STD 9 Eng

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General Education Department Samagra Shiksha, Kerala SCERT 3

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4 General Education Department Samagra Shiksha, Kerala SCERT

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9
GENERAL EDUCATION DEPARTMENT SAMAGRA SHIKSHA, KERALA SCERT

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https://diksha.gov.in/dial/ZCNAM5

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9

Activity Card English Class : 9
WORKSHEET 1
This is Tarun. He is sad. He got the results of the

terminal examination today. He failed in two subjects.
His father got angry with him and scolded him badly.
Here is the conversation between father and son.
Complete the dialogue box ............................................................
.............................................................
Your brother has always

made us proud, but you
always put us to shame.
.......................................................
.......................................................

WORKSHEET 2
It was a sad day for Tarun and so as usual he took to running in the park. When he
was fully exhausted, he sat on a bench. That was when he met Ram Narayan, the
Olympian. Ram Narayan informed him about the race to be conducted on Children’s
Day at Nehru Stadium.
A Notice has been prepared to inform the public about the race. Some parts of the
notice are missing.
Complete the notice.
NOTICE
THE ARTS AND SPORTS CLUB
…………………………………………..
…………………….,
It is decided to conduct ………………….at the Nehru Stadium

…………14th November 2020 ……………. 10 AM. Those who wish to
participate, can register their names with the Secretary on or before
…………………………
Don’t miss this golden opportunity.
Sd/-
Secretary
…………………..
…………………..

WORKSHEET 3
Tarun participated in the race held on Children’s day. Even though he was in the
lead at the beginning, he failed in the race. However, his determination and will power
helped him to win the appreciation of the public.
• He was very confident at the beginning because he was in the lead.
• He slipped and fell down thrice during the race.
• He decided not to give up and finished the race.
Tarun jotted down his feelings in his diary on that day. Can you help him complete
his diary entry?
14/11/2020
………………..
What a memorable day it was! Was I over confident?
……………………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………..
My mother hugged me and said, “You are the best son in the world.”.What a
proud moment it was!

WORKSHEET 4
Here is a word web for you. Complete the word web choosing the words which
best describe Tarun from those given in brackets.
(good actor, black sheep of the family, good athlete, lazy, hardworking, determined,
dedicated, studious)
Mediocre
TARUN
Based on the above word web, prepare a character sketch of Tarun.
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WORKSHEET 5
Activity 1
It means that we need to dream big so that our dreams encourage us everyday to do
something big for ourselves and others.
It was Tarun’s dream to become the fastest runner in the world.
Ram Narayan’s motivation and inspiration helped Taruntake the step forward towards
achieving his dream.
Their meeting at the park marked a turning point in the life of Tarun. They spoke a
lot to each other on that day. Ram Narayan understood the calibre of Tarun and gave
him an offer.
Shall we attempt the conversation between Ram Narayan and Tarun?
This is how it began.

What happened I failed in two

dear? subjects.
Now complete the conversation between Tarun and Ram Narayan
Ram Narayan : .....................................................................................................
Tarun : .....................................................................................................
Ram Narayan : .....................................................................................................
Tarun : .....................................................................................................
Ram Narayan : .....................................................................................................
Tarun : .....................................................................................................
Ram Narayan : .....................................................................................................
Tarun : .....................................................................................................
Ram Narayan : .....................................................................................................
Tarun : .....................................................................................................
Ram Narayan : .....................................................................................................
Tarun : .....................................................................................................

Activity 2
Tarunfelt very happy about the offer given by Ram Narayan. On his way back home,
many thoughts came to his mind.
(father’s anger, golden opportunity, practice schedule, mother’s back up)
Write the thoughts of Tarun on his way back home.

You may make use of the hints given above.

WORKSHEET 6
Activity 1
Tarun practised zealously. With great confidence, he reached the stadium on the day
of the race. He heard the announcement of the race at the stadium.
Guess what the announcement would have been?
Write the likely announcement in the box given below.
Ladies and Gentlemen,

As part of Children’s day celebration ............................
Activity 2
Tarun tried his level best but failed. The shallow path on the track turned out to be
the villain. Tarun decided to write a letter of complaint to the stadium management.
Can you complete the letter for him?

From
....................
......................
.........................
14/11/2000
To
...........................
..........................
.........................
Respected Sir,
Sub: .......................................................................
This is to inform …………………………………………………………......

…………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………….....
…………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………….…
Thanking you
.....................................
Sd/-
Name

WORKSHEET 7
Activity 1
Sachin often tried to emulate the mannerisms of his favourite players.
Which are his favourite players mentioned in the lesson?.
Vinod Kambli Sunil Gavaskar
Brett Lee Viv Richards
He admired them for their …………… .(bowling/batting/fielding) style.

Sachin loved playing cricket from a very early age. His brother Ajit was a strong
support to him and wanted him to give due importance to the game of cricket. Ajit
took Sachin to the summer camp of RamakantAchrekar sir, the cricket coach.

The events that took place at the camp are given in jumbled order.
• Achrekar sir advised Ajit to bring Sachin back to the camp when he was a
little older.
• Sachin was asked to bat in the nets with many people around and he was not at
all comfortable.
• Ajit insisted on giving his brother one more opportunity because he was sure
that Sachin could do better.
• Sachin felt at ease and started to hit the ball well.
• Sachin failed to make an impact.
• Achrekar sir agreed to let Sachin join the camp.
• Ajit requested Achrekar sir to watch Sachin play from a distance.
Can you sort them out in the right order?
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................

Activity 3
Sachin was delighted to get entry into the camp. It was an opportunity that
transformed his life.
Write a paragraph on how Sachin gained entry into the summer camp?
You may make use of the sentences in Activity 2.
..................................................................................................................................
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WORKSHEET 8
Activity 1
The daily schedule of Sachin during the summer cricket camp was rigorous.
• Wake up and freshen up
• Travel to the camp for morning session
• Morning session
• Travel back home after morning session
• Time for washing cricket clothes and for lunch
• Travel to the camp for evening practice
• Evening session
Narrate the daily event’s in Sachin’s life during the cricket camp at Shivaji Park in a
paragraph using appropriate linkers.
…………………………………………………………………….........................
…………………………………………………………………….........................
…………………………………………………………………….........................
…………………………………………………………………….........................
…………………………………………………………………….........................

Activity 2
Achrekar sir understood that Sachin had the potential to be a good cricketer. He put
forward a suggestion to Sachin’s father to transfer him from New English School in
Bandra to SharadhashramVidyamandir if he wanted to pursue cricket seriously. On
that day, Sachin and his father had a discussion about the same. How would their
conversation be?
Father : I understand that cricket is your passion.
Sachin : .............................................................................................................
Father : .............................................................................................................
Sachin : .............................................................................................................
Father : .............................................................................................................
Sachin : .............................................................................................................
Father : It’s not going to be easy. I hope you remember the rigorous training at the
summer camp.
Sachin : .............................................................................................................
Father : .............................................................................................................
Sachin : .............................................................................................................

WORKSHEET 9
Activity 1
Last fifteen minutes training at the cricket camp is presented as picture story.
The one rupee coin technique taught Sachin how to concentrate even when physically
drained.
What do you understand by this statement?
………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………….

Activity 2
One rupee coin played an important role in building up Sachin’s concentration and
confidence.
Fill up the blanks with words/phrases from the brackets .
(fielding, technique, intense fifteen minutes, physically drained, managed,
satisfaction, the coin was his, run by, bowler, survive, place, bowl to him)
The one rupee coin on top of the stumps was a .................. at the cricket
camp ........... Achrekar Sir. Towards the last 15 minutes, Sir would ............
a one-rupee coin on top of the stumps and if Sachin ............... to avoid
getting out, ........................ In this session, every ............in the camp
would come and ................., with some sixty to seventy boys ............. It
meant he had to hit every ball along the ground to .............. those
.................................... Winning the one-rupee coin used to give him
immense ....................... and taught him how to concentrate even when
.........................

WORKSHEET 10
Activity 1
Match the following
IDIOMS MEANINGS
1. Felt blue a. a misfortune which brings good results.
2. Raining cats and dogs b. happening very rarely
3. Once in a blue moon c. feel sad
4. A blessing in disguise d. the last ray of hope.
5. The last straw e. raining very heavily.
Activity 2
Sachin’s journey back home from the camp was hectic. He rarely got a seat in the
bus during the peak hours of the day. He had to stand with the kitbag. The bus
conductors were often rude and would ask him to buy two tickets for occupying the
space of another passenger. Dirty clothes added to the embarrassment. Back home
one day, he narrates the experience to his mother. How would he narrate his
experience?
You may make use of the idioms given in brackets as you jot down the narration.
(felt blue, raining cats and dogs, once in a blue moon, a blessing in disguise, the last
straw)
It was a hectic day, mom. My journey back home was a herculean task...................
.....................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................

WORKSHEET 11
Activity 1
Look at these sentences and put tick mark for the ones that show the sufferings of
Mikali.
• Mikali couldn’t go for work as he had to bear on his back the burden of a new-
borne baby.
• Mikali wandered about like a lost soul.
• The men had work and so the children had something to eat.
• Refugees in his camp were ready to help him.
• Mikali hadn’t a penny to buy infant milk and no woman in the camp was ready
to give him breast milk.
• The China man’s wife was ready to feed his new born baby.
• Mikali’s mother died when she gave birth to his young brother.
Activity 2
Now arrange the sentences with tick marks in correct order.
...............................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................

Activity 3
Write a paragraph on the sufferings of Mikali as he carries his infant brother on his
back. You may make use of the above sentences.
……………………………………………………………………………………..
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WORKSHEET 12
Read the following dialogue between the Chinaman and Mikali.

Chinaman : How can I help you?
Mikali : I need some milk for my little brother.
The Chinaman took Mikali home with him and told his wife about Mikali.
This is how he said it.
“I asked Mikali how I could help him.
He replied that he needed some milk for his little brother.”
Based on the above statement of the Chinaman, identify whether the following are
true or false.
When the conversation was reported:-
• Tense form was changed. True/ False
• Pronoun was changed according to the speaker. True/ False
• Reporting verbs were not used. True/ False
• Apt conjunctions were used. True/ False
Try to report the following dialogues.
1. Mikali : Where can I find some milk for my baby?
Chinaman : My wife will feed your baby.
Mikali asked the Chinaman where …….(he/they) could find milk for his baby.
The Chinaman replied that his wife would feed ……………………………
2. Mikali : Why do you look so shocked?
Woman : The baby looks dreadful with its enormous head and shrivelled
body.
Mikali asked the woman why ………………………………………………
The woman replied that the baby …………………………………………..
3. Kallenbach : What name shall we give for the farm?
Gandhiji : We can call it Tolstoy Farm.
Kallenbach asked …………………………………………………………....
Gandhiji …………………………………………………………………......

WORKSHEET 13
Activity 1
You may have your own dreams. Express one of your dreams in the space provided.
You can draw a picture of your dream or write about your dream.

Activity 2
Read the following lines from the poem ‘ Song of a Dream’
ONCE in the dream of a night I stood
Lone in the light of a magical wood,
Soul-deep in visions that poppy-like sprang;
And spirits of Truth were the birds that sang,
And spirits of Love were the stars that glowed,
And spirits of Peace were the streams that flowed
In that magical wood in the land of sleep.
Now choose the correct answer.
1. When did the poet have the dream?
a. In the morning
b. In the afternoon
c. In the evening
d. At night
Answer :…………………………………………………
2. What does the ‘magical wood’ stand for?
a. Pieces of wood
b. Magical stick
c. Perfect land of ideal values
d. None of the above
Answer :…………………………………………………
3. What is the ‘Spirit of Peace’ compared to?
a. Birds that sang
b. Stars that glowed
c. Streams that flowed
Answer :…………………………………………………

4. The ‘Spirit of Love’ is compared to?

a. Birds that sang
b. Stars that glowed
c. Streams that flowed
Answer :…………………………………………………
5. Soul deep in visions that poppy-like sprang’. Which poetic device is
employed in this line?
a. Simile
b. Metaphor
c. Personification
d. Hyperbole
Answer :…………………………………………………
Worksheet 14
Match Column A with Column B?
A-(Meaning) B- (Lines from thepoemt)

• The speaker was alone in • And I heard the song of
a magical wood. the spirits of Truth
• The poet had soulful visions that • I stood lone in the light
sprang before her like poppies. of a magical wood
• The presence of the Spirits of Truth • I felt the stars of the spirits of Love
made the magical wood ideal. Gather and gleam round my
delicate youth.
• The magical wood glittered with • To quench my longing I bent me low
the Spirits of Love. By the streams of the spirits
of Peace that flow.
• Her longing for serenity was • Soul-deep in visions that
quenched by the Spirits of Peace. poppy-like sprang.

WORKSHEET 15
Activity 1
Read the lines from the poem ‘ Song of a Dream’.
ONCE in the dream of a night I stood
Lone in the light of a magical wood,
Soul-deep in visions that poppy-like sprang;
And spirits of Truth were the birds that sang,
And spirits of Love were the stars that glowed,
And spirits of Peace were the streams that flowed
Lone in the light of that magical grove,

I felt the stars of the spirits of Love
Gather and gleam round my delicate youth,
And I heard the song of the spirits of Truth;
To quench my longing I bent me low
By the streams of the spirits of Peace that flow
Now pick out the images which appeals to our sense of sight and sense of hearing
and complete the table.
Sense of sight Sense of hearing

Night Birds that sang
a.-------------------- d. ----------------------
b.-------------------- e. ----------------------
c.--------------------
The images that appeal to our sense of sight are………………………………..
The images that appeal to our sense of hearing are………………………………..

WORKSHEET 16
Activity 1
Look at these lines.
Once in the dream of a night I stood
Lone in the light of a magical wood.
The underlined words are called --------------------.

Complete the table suitably:
Rhyming words
a. stood- wood
b. -----------------------------
c. -----------------------------
d. -----------------------------
e. -----------------------------
f. -----------------------------
The rhyme scheme followed

Stanza 1 :............…….
Stanza 2 :……………..
Activity 2
‘Lone in the light of a magical wood’.
The words’ Lone’ and ‘light’ begin with the same consonant sounds.
This is an example of ......................

Activity 3
Some poetic devices are in the box given below. Fill up the table using the clues
provided.
Simile, Metaphor, Personification, Alliteration
A. Poetic devices B. What they stand for C. Examples from the poem
• A direct comparison of .....................................

