AMERICAN BRITISH PHRASAL VERBS MEANINGS

Autumn Fall Give in Accept

Biscuits Cookies breakdown Repair / stop
Crisps Potato chips Called off Cancelled
Film Movie
Ground floor First floor Keep away Avoid
Holiday Vacation Go through Revise
Advertisement Ad Get into Involve
Aerial Antenna Make up Compensate
Anti-clockwise Counter clockwise
Put out Extinguished
Balcony Gallery
Bin Can Rely on Depend
Chairman President Keep up Continue, maintain, adjust
Chemist Druggist Look into Examine/observe
chips French fries Give up Stop/leave
Cooker Oven, stove
Call on visit
Cotton Thread
Cup board Wardrobe Count on Rely on
Curriculum vitae Resume Break out start
Drapes Curtains Stepped up increase
Dust bin Garbage can Stick to follow
Flat Apartment
Foot ball Soccer Set in start
Fully Full Put up with Tolerate
Garden Yard Pull down demolish
Ground floor First floor Gave up Stopped/abandon/quit
Generator Dynamo Visited
Called on
Goods Freight
Gum Glue Melted away Vanished
Hand bag Purse Look into Examine, study, investigate
Holiday vacation Look out search
Mad crazy Count on Rely, depend
Maize Corn
Mobile phone Cell phone Make out Understand
Nappy Diaper bank on depend on
Notice board Bulletin board draw up stop
Paraffin Kerosene
Parking lot Car park stand by help someone who is in difficulty
Pavement Sidewalk See off Begin a journey
Pull over sweater
Pedestrian crossing Crosswalk Set off To stay for a short time
Petrol Gasoline Stop over To farewell someone
Porridge Oat meal Get in Arrive inside bus
Post Mail
Post code Zip code Get off Leave a bus
full stop period Get on Enter a bus/ manage
Purse Valet
Queue Line Get away Go away for vacation
Railway Railroad Check in arrive at hotel
Shop Store Check out Leave the hotel
Storm Tempest
Sweets Candy Put on Wear
Tap Faucet Look after Take care of
Taxi Cab Make out Understand/to reach level
Tea cup Tea pot
Terminus Depot Call off stop
Timetable Schedule Run out Weak /empty
Tin Can Put on wear
Tire Tyre
Send for call
Torch Flash light
Rule out cancel
 ION-A IRREGULAR
Turn down refuse
Put off Postponed Criterion – criteria goose-geese
Go off explode phenomenon -phenomena Foot-feet
Exception: man-men
Turn on Open
demon – demons woman-women
Turn down Rejected
electron – electrons louse-lice
Take over Take lead mouse-mice
neutron –neutrons
Give in Deceived proton –protons tooth-teeth,
Bear with Have patient COMPOUND WORDS Child-children
Fall in Asked ox-oxen
Daughter-in-law– daughters-in-law cow-cows/kine
Break out Start, spread Runner-up– runners-up
come upon meet someone by chance Governor-general – Governors-
ONLY PLURAL
put out draw up general
pass out become unconscious / Father-in-law– fathers-in-law Billiards
faint Passer-by– passers-by Bowels
Man-servant– men-servants Intestines
cut off remove something by Annals
cutting Nuptials
ONLY SINGULAR Obsequies
Assets
SINGULAR / A-AE Mathematics
Credentials
PLURAL alga – algae Physics Auspices
Alumna – alumnae Statistics Wages
US-I T
larva – larvae Civics premises
r
Economics Scissors
Alumnus – alumni antenna –antennae o Tongs
formula – formula u Mechanics
bacillus – bacilli Pincers
nebula – nebulae s Dynamics Spectacles
locus – loci Politics
Exception: e Fetters
stimulus –stimuli
r Statistics Drawers
focus – foci Area – areas s Work Pants
terminus – termini
arena – arenas M food, Trousers
nucleus – nuclei
dilemma dilemmas e bread,
radius – radii Measles
diploma– diplomas a fish
fungus – fungi
drama – dramas s Mumps
syllabus – syllabi machinery
l
octopus -octopi poetry,
e
Exception: UM-A s Gymnastics
Bonus – bonuses, Addendum – addenda M News
campus – campuses agendum – agenda u Innings
bacterium –bacteria m Phonetics
chorus – choruses
corrigendum – corrigenda p Luggage
circus – circuses erratum – errata Baggage
virus – viruses stratum – strata breakage
corpus – corpora memorandum – memoranda Ethics
genus –genera symposium –symposia Advice
IS-ES Exception: furniture,
Axis – axes Information
basis – bases Album – albums scenery,
crisis – crises museum – museums
diagnosis-diagnoses
analysis – analyses ultimatum –ultimatums
ellipsis – ellipses EX/IX-ES/ICES
hypothesis– hypotheses
thesis – theses Apex –apexes, apices,
index- indexes, indices,
oasis –oases vortex –vortexes, vortices,
Exception: appendix – appendixes, appendices,
Metropolis – metropolises matrix-matrixes, matrices
 BLENDING WORDS Teleprint + exchange Telex
Television + broadcast Telecast
Agriculture + business Agribusiness
Beauty + Utility Beautility Television + photogenic telegenic
Binary + Digit Bit Transfer + resistor transistor
Binary + Table Byte Travel + catalogue travelogue
Biographical + Picture Biopic
Vegetable + hamburger veg burger
Breakfast + Lunch Brunch
Breath + Analyzer Breathalyzer Volcanic + ash vash

