress in life.( https://paperap.com/paper-on-the-effectiveness-of-study-habits/)

Effectiveness- means the capability of producing an effect. Any result of another action or

circumstance.( https://paperap.com/paper-on-the-effectiveness-of-study-habits/)

Habit- retains to an act, movement or pattern of behavior that through practice and training has

become an easy manner of behaving without hesitancy or concentration. It is the way of living

that has become learned. Habit in their totality makes up the characteristics of the individual as

he/she appears to other people.( https://paperap.com/paper-on-the-effectiveness-of-study-habits/)

Material tools- order to achieve their goals.( https://paperap.com/paper-on-the-effectiveness-of-

study-habits/)

Academic Performance- it refers to academic grades of the students for the whole semesters as

used in the study by getting all the final grades of all Secondary Student.

( https://paperap.com/paper-on-the-effectiveness-of-study-habits/)
Study Habits- pertains operationally to habits into which the students accustom themselves, this

are methods of approaches with the units of learning by ignoring abstraction, paying attention to

specific material being studied and concentrating in the learning process.

(https://paperap.com/paper-on-the-effectiveness-of-study-habits/).

Scope and Delimitations

The researchers limited the study primarily on describing the good study habits of the

students in Mariano Marcos Memorial High School. This study involved students in Academic

performance which includes the Grade 9 of Academic Year 2018-2019.

CHAPTER 2
 FOREIGN LITERATURE

These ways of behaving form an organized and integrated functional unit that determines

and limits the interaction between the personand his or her environment and establishes the

relationship of the person to the objects, events, and situations within his or her environment.

Usually the behavior can be described and explained. A person as a behavioral system tries to

achieve stability and balance by adjustments and adaptations that are successful to some degree

for efficient and effective functioning. The system is usually flexible enough to accommodate the

influences affecting it.

Therefore, it is well-explained that through little efforts on modifying a student’s habits

in studying, they can develop an organized pattern of behavior useful to their goal of becoming a

successful student who has good academic performances. This theory clearly supports this study

that study habits are relevant to academic performance. As it is said in the study of Crede and

Kuncel (2008), study habit, skill, and attitude inventories and constructs were found to rival

standardized tests and previous grades as predictors of academic performance, yielding

substantial incremental validity in predicting academic performance.

Study motivation and study skills exhibit the strongest relationships with both grade

point average and grades in individual classes. Academic specific anxiety was found to be an

important negative predictor of performance. In addition, significant variation in the validity of

specific inventories is shown. Scores on traditional study habit and attitude inventories…

According to Pogue (2000), what is true about study habits was that more than thirty years ago

still rings true today-students fail because they do not know how to study. The best advice he can

give is to develop sound study skills.

 It’s a common scene if some college students fail to finish a passing requirement for a

subject course. What is lacking is their ignorance of developing good study habits that are

necessary for good academic performance. And to worsen their ignorance are their psychological

conception of giving up so easily and the tempting distractions of the surrounding that lead them

to a zero percent possibility of creating their own ideal habits. So, it has become a major trouble

to college students who are known to be suffocated with loads of works from school. Local

Literature As recommended by Borro (2006), the good study habit should be taught by parents

first at home. The school will later on guide the students on studying their lessons. Teachers

should impart the good values of studying. People learn first at home and all the lessons that may

be welllearned or well-forgotten are just brought to school by people. In some cases, it is on how

parents mold their child during his formative years of life which is a basis for the perspective of

the person at education.

Serving as outcome of Borro’s statement, Ortinero (2000) reasoned that good study

habits lead to enhancement in learning as ability improves and sharpens through mastery of

principles and by means of training, exercise and constancy of application. Foreign Study As

stressed by Mcknight (2006), habits form through repetition. Once formed, habits are difficult to

break. And habits formed when we are young are likely to stay with us all our lives. Attaining

your ideal study habit is a long-way process. It is developed by encountering mistakes from past

styles and then using these mistakes to obtain a more correct style.

And if it becomes a part of people’s viewpoint on studying, it is very hard to break it

apart and adjust to a more favourable style. According to Palm Beach Community College

(PBBC, 2008), they recommend that student’s study should have at least three hours out of class

for every hour spent in class. They also said that a student must have a special place to study
with plenty of room to work. And students should not be cramped. They presupposes that study

time will go better if a learner take a few minutes at the start to straighten things up. A desk and

straight-backed chair is usually best. Don’t get too comfortable–a bed is a place to sleep, not to

study” as what they said. A student must have everything close at hand (book, pencils, paper,

coffee, dictionary, computer, calculator, tape recorder, etc. ) before starting to study. Students are

not suggested to spend on time jumping up and down to get things. The PBCC suggests also that

distracting noise should be minimized however they said that there are some people need sound

and some like silence. In this case, a learner must finds what works for him or her. Culprits are

family and friends. onsider a “do not disturb” sign and turning on your answering machine is the

way also to have better study habits according to the PBBC. difficult subject first, while the mind

is freshest and most receptive. According to the how-to-study. com (2009), students who are

very successful in their desired career have good study habits. It is stated in the website that

students apply these habits to all of their classes.