Simile wo unlike things using
‘like’ or ‘as’ ......................................
• A direct comparison ......................................

between unlike things
………………….. stating that one is the ......................................
other or does the action
of the other. ......................................
• Repetition of consonant ......................................

………………….. sounds at the beginning of
adjacent words in a line. ......................................
• Giving human traits and

………………….. qualities to an inanimate ......................................
object.

WORKSHEET 17
Activity 1
Look at this expression.
‘We cannot allow thoughtless people to ruin our beautiful village’.
Do you agree with this statement of Shastri?
YES/ NO
Grandmother: ‘At last the mountain spoke loud enough for everyone to hear’.
What do you understand from this statement?
………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………..........................................
Study the table given below:

It shows the differences in the attitudes of Grandmother and Mr. Dixit.
Grandmother Mr Dixit
No TV, radio, movies, much less Tourism is a part of development.
noise ....... but happy.
The river, trees, flowers, birds and A fabulous multi-storeyed five
animals are friends. star hotel will attract many tourists.
We have to protect Nature. The waterfalls, trees, wildlife
etc attract tourists.
Lives in harmony with nature. The breathtaking view of the gorgeous
mountain will attract many people.

Who do you support? ..................................
Why? -............................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
Is development possible without destructing nature- Yes/ No

If such a development is possible, we call it as sustainable development.
Suggest ways to promote sustainable development.
• Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle resources.
• ………………………………………………
• ………………………………………………
• ………………………………………………
• ………………………………………………

WORKSHEET 18
Look at this board.

SITE FOR A MULTI
STORED FIVE STAR
HOTEL
They are going to build a five star hotel there.It will destroy the river, mountain and
the calm atmosphere of Dharmagiri.
Being responsible citizens, it is our duty to protect Nature. You have decided to
conduct a campaign to protest against the construction of the five-star hotel.
Activity 1
Posters are to be placed to announce the campaign. Prepare posters for the same in
the space provided.

Activity 2
Now look at this.
‘Join hands to save environment’
This is a slogan raised by the students while protesting against the construction of
the hotel .
Prepare slogans expressing your protest against the construction of the hotel.
...................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................
Activity 3
Students used placards for the protest. One of the placards prepared by the students
is given below. Prepare more placards to be used for the protest.
SAVE DHARMAGIRI

WORKSHEET 19
Activity 1
The grandmother in the play ‘Listen to the Mountain’ says that the river, trees, flowers,
birds and animals are all her friends. She became worried about their plight when
she heard about the construction of a five star hotel on top of Dharmagiri mountain.
She felt that her grandson Narayan, the village school headmaster could do something
about it and gave him some instructions.
• You must talk to the children.
• Don’t put ideas into their heads.
• Just tell them everything.
Can you change these instructions into requests?
The first one is done for you.
1. You must talk to the children. Please talk to the children.
2. Don’t put ideas into their heads …………………………
3. Just tell them everythin ……………………………..
Activity 2
Look at these sentences.
• Ask the children what they feel about it.
• Give me the details by tomorrow.
• Make arrangements for a meeting with the government officials.

Shall we convert these instructions into requests of different types?

The first one is done for you.
1. Give me the details by tomorrow.
• Please give me the details by tomorrow.
• Could you please give me the details by tomorrow?
• Would you mind giving me the details by tomorrow?
2. Ask the children what they feel about it.
……………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………….
3. Make arrangements for a meeting with the government officials.
……………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………….

WORKSHEET 20
Activity 1
Imagine that the grandmother in the play ‘Listen to the Mountain’ advises her
grandson, the school headmaster.
This is how she would say it.
“You had better talk to the children.”
Had better + verb (for giving
advice/suggestion/warning)
The Chinaman is advising Mikali to stop crying.

How would he say it?
You .................................................. crying.
Convert the following instructions into advices? One has been done for you .
1. Give me the details by tomorrow.
You had better give me the details by tomorrow.
2. Come home with me.
…………………………………………………………
3. Do not waste water because water scarcity is a major problem.
...………………………………………………………………………………
4. Maintain social distancing to control the spread of the virus.
...………………………………………………………………………………
5. Stop pretending that climate change is not a serious issue.
...………………………………………………………………………………

6. Face the challenge with courage and honesty.

...………………………………………………………………………………
Activity 2
What advice would you give in the following situations?
1. Your friend has the habit of
smoking which is dangerous to
his health.
You had better ......................................................................................

2. You know that rainfall is less nowadays
and planting trees is the solution.
……………………………………………………………………
3. Your little brother is avoiding the footpath and walking
on the road.
……………………………………………………………………
4. Your neighbours are burning plastic and you know that it is

hazardous to health.
……………………………………………………………………

WORKSHEET 21
Activity 1
If you study well, you will get a good score.
If you studied well, you would get a good score.
If you had studied well, you would have got a good score.
How will you divide the above sentences into two parts?
If you study well
you would get a good score.
The above sentences are examples of conditional sentence type 1, 2 and 3 respectively.
Conditional sentences are statements which say about hypothetical situations and
their consequences. Conditional sentences contain a conditional clause (often referred
to as the if-clause) and the consequence(main clause).
Activity 2
Underline the verbs in the following sentences.
• If you study well, you will get a good score.
• If you studied well, you would get a good score.
• If you had studied well, you would have got a good score.
What did you notice in the tense form of the verbs in the first sentence?
The verb in the ‘if-clause’ is in simple present tense and the verb in the main clause
is in simple future tense.
What about the other two sentences?
If-clause Main clause
simple past tense .........................................................
........................................................... would +have +V3

Fill up the following sentences based on their conditions.
1. If you practise well, ........................................................
2. If you worked hard, .............................................................
3. If I had reached on time, .........................................................
4. ............................................, they would win the match.
5. ............................................................, she would have been successful.
6. If he had not fallen, .....................................................................

WORKSHEET 22
Activity 1
Mikali could not put up with the attitude of his compatriots towards his little brother.
He came across a Chinaman who offered to help him.
Mikali was taken aback by the generosity shown by the Chinaman and his wife.
What is special about the expressions written in bold in the above sentences?
They are phrasal verbs. Their meanings are different from the meanings of the
individual words.
Match the phrasal verbs in Column A with their meaning in Column B.
Put up with To meet someone by chance
Come across To establish something
Taken aback To express an idea
Set up To tolerate
Turn down To stop making an effort.
Put across To surprise or shock someone
Set out To decide
Give up To reject an offer
Make up one’s mind To continue
Go on To begin a journey

Activity 2
Replace the underlined words in the passage with the right phrasal verbs
from Activity 1.
Tolstoy farm was a community of Indians established (a) by Gandhiji in South Africa.
He decided (b) to make some provision for the education of boys and girls in the
farm. Qualified Indian teachers were scarce, and even when available they rejected
(c) the offer because of the small salary. Gandhiji could not tolerate (d) the existing
system of education and he expressed (e) his idea of experimenting a true system.
a) ………………………………….
b) ………………………………….
c) …………………………………..
d) ……………………………………….
e) …………………………………………..

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21
106
Social Science
9

ACTIVITY CARD
Social Science I Class: 9
UNIT : 1
MEDIEVAL WORLD : CENTRES OF POWER

Activity
• The period between the fifth and the fifteenth centuries CE is known as the medieval
period. Even though the political structure of the medieval world was similar, there
were differences in the forms of authority. Let’s complete the table showing different
forms of power that existed in Europe, Asia, Africa and America during the Medieval
period.
Empires Rulers Contributions
• Eastern Roman Empire • Justinian • Corpus Juris Civilis

•
•
• Holy Roman Empire •

•
• • Harun – al-Rashid •
•
• • • Codified the Ottoman laws

•
• Mongolian Empire • •
•
• • Kankan Musa
•
Based on the completed table can you analyse and note down your general
observations?
General Education Department Samagra Shiksha, Kerala SCERT

108
ACTIVITY CARD
• The Socio-Political-Economic system existed in medieval Europe based on land

was known as Feudalism. From the fifteenth century onwards feudalism began to
decline in Europe. What are the factors that led to the decline of feudalism?
• Agricultural production decreased.

• Peasant Revolts and war
•
•
•
•
Write about the crisis that have occurred in social life as a result of feudalism.

109
ACTIVITY CARD
Unit : 2
The East and the West: Era of Exchanges
Activity
Two major trade routes of the medieval period are Silk Route and Spice Route. These
trade routes which connect the East and the West extends from Eastern China to Western
Europe. Observe the given map and complete the table.
Continents through Countries Towns

Trade Routes
which trade routes
passes
Silk Route • Asia • India •
• • •
• • •
Spice Route • • • Kozhikkode

• • •
• • •
The greatest speciality of the medieval socio-economic structure was the Guilds. These
Guilds were the associations of experts in different occupational sectors.

110
ACTIVITY CARD
Different kinds of Guilds.
Aims of Guilds
Responsibilities of the Guilds
Causes for the decline of the Guild system.

111
ACTIVITY CARD
During the middle ages, Europe made remarkable progress in education. The expansion
of basic education, universities, Greco-Roman knowledge and Islamic knowledge were
the features of the Medieval Age. Complete the table based on this.
Medieval Education
The major subjects The main subjects taught The main subjects
taught in the medieval in universities offered in Gurukula
schools. • Philosophy system in India.
• Grammar • Languages
•
• •
•
• •
Progress in the field of trade and culture in the medieval world led to the beginning of the
modern age. Do you agree with this statement? Substantiate your arguments.

112
ACTIVITY CARD
Chapter 3
INDIAN CONSTITUTION : RIGHTS AND DUTIES
Activity
Fundamental Rights are those rights which cannot be denied to a person at any
cost. Let’s write down the fundamental rights ensured by the Indian constitution.
• Right to equality
•
Add the important ideas of each fundamental rights.
A. Right to equality
• Abolition of untouchability
B. Right to Freedom
• Right to life and personal liberty.

113
ACTIVITY CARD
C. Right against Exploitation.
• Abolition of child labour.
D. Right to freedom of Religion.
• Right to profess, practice and propagate any religion.
E. Cultural and Educational Rights.
F. Right to constitutional remedies.
• Remedial measures if the fundamental rights are violated.

114
ACTIVITY CARD
Certain duties are to be performed by the citizens towards the state to protect the unity
and integrity of the nation. These duties are known as fundamental duties. Which part of
the Indian constitution mention the fundamental duties?
What are the fundamental duties included in Indian constituion?
Stand up while the National Anthem is being sung.

115
ACTIVITY CARD
Chapter 4
Medieval India: Concept of Kingship and Nature of
Administration
Activity
Medieval India was ruled by various dynasties. Complete the given table related to these
dynasties.
Dynasties Rulers Administrative reforms Features
• Market regulation • The government

• Sultanate rule • Alauddin Khalji
fixed the prices of
essential
commodities.
•
•
• Mughal rule • • Mansabdari • Central Government
•
•
• • Raja Raja Chola • •

•
• Rajendra Chola
• The Nayankara
• • System •
• Central
• • Shivaji • government
Analyse the above completed table related to the medieval dynasties and write
down the general features that you find.

116
ACTIVITY CARD
Chapter 5
Society and Economy in Medieval India
Activity
To understand the social status of medieval India, let us complete the word web related to
the medieval Indian society.
Middle class
• Traders
•
Medieval Indian
Society
Upper class
• Kings
• Lower class
• Farmers
•
Write a short note on the life of Medieval Indian Society.

117
ACTIVITY CARD
Mention the steps taken by medieval Indian rulers for the process of agriculture.
• To extend cultivation, Balban, the Sultanate ruler, allotted Doab region to farmers.
Find out the activities being adopted by modern governments for the betterment of
agriculture.

118
ACTIVITY CARD
Chapter 6
India, The Land of Synthesis
Activity
Different religions with new ideas came to India at different periods. Two movements
emerged as a result of mutual influence of these ideas are Bhakti movement and Sufi
movement.
i) Complete the following table based on the indicators related to Sufi movement.
a) Sufi Saint
b) Followers of Sufi Saint
c) Residence of Sufis
d) Devotional songs recited at Sufi centres
ii) Features of Bhakti movement
• Its propagators were the saints who were Bhakti poets.
iii) Ideas of Virasaiva movement
• Opposed caste system
• Gave priority to gender equality.

119
ACTIVITY CARD
Chapter 7
Kerala: From Eighth to Eighteenth Century
The period between the 8th and the 18th century is considered as the medieval period of
Kerala. There were 14 nadus from Kolathunadu in the north to the venad in the south.
Examine the map (Nadus of Medieval Kerala, Page No: 107 Social Science - I - Text
Book) and list out the namesof the nadus of medieval Kerala.
• Venadu
• Vembalanadu

120
ACTIVITY CARD
Let us examine the characterstics of the rule of the Perumals.

121
ACTIVITY CARD
Chapter 8
Election and Democracy
Activity
Democracy to be effective, election should be independent and impartial.

The constitution of India has constituted an independent Election Commission.
Who is the present Chief Election Commissioner?
Who appoints the Chief Election Commissioner and other members?
Which are the important Elections conducted by Election Commission?
Write down the important functions of Election Commission?
• Supervise the election

122
ACTIVITY CARD
Write the reforms implemented by the Election Commission.
• Identity card with the voter’s photo has been introduced.
How does these reforms solve the limitations in election? Write down your opinion.

123
ACTIVITY CARD
Chapter 9
Towards a Bright Future
Activity
The use of narcotics is increasing in the society. How does one become addicted
to intoxicants? What are the problems of intoxicants?
Crimes among children have become a big social problem. The crimes done by children
of below fourteen years of age are called juvenile crimes. They are called juvenile offenders.
What causes children to become offenders at an early age?
• Misuse of media

124
ACTIVITY CARD
Social Science Class: 9
What can you do as a student to raise awareness on juvenile crime among children?

125
ACTIVITY CARD
Social Science II Class: 9
Chapter 1
Sun: The ultimate source
Activity
1. You have learnt about the various factors influencing the distribution of temperature
like latitude, altitude, nearness of ocean and winds. Based on this give reason for the
following statements.
a. The amount of solar energy decreases as we move from tropical region to poles.
b. The places situated at higher altitudes experiences lower temperature.
c. The range of temperature is low in places situated near to the oceans and high in
interior regions away from sea.
d. Winds influence atmospheric temperature.

