Appendix-WEEK 1-2

UNIVERSITY OF CAGAYAN VALLEY
Tuguegarao City, Cagayan Valley, Philippines
APPENDIX A
Learning Activity Sheet
/
Name: Score/Mark:
Year and Section: Date:
Type of Activity o Concept Notes o Laboratory Report

o Essay/Task Report o Skills: Exercise/Drill
Illustration Other:
o o
Activity Title Types of Drawing
1. LO1.1 Discuss the types of drawing.

2. LO1.2 Explain the purpose and apply general arrangement drawing.
Learning Outcome(s) 3. LO1.3 List the standard/routine information and references commonly given
on drawings.
4. LO1.4 Explain the purpose and apply assembly drawing.
3/E HENRY O. PENETRANTE / DRAW

Authors/References (Maritime Drawing and Diagrams)
With a duration of six (6) hours under week number 1 to week 2, the following tasks should
be completed by the students:
Learning Activity 1. read and comprehend the lessons provided in the course module
2. accomplish examinations provided in the course module
3. submit the output in the end of second week.
LESSON MAP
TYPES OF
DRAWING
Collective
Assembly Assembly Component Pictorial
Single Part
Drawing Drawing Drawing Drawing
Drawing
APPENDIX A
X. LIST OF STUDENT ACTIVITIES
ACTIVITY 1 : Read and Comprehend.
LO1.1: Types of Drawing:

- General Arrangement Drawing
Procedure for Designing A Ship’s General Arrangement

When a new ship is designed, one of the primary steps involved in the development of the
concept, is designing its General Arrangement and allocating proper spaces according to the
requirements of the owner and functionality of the ship. It is up to the naval architect to decide
on the ship’s general arrangement, depending on many design constraints that are mentioned in
the technical specifications of the contract.
So how exactly do you decide on a ship’s general arrangement, and design the most optimum
one for that particular project?
Since almost all ships have something unique in their general arrangement, there is no specific
procedure with rules stated for the same. But in spite of that, a naval architect needs to know the
basic procedure to follow in order to come down to an optimum design. In this article, we shall
discuss a general procedure that is followed in the ship designing industry.
Initially, in order to have a visual approximation of the ship dimensions, draw an outline of the
profile view, main deck or uppermost deck that contributes to longitudinal strength, and the
forecastle deck. In some ships, the upper deck is stepped, i.e. it has a poop deck at the aft. Make
sure you show that in the profile view and the deck outline view.
APPENDIX A
Figure 1: Profile view of a 500 Pax ship
Figure 2: Main deck and Boat deck plan

The reasons behind deciding the particulars (Especially height) of the forecastle deck at this
stage are as follows:
 Minimum bow height has to be attained (according to ILLC Regulations) in order to

reduce the deck wetness
 To provide forecastle deck area for anchoring and mooring equipment
 Adequate volume underneath for storage and chain locker, etc.
 To provide additional cargo space (in lower decks) in case of certain ships
After having drawn the profile plan, the first thing a designer should do is decide on the framing
and frame spacing of the ship. The framing, whether longitudinal or transverse is decided on the
basis of the length of the vessel. Generally, all ships longer than 120 m are longitudinally
strengthened.
Figure 3: Notice how the frame spacing is shown in the drawing

The frame spacing is then calculated by the formula specified in the rule book of the authorised
classification society. The value obtained from the formula is generally rounded off to the
nearest hundreds or fifties, so as to attain ease of production and design.
APPENDIX A
Next is to mark the decided frame spacing of the drawing. This frame spacing will now act as
scale on the drawing, helping you to locate every point on the ship.
You must now divide the ship into certain number of watertight compartments, which is decided
by the subdivision rules prescribed by the classification society. The rules specify the total
number of watertight transverse bulkheads that are necessary to maintain watertight integrity of
the ship. A ship generally has four types of transverse bulkheads:
 A fore peak collision bulkhead