The website also recommends some tips in improving study habits. The website also

suggests that the student should try not to study all the subjects in just a period. The website also

added that if you try to do too much studying at one time, you will tire and your studying will not

be very effective. Space the work you have to do over shorter periods of time. Taking short

breaks will restore your mental energy. Professors in the developing countries said that the

undergraduate students should be fully equip with high level of analytical skills, the capacity for

critical reasoning, self-reflection and conceptual grasp and ability to learn autonomously and

exercise flexibility of mind (Simmons 2003).

Study habits are said to be improving because of the advent and wide use of the Internet,

hypertext, and multimedia resources which greatly affects the Study Habits (Liu, 2005). Karim
and Hassan (2006) also note the exponential growth digital information, which changes the way

students perceive studying and with printed materials that are to be use in facilitating study. Liu

(2005) and Ramirez (2003) report that students print material from the Internet in order to study

and read later on. Igun (2005) also found that Nigerians study from materials downloaded from

the Internet.

LOCAL LITERATURE

Access to information is crucial to individual advancement as well as corporate

educational development. Information is indispensable, and, according to Yusuf (2007), bridges

the gap between knowledge and ignorance. One of the major avenues for acquiring information

is reading. Reading is the foundation upon which other academic skills are built. It offers a

productive approach to improving vocabulary, word power, and language skills. Tella and

Akande (2007) assert that the ability to read is at the heart of self-education and lifelong learning

and that it is an art capable of transforming life and society. Yani (2003) posits that reading

habits of Nigerians are a matter of concern in our educational and national development, stating

further that in a developing country like Nigeria, the concept of reading habits should not be

relegated to the background. Nweke (1990) states that it has a real role to play in development of

the individual. Sangaeo (1999) observes that a reading habit must be promoted from an early

age. This view is supported by Yusuf (2007), who says that that children imbibe good character

during their formative years. The most important factor in student learning in schools is the

quality of teaching. Teachers are the chief drivers of the education engine. They design the

curriculum and the behavioral goals that are its products (Olajide, 2008). Since education

involves interaction between learners, learning materials, and teachers, teachers must be avid

readers themselves in order to ignite a lifelong reading habit in their students. Students should be
motivated to read and know how to use reading materials to improve themselves and their social

environment. Trelease (2006) observes that teachers are seldom seen reading. A good teacher

must have a broad information base and should not depend on their lesson notes, which cannot

contain all the information on a given topic. Teachers should provide reading lists to accompany

what is done in class and give assignments that will prompt students to research in the school or

public library.

FOREIGN STUDIES

According to Hongnee (2005),found that study habits had highly significant relationship

with students grade.Thus, this study may help the students to work on their grades highly than

before.

Based on Lalitha (2006), describes that studying is essentially hardwork and concludes

that studets who are not prepared to make appropriate effort are wasting their time.Time

management is a skill few people master, but it is one that most people need.Thus, most of the

students needs a lot of time and effort to emphasize their work

(http://www.academia.edu/23740790/Thesis_Foreign_Studies).

Moreover, Seebach (2006),suggests a study break (not ralaxation break) after every 15 to

20 minutes in which to recall what has been studied.Sometime spent on rest and relaxation mat

actually save time in the long-run.Thus,it may help the brain to function more clearly.

(http://www.academia.edu/23740790/Thesis_Foreign_Studies)

Labine (2008),said that breaks are an important part of study and students should show

them on the time table.Moreover,students need to be guided for developing good study habits

and adequate preparation to sit in the examination (Kochhar,2008).Thus, in school and

home,you'll need a lot of patience in making your work.

(http://www.academia.edu/23740790/Thesis_Foreign_Studies)

In the study of Onwvegbuzie (2009), we also conducted a series of studies to find out

relationship between study habits and academic success and reported positive relationship

between good study habits and academics success.

(http://www.academia.edu/23740790/Thesis_Foreign_Studies)

Rosete (2010), said that academic performance had high significant relationship with

study habits among students.Its very necessary for their cognitive development. It further implies

that study habits are potential factors that influence the academic perfornace of students.