126
ACTIVITY CARD
Social Science- II Class: 9
2. Due to variation in temperature, water in the atmosphere is found in condensation and

precipitation forms. Based on the condensation and precipitation forms which you are
familiar with, complete the given table.
Different forms of condensation Process of formation Cause for the formation

and precipitation
• Dew • Condensation • Low atmospheric
temperature at night
• • •
• • •
• • •
• • •
• • •

127
ACTIVITY CARD
Chapter 2
The Signature of Time
Activity
1. You have learnt about the major and minor lithospheric plates. These plates situated
above the aesthenosphere move in different ways. Complete the following table based
on plate movements.
Plate movements Plate margins Landforms Example
• Fold mountains • Himalayan mountain

• Plates move • Convergent
•
towards each other margins
• • • •
• • • •
2. Complete the table on different earth movements which results in various landforms.
Earth movements
Endogenic forces
Volcanic eruption
Diastrophic movement

128
ACTIVITY CARD
3. Apart from plate movements and faulting what are the other reasons for
earthquakes?

129
ACTIVITY CARD
Chapter 3
National Income
Activity
Find out the monthly income of your family, by asking adults at your home. Like this
every nation calculates its income. The amount earned from the production of goods and
services in a country during a year is called national income.
Which are the major sectors from which we receive national income?
• Agricultural sector
We get national income by adding the income from these three sectors. The money
value of goods and services produced in a country during a particular year is known as
national income.
Complete the following table related to the factors of production and its rewards.
Factors of Production Rewards

•
•
•
•
•
•
•

130
ACTIVITY CARD
Complete the following table related to the three methods of estimating national income.
Product Method Income Method Expenditure Method
• • •
• • •

131
ACTIVITY CARD
Chapter 4
By the Hands of the Nature
Activity
1. You have understood that various external and internal forces make changes in the
earth’s surface. Complete the following table related to the landforms created by
external forces.
Geomorphic agents Landforms Process of formation Peculiarity
• ____________ • Flood plains • Deposition • ____________
• Wind • ____________ • ____________ • Crescent shaped
• Waves • ____________ • ____________ • Steep hillocks
• ____________ • Limestone caves • ____________ • ____________
2. Observe the fig 4.29 given in part 1 Social Science II textbook. Based on this
identify the role of human activities in bringing changes in the earth’s surface.

132
ACTIVITY CARD
Chapter 5
Ocean and Man
Activity
Majority of the districts in Kerala shares border with Arabian Sea. The influence of
ocean in our nature and lifestyle is therefore very evident. Findout the different
ways in which oceans are useful to man.
• Weather Moderate temperature in coastal areas

133
ACTIVITY CARD
Chapter 6
Economic Growth and Economic Development
Activity
World countries are classified into developed and developing nations. What
is the basis of this classification? How can we identify whether a country has developed?
There are certain recognised indices used to measure and assess economic
development. Which are they?
Development Indices
1. Percapita Income 2. ..................... 3. ............................ 4. ...............................
From our findings, we can write more details about development indices.
(1) Percapita Income

134
ACTIVITY CARD
(2) Physical Quality of Life Index.
(3) Human Development Index
(4) Human Happiness Index

135
ACTIVITY CARD
Human development is the expansion process of opportunities that helps the people
to improve their human resource. How human development helps economic
development? Complete the flow chart.
Better Educational facilities
---------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------
What are the three main goals of sustainable development?
• Environmental goals
Observe the environment around you and complete the table related to sustainable
development.
Activities that hamper Suggestions to ensure
sustainable development sustainable development
• Polluting and wasting clean water • Rain water harvesting

136
ACTIVITY CARD
Chapter 7
For a safer future
Activity
Observe the picture of landslide in Kerala (Fig 7.5) given in page 112 of part
2 Social Science II textbook. What are the unscientific human activities which have
made this natural hazard to reach the level of a disaster? Mention the scientific land
use practices that should be adopted to protect our nature.
Unscientific activities
Scientific landuse practices.

137
ACTIVITY CARD
Chapter 8
Population, Migration, Settlements
Activity
Number of migrated labourers are employed in various sectors including tourism,

hotel business and construction in Kerala. You might have seen people from West
Bengal and Odisha along with their family working in our state.
(a) What are the different factors which attract these people to our state?
(b) What are the factors influencing the distribution of population?
(a)
(b)
Factors influencing distribution of population

138
ACTIVITY CARD
Chapter 9
Economic Systems and Economic Policies
Activity
As a result of changing economic policies, there has been a large scale

transfer of capital, goods and services and technical knowhow across the border.
Though India used to maintain a strong public sector and controlled foreign trade,
of late the economic policies have undergone a change.
What was the essence of the policy change that began in 1991?
• Liberalisation
What are the results of new economic policy?

139
ACTIVITY CARD
Let us write the arguments for and against new economic policies.
Arguments in favour
Arguments Against

140
Physics
9

Activity Card Physics Class : 9
Content
Unit No. Name of Unit Focus Area
1 Forces in Fluids Buoyancy, Factors that influence buoyancy,

Archimedes principle, Relative density, Pascal’s
Law, Capillarity, Cohesive force, Adhesive force.
2 Equations of Motion Position-time graph, Velocity-time graph, Equations

of motion.
3 Motion and Laws of motion Newton’s first law of motion, Inertia, Momentum,
Impulse, Newton’s Second law of motion, Newton’s
Third Law of motion, Law of conservation of
Momentum, Mathematical problems related to
momentum and Impulse.
4 Gravitation Universal Law of Gravitation, Force of gravity, Mass

and Weight, Freefall, Mathematical problems related
to universal law of Gravitation.
5. Work, Energy and Power Work, Energy, Kinetic Energy, Potential Energy,
Power, Mathematical problems related to work and
kinetic energy.
6. Current Electricity Ohm’s Law, Mathematical problems related to

Ohm’s law, Resistivity.
7. Wave Motion Characteristics of waves

Unit 1 – Forces in Fluids

Activity 1
Certain features related to forces in fluids are given.
 Buoyancy – When a body is immersed completely or partially in a fluid, the fluid

exerts an upward force on the body.
 Factors influencing buoyancy - Density of fluid, volume of body.
 Archimedes principle - When an object is immersed partially or completely in a fluid,

the buoyancy experienced by it will be equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by it.
The given table contains the findings of an experiment done by a student by using an overflowing
jar and a spring balance as shown in the figure.
a) Complete the table
Object Weight of the Weight of the Loss of weight Weight of water

object in air object in water (Buoyancy) overflowed
Stone 1.5 N 1N 0.5 N (i).......................
Iron block 5N 4N (ii) .................... 1N
b) What is the relation between the buoyancy experienced by the stone and the weight of
water displaced by it?
........................................................................................................................................

c) If this experiment is repeated by using stone and kerosene what is the buoyancy experienced?
(0.4 N, 0.5 N, 0.6 N)
..............................................
d) Justify your answer?
.....................................................................................................................
Activity 2
Relative density of a substance is the ratio of the density of the substance to the density of water.
a) Find out the device that is used to measure the quantity of water in milk?
(Barometer, Lactometer, Thermometer)
....................................................
b) What will be the reading when a hydrometer is dipped in water?
(0, 1, 100)
...........................
c) Find out the relative density of brine solution having density 1025 kg/m3?
(1.025, 10.25, 1.025 kg/m3)
..............................................
d) In which liquid will the hydrometer sink deeper? In water or in kerosene?
..............................................
Activity 3
Volume of a liquid cannot be changed using pressure. This is the basis of Pascal’s Law.
 Pascal’s Law – The pressure applied at any point of a liquid at rest in a closed system,
will be experienced equally at all parts of the liquid.
a) Hydraulic jack is a device that works on the basis of Pascal’s law. Write the names of two
more devices that worked on the basis of this law.
(i) .....................................................(ii) .....................................................

b) Two tubes of different area of cross section filled with a liquid are connected. The area of
cross section of small pipe is 1 m2 and that of the large one is 2m2. Calculate the pressure
experienced on the large piston if a force of 10 N is applied on the small piston.
According to Pascal’s law F2 = ...................................................
= ...................................................
= ...................................................
= ................................................... N
Activity 4
 Capillarity – The rise or depression of a liquid in a narrow tube or a minute hole is

capillarity.
 Cohesive force – The attraction between the molecules of the same type is called
cohesive force.
 Adhesive force – It is the force of attraction between molecules of different types of
substances.
Observe the figure
Water Mercury
a) Which liquid undergoes capillary depression?

..............................................................................................................
b) Explain the reason for capillary depression?

................................................................. .............................................
c) To which point does the capillary rise of a liquid happen against the gravitational force?
..............................................................................................................
d) What is the relation between the diameter of a tube and capillary rise?
..........................................................................................................................................

Unit 2 – Equations of Motion

Activity 1
Position (m)
time (s)
The movement of car is indicated in the graph.
a) Write the name of the graph?

..........................................................................................
b) Write the scale used to draw the graph.
X- Axis : .........................................
Y- Axis : .........................................
c) What type of motion is indicated in the graph?

..........................................................................................
d) Find out the displacement of the car in 4 s?
..........................................................................................
e) Find out the time taken to cover 40 m?
..........................................................................................
f) Write the velocity of the car at each time interval.
Time (s) 2 4 6 8 10
Velocity (m/s) ......... ......... ......... ......... .........

g) Draw the velocity-time graph of the car using appropriate scale.
Activity 2
Velocity- time graph of a freely falling stone is given below.
X - Axis : 1 cm = 1 s
Y - Axis : 1 cm = 10 m/s
velocity (m/s)
time (s)
a) Find the velocity of the stone in 3 s?
..........................................................................................................

b) At what time did the stone attain a velocity of 50 m/s?
..................................................................................................
c) Find the velocity of the stone at each time interval from the graph.
Time (s)
Velocity (m/s)
d) Re-draw the graph by using the completed table and by the given scale
X axis 1 cm = 2 s
Y axis 1 cm = 20 m/s
e) Compare the graph you have drawn and the graph given in the question. Write the relationship
between the scale and the size of the graph?

Activity – 3
Velocity time graph of an object is given below.

velocity (m/s)
time (s)
a) Find the initial velocity and final velocity of the object from the graph?
Initial velocity :
Final velocity :
b) Which portion of the graph indicates the uniform motion of the object?
c) At what time intervals does the object move with uniform acceleration?
d) What is the nature of motion of the object from C to D?

Unit 3 – Motion and Laws of Motion

Activity 1
 Newton’s first law of motion : Every object continues in its state of rest or of uniform
motion along a straight line unless an unbalanced external force acts on it.
 Inertia : Inertia is the inability of a body to change its state of rest or of uniform motion
along a straight line by itself.
Tabulate the given statements suitabily in the table.

1) Arrange some carrom board coins one on top of the other. Strike the bottom coin forcefully
with a striker then the lowest coin get displaced and all other coins remain stacked.
2) When a moving bus stops suddenly, the standing passengers tends to fall forward.
3) When a bus moves forward suddenly from rest, the standing passengers tends to fall back.
4) Dust in a carpet can be removed by beating the carpet with stick.
5) A running athlete cannot stop himself abruptly at the finishing line in a race.
6) When the branch of a mango tree is shaken, mangoes fall just as when the branch starts
moving.
Inertia of rest Inertia of motion
Activity – 2
Newton’s second law of motion
The rate of change of momentum of a body is directly proportional to the

unbalanced external force acting on it
F = ma

Impulse
Impulse of force is the product of the force and the time.
Impulse Force x time (F x t)
Impulse
Impulse m (v-u)
Impulse mv - mu
Impulse Change in momentum
Activity 3
When a force is applied on a body of mass 10 kg for a period of 4 s, the velocity of the body
changes from 6 m/s to 8 m/s.
a) What is the initial momentum of the body?
.........................................................................
b) What is the final momentum of the body?
.........................................................................
c) What is the change of momentum of the body?
.........................................................................
d) What is the rate of change of momentum of the body?
.......................................................
.......................................................
e) What is the force applied on the body?
.......................................................
.......................................................
f) What is the impulse experienced by the body?
.......................................................
.......................................................
g) What is the relation between impulse and change in momentum?
.......................................................

Activity 4
Newton’s third law of motion.
To every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.
Find out the action and reaction from the given situations.
1. When rowing a boat

Action : ...........................................................................
Reaction :............................................................................
2. A bullet is fired from a gun

Action : ...........................................................................
Reaction :............................................................................
3. A man jumps from a boat to the shore.

Action : ...........................................................................
Reaction :............................................................................
Activity 5
Law of conservation of momentum
In the absence of an external force, the total momentum of a system is a constant.
Observe the figure
a) Move the first marble slightly back and roll it forward. What happens?
............................................................................................................
b) Bring the two marbles together and let them roll. What happens?
............................................................................................................
c) Write the name of the law related to this phenomenon

............................................................................................................
d) Write the practical definition of the law.

............................................................................................................
............................................................................................................
............................................................................................................

Unit 4 - Gravitation
Activity 1
If the mass of the earth is M, R its radius and m is the

mass of an object placed on the surface of the earth.
The force of attraction between them is
Points A and C represents different positions on the

surface of the earth. Point B represents the centre of the earth.
a) At which point on the surface of earth does a body experience maximum weight?
b) At which point does the body experince zero weight?
c) Does the weight of an object increase or decrease as it moves from A to C?
d) What is the reason why the weight of objects vary in different places on the surface of the
earth why?
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
Activity 2
Weight of a body is the force with which the

earth attracts the body towards its centre.
a) Identify the figures and write down the usage

of each.
(a)
(b)

b) The reading shown by one of the above devices is always the same in different places of
earth’s surface.
Name the device?........................................................................
Justify your answer.......................................................................
c) What is the weight of an object of mass 50 kg on Earth and on the Moon?
(Value of g on Earth 9.8 m/s2, value of ‘g’ on moon = 1.62 m/s2)
Weight in earth :............................................................................
Weight in moon :............................................................................
Activity 3
The force of attraction between two objects with masses m1 and m2 at a distance is
a) If the distance between two objects of a given mass is halved, what is the change in force of
attraction between them?
b) Complete the table below
Mass of the bodies Distance between Mutual Force

m1(kg) m2(kg) the bodies (m) of attraction
(i)
12 5 2 G x .................
(ii)
50 .............. 5 G x 40
(iii)
.......... 15 0.5 G x 600

Activity 4
When a body is allowed to fall from a certain height, it falls to the earth due to the force of gravity.
This is free fall.
a) Write a situation from our daily life as an example for free fall.
.........................................................................................................................................................................
b) Why does an object experience weightlessness while freefall?
..........................................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................................
c) When one coin and a feather are dropped from a height at a place where there is no air.
Which object will reach the ground first?
..........................................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................................

