PORT CITY INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY

REPORT

REPORT NAME : Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna

REPORT NO. : 01
COURSE TITLE : Microwave Engineering Laboratory
COURSE CODE: EEE 414

SUBMITTED TO

Mr. Swarup Chakraborty

Senior Lecturer,
Dept. of EEE
Port City International University

SUBMITTED BY

ID : EEE 014 06287

Mohammad Zahedul Islam
 THEORY

Microstrip Patch Antenna:

An individual microstrip antenna consists of a patch of metal foil of various shapes (a patch antenna) on the surface of a PCB (printed circuit
board), with a metal foil ground plane on the other side of the board. Most microstrip antennas consist of multiple patches in a two-
dimensional array.

Required Materials:

 CST Studio Suit 2018

 Internet
 Microstrip Line Calculator
 Microstrip Patch Antenna Calculator
 FR-4(lossy)
 Copper(Annealed)

Required Data:

 Dielectric Constant, er=4.4

 Dielectric Height, h=0.8 mm
 Thickness, t=18 micrometer (0.018mm)
 Frequency, f=10 GHz

The Microstrip Patch Antenna Calculation Process

Step 1: Calculation of the Width (W) -

Step 2: Calculation of the Effective Dielectric Constant. This is based on the height, dielectric constant of the dielectric and the
calculated width of the patch antenna.

Step 3: Calculation of the Effective length

Step 4: Calculation of the length extension ΔL

Step 5: Calculation of actual length of the patch

Where the following parameters are used

f0 is the Resonance Frequency

W is the Width of the Patch

L is the Length of the Patch

h is the thickness

εr is the relative Permittivity of the dielectric substrate

c is the Speed of light: 3 x 108

 PRACTICAL RESULT

Fig. Rectangular Micro Strip Patch Antenna Made by CST 2018.

S- Parameter: Scattering parameters or S-parameters (the elements of a scattering matrix or S-matrix) describe the electrical
behavior of linear electrical networks when undergoing various steady state stimuli by electrical signals.

Reference Impedance: Reference impedance is a number that is used to define S parameters. If you have S parameters
and you want information about voltages and currents (or vice versa), you need the reference impedance.
VSWR: VSWR (Voltage Standing Wave Ratio), is a measure of how efficiently radio-frequency power is transmitted from a power source,
through a transmission line, into a load (for example, from a power amplifier through a transmission line, to an antenna). The range of values
for VSWR is from 1 to ∞ . A VSWR value under 2 is considered suitable for most antenna applications. The antenna can be described as
having a “Good Match”. So when someone says that the antenna is poorly matched, very often it means that the VSWR value exceeds 2 for a
frequency of interest.

Z parameter:The Z parameter is used to determine the quality factor of an antenna which can give you an insight about the attainable
bandwidth. Z(ant)=R+jX, where R=R(rad)+R(Loss), so you can predict somehow the losses and the efficiency. It could also be useful for
determining an equivalent circuit model of the antenna.