(http://www.academia.edu/23740790/Thesis_Foreign_Studies)

LOCAL STUDIES

A study entitled, "Effects of Good Study Habits in Mariano Marcos Memorial High

School during the Academic Year 2018-2019" showed that is, when students develop and utilize

good study habits, they tend to perform better compared with students who study without plan or

with bad study habits. Showed that there is significant relationship between study habits and

students' academic performance. Utimately successful in their degree programs. Thus, showed

that alot of students were unable to get a good study habits cause a lack of performance in class.

(https://www.google.com/url?

sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1143649.pdf&ved=2ahUKEwia

hJ7XmrDgAhVWUd4KHRPWB1MQFjABegQIDhAE&usg=AOvVaw0pAtC1pLn8metvW3Jl1

fgX&cshid=1549769172757)
 According to Sirohi (2005), there are many factors responsible for academic failure of

students like motivation, study habits, attitude towards the teacher, attitude towards the subjects,

school and home background, concentration, mental conflicts, level of aspiration, self!

confidence, examination, fear, etc. found in his study of achievement in relation to study habits

and attitudes that the most significant factor contributing to low achievement is poor study habits

which have been indicated by most of his respondents in the study. Sirohi concluded that 98.7%

of underachievers tend to possess unfavorable attitude towards the teacher and 100% have poor

study habits.

(http://www.academia.edu/23740790/Thesis_Foreign_Studies)

According to Smith and Littlefield (2008), poor study habits not only retard school

progress but develop frustration, destroy initiative and confidence, the feeling of worthlessness

towards himself, where as effective methods ensure success, happiness and sense of

accomplishment.

(http://www.academia.edu/23740790/Thesis_Foreign_Studies)

According to Alvares (2017). Some students say that studying hard is tiring the brains but

the truth is that learning never exhausts the minxd. Living a life without gaining new knowledge

is like eating without getting nutrients. Hence, it is better to practice good study habits.
MARIANO MARCOS MEMORIAL HIGH SCHOOL

2090 Dr. Carreon St. Sta. Ana, Manila

 The Effects
of
Good Study Habits

Submitted by:

Maria Anjanette M. Cadondon

9-3

Submitted to:

Ms. Jasmin R. Rosimo

March 15, 2019

FINAL REFLECTION

This year, I had a mix of emotions.We learned a lot.We learned how to be a better
writers,readers and thinkers.This year was the very challeging for me,but I feel that I improved
a lot on those three skills.

Usually writing is not my specialty;I have difficult time getting my ideas down on paper.I
improved the most on this skill in that essay;I used one of my favorite poems from William
Shakespeare.In class we didn't just have to write long and sophisticated essays,we also got to
explore our creative side when we did our redactive poems.As a reader,I felt that I improved a
lot on my comprehension.Knowing how to annotate the text helped me big time!Even though it
was time consuming,it helped me identify characters,setting,plot, and theme of the novel.

This year we had many tough,and challeging quizzes and tests.Ms. Rosimo really test our
understanding of vocabulary,literatures terms,or a novel.I was used to only having multiple-
choice quizzes and not short answer that really made me think and make references.This
helped me as a thinker because,it allowed myself to think more in depth and understand things
better.

All this skills that I learned this year in grade ninth English will help me next year.I will
carry this skills over so I can always be successful.

THIRD REFLECTION

Through the third quarter we have learned and written more about shakespeare than i ever
have in the past.Shakespeare can get very boring at times but I stayed focused the entire
quarter and it helped me understand and more easily evaluate texts.

My greatest accomplishment this quarter is my writing.Since we have learned so much

about Shakespeare,we often wrote,analyzed, or discussed the texts;all three of which helped
improve my wrting. Then as well we had a reading assignment where we needed to involve
different mindsets and abilities. I chose to interview people and in my book, through an
informative essay.Looking back,I can tell there were some major gaps in my writing, and there
still is, however compared to the beginning of the year.

Otherwise I hope my success in the third quarter carries over into the fourth quarter do
I can finish the year off strong.

SECOND GRADING REFLECTION

Second grading period,I'm proud to tell you that I successfully did well this time.My
performances,I become more responsible this time and i've learned many things.For example in
poems,I really enjoyed our topic about the speech compares the world to a stage and life to a
play andcatalogous the seven stages of a man's life; infant, schoolboy, lover, soldier, justice,
pantalone, and old age, facing imminent death.
 I gained a little confidence because of our some activities that require us to perform in
front of the whole class.In the ther hand,even though i'd imroved my performances,I still or
should I say we still encountered many problems, specifically our group performance and it is
very stressful to have them at the same, all our projects.I really did my best in helping and
contributing in our group performances,we all did our part and responsibilities and we
sacrificed a big part of our time just to finifh everything on time.

Moving on I will continue and maintain my goog study habit for the next grading
periods.