Unit 5 - Work, Energy and Power

Activity 1
Work is said to be done only when a body undergoes displacement in the direction of the applied
force.
W = Fs
a) A force of 100 N is applied continuously on a body. If the body undergoes a displacement of
20 m. Find out the magnitude of the work done by the force?
.......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
b) An object resting on a floor is dragged, it is displaced in the direction of force applied. What
is the force that causes negative work, when it is dragged through the floor?
Activity 2
Energy is the capacity to do work
 Kinetic Energy – The energy possessed by a body by virtue of its motion.
 Potential Energy – The energy possessed by a body by virtue of its position.
 Law of conservation of Energy – Energy can neither be created nor destroyed.

Energy can only be transformed from one form to another.
a) Energy conversion in certain equipment when they are being operated are given in the
table. Complete the table.
Sl. No Equipment Energy transformation
1. Electric bulb Electrical Energy —> (i)..........................
2. Fan (ii)..................... —> Mechanical Energy
3 (iii)................................. Mechanical Energy —> Electrical Energy
4 Electric Iron box Electrical Energy —> (iv)...............................

b) The Potential Energy acquired by a coconut on the top of a coconut tree is due to its
position. Write down two other situations in which objects acquired potential energy.
(i) ......................................................................................................
(i) ......................................................................................................
c) A motorbike of mass 200 kg is moving with a velocity of 40 m/s. What will be its Kinetic
energy?

Unit 6 - Current Electricity

Activity 1
Ohm’s Law
When temperature remains constant, the current through a conductor is directly proportional
to the potential difference between its ends.
a) Complete the table below based on ohm’s Law.
Voltage (V) Current I Resistance R
20 (i).................. 5
(ii)................... 8 2
12 3 (iii)...................
b) Select the graph representing Ohm’s Law.
V V
(i) I (ii) I
.......................................................
V
(iii) I

Activity 2
Arrange the colums suitably
A B C
Resistance Ohm meter m
Electric charge Ampere 

Current Coulomb C
Resistivity Ohm A
A B C
Resistance
Electric charge
Current
Resistivity

Unit 7 – Wave Motion

Activity 1
Wave motion is the propagation of disturbances, produced in one part of a medium to the other
parts by the vibration of its particles.
Characteristics of waves
Amplitude a The maximum displacement of a particle from its mean position.
Wave length  The distance advanced by the wave by the time a particle
completes one vibration.
Period  Time taken for a particle in a medium to make one complete vibration.
Frequency  The number of vibrations in one second.
Speed of wave  The distance travelled by the wave in one second.
Observe the graph
A B C D E F G
displacement
distance (m)
The time taken by the wave to travel from A to G is 2 s.
a) What is the amplitude of the wave?
......................................................................
b) What is its wave length?
......................................................................

c) What is the speed of the wave?
d) What is the frequency of the wave?

Activity Card Chemistry Class :IX
CHEMISTRY
9
General Education Department Samagra Shiksha, Kerala S.C.E.R.T

UNIT - 1
STRUCTURE OF ATOM
Activity - 1
Bohr model is helpful in giving a lucid explanation to the features of an atom.

According to Bohr Model, the revolving paths traced by electrons are called orbits
(shells)
Main ideas of the Bohr Model are given. Fill in the blanks
 Electrons revolve around the nucleus of an atom in fixed paths called orbits or shells
 .....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
 .....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
 .....................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................
 The shell around the nucleus can be numbered from near to the nucleus as 1, 2, 3, 4,
5.............. or represented by the letters, K, L, M, N, O ............................

Activity : 2(a)
The total number of protons in an atom is called its Atomic number. The number of
electrons present in an atom is equal to the number of protons.
Sum of the number of protons and electrons in an atom is known as its Mass
number.
Complete the worksheet given below and answer the following questions
Elements Number of protons/ Atomic Number Mass

Number of electrons number of neutrons number
Lithium 3 3 4 7
Carbon 6 6 6 ……
Argon 18 ….. 22 ……
Sulphur 16 …… ……. 32
a. Mass number = Number of ____________+ Number of ____________
b. Number of neutrons = (Mass number) -(____________________)
c Atomic number of an atom is 17 and Mass number is 35. Complete the table
related to this element
Number of electrons
Number of protons
Number of neutrons

Activity 2(b)
Analyse the Bohr model of atom and complete the table
Atomic number
Mass number
Number of protons
Number of electrons
Number of neutrons
Electronic configuration
35
Symbol of chlorine is 17 Cl . Write the electronic configuration of chlorine and
draw the Bohr model of it.

Activity- 3
Isotopes
Atoms of the same element having the same atomic number but different mass
number are called isotopes.
a. Different isotopes of hydrogen are given below. Analyse them and complete the
table.
1 2
1 H 1 H 3
1 H
(Protium) (Deuterium) (Tritium)
Name of Atom Protium Deuterium Tritium
Number of protons
Number of neutrons
Number of electrons
Atomic number
Mass number
Which is the particle that differs in its number in these atom?
b. Complete the table
Isotopes Uses
Carbon-14
Deuterium
Iodine -131
Uranium -235

UNIT-2
CHEMICAL BONDING
Activity -1
The chemical bond formed as a result of the sharing of electrons between the
combining atoms is called a covalent bond.
Analyse the electron dot diagram of the formation of fluorine and oxygen molecules
and answer the following questions given below.
 Octet electronic configuration is acquired in this molecules
By electron transfer / By sharing of electrons
 How many electron pairs are shared among those molecules?
 By what name is this type of chemical bonding known as?
 Nitrogen molecule contains a triple bond. Complete the electron dot diagram
: NN:________
Activity – 2
The electronegativity values of some elements are given below
Element Electronegativity
Carbon 2.55
Oxygen 3.44
Sodium 0.93
Chlorine 3.16
Magnesium 1.31
Identify the type of chemical bond formed in the given compounds on the basis of
the electronegativity values of the elements present.
Hint: Generally, if the difference in electro negativity values of elements in a

compound is 1.7 or more, the compound generally shows ionic character
and if it is less than 1.7, the compound generally shows covalent character.
Compounds Difference in electronegativity Nature of

of constituent elements chemical bond
Carbon monoxide 3.44 -2.55 = 0.89 covalent bond
Sodium chloride
Magnesium oxide
Magnesium chloride
Carbon dioxide

Activity – 3
Ionic bond is a chemical bond formed by electron transfer. In an ionic bond,

the ions are held together by the electrostatic force of attraction between the
oppositely charged ions.
Analyse the electron dot diagram of the formation of sodium chloride molecule and
answer the following questions.
 Which atom donated the electron? How many?
 Which atom accepted the electron? How many?
 How are the atoms called after they get charged
 Complete the chemical equation related to the formation of sodium chloride
Na  ...............  ie
Cl 1e  ....................
 Positive ions are known as…………………………………………
 Negative ions are known as ………………………………………

UNIT-3
REDOX REACTIONS AND RATE OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS
Activity -1
Law of conservation of mass – In a chemical reaction mass is neither created nor destroyed
Balancing of equation: In chemical equation, equalising the number of atoms of each element
in molecules in the reactant side and that in the product side is called balancing of equation.
Analyse the given chemical equations and answer the following questions
(i ) S  O2  SO2
(ii ) H 2  I 2  HI
(iii ) A1  O2  Al2O3
(iv) CaCO3  CaO  CO2
 Tabulate the number of reactant atoms and that of product atoms in the
chemical equations given above
No Reactant atoms Product atoms
(i) S-1, O-2 S-1, O-2
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
 Balance the equations which are unbalanced

Activity -2
 The process in which the oxidation number increases is called oxidation
 The process in which the oxidation number decreases is called reduction.
 Reducing agent – The atom / substance which undergoes oxidation
 Oxidising agent – The atom / substance which undergoes Reduction
Analyse the following chemical equation and complete the table
2 Mg 0  O2 0  2 Mg 2  O 2 
The atom whose oxidation number is increased
The atom whose oxidation number is decreased
Oxidised atom
Reduced atom
Oxidising agent
Reducing agent
 Find out the oxidation number of Al in Al2O3

Activity -3
Have you read the content of text book page no.58? You may scan QR code in
page no.58 in the text book and watch the video for more clarity. Write the procedure of
the experiment to prove the influence of temperature on the rate of reaction. Write down
your observation also.
Procedure
Observation

UNIT - 4
PERIODIC TABLE
Activity -1
Dobereiner Newlands
Lavoisier Hentry Mosely Mendeleev
 The table given below lists the contributions and names of scientists who made
earlier attempts in the classification of elements.
Fill in the blanks
Contribution / Findings Name of Scientist
Law of octaves —————————
—————————————— Lavoisier
—————————————— Dobereiner
Morden periodic law —————————
 Similar elements are placed in the same group in mendeleev’s periodic table. This
is one of the merits of mendeleev’s periodic table. Write any two other merits of
Mendeleev’s periodic table.
Merits:

Activity -3
Period number = Number of shells
Number of electrons in the Group number

Outermost shell
1 1
2 2
3 3+10=13
4 4+10=14
5 5+10=15
6 6+10=16
7 7+10=17
8 8+10=18

 Analyse the following bohr model of an atom and complete the table
Electronic configuration
Period number
Group number
Family
Electronic configuration of noble gas

belonging to same period
Electronic configuration of second

period element belonging to same group
Identify the position of transition elements in the periodic table. Write any two
characteristics of transition elements .
1……………………………………………………………………………….
2……………………………………………………………………………..

Activity -3
 On moving from left to right along a period , size of an atom decreases
 As the size of an atom decreases, ionization energy increases.
 As the size of an atom decreases electro negativity increases.
Electronic configuration of a few elements are given (symbols are not real). Analyse them
and fill the following table
Element Electronic configuration
P 2, 8, 7
Q 2, 8, 8
R 2, 8, 1
The period in which these

elements belong
Biggest element
Element having the highest ionization energy
Element having the highest electro negativity
Stable element

UNIT - 5
Acids, Bases and Salts
Activity – 1
Some activities are described in the following table. Analyse it and complete the
table.
Activity Observation Inference
2ml of vinegar is
taken in a test tube.
Dip a blue litmns paper
in it.
Take some calcium

carbonate in a boiling
tube, add dilute
hydrochloric acid to it.
Take some water

in a beaker, add
some quick lime
(calcium oxide) and stir it.
Add a drop of red litmus
solution in it
Hint: Blue litmus paper can be made by rubbing the petals of shoe flower on a paper
 Egg shells can be used as calcium carbonate
 Lime juice or vinegar can be used instead of hydrochloric acid

Activity - 2
CO2, SO2, and NO2 are nonmetallic oxides. Generally, compounds formed by the
reaction of nonmetallic oxides with water are acidic in nature.
In industrial areas and townships environmental problems like acid rain occurs.
Write a short note on acid rain and the problems arising from it.
Activity - 3
Neutralisation is the process in which an acid and an alkali react with each other to
from salt and water. Salts contain positive ions and negative ions. They dissociate
into ions when dissolved in water.
 Complete the chemical equations given below.
NaOH  HCl  NaCl  _________


______________  NH 4   C1 
Ca3 ( PO4 ) 2  _________  _________

 The symbols of some positive and negative ions are given in the table. Analyse the
table and find the chemical formaulae of the salts given
Name of positive ions symbols Name of negative ions Symbols
Potassium ion K Hydroxide ion OH 
Sodium ion Na  Carbonate ion CO 32 
Calcium ion Ca 2 Nitrate ion NO 3
Ammonium ion NH 4 Sulphate ion SO 2 4
(i) Potassium nitrate
(ii) Calcium hydroxide
(iii) Ammonium sulphate

UNIT - 6
NON METALS
Activity -1
Some chemicals and apparatus are given in the box. Analyse this and complete
the worksheet given below.
Test tube, potassium permanganate, zinc, dilute HCl,

spirit lamp, moisture free boiling tube, match box , stand
a. Hydrogen
Chemicals and apparatus required
Procedure
b. Oxygen
Chemicals and apparatus required
Procedure

Activity – 2
Displacement reaction /Substitution reaction
An element in a compound is displaced by another element is called displacement

reaction / substitution reaction.
Example : Zn  2 HCl  ZnCl2  H 2
Combination reaction
The reaction in which two or more simple substances combine to form a compound
is called combination reaction
Example : 2 H 2  O2  2 H 2O  Heat
Decomposition reaction
Decomposition is the process of forming two or more products due to the

decomposition of a compound
Example : 2 NaCl  2 Na  Cl2
Double decomposition
Double decomposition is a reaction in which two compounds when react with each
other, interchange their ions to form two new compounds
Example : BaCl2  H 2 SO4  BaSO4  2 HCl

Some chemical equations are given in the box. Classify them and tabulate.
Zn  CuSO4  ZnSO4  Cu
KCl  AgNO3  AgCl  KNO3
2KClO3  2KCl  3O2
N 2  3H 2  2 NH 3
2 H 2 O2  2 H 2 O  O2
CaO  H 2O  Ca (OH ) 2
CH 4  Cl 2  CH 3 C l  HC l
NaOH  NH 4Cl  NaCl  NH 4OH
Displacement Combination Decomposition Double

reaction reaction reaction decomposition

Activity - 3
The arrangement of apparatus used for the preparation of chlorine in laboratory is

shown below.
Analyse the figure and answer the following questions
Reactants used
Why is chlorine gas

passed through water?
Which is the substance used

to remove water vapour formed
along with chlorine
The colour of chlorine gas
Which is the solution used

to identify chloride salts?
Bleaching of chlorine is an oxidation

reaction. Give reason
Which is the substance formed

when dry chlorine gas is
passed through dry slaked lime

UNIT - 7
THE WORLD OF CARBON
Activity -1
a. List out the characteristic properties of graphite and diamond from the properties
given in the box.
High thermal conductivity, Grey in colour, conductor of electricity, Non volatile,

very hard, High refractive index.
Diamond Graphite
b. One use each of diamond and graphite are given. Identify the characteristics used
here.
i. Graphite is used to make pencil lead.
……………………………………………………………
ii. Diamond is used for cutting glass
………………………………………………………….