 An aft-peak bulkhead
 A bulkhead at each end of machinery space
 Transverse bulkheads in cargo hold regions
Once the number of bulkheads have been decided, the length and number of holds should be
planned accordingly. The ordinary transverse watertight bulkheads in the holds should be spaced
at reasonably uniform intervals. Where non-uniform spacing is unavoidable and the length of a
hold is unusually large, the transverse strength of the ship is to be maintained by providing
additional web frames, increased framing etc.
In some cases, the decided number of bulkheads may interfere with the functionality of the ship
or the specific requirements of that particular type of trade. Proposals to dispense with one or
more transverse bulkheads in such cases can be considered by the classification society, provided
it does affect the watertight integrity of the ship.
How to decide the position of the fore peak collision bulkhead?
 The distance of the forepeak collision bulkhead from the forward perpendicular is
decided based on formulae prescribed by the authorised classification society. Generally,
the class society would provide you with two formulae. One, to specify the minimum
distance of the forepeak bulkhead aft of the forward perpendicular. Other, to specify the
maximum distance of the forepeak bulkhead aft of the forward perpendicular
 It is up to you, as a designer, to provide the forepeak collision bulkheads within the above
limits, depending on the dimensions of the forepeak ballast tank, anchor equipment, and
chain locker dimensions
How to decide the position of the fore peak collision bulkhead?

The following considerations are taken during deciding the position of the aft peak bulkhead or
the engine room aft bulkhead. First, the position of the engine room forward bulkhead is fixed
according the position and length of the holds. Once that is done, about four frame spaces need
to be left out before placing the main engine aft of the engine room forward bulkhead. That is to
leave space for maintenance and crew operations.
APPENDIX A
Aft of the empty space, the length of the engine room is to be decided depending upon the length
of the main engine, and the length of the intermediate shaft. Now, the intermediate shaft is
coupled with the propeller shaft by a flanged connection. The coupling flange between the
intermediate shaft and the propeller shaft is to be housed within the engine room itself. It is just
aft of the coupling flange that the engine room aft bulkhead is positioned.
The propeller shaft runs from aft of the engine room bulkhead connecting to the propeller
through the stern tube.
In many cases, the position of the engine rom aft bulkhead is also governed by the decided
capacity of the aft peak ballast tank, which is always aft of the aft peak bulkhead. The capacity of
the tank is estimated by trim and stability calculations, which is a very preliminary stage of
design. But the engine and shaft lengths are decided at a comparatively later stage. This should
give you an idea of how iterative the ship design process is.
Figure 4: Aft peak bulkhead position

APPENDIX A
How to arrange the cargo spaces?

The entire cargo space needs to be divided into cargo holds by placing the specified number of
transverse watertight bulkheads. The longitudinal position of the bulkheads may be decided
according to a few principles of cargo requirement:
 Holds should be kept of equal lengths wherever possible
 In some cases where necessary, alternate large and small holds are designed to meet the
cargo requirements for different voyage and cargo conditions. This is normally done for
bulk carriers, product tankers, and container ships
 Sometimes, a single large cargo hold (for large multipurpose carriers)
In cases of oil tankers and container ships, decisions on longitudinal bulkheads are to be taken,
with respect to prevention of free surface effect, ensure proper cargo distribution and handling
characteristics.
In case of bulk carriers, the slope of the tank top sloping bulkhead is to be taken care of. The tank
slope must be more than the angle of repose of the cargo, which is generally around 30 degrees.
The slope of the bottom tank is generally maintained at 45 degrees.
In a general arrangement, the double bottom height needs to be shown clearly, so as to ensure
proper estimation and representation of the tank plan. Therefore the designer is required to
estimate the height of the double bottom using the corresponding formula specified in the rules
of the authorised class society.
Decide on the height of the tween decks. Ships that carry packed cargo and cars, require more
deck space to attain maximum stowage capacity. In order to increase the overall deck area, these
ships are provided with a number of tween decks. The height of each tween deck should be
sufficient to accommodate the cargo that is to be stowed on it.
This consideration of tween deck is however not required for volume based cargo carrier, like oil
tankers, chemical carriers and bulk carriers. And in case of container ships, the top of each
container serves as the floor for the next container to be stowed above it, hence container ships
do not require tween decks for cargo stowage.
After having decided on the capacities and sizes of the cargo holds, the size of hatch openings
and hatch covers.
Ballast Tank Capacities and Tank Plan Design

Ballast water is required for empty voyage to have proper sinkage, trim and stability.
Excessive ballast capacity is bad since it is expensive and takes up useful space. Ballast capacity
should be such that full propeller immersion is obtained at the aft end and forward draught is not
too low to avoid the harmful effects of slamming.
Approximately in a ballast voyage, displacement is 0.5 of fully loaded displacement which is
about 0.55 of full draught. Ballast distribution should be such that excessive hogging moment is
avoided in this condition. So a designer should always ensure to segregate the ballast water tank
from any other liquid tank.
APPENDIX A
Figure 5: Tank top plan and Tank plan

