AGARICUS BISPORUS OYSTERS

Agaricus bisporus can be grown on standard compost based on wheat straw and
horse manure, as well as other agricultural waste (Colak 2004;Carrasco et al. 2018).
Peat, sand, peat and lime (1:1:1); farm yard manure and soil (1:1); tea production
waste mixed with peat; and protein-rich supplements (soybean, black beans and
cowpeas) can be used as a casing layer (Gülser and Peks¸enPeks¸en 2003;Coello-
Castillo et al. 2009;Gupta et al. 2018) Agaricus bisporus can also be cultivated using
autoclaved non-composted substrates (Till 1962;Colmenares-Cruz et al. 2017). ...

Corn cob cultivation technique of oyster mushroom!

Corn cob flour: Corn cob cultivation technique of Pleurotus ostreatus. In recent years,
with the rise of cotton hull prices, more and more mushroom farmers use corn cob to
grow Pleurotus ostreatus. Because corn cob is rich in protein and polysaccharides. A
variety of trace elements and cellulose are good raw materials for oyster mushroom
cultivation. It can take materials locally, has low cost, and turns waste into treasure.
I. Formula
1. Corn cob (new corn shaft is crushed into soybeans) 88%, plant ash 1%, gypsum
powder 1%, lime powder 1%, new wheat bran 8%, phosphate fertilizer 1%.
2. Corncob 97%, gypsum powder 2%, phosphate fertilizer 1%.
3. 87% corn cob, 10% broadleaf sawdust, 1% gypsum powder, 1% lime powder, and
1% phosphate fertilizer.
Second, the timing of cultivation
The general low-temperature type 2028,2027 and other Pleurotus ostreatus strains were
produced in July. The original seed is produced in August. September to October system
cultivar. Large-scale production of fungus sticks from November to December will be
listed around the Spring Festival.
Three,Building a pile of fermented corn cob
The corn cob and other raw materials are mixed according to the ratio to make the
water content reach 60%, the pH value is 5.5 to 6.5, and the pile is generally 1.5 to 1.8
meters wide and 1 to 1.5 meters high. The pile length depends on the terrain. Sacks or
straw curtains. After the pile is built, 2 meters long and 5 cm diameter smooth wooden
sticks are used for oxygenation. The depth of the holes is 1 to 1.5 meters and the distance
between the holes is 30 to 40 cm. The materials are covered with wet linen or straw
curtains. The temperature of the material was raised to 60 ° C and maintained for 18
hours, and the fermented material was poured into the middle and the outside was
poured inside, and the management was continued according to the first fermentation
method. Fermented qualified materials, non-sticky, dark brown, sweet and fragrant.
Four, bagging and inoculation
Pleurotus ostreatus cultivated in the greenhouse should choose low-temperature
varieties. The strain should be densely hyphae, white and stout, no plaque, and no
antagonistic line. It has the odor of Pleurotus ostreatus before opening the bag, and no
primordium of Pleurotus ostreatus.
The fungus age is not more than 60 days. The cultivation bag should choose low pressure
polyene plastic tube with high strength and good flexibility at low temperature. The
length is 20 ~ 45 cm and the width is 22 cm. Tie one end with a nylon rope.
Spread a layer of sterilized Pleurotus ostreatus on one end of the bag. Fill the Pleurotus
ostreatus with 1/3 of corncob fermentation material below 20 ° C, and then fill the
Pleurotus ostreatus with a little pressure. Actually, pack it to 8-10 cm away from the
mouth of the bag, and spread the mushroom pieces. The standard: about 1 kg of dry
material in the bag, the amount of bacteria used is about 15%, three layers, four layers
of bacteria, and the bag is moderately tight.
Using a straight straight stick with a diameter of 0.8 cm and a length of 80 cm, it can
penetrate the cultivation bag through the inoculation area. (www.nczfj.com) is beneficial
to aeration, and in turn bagging. If the bag is found to be broken, it should be sealed
with adhesive tape in time to prevent the invasion of airborne bacteria and cause stick
pollution.
V. Management of Mycelium Growth Stages
Cultivation rods are placed in the greenhouse in advance to be sterilized and disinfected
with edible fungus special medicines that meet national standards. And spread a small
amount of white and gray stacks of bacteria on the ground, placed in two rows, row and
row 50 cm sidewalk, the stack height is not more than 10 layers. Generally how much
palletizing depends on the temperature. The purpose is to rely on the temperature of the
culture material in the bag to promote the growth of mycelium in the material. Shed
temperature should be controlled at 18 ~ 20 ℃.
The concrete temperature does not exceed 22 ℃, and the relative humidity of the space
is 55% ~ 60%. When the mycelium grows 3 to 4 cm, it should be inverted in time. When
the stacking temperature is 26 ℃, the bacterial sticks should be evacuated, and the
stacking is in the shape of a well, so as to ventilate and cool down and prevent high-
temperature burning bacteria. Temperature rise and fall measures: Cover the straw
curtains and ventilate the air to control the temperature, and the humidity should not
exceed 60%, otherwise prone to germ contamination.
In the germination stage, the stacking temperature should be strictly prevented from 36
~ 45 ℃. When the temperature is low, the management is unreasonable and the high
temperature germs are burned. The air in the germicidal room should be kept fresh and
ventilated in a timely manner. Generally, it should be ventilated once a day for 30-40
minutes. When the temperature is high, cold wind will be opened sooner or later to
increase the shade. When the temperature is low, the wind blows at noon.
The light in the cultivation room should not be weak. Mycelia can grow in both low light
and dark conditions. Strong light is not conducive to mycelium growth. The light in the
shed maintains 50 ~ 100 lux scattered light. In short, it is necessary to check the stack
carefully.Generally, it is stacked once every 5 ~ 7 days.If the material temperature is
higher than 24 ℃, it can be stacked at any time. Ventilate in low temperature and dark
light to grow bacteria.
Six,Mushroom Management
After the mycelium is full of sticky culture material, reduce the temperature in the
mushroom shed in time so that the temperature in the mushroom shed is about 10 ° C.
Increase the temperature difference between day and night so that the temperature
difference reaches about 10 ° C. Increasing scattered light, after 3 to 5 days of
mushrooming, fruit bag primordia (white hyphae clusters) were formed on both ends of
the fungus bag, the bag opening was unraveled and straightened or the bag opening was
lifted to promote primordium differentiation.
At this time, the temperature is increased to 18-20 ° C, and the relative humidity of the
space is controlled at 85% to 90%. Water is sprayed into the mushroom shed space 2 to
3 times a day to keep the ground moist. Water can be sprayed directly on the fruiting
body, and the amount of water spraying increases as the entity grows.
Do not spray water on the primordia or buds of the fruit body, otherwise, the primordia
or buds of the fruit body will shrink and die. Proper ventilation should be performed
during the growth of fruiting bodies, ventilation 1-2 times a day. About 30 minutes a
day. If the temperature is high or the cultivation volume of Pleurotus ostreatus in the
shed is large, the ventilation volume should be increased.
The light in the shed is the same as that of the bacteria. Under suitable conditions, it
takes 5-7 days for the primordia to grow to fruiting bodies. The bacteria cover is fully
unfolded, and the color is harvested in time after changing from dark to light, and the
old hyphae, dead mushrooms and debris on the material surface must be cleaned in
time. According to the above management method, 2 ~ 4 Chao mushrooms can be
picked. When San Chao mushrooms find that there are few young mushrooms, thin
caps, and slow growth, nutritional solutions must be replenished in time to achieve high
yield, high quality, and high efficiency.