Activity – 2
a. Name the process by which carbon dioxide is utilised by plants?
………………………………………………………………
b. What are the activities in which the amount of carbon dioxide in the air is
increased?
c. Write a short note on the problems related to the tremendous increase in the
amount of CO2 in the atmosphere and its remedial measures

BIOLOGY
9

Activity Card BIOLOGY Class: 9
UNIT 1
PROTECTORS OF BIOSPHERE
Concept area – Structure of chloroplast
Activity-1
Analyse the description and illustration given below and answer the questions.
In plants photosynthesis takes place in chloroplast. Stroma is the fluid part which is
seen inside the double membrane of chloroplast. Grana is the pack of membraneous
sacs seen inside the chloroplast. Grana contain pigments like Chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b,
carotene and xanthophyll which can absorb sunlight.
However, only chlorophyll a can participate directly in photosynthesis. All other pigments
absorb light and transfer it to chlorophyll a. Hence chlorophyll b, carotene and
Xanthophyll are called accessory pigments.
Stroma
Grana
Double membrane
a) Identify the following parts and label them in the figure of chloroplast given below.
(i) Part of the chloroplast where pigments are present.
(ii) Fluid part of the chloroplast.
b) All pigments present in the chloroplast can absorb sunlight and can participate
directly in photosynthesis.
What is your opinion on this statement?

Concept area –The Chemistry of Photosynthesis
Activity-2
Analyse the description and arrange the given concepts suitably in the table given below:
Photosynthesis which takes place in the chloroplast has two phases. Light phase,
that takes place in Grana and dark phase , that takes place in Stroma.In Light phase
light is used. But for dark phase, light is not required. During light phase water splits
and oxygen is released, hydrogen reaches stroma. In this phase Light energy is
converted to chemical energy and is stored in ATP. During dark phase, energy in ATP
is used to combine hydrogen and carbon dioxide to produce glucose.
 Light is not used.  Glucose is produced

 ATP is Utilized  Light is used.
 Oxygen is released  ATP is formed
 Takes place in Grana  Takes place in Stroma
Light Phase Dark Phase
 ........................  .......................
 ........................  ........................
 ........................  ........................
 ........................  ........................
Concept area- Storage of food in plants
Activity-3
Analyse the description given below and answer the questions related to the storage food in
plants
Glucose produced as a result of photosynthesis is easily soluble in water so it cannot

be stored in plant body .Therefore, they store glucose in the form of insoluble starch in
leaves. Plants utilise starch as a source of energy for life activities and to prepare
substances required for growth. Starch is later converted to sucrose and is transported
through phloem to various plant parts. Glucose undergo chemical changes and is
converted to various other nutrients. The stored food is starchin tubers, protein in
legumes, fat in oil seeds, fructose in fruits, and sucrose in sugarcane.

a What is your scientific explanation to the child’s doubt?
If glucose formed as a
result of photosynthesis is
easly soluble in water, can
plants store glucose ?
b Connect the contents given in column A appropriately with the plant parts shown in
colum B using arrow marks.
A B
Stored form of glucose Plant part
sucrose
Protein
starch
fat
fructose

UNIT 2
FOOD THROUGH DIGESTIVE TRACT
Concept area: Human digestive system

Activity-4
The food we eat is not
absorbed as such to the body.
Then how these are absorbed
to the body .
What reply can you give to the child's doubt? You know that
the food we eat is converted to simple absorbable form. This
process is called digestion. This process takes place in the
digestive sytem. The following parts are included in the human
digestive system.
• Mouth • Small intestine
• Oesophsgus • Large intestine
• Stomach • Rectum
• Duodenum • Anus
a) Identify the parts labelled in the illustration and write their names in the box

b) Complete the flow chart indicating the path of food through the digestive tract
Mouth Duodenum
Anus
Concept Area- Structure of tooth
Activity-5
You know that digestion of food starts in the mouth . Teeth help to masticate food .
Different types of teeth are present in human beings.
Incisor Premolar
Helps to bite and cut the food Helps to grind and chew the
food
Canine Molar
Helps to tear food Helps to grind and chew

the food
Knowing the different functions of teeth help to understand why teeth differ in external
structure. Let us examine if the teeth varying in their morphology show similarities in their
internal structure?
Enamel: White colour, hardest part, dead tissue
Dentine : Living tissue which forms the teeth
Pulp: Soft connective tissue seen in the pulp

cavity; blood vessels , lymph ducts and nerve
fibres are seen
Cementum: Calcium containing connective tis-

sue that holds the tooth in the socket of the gum
Molars Canine

a) Make suitable pairs using the information given in the box.
Premolars, incisor, molar, canine helps to bite and cut the food, helps to tear
the food, helps to grind and chew the food
Model : Premolar- Helps to grind and chew the food

i. ….….........................................................................................................
ii. ….….........................................................................................................
iii. ….….........................................................................................................
b) Identify the parts given below and label them on the diagram writing their names
a) Calcium containing connective tissue
b) Living tissue which forms the tooth .
c) Dead and hardest part
Concept area - Food through the digestive tract

Activity-6
Analyse the reading card and the table and answer the questions.
The digestion of complex nutrients like starch, protein, fat etc in the food we
eat, gets completed due to various processes that takes place at different
parts of the digestive system. Numerous digestive juices are involved in these
processes. Various enzymes present in these digestive juices help in the
digestion of each nutrient.

Analyse the table inorder to get idea about digestion of starch, protein, fat etc at different
parts of the digestive system
Digestive Digestion of nutrients

Part
juice Starch Protein Fat
Saliva Converts starch partially

Mouth No digestion No digestion
to maltose
Converts pro-
Stomach Gastric juice No digestion tein partially to Digests fat
peptone partially
Converts protein Converts fat

Convert starch partially
Duodenum Pancreatic partially to pep- into fatty acid
juice to maltose
tide and glycerol
Converts maltose and
Intestinal other carbohydrates to Converts
Small peptides to No digestion
intestine juice their simple forms like
glucose, fructose and aminoacids
galactose
a) What are the nutrients which undergo digestion?

...............................................................................................................
b) Name the parts where the digestion of the nutrients given below occur?
i) Starch : .........................................................................................
ii) Protein : .........................................................................................
iii) Fat : .........................................................................................
c) Complete the table using the information given in the box.
Fatty acid, glucose, fructose, galactose, amino acids, Glycerol
Nutrients Simpler components
Starch
Protein
Fat

UNIT 3
SIMPLE NUTRIENTS INTO CELLS.
Concept Area: Blood Plasma

Activity-7
Analyse the following reading card and answer the questions.
BLOOD PLASMA
Plasma is the fluid part of blood. It is pale yellow coloured and constitutes 55% of
blood. Blood cells are found in the plasma. 90-92% of plasma is water. 7-8% are
Plasma Proteins. They are Albumin, Globulin, and Fibrinogen. Albumin regulates
blood pressure, Globulin Helps in defence, and Fibrinogen plays a major role in the
coagulation of blood. Other factors like fat, salts, urea, sugar, hormones etc. are also
found in the plasma. The simpler molecules formed as a result of digestion, namely
glucose, amino acids, fatty acids, glycerol etc.,reach cells through the plasma.
a) List out the components conducted through plasma.
b Complete the table.
Plasma Protein Function

Concept Area: Human Heart
Activity-8
Figure showing the longitudinal section of the heart is given below.
Analyse the description and diagram and answer the questions.
Aorta
Pulmonary Artey
Pulmonary
Left Atrium
Bicuspid valve
Right Atrium Aortic valve
Pulmonary valve
Tricuspid valve
Right Ventricle
Left Ventricle
Venacava
Human heart works relentlessly like a pump, and blood flows through blood vessels
continuously in all directions. The upper chambers of the heart are left atrium and right
atrium. Lower chambers are left and right ventricles. The blood vessels carry blood to
the heart chambers and vice versa. There are valves between heart chambers and
blood vessels. Valves prevent the backward flow of blood.
a) Complete the table.

Name of
Position Function
valve
Bicuspid valve Between Left Atrium and Left ............................................................................................
ventricle. ............................................................................................
Tricuspid valve .................................................................. Prevents the backward flow of
..................................................................
blood from Right ventricle to right
atrium
Aortic valve In between Aorta and left ..................................................................
ventricle. ..................................................................
Prevents the backward flow of

Pulmonary ..................................................................
blood from pulmonary artery to
valve ..................................................................
right ventricle.

b Complete the illustration by writing down the missing terms.
Venacavae Pulmonary veins
Right Atrium i
ii Left Ventricle
iii iv
Concept Area: Double Circulation.
Activity-9
Complete the Flow chart by analysing the illustration and description.
Venacavae
Pulmonary veins
Right Atrium Left Atrium
Different
parts of the Right ventricle Left ventricle
body
Lungs
Aorta
Pulmonary Artery

The heart beats continuously with a rhythm. When blood flows from the heart to
different parts of the body and vice versa, it passes twice through the chambers of
the heart. Hence the circulation of blood in humans is said to be double circulation.
Double circulation includes systemic circulation and pulmonary circulation. Systemic

circulation starts from the left ventricle and ends in the right atrium. The circulation
which starts from the right ventricle and ends in the left atrium is called pulmonary
circulation.
Systemic Circulation
Different
parts of Left
the body Ventricle
Right Lungs
Ventricle
Pulmonary Circulation
Concept Area: Transportation in Plants
Activity-10
Analyze the reading passage and complete the activities.
Xylem and Phloem are the vascular tissues in plants. Vascular tissues in plants extend
from the roots to leaves, in an interconnected manner. The water and salts that roots
absorb from the soil reach the leaves through xylem. Phloem Conducts food molecules
prepared in the leaf into different parts of the plant.
Water reach the leaves and other parts of the plant through the xylem due to the combined
action of many processes. Osmosis, Transpiration, Root pressure, Cohesion, and
Adhesion are important among them.
Transpiration reduces the pressure in the cells of leaves. In order to compensate this
pressure difference, water enters these cells from adjacent cells through osmosis. The
transpiration pull developed due to transpiration helps to carry water to the top. Cohesion
is the capacity of the water molecules to stick to themselves and adhesion is the capacity
of water molecules to stick to the walls of the vessel and together they help in the
upward movement of the water. Along with these, the root pressure developed due to
the absorption of water by root hairs also help in the smooth raising of water.

a Complete the table.
Vascular Tissue Function
Transports water
Phloem
b Write short notes on the following.
i Transpiration pull
...............................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
ii Root Pressure
...............................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
iii Cohesion
...............................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
iv Adhesion
...............................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
UNIT : 4
BREATHING FOR ENERGY
Concept area : Human respiratory system
Activity-11
Energy is required to do any work. This energy is released in the cells. Oxygen is
needed to release the energy. The respiratory system helps to take oxygen from the
atmospheric air into the body.
The following is the illustration showing the parts of the respiratory system and its peculi-
arity and function. Observe the illustration and answer the questions.
Nostril Pleura
An opening through which air passes The double layered protective
in and out of the body. membrane of the lungs. Pleural
fluid seen in between the mem-
braneous layers prevents friction
Nasal cavity between lungs and walls of the
The cavity which connects the nos- thoracic cavity.
trils with the pharynx.
Trachea (Wind Pipe) Bronchus

A long tube strengthened by ‘C’ Branches of trachea
shaped cartilaginous rings. Cartilagi- which enter the lungs,
nous rings help trachea to remain supported by cartilagi-
open always. nous bronchial rings.
Bronchiole
The terminal branches of bronchi that
open to the alveoli. There are no Diaphragm
cartilaginous rings in the bronchioles. The muscular wall that sepa-
rates the thoracic and abdomi-
Alveoli nal cavities.
Delicate air sacs,elastic in nature, seen
at the tip of bronchioles. These air sacs
are surrounded by a large number of
capillaries. The exchange of gases
takes place here.

a) Complete the table.
Parts of the respiratory system Peculiarity / Function
Nostril
Nasal cavity
Bronchus
Bronchiole
Diaphragm
b) The exchange of gases takes place in the alveoli. To what extent is the structure of
alveoli suitable for this?
c) Respiratory tract is the pathway of atmospheric air from the nostrils to

the alveoli.
Complete the illustration showing the pathway of air.
Atmospheric Air Nostrils
Alveoli

Concept area: Breathing process - Inspiration, Expiration.

Activity -12
Observe the illustration and complete the table given below.
The basis of respiratory movements is the expansion and contraction of the thoracic
cavity. The illustruation given below shows the mechanisms that facilitate this re-
peated rhythmic action.
Inspiration Expiration
Ribs raise due to Ribs lower due to
the contraction of the relaxation of
intercostal muscles intercostal
muscles
Diaphragm Diaphragm
contracts relaxes
Volume of the thoracic cavity Volume of the thoracic cavity

increases. The pressure in the decreases. The pressure in
thoracic cavity becomes lower the thoracic cavity becomes
than the atmospheric pressure. greater than the atmospheric
Air enters in. pressure. Air is expelled out.
Inspiration Expiration
.......................................... Diaphragm ..........................................

.......................................... Ribs ..........................................
.......................................... Volume in the thoracic cavity ..........................................
.......................................... Pressure in the thoracic cavity ..........................................
.......................................... Air ..........................................

Concept raea : Smoking and its ill-effects

Activity-13
School health club conducted a seminar in order to develop a positive attitude
in children against smoking. A few slides presented by the pulmonologist in
the seminar is given.
Observe the given slides and answer the questions.
Lung Cancer Lung Cancer
Carcinogens present in tobacco

cause lung cancer.
Normal lungs Lungs affected

by cancer
Slide 1 Slide 2
Emphysema Emphysema
Alveoli rupture due to the loss
of elasticity, by the deposition
of toxic substances contained
in tobacco. This reduces the Normal Alveoli affected
alveoli by emphysema
respiratory surface and reduces
vital capacity. Slide 3 Slide 4
Bronchitis
Bronchitis
The tar, carbon monoxide, etc.,
in tobacco leads to the deposi- Normal
tion of mucus and the swelling bronchioles
of lungs due to the proliferation
Affected
of germs in the alveoli. bronchioles
Slide 5 Slide 6
a) What are the respiratory disorders caused by smoking?
............................

A person who was addicted to smoking consulted a doctor after experiencing a fre-
quent cough with sputum and difficulty in breathing. After examining the patient, the
doctor diagnosed the disease as bronchitis
What is bronchitis?What causes this disease in smokers?