There are a few other points that a designer must consider while making tank arrangements for
ships:
 No access is required except for cleaning and maintenance. Minimum two manholes are
to be provided on top, and preferably at the diagonal corners of the tanks so that they are
maximum distance from each other
 Tanks and pipes carrying a particular type of liquid must be segregated from those
carrying another type of liquid. They should also be colour coded differently
 Fresh water tank should not have any tank adjacent to itself. So a fresh water tank and
any other tank must be separated by a cofferdam. For the same reason, FW tanks cannot be
placed below the load waterline
 Since total liquid carried is relatively low, the tanks may conveniently be situated in the
lower portions to increase transverse stability of the ship
 To simplify piping arrangements, and the total length of piping, fresh water tanks should
be near the engine room, as well as accommodation. Dirty oil and heavy fuel oil tanks
should be near the engine room. Dirty oil and sludge tanks can be conveniently located in
the double bottom of the engine room
 W. tanks should be well distributed all over the length and breadth of ship to help the ship
attain its stability and trim requirements. Pipes should not run inside tanks carrying another
liquid, i.e. fuel oil pipe should not run through any ballast water tank
 Consumable tanks (Heavy Fuel Oil, Dirty Oil, and Fresh Water) should be so located that
their consumption does not cause unnecessary adverse trim. They should not cause unduly
adverse free surface effects. So these tanks should be divided into smaller tanks with
reduced breath. Too many small tanks, however, will make complicated piping system
 W. tanks are either fully pressed or empty ballast water tanks should be distributed all
over the length of ship with sufficient capacity in the peak tanks to adjust for the required
trim and stability
 Tanks should be distributed symmetrically about centreline of the ship, so that adverse
heel effects are not felt. If there is any such effect (damage stability) cross-connection
between port and starboard tanks may be provided
 The boundaries of double bottom tanks, deep tanks etc. should be designed to withstand
the applied hydrostatic pressure
APPENDIX A
 The tank distribution should not adversely affect the longitudinal strength of hull girder
Lastly, it is important to understand and know, that a general arrangement of any ship will
consist of the drawings of the following views:
 Profile View (generally looking from starboard side)

 Midship sections (looking from aft, and looking from forward)
 Main deck plan (also shows the accommodation layout)
 Navigation deck plan.
 Forecastle deck plan
 Tank top plan
 Tank plan
It should also be noted that a the process of developing the general arrangement drawing is
slightly different for various design firms, depending on their procedures and practices, however
the underlying principle always remains the same. It is an iterative process, and the final GA is a
arrived at, after repeated approvals by the classification society and the owners party.
The following are examples of General Arrangement Drawing (GAD):

APPENDIX A
APPENDIX A
ACTIVITY 1 : Read and Comprehend. (continuation)

- Assembly Drawing
https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Assembly_drawing#:~:text=04%20Feb%202019-,Assembly
%20drawing,of%20more%20than%20one%20component.&text=Assembly%20drawings%20may
%20include%20instructions,shop%20drawings%2C%20and%20specification%20information .
Assembly drawings can be used to represent items that consist of more than one component.
They show how the components fit together and may include, orthogonal
plans, sections and elevations, or three-dimensional views, showing the assembled components,
or an exploded view showing the relationship between the components and how they fit together.
They may be used to show how to assemble parts of a kit such as furniture, how to assemble a
complex part of a building (an assembly), or to show the relationship between a number
of details.
The location of assemblies may be shown on general arrangement drawings, or sometimes

on detail drawings. The components that form the assembly may be shown shop drawings that
allow their fabrication.
Assembly drawings may include instructions, lists of the component parts, reference numbers,

references to detail drawings or shop drawings, and specification information. However, they
should not duplicate information provided elsewhere, as this can become contradictory and may
cause confusion. They may also include dimensions, notation and symbols. It is important that
APPENDIX A
these are consistent with industry standards so that their precise meaning is clear and can be
understood.
Assembly drawings may be referred to as:
 General assembly drawings, showing an overall assembly.

