14 Learner Centered Psychological Principles

■ cognitive and metacognitive

■ motivational and affective

■ developmental and social

■ individual differences

COGNITIVE AND METACOGNITIVE FACTORS

1. Nature of the Learning Process

-intentional process of constructing meaning from information and experience.

2. Goals of the Learning Process

-Learning requires students to be goal directed.

3. Construction of Knowledge

-Knowledge becomes integrated with the learner's prior knowledge and understanding.

4. Strategic Thinking

-Repertoire of thinking and reasoning strategies

5. Thinking about Thinking

-Metacognition strategies

- How they think and learn

6. Context of Learning

-Learning is influenced by environmental factors, including culture, technology, and instructional

practices.

MOTIVATIONAL AND AFFECTIVE FACTORS

7. Motivational and Emotional Influences on Learning

-Motivation to learn is influenced by the individual's emotional states, beliefs, interests and goals, and habits of thinking.

8. Intrinsic Motivation to Learn

-Encourage and support learners' natural curiosity and motivation to learn

9. Effects of Motivation on Effort

- Motivation also leads to increased effort and energy

DEVELOPMENTAL AND SOCIAL FACTORS

10. Developmental Influences on Learning

- Events that impact the dynamic interaction between an individual and their environment.

11. Social Influences on Learning

- Learning is influenced by social interactions, interpersonal relations, and communication with others.

INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES

12. Individual Differences in Learning

- Individual differences in learning. Learners have different strategies, approaches, and capabilities for learning.

13. Learning and Diversity

- Diversity in the classroom teaches students to appreciate different perspectives and draw stronger conclusions.

14. Standards and Assessment

- Assessment provides important information and feedback

Reflection

There are 14 learner-centered psychological principles in education. It is divided into four categories: Cognitive and
Metacognitive Factors, Motivational and Affective Factors, Developmental and Social Factors, and Individual Differences.
All of the factors have its corresponding principles and plays a crucial role in student learning and how teachers can
improve their instruction in order to deliver effective pedagogy. It provides a framework for developing and
incorporating new designs for schooling.

The psychological principles could be an effective tool in education since it uses interactive strategies to engage the
students and develop their abilities. As for me, this gives me an idea on how and what my future classroom would like. It
serves as a guidance to pre-service teachers like me on how we’ll assimilate and apply these principles. With the ideas
and concepts presented, this approach could help my future students in developing their skills such as decision making
and problem-solving, teamwork and communication skills relevant to learning. Also, it would be an avenue for the
learners to think outside the box and let them explore new things as well as to unleash their potentials. The principles
can bridge a gap between learners and make the differences a reason to achieve an integrated learning.