UNIT 5
EXCETION FOR HOMEOSTASIS
Concept Area- Kidneys and related parts
Activity-14
Analyse the diagram and the note given below and complete the illustration
Renal artery
Kidney
Renal vein
Ureter
Urinary bladder
Urethra
 Human beings have a pair of kidneys.

 They are bean-shaped and are located in the abdominal cavity on either side
of the vertebral column
 Renal artery which is a branch of aorta brings blood to the kidneys
 The filtered blood reaches the venacava through renal vein
 Urine formed in the kidneys reaches the urinary bladder through the uereters
and is expelled out through the urethra.
Blood vessel which

Position shape brings blood
a) ....................... b) ......................
tubule which carry Kidneys

Blood vessel which carry
urine to the urinary blood out side the kidneys
bladder
d) .......................
c) .......................

Concept: Internal structure of Kidney

Activity 15
Analyse the description given below and answer the questions.
 The light coloured outer part of the kidney is cortex. Ultra filters of the nephrons
are found here.
 The dark coloured inner part of the kidney is medulla. Long tubules of nephrons
are found here
 The funnel shaped part of the ureter is pelvis. Urine from the filters flows into
pelvis.
a) Identify the parts given below and label them in the diagram indicating their names.
i Part where ultrafilters of nephron are seen
ii Region where urine from the filters flows into.
iii Part where long tubules of the nephrons are found.
iv Part which carry urine to the urinary bladder
Activity-16
Analyse the descripton and answer the questions
 Each kidney is comprised of about 12 lakh ultrafilters.These are called nephrons.

 Nephrons are the basic structural and functional units of kidneys
 Bowmann's capsule- The double walled cup shaped structure at one end of the
nephron. The space between the two walls is called capsular space.

 Renal tubule- The long tubule which connects the Bowmann’s capsule and the
collecting duct.
 Collecting duct- The part where the renal tubules enter.
 Afferent vessel- The branch of the renal artery which enters the Bowmann's
capsule.
 Glomerulus- The region where afferent vesssel enters the Bowmanns
capsule and splits into minute capillaries.
 Efferent vessel- The blood vessel that comes out of the Bowmann’s capsule.
 Peritubular capillaries-Blood capillaries seen around the renal tubules as the
continuation of the efferent vessel.
Observe the illustration and answer the questions given below:
A)
B)
C)
D)
a) Identify the figure

b) Identify the parts labelled as A, B, C and D.
A. .................................
B. .................................
C. ..................................
D. ..................................

UNIT 6
THE BIOLOGY OF MOVEMENT
Concept area - Importance of exercise
Activity-17
Analyse the description given below and answer the questions
Excercise increases the blood circulation through out the body . At the same time
it makes the cardiac muscles strong. Stored fat is broken down and thereby obesity
is reduced. As the body sweats more , waste is eliminated through sweat.
Exercise makes the exchange of respiratory gases more efective and increases
the vital capacity. More capillaries are formed in the muscles and increases the
efficiency of muscles.
How does exercise become beneficial for the health of the organ systems given below?
a) Respiratory system: .........................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................
b) Circulatory system: ................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................
Concept Area- Different Types Of Muscles

Activity-18
Analyse the description and figures and answer the questions
Muscular tissue is one of the basic tissues seen in animals. They have the capacity
to contract and relax. The main function of the muscles is to provide strength and
also to enable body movements. Muscles are classified as Skeletal muscles, Cardiac
muscles and Smooth muscles. Muscles seen attached to bones are called Skeletal
muscles or striated muscles. They have cylindrical cells, have striations and make
voluntary movements possible. Smooth muscles have spindle shaped cells, do not
have striations and make involuntary movements possible.

They are seen in internal organs like stomach, small intestine and in blood vessels.
Muscles seen in the walls of the heart are called cardiac muscles. They have
branched cells, striations are seen and make involuntary movements possible.
Skeletal muscles Smooth muscles Cardiac muscles.
Tablulate the following giving suitable heading
 Seen in the walls of the heart
 Spindle shaped cells
 Seen attached to bones
 No striations
 Enables voluntary movements
 Branched cells

Concept Area: Different Types of Joints

Activity-19
Analyse the illustration and answer the questions
Pivot joint
Enables
movements
Hinge joint
around the axis
Enables movement in
one direction only
Ball and socket

joint
Globular tip of the
bone is attached
to a cup shaped Gliding joint
socket. The flattened surface of
the two bones which
glide each other enables
slipping type movement
Part where the

Name of the joint Peculiarities
joint is present
Elbow
First vertebra of
the vertebral
column
Shoulder bone

UNIT 7
DIVISION FOR GROWTH AND REPRODUCTION.
Concept Area: Cell Cycle
Activity-20
Analyse the illustration and description given below, and answer the questions.
Cell Division
Growth begins from the single cell called zygote. A cell attains its complete growth
during interphase (Preparatory phase). A fully grown cell undergoes division and
becomes daughter cells. As the interphase and the division phase get repeated in a
cyclic manner, they together constitute the cell cycle. Growth of the body is brought
about by cell division and cell growth. There are two types of cell division - mitosis and
meiosis.
Mitosis
Type of cell division that helps in the growth of the body.
There is no change in the number of Chromosomes..
Karyokinesis Cytokinesis
Division of Nucleus Division of Cytoplasm
Chromatin reticulum condensed to form chromosomes.

Prophase Chromosomes duplicate.
Nucleolus and nuclear membrane disappear.
Spindle fibres arise from the centrioles.
Metaphase
Chromosomes get arranged at the centre of the cell in a single row .

Spindle fibres get attached to the centromere of the chromosome.
Chomatids separate.
Anaphase Chromatids move to each pole of the cell.
Chromatids transform to daughter chromosomes at each pole.
Nucleous and nuclear membrane reappear.

Telophase Daughter nuclei are formed.
Chromosomes become chromatin reticulum.

a) List the major events that take place during Interphase.
b) Identify the phase in the division of nucleus in which the following events take place.
i) Daughter chromosomes are formed.

ii) Chromosomes get arranged in a row
at the centre of the cell.
iii) Spindle fibres arise.
iv) Daughter nuclei are formed.
c) Find the correct sequence in connection with division of nucleus.
i) Anaphase Telophase Prophase Metaphase
ii) Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase
iii) Prophase Metaphase Telophase Anaphase
Concept Area: Types of Cell division - Comparison
Activity-21
Compare Mitosis and Meiosis with the help of reading card and complete the table.
Meiosis
• Meiosis occurs in the germinal cells of the reproductive organs.

• It helps in the formation of gametes.
• During meiosis a cell divides twice continuously.
• These divisions are known as Meiosis I and Meiosis II respectively.
• Meiosis II is similar to mitosis.

Mitosis Meiosis
In which kind of cell does it take place?
Somatic cells Germinal cells
The change in the number of chromosome
Number of daughter cells.
Importance
Concept Area: Division of Cytoplasm.

Activity: 22
Analyse the illustration , compare the division of cytoplasm in animal
cell and plant cell and prepare a short note.
Animal cell Cytokinesis Plant cell
Small vesicles formed between the

The plasma membrane daughter nuclei join together to form cell
invaginates at the centre plate. The cell plate extends to both
of the cell. The cell sides and joins with the plasma
divides and daughter membrane and daughter cells are
cells are formed. formed
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................

MATHEMATICS
9

Activity Card Mathematics Class : 9
Unit -1
Area
Activity 1
Look at the triangle given below.
C
A B
D
8
In the figure AB = 8 cm
CD = 6 cm
Find the area of the triangle.
Activity 2
A line is drawn through the vertex A parallel to the base of the triangle ABC.
Write the length of PQ (distance between parallel lines)
In this way, how many triangles of same area can be drawn?
PQ = cm
AM = cm
BC = cm
Area of the triangle ABC sq. cm
A P
B M C Q
8

A D P
B M C Q
8
What is the area of the triangle BCD?
Draw another triangle of the same area.
How many such triangles can be drawn?
What are the general properties of these triangels?
Activity 3
Now find the answers of problems given below.
1. In the figure , the length of sides of rectangle ABCD are 10 cm and 6 cm.
a) What is the area of the rectangle? A M
D
b) What is the area of the triangle BCM? 6
B C
Activity 4 10
Draw a triangle with same area of the
triangle given in the figure.
(Hint : Draw a line parallel to QR through P).
P
Q R

Activity 5 C
Look at the figure

The heights of the triangle ADC
and triangle BDC are 6
6 centimeters each.
A M D B
5 5
Area of the triangle ADC 1  5  6  15 sq. cm

2
Area of the triangle BDC 1

 5  6  15 sq. cm
2
Ratio of areas of these triangles
15 : 15 = 1 : 1
Ratio in which CD divides AB is 5 : 5 = 1 : 1
That is, a line CD drawn from the vertex C to its opposite side divides the side and the
area of the triangle in the same ratio.
Look at the picture below. C
A M D B
6 4
Area of the triangle ADC
Area of the triangle BDC

Ratio of areas of these triangles
Ratio in which CD divides AB
Activity 6
See the problem
D
42 sq. cm 14 sq. cm
C
M
A 28 sq. cm
The ratio of areas of triangles lies above the diagonal AC of the quadrilateral on the
figure.
= 42 : 14
= 3:1
If MC= 7 cm, then
AM = cm
What is the area of triangle AMB?
If DM = 5 cm, then
BM = cm

Activity 7
Have you observed the given quadrilateral? Shall we draw a triangle with same area of
this quadrilateral?
Step 1
Draw diagonal AC and divide the quadrilateral into two triangles.
Step 2
Draw a line through D, parallel to AC.
Step 3
Draw another triangle with base AC and same area of triangle ADC.
In which context, the newly drawn triangle and triangle ABC joins to get a large triangle?
(Hint : Extend the side BC of the quadrilateral)
C
A
Draw a quadrilateral on a paper and draw a triangle with same area.

Unit -2
Decimal Forms
Activity 1
Write the fractions below in decimal form:
Fraction Write the denominator Make the Fraction with Decimal

as the product of prime denominator denominator as form
factors 2 and 5 as the power of 10 power of 10
13 13 13  5 65
0.65
20 2 25 2 25 5 100
2 2
25 5 5
3 3
4 2 2
1 1 5  5  5
8 2 2 2  5 5 5
7 7
40 2 2 25
21 21 2  2  2
125 5 5 5 2 2 2

Activity 2
1 1 1
To find the decimal form of   a method is given below:
2 2 2 23
1 1 5 5
   0.5
2 2  5 10
1 1  52 25
2
 2 2   0.25
2 2  5 100
1 1 53 125
3
 3 3  0.125
2 2  5 1000
1 1 1 5 25 125
 2 3     0.5  0.25  0.125  0.875
2 2 2 10 100 1000
1 1 1
Like this, find the decimal form of  
5 52 53
1 1 2 2
   0.2
5 5  2 10
1 1 22
  ....................  .......................
52 52  2 2
1
 ....................  .......................  .......................
53
1 1 1
   ....................  .......................  .......................  .......................
5 52 53

Activity 3
1
To find the decimal form of a method is given below:
3
1 1 10 1  1  3 1 1 3 1
   3    
3 10 3 10  3  10 30 3 10 30
1 1 100 1  1  33 1 1 33 1
    33      
3 100 3 100  3  100 300 3 100 300
1 1 1000 1  1  333 1 1 333 1

    333      
3 1000 3 1000  3  1000 3000 3 1000 3000
Summarizing,
3 33 333 1
the fractions, , , get closer and closer to
10 100 1000 3
1
Hence the fractions with decimal forms 0.3, 0.33, 0.333 ... get closer and closer to
3
1
We write this fact in short as = 0.333 ...
3
1
Like this, find the decimal form of
9
1 1 10 1  1  1 1 1 1 1
   1      
9 10 9 10  9  10 90 9 10 90
1 1 100 1  1  11 1 1 11 1
   11      
9 100 9 100  9  100 900 9 100 900

1
 ............
9
Activity 4
Write the results of the operations below as decimals:
1 2 3
1. 0.111... + 0.222...= 0.111... + 0.222...=    0.333...
9 9 9
3 6
2. 0.333... + 0.666...= 0.333... + 0.666...=   ...........
9 9
2
3
3. (0.333...) = 2
(0.333...) =    ..............
2
9
4 2
4. 0.444..... 0.444.....    ..................
9 3

Unit -3
Pairs of Equations
One day while Raju and Radha were walking, noticed some sheep and shepherds are
there near the meadow. After a while Radha asked to Raju that if there are 56 legs and 16 heads
in total, how many sheep and shepherds are there ? After thinking a while, Raju answered the
question. What is the answer? Can you say? How did Raju fidn the answer? Try yourself.
Activity 1
The price of a book and a pen together is 63 rupees. The price of a book and 5 pens is 75
rupees. What is the price of each?
price of a book + price of a pen = 63
price of a book + price of 5 pens = 75
Here the excess amount is the price of 4 pens.
price of 4 pens = ........ - .......
= .........
Price of a pen = ......
Price of a book = 63 - .....
= ........
We could easily solve this problem. Can we solve the problem of sheep and shepherds
like this ? How ?
How do we understand this problem?
As we know, total number of heads = 16, share minimum 2 legs (common to both sheep
and shephered) to these 16 heads. Now total 16 x 2 = 32 legs are shared.
Total legs – 32 = 56 – 32 = 24 legs.
Do you know, whose legs these remaining 24 legs are ?
Yes. These 24 legs are for the sheep. Already we shared 2 legs to each. So we have to
share 2 more legs to each sheep. In this way we can share this 24 legs to 12 sheep.
Total 16 heads. 12 sheep have 12 heads. So the remaining 4 heads (16 -12 ) are the
heads of shepherds.
No of sheep = 12
No of shepherds = 4

Activity 2
Sum of two numbers is 15, their difference is 7. What are the numbers ?
Let the numbers be x, y
Sum = 15
x+y = .....
Difference =7
x-y = ......
(x + y) + (x-y) = .....
2x = ......
x = .......
y = .......
Numbers ...... , .......
Activity 3
The price of 3 note books and 5 pens together is 75 rupees. The price of 3 note books
and 10 pens together is 90 rupees. What is the price of a note book ? What is the price of a pen?
Let the price of a note book = x
Price of a pen = y
The price of 3 note books and 5 pens together is 75 rupees ...... + .... = 75
That is ....... x + ...... y = 75
The price of 3 note books and 10 pens together is 90 rupees .... + .... = 90
That is ....... x + ...... y = 90
The increase is due to 5 extra pens , 5y = ......
y = ........
Price of a pen =
Total price of 3 notebooks and 5 pen is 75 rupees
Price of 5 pen is 15 rupees
Price of 3 notebooks =
Price of a note book =

Activity 5
Sum of digits of a two digit number is 11. If the digits are interchanged the number so got
is 27 more than it. Find the numbers ?
Let the number be xy
Sum of digits = 11
That is ........... + ........... = 11
number = 10x + y
If the digits are interchanged
The number so obtained = ...........
Difference in numbers = 27
............ _ (10x +y) = 27
........... y _ ........... x = 27
On simplification, y _ x = ...........
x = ...........
y = ...........
Number = ...........