 Outline assembly drawings, showing the exterior shape.
 Diagrammatic assembly drawings, representing the assembly with the use of symbols.
 Unit assembly or sub-assembly drawings, showing in more detail a part of the
overall assembly.
 Fitted assembly drawings, showing the completed assembly.
 Exploded assembly drawing, showing the relationship between the separated parts.
The scale at which drawings are prepared should reflect the level of detail of

the information they are required to convey. Different line thicknesses can be used to provide
greater clarity for certain elements.
Assembly drawings may be drawn to scale by hand, or prepared using Computer Aided

Design (CAD) software. However, increasingly, building information modelling (BIM) is being
used to create 3 dimensional representations of buildings and their components.
BS EN ISO 7519:1997 Technical drawings. Construction drawings. General principles of

presentation for general arrangement and assembly drawings establishes general principles of
presentation to be applied to construction drawings for general arrangement and assembly.
This standard compliments the ISO 128 series on technical drawings.
The following are examples of General Arrangement Drawing (GAD):

APPENDIX A
APPENDIX A

- Component Drawing and/or Collective single part (detailed drawing/mechanical drawing)
https://www.slideshare.net/purushothamh/engineering-drawing-51166191
.’
APPENDIX A
APPENDIX A
APPENDIX A
APPENDIX A
APPENDIX A
APPENDIX A
APPENDIX A

- Pictorial drawing
https://www.tasstudent.com/pictorial-drawing/
https://youtu.be/RpLJT_SHqpU
A Pictorial drawing provides a 3D image to help understand the shape of an object or to assist
in interpreting a drawing. There are 3 main ways to draw a pictorial drawing,
1. Isometric, 2. Oblique, 3. Perspective.
(Other methods of Pictorial drawings include dimetric drawing, trimetric drawing)
1. Isometric drawing
Definition – An Isometric drawing is a pictorial representation of an object in which all three

dimensions are drawn at full scale. The term isometric means “equal measurement”.
Isometric steps
Isometric drawing is the most commonly used method of pictorial drawing. Isometric drawings
are built on three lines, called isometric axes. One is drawn vertically and the other two with the
30° set square either side of it. An Isometric drawing is a way of presenting designs in three
dimensions (3D). They can be completed using the 30/60 set square or freehand. An Isometric
drawing is one of a family of three-dimensional views called pictorial drawings. In an isometric
drawing, the object’s vertical lines are drawn vertically, and the horizontal lines in the width and
depth planes are shown at 30 degrees to the horizontal. The true dimension of the object is used
to construct the drawing. These dimensions can be taken from either drawings completed in
orthographic or by measuring an object. Isometric drawings or images have become the industry
standard for parts manuals, technical proposals, patent illustrations and maintenance publications
due to their use of true length and the ability for untrained people to understand. An isometric
projection results if the plane is oriented so that it makes equal angles with the three principal
planes of the object. The representation of the object seen below is an isometric drawing of a
cube.
APPENDIX A
Isometric Cube
In this drawing the three visible faces appear as equilateral parallelograms; that is, while all of
the parallel edges of the cube are projected as parallel lines, the horizontal edges are drawn at an
angle (usually 30°) from the normal horizontal axes, and the vertical edges, which are parallel to
the principal axes, appear in their true proportions.
2. Oblique projection
Oblique projection is probably the simplest method of producing a pictorial drawing because
surfaces are directly in front of the viewer will look very similar to the front view in an
orthogonal drawing. It is a method of drawing objects in 3 dimensions and may be drawn at any
angle although 45⁰ is generally used. It is quite a simple technique compared to isometric or
even perspective drawing. However, to draw accurately in oblique projection traditional drawing
equipment is needed. Oblique projections illustrate the general 3 dimensional shape of the object.
However only faces of the object parallel to the plane of projection are shown at there true size
and shape. In fact, the oblique projection of these faces is the same as an orthographic front view.
Cavalier and Cabinet Projection
Diagram 1.1 (a) Cavalier (b) Cabinet

