Kinematic indeterminacy and

Static indeterminacy – Beam,

Frame etc
Hey, friends today we are going to learn the basic
fundamentals of structural analysis. Here, we will discuss
about the calculation of the Kinematic indeterminacy and
Static indeterminacy – Beam, Frame i.e static and kinematic
concept and introduction.

So, to calculate the degree of indeterminacy of structure you

must have to read and understand all the articles below step
by step.

Why do we find the degree of

indeterminacy of structure?
We find the degree of indeterminacy to check whether the
structure is stable or unstable. There no worth of
constructing any structure if it is not durable, Right?

Types of the degree of

indeterminacy
1. The degree of static indeterminacy (Ds)
2. The degree of kinematic indeterminacy(Dk)

The Total indeterminacy of structure is given by the sum of

the degree of static indeterminacy and kinematic
indeterminacy.
Types of static indeterminacy (Ds)
1. Internal static indeterminacy
2. External total indeterminacy

The total static indeterminacy is given by the sum of external

static indeterminacy (DSe) and internal static indeterminacy
(DSi)

What is kinematic indeterminacy?

It is defined as the number of non-zero joints displacement of
the structure. It is also called the Degree of freedom.

For better understand, I have made a chart summary of

important formulae.

Where,

R= no. of unknown reaction

r=3 + (additional equation due to internal thing if any)

no. of available equation

M= no. of member

J= no. of joints

C= no. of closed loop

According to the above chart, we are going to calculate the
degree of indeterminacy of beam, frame, and truss.

For each structure, there are the different formula of static

and kinematic indeterminacy.

In the above table, I have marked with red color which you
don’t have to remember or follow these formulae because in
question it is given to neglect axial information.

But the third one for truss is very important for calculation.
So, except marked formulae of beam and frame, all the formulae
are important for calculation.

But how to calculate the degree of kinematic indeterminacy of

beam and frame?

Yes, don’t worry I will explain all in the problem in which I

have solved below. For basic knowledge to calculate degree if
kinematic indeterminacy let us read the chart below.

Description of the above chart

If there is a fixed end then there will not be any value
of kinematic indeterminacy and tends to zero.
In hinged support, dynamic indeterminacy will be one
(1).
In roller support, kinematic indeterminacy will be two
(2) with axial deformation and one (1) if axial
deformation is neglected.
 If there is an internal hinge with two members then
dynamic indeterminacy will be two(2).
If the internal hinge is with three members then dynamic
indeterminacy will be three (3).
For the free end, the dynamic indeterminacy will be two
(2).

Numericals to calculate degree of

indeterminancy of structure
Q) Find the degree of Kinematic indeterminacy and Static
indeterminacy of the structure as shown in the figure.

Solution,

We have,

Ds = DSe + DSi [ Let equation——(1)]

By formula,

DSe = (R-3) – (M’-1)

Since there is internal hinge,

We add M’ ( Number of member.)

So, DSe = (5-3) – (2-1)

Again, DSi = 0 For Beam

DS = 1+0 From equation —-(1)

= 1

and DK = 4

Hence,

Degree of Kinematic indeterminacy(DK) = 4

and Degree of Static indeterminacy(DS) = 1

Description of the above calculation

1. In the above calculation at first equation of degree of
static indeterminacy has written and given naming as
equation -1.
2. After that internal static indeterminacy has calculated
(DSe).
3. m’ stand for a number of members which is two in the
above calculation, if there were three members at hinge
then the value of m’ would be three (3).
4. After that, the value of external static indeterminacy
has calculated (DSe).
5. Now to calculate the total degree of static
indeterminacy internal and external static indeterminacy
has added.
6. At last value of kinematic indeterminacy has calculated.
One support is hinge has one, and there is one hinge
which has three kinematic indeterminacy. So, as a whole,
its value is four (4).

Hence, in this way you can calculate the degree of

indeterminacy of any structure.

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