Unit - 4
New Numbers
Activity 1
In the table, fractions closer to 2 and 3 are given. Write fractions closer to other
given new numbers and complete the table.
2 1.4 1.41 1.414
3 1.7 1.73 1.732
2 2
2 3
3 2
3 3
2+ 3
3_ 2
3 2 3
2 32
3 3 1

Activity 2
Two familiar triangles are given below.
300
450
2 2
1 3
450 600
1 1
The sides of right triangles are calculated. Using this, calculate the perimeter of the
triangles given below.
BAD = ..............................
CAD = ..............................
A
AB = .............................. cm
BD = .............................. cm
1
30
0
30 0
CD = .............................. cm
B C
D BC = .............................. cm
AC = .............................. cm
Find the perimeter of triangle ABC
R PRS = ..............................
QRS = ..............................
2
RS = .............................. cm
45
0
300 PS = .............................. cm
P Q QS = .............................. cm
S
PR = .............................. cm
PQ = .............................. cm
Find the perimeter of triangle PQR.

Unit - 5
Circles
Activity 1
We know that the perpendicular from the centre of the circle to the chord bisects the
chord. That is in the figure if the length of chord AB is 8 cm, then AM = 4 cm. If the diameter
of the circle is 10 cm, then OA = ................. cm.
What is the distance between the centre and the chord?
OM = ........... cm
Hint :
O
• OAM is a right triangle. If the hypotenuse is 5 cm
and length of one of the perpendicular sides is 4 cm,
then can you find the length of third side?
A M B
Activity 2
See the problem given below.
In the figure the diameter of the circle is 20 cm. Two A M B
parallel chords are drawn in the circle. They are
AB = 16 cm and CD = 12 cm. Find the distance between O
these chords.
CN = cm
BM = cm C N D
OC = cm
OB = cm
Write the distance from the centre of the circle to the chord AB.
Write the distance from the centre of the circle to the chord CD.
Write the distance between the chords.
If the chords are drawn on the same side of the centre, then
What is the distance between them ?

Activity 3
We have already studied how to draw the perpendicular bisector of a line segment in the
chapter Equal triangles in standard 8
Draw perpendicular bisectors of all the three sides of the triangle given below.
If you extend these perpendicular bisectors, then they meet at a point . Measure the distance
from this point to the vertices of the triangle .
Draw a circle with this point as the centre and distance to the vertices as the radius. This
circle is called the circumcircle of the triangle.

2
Can we draw a circumcircle to a right angled triangle?.Try it.
A triangle with one angle greater than 900 is given below. Draw a circumcircle to this
triangle.

Observe the circumcentre of these three triangles. Draw circumcircles to more triangles
and write your conclusion.

Unit - 6
Parallel lines
Activity 1
Draw an equilateral triangle of perimeter 10 centimetres.
Hint
. Draw a line of length 10 cm
. Draw a slanted line AC of length 6 cm from A
. Mark the points M and N such that they divides AC into three equal parts of 2 cms each.
. Join the line BC
. Draw two lines parallel to BC through M and N
. Draw an equilateral triangle with AB as its perimeter.

Activity 2
In the parallelogram ABCD, the line drawn through a point P on AB, parallel to BC, meets
AC at Q. The line through Q, parallel to AB meets AD at R.
D C
Q
R
A P B
AQ AP
=
a) From triangle ABC, QC ............
AQ ............

b) From triangle ACD, QC ............
AP AR
c) What is the relation between and ?
PB RD
Activity 3
a) Draw a quadrilateral and mark the midpoints of each side, join these midpoints to form another
quadrilateral. What is the appropriate name for this quadrilateral?
[Rectangle, Square, Trapezium, Parallelogram]
b) Draw a rectangle, mark the midpoints of each side, join these points to form a quadrilateral. Write
the appropriate name for the quadrilateral?

Unit - 7
Similar Triangles
Activity 1
• In the triangle ABC, AB = 5 cm,  A = x0 ,  B = y0 , BC = 4 cm, AC = 3.5 cm
• In the triangle PQR,  P = x0, PQ = 10 cm, PR = 7 cm
• In the triangle DEF,  D = x0 ,  E= y0. EF = 7 cm
R
F
C 7
7
3.5 4
x y x x y
A 5 B
P 10 Q D E
1. Examine whether these triangles are similar
(Hint : What are the different contexts of similarly of trinagles?)
2. What is the length of QR?

3.  Q = ...................  R = ...................  F = ...................
AB BC
4. =
DE .............
5 4
=
DE .............
4  DE = .....................
DE = ........................
5. Final the length of FD.

Activity 2
In the figure, BC = 14 cm. AC = 15 cm, AB= 13 cm. AD = 12 cm. OB=BQ, OC=CR,
OA=AP,  D = 900
B D C
Q R
S
1. OQ = OB  .............
2. QR = 2  .............. = .............. cm
3. PR = AC  .............. = .............. cm
4. What is the length of PQ?

1
5. Area of triangle × BC ×
2
1
×14×...........................
2
square centimetres
6. What is the measure of  S ?
7. Find the area of triangle PQR.

Unit - 8
Polynomials
Activity 1
In rectangles with one side is 1 centimetre more than the other, take the length of the
shorter side as x centimetres.
i) Taking their perimeters as p(x) centimetres, write the relation between p(x) and x as an
equation.
ii) Taking their areas as a(x) square centimetres, write the relation between a(x) and x as an
equation.
iii) Calculate p(1), p(2), p(3), p(4), p(5).
iv) Calculate a(1), a(2), a(3), a(4), a(5).
Length of the shorter side = x cm
Length of the longer side = ___________ cm
Perimeter of the rectangle p(x) = 2(length+breadth) = 2(x+1+x)
= _________________
p(x) = _________________
Area of the rectangle a(x) = length x breadth = x(x+1)
= _________________
a(x) = _________________
p(1) = 6 p(2) =......... p(3) =......... p(4) =......... p(5) = 22
a(1) = 2 a(2) =......... a(3) =......... a(4) =......... a(5) = 30

Activity 2
_
If p(x)=3x2_2x+1, find p( 1), p(0), p(1)
_ _ _
p( 1) = 3( 1)2_2( 1)+1 = 3+2+1 = 6
p(0) = 3(0)2_2(0)+1 = ...........................
p(1) = ...........................
Activity 3
Find the first degree polynomial p(x) with p(0) = 1 and p(1) = 2.
General form of a first degree polynomial is p(x) = ax + b.
Here p(0) =1
Therefore b = _______
Also p(1) =2
therefore a  1+b = 2
a+b = 2
a = ______
The first degree polynomial p(x) = ___________

Unit - 9
Circle Measures
Activity 1
• The perimeters of circles are scaled by same factor as their diameters.
• The perimeter of a circle is  times its diameter..
• The area of a circle is  times the square of the radius.
• Taking radius of the circles as 'r',
Perimeter = 2 r
Area =  r2
Based on these facts, complete the table.
Diameter Radius Perimeter Area
10 cm 5 cm 10  cm 25  sq. cm
8 cm
3 cm
24  cm
49  Sq.cm.

Activity 2
The length of arc of a circle is that fraction of the perimeter as the fraction of 3600 that its
central angle is.
The area of a sector is that fraction of the area of the circle as the fraction of 3600 that its
central angle is.
Based on these facts, complete the table.
Perimeter Area of the Central angle What fraction Length of Area of the
of the circle circle of the arc of 3600 arc sector
1
12  cm 36  sq.cm 600 6 2  cm 6  sq.cm
20  cm 100  sq.cm 360
1200 6  cm
64  sq.cm 300

Unit - 10
Real Numbers
Activity 1
Consider the number line below.
S R P Q
The distance between any two points on the number line is the smaller of the numbers
denoting them substracted from the larger.
Didstance between the points P, Q is 8_2=6
Didstance between the points R, Q is 8_(-1)=9
Didstance between the points S, P is 2_(-4)=6
Didstance between the points S, Q is 8_(-4)=12
Didstance between the points S, R is -1_(-4)=3
Find the distance between the following points
Distance Points
a) 3,10
b) 1, 12
c) -1, 0
d) -8,-2
e) -10, 10
Activity 2
The mid point of two points on the number line is that point denoted by half the sum of
the numbers denoting these points.
Mid point
Eg: Find the mid point | | |
x y
x y
2
| |
10 18
10  18
Mid point =  14
2

Find the mid point of the points below.

a) 8, 20
_
b) 4, 2
_ _
c) 10, 6
Activity 3
Absolute value of a number is the distance between the number and zero on a number
line. Absolute value of the number 'x' is denoted as |x|.
|4| means distance between 0 and 4 in the number line.
That is |4| = 4
|_4| means the distance between 0 and _4 is the number line
That is |_4| = 4
1 1 _1 1
Like this we can write = and 
2 2 3 3
Like this absolute value of any number is positive.

Also absolute value of zero is zero itself.
Find the following
a) |100| =
b) |-3| =
c) |-10| =
1
d) =
5
Activity 4
The distance between two points on the number line is the absolute value of the differ-
ence of the numbers denoting these points.
Distance between the points 'x' and 'y' on a number line can be taken as |x-y|
_
Distance between 2 and 20 is |2_20| = | 18| =18
_ _
Distance between 2 and 3 is |2_( 3)| = |2+3| = 5
_ _ _
Distance between 3, 2 is | 3_2| = | 5| = 5
Find the distance between the points below.
a) 4, 20
b) -10, 5
c) -5, 5

Activity 5
For any real number x, |x|2 = x2
i.e. |4|2 = 42 =16
_ _
| 4|2 = ( 4)2 = 16
a) |3|2 =
_
b) | 5|2 =
Activity 6
What are the numbers x, for which |x-2| = 1
How do we find this? What is the meaning of this? Let's see.
|x-2| =1 means the distance between 2 and a point on the number line is 1. So we can
easily find that numbers by adding and subtracting 1 to the number 2.
 x = 2+1 = 3 and x = 2_1 = 1 i.e. x = 3 and 1
Find the following
a) |x_4| = 2 , x = ............
b) |x_5| = 3, x = ............
Activity 7
What are the numbers x, for which |x_3|+|x_9| =6
Let's see
| |
3 9
|x-3| means distance between the point x and 3 on a number line. Similarly |x-9| means
distance between the same point 'x' and 9.
Here we have the sum of these distances is 6 unit. This 6 unit is actually the distance
between the points 3 and 9. So for any point from 3 to 9 will satisfy this equation.
x
i.e. 3  x  9 | |
3 9
Activity 8
What are the numbers x, for which |x_3|+|x_7| =6
Let's see this
4 unit
| |
3 7

Here the sum of distance 6 is greater than the distance between the points 3 and 7 (7-3=4).
So we can take some values left to the point 3 and some values right to the point 7. Here
do we find this?
Calculate
Total distance =6
Distance between points =7_3=4
their difference =6_4=2
Marks a point half of this differences left to 3 and right to 7 as follows.
That is 3 _ 1 = 2
7+1=8
1 4 1
The above equation is true for all points from 2 to 8 on the number line.
That is x = 2 or x = 8
a) If |x_4| + |x_10| = 10, then what numbers are x ?

Unit - 11
Prisms
Activity 1
The base of a prism is in the shape of an equilateral triangle. Its base perimeter
is 6 cm and height 5 cm . Find the volume of the prism.
a) The base edge of the prism (a)
a=
3 2
b) Base area of the prism = a
4
3
=  .........
4
= square centimetre
c) Volume of the prism = Base area x Height
= ........  ........
= ......... cubic centimetre

Activity 2
The length of base edge of a square prism is 8 cm and its height is 10 cm.
Find the total surface area of the prism.
a) Base area of the prism 
b) Area of one lateral face of the prism 
c) Number of bases
d) Number of lateral faces
e) Total surface area of the prism = 2 x base area + lateral surface area
= ...........+.............= ................................ sq. cm.

Unit - 12
Proportion
Activity 1
4
3
2.5
1.5 2
1
The measures of circles are given in the table. Complete the table and then write the
answers of questions below.
Radius Perimeter Area r:p r :A p A

r r
r p =2  r A = r 2
1.5
2.5
1. Which of the following statements are true?

a. Perimeter is 2 times its radius.
b. Perimeter is 2  times its radius.
1
c. Radius is part of perimeter
2
d. In any circle area is  times its radius.

e. The ratio of radius to perimeter is always 1 : 2 

f. In any circle the ratio of radius to area is 1: 
g. The radius and perimeter of a circle are scaled by same factor.
h. The radius and area of a circle area scaled by same factor
i. Area of a circle is proportional to its radius. The constant of proportionality is 3 
j. Perimeter is proportional to radius. The constant of proportionality is 2  .
k. If the radius is 1.5 then, the ratio of square of radius to area
(1.5)2 : 2.25 
2.25 : 2.25 
=1: 
l. In any circle the ratio of square of radius to area is 1 : 
2. The square of radius of a circle is 3. What is its area?
3. The square of radius of a circle is x. What is its area?
4. The area of a circle is ........... times square of its radius.