There are two specific forms of Oblique drawings. (Diagram 1.1) These
are Cavalier and Cabinet projection. The difference between the two is how the depth of the
object is represented. A cavalier projection is obtained when the angle between oblique
projectors and the plane of projection is 45⁰ and the rear projections are true to size. The
resulting figure appears too thick and distorted. A cabinet projection is used to correct this
deficiency. Cabinet projection is an oblique projection where the length of the lines projecting
APPENDIX A
backwards are halved. Diagram 1.1 shows a drawing of a cube. Diagram (a) has been drawn in
Cavalier and diagram (b) is in Cabinet.
Perspective drawings
A Perspective drawing is one of the best types of drawings to use to provide a pictorial
representation of an object. They produce an image of an object in three dimensions that is very
similar to what the human eye sees. Perspective drawings can be in one point, two point or three
point perspective. One of the most common uses of perspective drawing is in architecture, where
it is used to provide a client, or the public, an image that gives a good representation of how the
project will look when it is built. One point perspective is often used to represent a room on
paper. As well as architecture, perspective drawing is often used in the furniture industry to show
clients the final appearance of a piece of furniture they might commission. (Further information
on Perspective Drawing)
Axonometric and Planometric drawing
A method of projection in which a three-dimensional object is represented by a drawing having

all axes drawn to exact scale, resulting in the optical distortion of diagonals and curves.
Axonometric (45 degree angle) or planometric (60/30 degree angles) as it is sometimes known is
a method of drawing a plan view with a third dimension. It is used by interior designers,
architects and landscape gardeners. Axonometric works by drawing a plan view at a 45 degree
angle with the depth added vertically. All lengths are drawn as their true lengths unlike when you
use oblique. This gives the impression that you are viewing the objects from above. One
advantage of axonometric is that circles drawn on the top faces of objects can be drawn as a
normal Isometric and Axonometric Projections are fairly simple ways to approach 3D drawing.
These can be used for sketches or to draw to a predetermined scale. If a scale is used, every part
of the drawing can be measured with accuracy. Unlike perspective drawing, lines in Isometric or
Axonometric drawings do not converge. In fact they only go in 3 different directions. Vertical
and 30 degrees left and right in Isometric Projections, vertical and 45 degrees left and right in
Axonometric projections. Often, Axonometric projections may appear to be distorted but they
are very useful to show as much as possible of, for example, the inside of a room.
The same scale is used on all three axes.

APPENDIX A
ACTIVITY 2 : For LO1.1: In essay form, expound the importance of engineering drawing and discuss
the purpose of each type of drawing. (place it on short bond papers in written form)
ACTIVITY 3 : For LO1.2 Apply general arrangement drawing. Draw a typical Tanker Vessel (detailed
drawing/mechanical drawing) showing the arrangement of fuel tanks, port and starboard wing tanks,
center tanks, stores and spaces in side view and top view. (use a 280mm X 430mm / 28cm X 43cm
drawing paper/plain white pre-cut cartolina)
Note: Detailed Drawing / Mechanical Drawing means a “drawing” furnished with the aid of
drawing tools such as rulers, triangles, protractors, etc..
ACTIVITY 4 : For LO1.3: Based from the learnings gained from LO1.1 and LO1.2, list the standard
information and references commonly given/found on engineering drawings. (place it on short bond
papers in written form)
ACTIVITY 5 : For LO1.4 Apply Assembly Drawing. Draw a typical Centrifugal Pump (detailed
drawing/mechanical drawing) showing the complete assembly such as stuffing box, gland, impeller,
housing, shaft, etc. (use a 280mm X 430mm / 28cm X 43cm drawing paper/plain white pre-cut
cartolina)
drawing tools such as rulers, triangles, protractors, etc.
APPENDIX A
XI. FORMATIVE AND OUTCOME ASSESSMENT
ACTIVITY 2 : For LO1.1: In essay form, expound the importance of engineering drawing and discuss
the purpose of each type of drawing. (place it on short bond papers in written form)
Activity 2 Grading Rubric:
INSTRUCTIONS: The Instructor could choose the points which he/she deemed as the right
score for each item from zero (0), fifteen (15), twenty (20) or twenty-five (25). The total score
will be provided by the Instructor and should reflect in the column provided.
ALLOTED OBTAINED
CRITERIA REMARKS/COMMENTS
POINTS POINTS
Timeliness 20
Completeness
25
of Information
Extensiveness
25
of Information
Orderliness 15
Neatness 15
TOTAL 100
ACTIVITY 3 : For LO1.2: Apply general arrangement drawing. Draw a typical Tanker Vessel (detailed
drawing/mechanical drawing) showing the arrangement of fuel tanks, port and starboard wing tanks,
center tanks, stores and spaces in side view and top view. (use a 280mm X 430mm / 28cm X 43cm
drawing paper/plain white pre-cut cartolina).
ALLOTED OBTAINED
POINTS POINTS
Timeliness 20
Technicality
25
and Effort
Work Quality 25
Completeness
15
of Information
Neatness 15
APPENDIX A
TOTAL 100
ACTIVITY 4 : For LO1.3: Based from the learnings gained from LO1.1 and LO1.2, list the standard
information and references commonly given/found on engineering drawings. (place it on short bond
papers in written form)
ALLOTED OBTAINED
POINTS POINTS
Timeliness 20
Completeness
25
of Information
Extensiveness
25
of Information
Orderliness 15
Neatness 15
TOTAL 100
ACTIVITY 5 : For LO1.4: Apply Assembly Drawing. Draw a typical Centrifugal (detailed
drawing/mechanical drawing) showing the complete assembly such as stuffing box, gland, impeller,
housing, shaft, etc. (use a 280mm X 430mm / 28cm X 43cm drawing paper/plain white pre-cut
cartolina)
drawing tools such as rulers, triangles, protractors, etc.
ALLOTED OBTAINED
POINTS POINTS
Timeliness 20
Technicality
25
and Effort
Work Quality 25
Completeness
15
of Information
APPENDIX A
Neatness 15
TOTAL 100
XII. Student’s Reflection: In not more than fifty (50), and not lesser than thirty (30) words, state what new
knowledges were obtained from the previous activities. Mention portions that triggered your interest and
what plans came to your mind to somehow improve what you have learned. This will be graded as your
recitation using the grading rubric below:
ALLOTED OBTAINED
POINTS POINTS
Timeliness 20
Completeness
25
of Information
Extensiveness
25
of Information
Orderliness 15
Neatness 15
TOTAL 100
APPENDIX A
Student’s Reflection:

