Society and cultures of Pakistan

• 9.2.1 Culture
– Total life style and overall behavior of society which
includes language, dress, living, habits, customs,
beliefs, and traditions etc
– Diversity = acceptance of positive variations, variety in
all aspects of life
– Unity = condition of brotherhood of respecting each
other, Urdu language, religion
– National cohesion = Urdu an instrument, common
script of all languages
– Integration = coordination of mental processes, Urdu
a national solidarity, common heritage and struggle of
freedom
• 9.1.1. basic features of Pakistani society
– Religious uniformity and diversity
– Mixed culture (Muslim, Hindu, British)
• Dowry system
• English an official language
– Male-oriented society
– Simplicity
– Simple dress and diet
– Easy languages Dowry system
• English an official language
– Literature
– Handicrafts
– Sports
– Ulema, Mashaikh and Sufi poets
 Elements influence unity, national
cohesion, integrity,
• Language
• Diversity
• Values / beliefs
• Shared resources
• Government structure
Class difference and social inequalities
• Intolerance
• Terrorism
• Rich and poor
• Multiple standard of education, food, housing
• Posh and poor localities
• Elite
• Cantonment ? Civil line and Garibabad
• Master and servant
• Hindu caste system
• Muslim Hidden caste and class difference
 Diversity
• 9.1.3. Regional disparity
– Cultural dress (Provinces)
– Languages
– Cultural Festivals
– Cultural heritages / customs
– dress w.r.t climate & social occasions
– Fine Art
– Handicraft
 Role and status of woman
• Important part of family manages all affairs
with the limits, household keeping,
upbringing of children
• Right of education
• Right of business
• Right of property
• Right in heritage
• Right to rule the country
 9. 3.1. Major features of \Pakistani
culture
• History and ideology
• Attraction forces
• Dynamics of culture due to influence of other
culture
• Strong religious values
• Mixed dress
• Multiple languages
• Rich literature
• Rich heritages
• Religious unity
 9.3.2. Festivals
Cultural festivals Religious festivals
•Sibi festival •Eid-ul-Fitre
•Sindh horse and cattle •Eid-ul-Azha
show •Milad of Prophet
•Basnat (PBUH)
•Shandor polo festival •Ashoora
•Lok mela •Shab-e-Barat
•National horse and •Shab-e-Qadr
cattle show Lahore •Shab-e-Meraj
•Saints mela
 9.3.4 Role of mass media in culture
• New technologies; camera, phonograph, radio,
TV, dramas source of culture
• culture became more democratic as modern
technology and mass media allowed it to reach
more people.
• Holloywood, Bollywood cultural dominance
through mass media
• Foods, dresses, hair style, language etc
modified due to mass media
• Media brings diverse voice, ideas, critique of
government, trade,
9.4.1. Origin and Evolution of Urdu
• 300 years old
• Arabic, Persian and Turkish gave birth to
Hindi, Hindustani, Shahjahani and finally
in Urdu
• Amir Khursro, Sir Syed, Maulanai Shibli,
Allama Iqbal flourished Urdu
• Urdu reached in whole subcontinent 16 th
century
• 1947 Urdu national language of Pakistan
 Significance of Urdu
• Vehicle of communication
• National cohesion or binding force of
various parts of Pakistan
• Source of rich historical literature
• Quranic translation in Urdu
• National Language of country
• Medium of instructions in institutions
 9.4.4.
• Popular poets: Amir Khusro, Allama Iqbal,
Ghalib
• Popular writers: Allama Iqba, Sir Syed,
Deputy Nazir Ahmed, Maulanai Hali,
Maulana Shibli,
• Popular folklores: Arif Lohar, Noor Jehan,
Lata,
9.4.5. Role of English Language as
an official language
• Official communitarian at local, national
and international level
• Source of information
• Medium of instruction in many institutions
• Source of international trade
• Its international passport
• Important for globalization
•
9.5 Art and architectural heritages
• Taxila
• Kot Dijian settlement
• Mohenjodaro
• Indus valley
• Harapa
• Taxila
• Mansura, Bhambore
• Gandhra civilization
9.5.2. name and significance Archaeological
and historical sites of Pakistan
• Bambhore
• Taxila
• Harapa
• Lahore
• Thatta
• Moenjo daro
• Kot Diji
• Hyderabad
• Makil
• Karachi