5. Is area of a circle proportional to square of its radius? What is the constant of proportionality?

6. x is an independently changing measure and y is a dependent measure. If y = kx then,
y
a.  ...........
x
b. x:y = ............
c. Is y proportional to x? What is the constant of proportionality?
7. Let 'a' be an independent measure and b a dependent measure. If c is the constant of

proportionality, then
b = ....................
b = ....................
a

Unit - 13
Statistics
Average
The single number which represents a group of measures is called the average of that
group. Arithmetic Mean, simply Mean is one such average.
Mean
To find the Mean of a set of measures, divide their sum by their number.
Sum
i.e. Mean =
Number
Find the mean of 12, 10, 8, 11, 9
Sum 12  10  8  11  9
Mean = =
Number 5
50
=  10
5
Find the Mean of the following sets.
a) 21, 23, 18, 20, 8
b) 12, 18, 15, 25
Activity 2
The Mean of 8, 12, x, 9. If 10 find the number x.
8  12  x  9
Mean = 10,  10
4
29  x
 10,
4
29+ x =40,
x =11
The Mean of 8, 11, , x, 12, 5, 10 is 10 find the number x.
Activity 3
Write 6 different numbers between 20 and 40 so that the arithemetic mean of these numbers
is 30.
30
25, 27, 29,  31, 33, 35

Write 10 different numbers between 40 and 60 so that the arithemetic mean of these
numbers is 50.
50
....., ....., .....,  ....., ....., .....,
Activity 4
The quantity of rubber sheet produced by a farmer in a month is given in the table. Find
the average production of rubber sheets for the month.
Rubber (Kg) Number of days
10 3
11 5
12 8
13 6
14 5
15 2
16 1
Answer
Rubber (Kg) Number of days Total production
10 3 10  3=30
11 5 11  5=55
12 8
13 6
14 5
15 2
16 1 16  1=16
Total weight of rubbersheet = 30+55+.......+.......+.......+.......+66
= ..............
Total numbers of days = 3+5+8+6+5+2+1
= ..............
Total weight
Average weight of the rubber sheet = Total number of days
= ..............

INFORMATION & COMMUNICATIONS
TECHNOLOGY
9
Activity Card Information & Class :9
Communications Technology
Worksheet – 1
Nowadays you all depend mostly on smart phones to communicate with
your friends. Some like to talk over phones, while some others are interested in
sending messages.
Prioritize the following based on your preference.
a) WhatsApp messages
b) Text messages
c) Messages through social media like Facebook.
d) E mail
e) Messages through Telegram.
f) .........
Any how, you have to type on a mobile phone / computer. Do you know which
keyboard layout is used in computer to type such messages in Malayalam?
Remember the eighth standard ICT chapter "Can You Type അമ്മ in the
Computer?".
Malayalam Keyboard Layout -
Look at the image given below.
1
General Education Samagra Shiksha Kerala SCERT
Now, let's see which keys are used in the English keyboard to type the
following Malayalam words?
Complete the table with the help of the Image
No Malayalam Words Keys in Keyboard
1 കേ രളം ksjNx
2 ാക്ക
3 മലയാളം
4 അനുജൻ
5 പഞ്ചസാര
6 സ്വപ്നം
2
Worksheet – 2
You have learned to type on a computer using keyboard. You know that,
for typing English, we usually use QWERTY keyboard layout. You also know that,
for typing Malayalam we use INSCRIPT keyboard layout.
What are the contexts in which you have to do typing in connection with
the learning activity?
Printing is done only after the typed file is formatted and made attractive. Do
you know what are the commonly used techniques in LibreOffice Writer to
format text?
• Character Formatting.
◦ Font Size – adjust font size
◦ Font Face – to change the font.
◦ Font Style – to make the text bold / Italics / Underline
◦ Font Color – to give colour to the texts
• Paragraph Formatting.
◦ Paragraph Spacing – to adjust the spacing between the paragraphs.
◦ Alignment – to adjust left, right, center, and justified alignment.
• Page Formatting
◦ Page Format – to adjust the page size.
◦ Page Border – to give page border.
◦ Page Area – to give background colour.
◦ Insert & Format Image – to include and arrange images.
Now look at the pictures given below.
3
Find out what techniques may have been used to make the text in the first
picture look like in the second picture. (Write at least 4 techniques)
4
Sl No Used Methods
5
Worksheet – 3
There are some more Page Formatting techniques other than mentioned
in Worksheet 2.
• Header – To arrange text / Image / logo / Page Number that appears on

the top of every page in a document.
• Footer – To arrange the text / image / logo / Page Number that appears
on the bottom of every page in a document.
• Insert Table – To include a table in a document.
• Subscript – To include a text or number slightly below the main text.
(Eg : H2 )
• Superscript – To include a text or number slightly above the main text.
( Eg : x2 )
Here are are some of the words and actions used in an article prepared by
Yamuna to present in a seminar. Which of the given techniques in LibreOffice
Writer has been used for each. Write it down.
(Insert Table, Footer, Header, Superscript, Subscript, Page background,
Paragraph Spacing, Page Border)
Typed H2SO4
Typed E = mc2
A table containing two columns and

three rows is inserted and the name
of the element, atomic number, and
atomic mass are included in it.
Science Seminar – February 2021

is included on the top of all pages.
Page Number is included in the

bottom of all pages.
6
Worksheet – 4
John has to prepare a science project report in a computer. The
application used for this is LibreOffice Writer. You have familiarized with some
of the formatting techniques in LibreOffice Writer in Worksheet - 2 and
Worksheet - 3. They are listed below. Find out one context for each in which
John can use these techniques in his project report.
No Technique Context to use the technique
1 Font Size
2 Font Face
3 Font Style
4 Font Color
5 Paragraph Spacing
6 Alignment
7 Page Format
8 Page Border
9 Page Area
10 Insert Image
11 Format Image
12 Header
13 Footer
14 Insert Table
15 Subscript
16 Superscript
7
Worksheet- 5
Programs are a set of instructions given to a computer. After the
programs are created, they are translated into binary language using a
translator software. This is how different software are built using programs.
The following is the Python program for finding the area of a rectangle.
Each instruction and their functions are indicated.
A value of 80 is given to the variable l.
A value of 60 is given to the variable b.
The product of l and b is given to the variable A.
The value of the variable A is printed.
Now, create a program in Python to find the perimeter of this rectangle.

[Perimeter = 2 x (Length+Breadth)]
8
Worksheet- 6
IDE (Integrated Development Environment) is an Integrated
software that helps you to write and run various programs. IDLE is a
simple IDE software for creating python programs.
We can open IDLE from the menu Applications –Programming.
This window is called the Python Shell window and the place where
the program is typed is called the shell prompt.
In the Python Shell window, type the command print ("How are
you") and press the Enter key and its output is given below.
In Python program, anything that is given in quotes (eg. “how are

you”), even if they are digits, will be considered as strings.
What output would we get if we type the instructions given in the
table in shell prompt?
9
Instruction Output
Print(“Hello”)
print(“Hello”+”How are you”)
print(20+21)
print(“20”+”21”)
10
Worksheet- 7
When one or more statements in a program need to be repeated,

they are placed in a loop. For and While are two loops used in Python.
The following is a program that uses these two loops to display
even numbers from 2 to 100.
For Loop While Loop
Observe the program and think about what happens when the
computer executes each line.
Make changes in this program and create a Python program to

display odd numbers below 100.
For Loop While Loop
11
Worksheet - 8
You know that in Python language range () is used to denote a set
of values.
The instructions to store certain numbers in the variable n and its
output by using this function are listed below. Complete the table.
instructions Denoted numbers
n=range(10) 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9
n=range(5)
n=range(1,10) 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9
n=range(1,5)
n=range(1,10,2) 1,3,5,7,9
n=range(10,1,-2)
n=range(2,10,2)
n=range(10,1,-1) 10,9,8,7,6,5,4,3,2
Have you understood how to use the instruction range ( ) ?
Given below is a python program written by Anu to display the total of

numerals from 1 to 10 using range ( )
12
There is an error in the program. Rewrite the program by correcting it.
13
Worksheet - 9
Anu has prepared a table containing Maximum and Minimum
temperature of different places in LibreOffice Calc.
Then she found the average temperature of AGRA and it is

recorded in cell E2. For this, she found out the sum of cells C2 and D2
and divided it by two. Here you just have to type = SUM (C2: D2) / 2 and
press Enter.
SUM() is used to find the total in LibreOffice Calc.
14
Now, can you help Anu in doing the following activities.
1. Maximum temperatures are given in cells C2 to C5. So, what does Anu
have to type to find out their average?
2. Minimum temperatures are given in cells D2 to D5. So, what does Anu
have to type to find out their average?
15
Worksheet - 10
Look, Hari has done the activity done by Anu in the last worksheet by
using a different function.
Hari has used AVERAGE function here. =AVERAGE(C2:D2) is used to find

out the average of cells from C2 to D2.
Can you find out the average of maximum and minimum temperature by
using the same function.
Maximum temperatures are given in the cells C2 to C5. Then what
should Hari type to get its average?
Minimum temperatures are given in cells D2 to D5. Then what should

Hari type to get its average?
16
Worksheet - 11
Let us see the table prepared by Anu and Hari.
There are decimal places in the answers obtained when they

calculated the Daily Mean Temperature. We need to get the same as
integers. How do we get it?
To round off the decimal places the ROUND() function can be used.
You have to just type ROUND (E2,0) to round off the value in E2. Try to do
the activities by selecting the cell (F2) where the result is to be obtained.
=ROUND(E2,0)
This function is meant to round off the values in E2 to zero decimal

places. This can also be done by using average and round function
together. Just give ROUND(AVERAGE(C2, D2),0))
So what will you type to get an integer in C6?
17
Worksheet - 12
When Anu tried to paste the name of place and average to another
sheet, she couldn’t paste it properly. Why was it so?
These type of issues arise while we try to copy and paste LibreOffice
Calc data having function or formula. We can solve this issue by using the
option Paste Special. All you have to do is change the tick mark given in
the Formulas to Numbers while pasting.
This is the window Anu got when she used the option Paste
Special.
Where should she put tick mark to paste numbers and name of places ?
18
Worksheet -13
HTML is a scripting language which is used to define the content and

alignment of a web page. HTML tags are the instructions used in this
language. Contents are given within < >. Web pages are displayed through
web browsers. We can give the data to be displayed in the title bar in the web
page using HTML tags.
The model given below contains the HTML tags used to display the
school name in the title bar of a website designed for a school and how it is
displayed in a web browser.
Similarly, prepare and write the source code in HTML to display the
name of your school in the title bar.
19
Worksheet - 14
Have you seen words of different sizes on the websites you visited?
When creating web pages we can also embed words of different sizes using
tags such as h1, h2, h3, h4 etc. in HTML.
Given below is the source of the web page created by Ananthu and how
it is displayed in a web browser.
Write the source code of the web page that displays your school name as
h1 and School Sports as h2.
20
Worksheet- 15
You love to visit websites with colours, pictures and animations. We know
that websites are more attractive when colours, pictures and animations are
included in it. In addition to giving colour to the letters and words in the
webpage, we can also give the background colour to it using HTML tags.
Observe the source code of a web page given below and complete the
table.
Purpose Tags used How to use
To give colour to the letters.
To give a background colour

to the webpage
21
Worksheet - 16
When creating web pages using HTML, different tags are used to include
images, underline words, and to make a text bold.
See the source code of a web page and how it is displayed in the web
browser. Observe it carefully and complete the table given below.
Tags Objective How to use
to give colour to the text
to underline
to make a text bold
22
Worksheet - 17
A computer stores the data that are received through the input
devices and gives them back whenever required using the output devices.
There are many input and output devices available for this. Some of them are
used both as input and output devices.
Complete the following table by writing the name and its uses (input /
output / input and output) of the pictures given below.
Input / output /
Devices Name
input and output
23
24
Worksheet - 18
You are familiar with the Desktop Computers . There are so many
components kept inside the system unit. For example, SMPS, Microprocessor,
Motherboard etc.
Images of some of the devices inside the system unit of Desktop

computers and their usage are given below. Find out their names and
complete the table.
Device Usage Name
All the components in the computer are

connected to this.
Regular and accurate quantity of power

supply to the components like
motherboard, processor, hard disk and DVD
drive is carried out by this equipment.
It is used to connect the DVD drive and the

hard disk drive to the motherboard.
Normally all files including pictures, music,

videos and the operating system of the
computer are stored here.
Computers store temporary information

files in it.
25
Worksheet - 19
You are familiar with smartphones. Many of you may have watched the
first bell classes on our Victers channel with the help of smart phones. There
are many types of smartphones available today. Find out the features of the
smartphones from various media (newspapers, audio-visual media, internet)
and complete the table below.
Country Company Model Microprocessor Storage RAM Camera

Capacity Specifications
India Micromax 1b MediaTek 32 GB 2 GB 13MP + 2MP

Helio G35
Samsung
MI
Apple
26
Worksheet - 20
You know that the computer-related devices are constantly changing.
Some information related to this is explained in the second part of your ICT
textbook, in the chapter Inside the Computer. Find out if the following
statements are true or false and record them.
Sl. No Statements
1. USB ports are now used in place of ports for attaching various
devices to computers.
2. A printer is a commonly used input device for viewing visuals

from a computer.
3. HDMI interfaces can transmit information, including visuals

and audio.
4. SMPS manages the data that we input into the computer.
5. Microprocessors perform basic computer calculations and

control input / output devices.
6. The permanent memory of the computer is Random Access

Memory.
7. The Operating system and other files are permanently stored

in the hard disk.
8. Swap space can be used when more capacity is required than

the storage capacity of the computer's RAM.
9. All the components inside the computer are connected to a

motherboard.
10. The process of loading the Operating System from the Hard
Disk is called Power-On Self-Test.
27
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GENERAL EDUCATION DEPARTMENT SAMAGRA SHIKSHA, KERALA SCERT

This is Tarun. He is sad. He got the results of the

Complete the dialogue box ............................................................

Your brother has always

GENERAL EDUCATION DEPARTMENT SAMAGRA SHIKSHA, KERALA SCERT

It is decided to conduct ………………….at the Nehru Stadium

Don’t miss this golden opportunity.

GENERAL EDUCATION DEPARTMENT SAMAGRA SHIKSHA, KERALA SCERT

What a memorable day it was! Was I over confident?

GENERAL EDUCATION DEPARTMENT SAMAGRA SHIKSHA, KERALA SCERT

Based on the above word web, prepare a character sketch of Tarun.

GENERAL EDUCATION DEPARTMENT SAMAGRA SHIKSHA, KERALA SCERT

GENERAL EDUCATION DEPARTMENT SAMAGRA SHIKSHA, KERALA SCERT

What happened I failed in two

Now complete the conversation between Tarun and Ram Narayan

Ram Narayan : .....................................................................................................

Ram Narayan : .....................................................................................................

Ram Narayan : .....................................................................................................

Ram Narayan : .....................................................................................................