Appendix-WEEK 1-2

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Appendix-WEEK 1-2

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

UNIVERSITY OF CAGAYAN VALLEY

Tuguegarao City, Cagayan Valley, Philippines

Year and Section: Date:

Type of Activity o Concept Notes o Laboratory Report

Activity Title Types of Drawing

1. LO1.1 Discuss the types of drawing.

3/E HENRY O. PENETRANTE / DRAW

X. LIST OF STUDENT ACTIVITIES

ACTIVITY 1 : Read and Comprehend.

LO1.1: Types of Drawing:

Procedure for Designing A Ship’s General Arrangement

Figure 1: Profile view of a 500 Pax ship

Figure 2: Main deck and Boat deck plan

 Minimum bow height has to be attained (according to ILLC Regulations) in order to

Figure 3: Notice how the frame spacing is shown in the drawing

 A fore peak collision bulkhead

How to decide the position of the fore peak collision bulkhead?

How to decide the position of the fore peak collision bulkhead?

Figure 4: Aft peak bulkhead position

How to arrange the cargo spaces?

 Holds should be kept of equal lengths wherever possible

Ballast Tank Capacities and Tank Plan Design

Figure 5: Tank top plan and Tank plan

 Profile View (generally looking from starboard side)

The following are examples of General Arrangement Drawing (GAD):

ACTIVITY 1 : Read and Comprehend. (continuation)

LO1.1: Types of Drawing:

The location of assemblies may be shown on general arrangement drawings, or sometimes

Assembly drawings may include instructions, lists of the component parts, reference numbers,

Assembly drawings may be referred to as:

 General assembly drawings, showing an overall assembly.

The scale at which drawings are prepared should reflect the level of detail of

Assembly drawings may be drawn to scale by hand, or prepared using Computer Aided

BS EN ISO 7519:1997 Technical drawings. Construction drawings. General principles of

The following are examples of General Arrangement Drawing (GAD):

ACTIVITY 1 : Read and Comprehend. (continuation)

LO1.1: Types of Drawing:

ACTIVITY 1 : Read and Comprehend. (continuation)

LO1.1: Types of Drawing:

1. Isometric, 2. Oblique, 3. Perspective.

(Other methods of Pictorial drawings include dimetric drawing, trimetric drawing)

Definition – An Isometric drawing is a pictorial representation of an object in which all three

Cavalier and Cabinet Projection

Diagram 1.1 (a) Cavalier (b) Cabinet

Axonometric and Planometric drawing

A method of projection in which a three-dimensional object is represented by a drawing having

The same scale is used on all three axes.

XI. FORMATIVE AND OUTCOME ASSESSMENT

Activity 2 Grading Rubric:

Activity 3 Grading Rubric:

Activity 4 Grading Rubric:

Activity 5 Grading Rubric:

You might also like