Camera + Recorder Camcorder Television + photogenic telegenic

Documentary + Drama Docudrama IDIOMS MEANINGS
Education + Entertainment Edutainment Save one’s skin Protect one’s self from difficulty
Education + Satellite Edu Sat Make both ends meet Spend within one’s income
Go to grave To exit the world
Electric + Execute Electrocute
Under the cloud Viewed with suspicion
Electronic + Mail E-Mail Have all your ducks in a row well organized
Emotion + Icon Emoticon Do the math Think carefully before doing
Fantastic + Fabulous Fantabulous Icing the cake Something extra to make better
A drop in the ocean A very small amount
Friend + Enemy Frenemy
A hard nut to crack Difficult problem to solve
Guess+ Estimate Guestimate A man of noble blood A noble family (high society)
Helicopter + Airport Heliport A shadow of one’s self At present lacking the ability
Information+ System Infosys A stone’s throw A very short distance
High + Technology High Tech A yellow streak Cowardice in one’s character
Above board Honest
Information + Commercial Informercial
Add insult to injury worsen an unfavorable situation
Information + Technology Infotech All walks of life Various activity
International + Police Interpol To make good To compensate for wrong doings
Laundry + Automat Laundromat A bolt out of clear sky Sudden unexpected event
Lecture + Demonstration Lecdem Have the whip hand To be most powerful
Wait for the dust to settle Wait for the situation to settle
Medical + claim Mediclaim Fetch and carry To do little jobs for someone
Medical + care medicare Round the corner Very near
Melody + drama Melodrama Chuckled to himself Laughed softly to himself
Throw in the towel To give up
Motor + bike MO bike In our corner In our side in argument
Motor+ pedal moped On the ropes Near collapse
Motorway + hotel Motel Below the belt Unfair behavior
Square off Prepare for a conflict
News + broadcast Newscast Blank fired Fire-shots in the air
Oxford + Cambridge Oxbridge Brought under control Functioning smoothly
Parachute + troops Para troops Call on Visit
Can’t judge a book by its cover Cannot judge by appearance
Sky + laboratory Skylab Caved in Collapsed
Smack + mash smash check in register at airport or hotel
check out pay the bill when leaving a hotel
Smoke + fog Smog
come upon meet by chance
Spoon + fork Spork Down to earth Practical
Technology + Wizard Techno wizard Draw up Stop
Inside out Examine thoroughly Pay for it Punished for something
raining cats and dogs It’s raining hard Pay one’s debt Repay a loan
Kecked the bucket Passed away Point to point One point to another
Laid down their arms Surrendered Put on airs Behave in unnatural way
Lion’s share Major share put out stop something burning
Look after Take care To good bye to some one
see off
Let down disappointed start off / to begin a journey
set off
Take cheer Be encouraged
Spill the beans Give away a secret
Black with anger Become enraged
Stand by Help someone in difficulty
A Bolt from the blue Unexpected event
stop over stay for a short period of time
Raise the devil Complain or scold
Take off Start flying, remove clothing
Take chances Try one’s luck
Taken aback Surprised
In hot pursuit Chasing
The Burning question A crucial issue
Break the ice begin a conversation
Thick and fast In large numbers
In the face of danger To take great risk
Perfectly health Trial and error To try many times to succeed
In the pink of health
Doubt / confusion Tricks of the trade Expert in business
In two minds
Very slowly Turn away Refuse permission
At snail’s pace
To have no patience Whole nine yards Everything, all of it
At end of one’s tether
At the mercy of helpless Go on the stand Testify during a trial
Back bone Depend on Of his own accord Voluntarily
Bank on Rely on Alarm bells ringing Sign of going wrong
Barking up wrong tree Accusing wrong person Back to wall In serious difficulty
Be armed with Be equipped with Clutch at straws Try to overcome crisis
Be hand and glove Closely associated in panic mode Strong fear
Bear with Tolerate go away for a vacation.
get away
Bed of roses Comfortable position Complete collapse
smash up
Eleventh hour Very last moment Being idle
twiddling my thumb
Eyewash Something to deceive
excursion and alarms Noise and bustle
Fall a prey to Become a victim
saved by bell Help at the last moment
Feel the pinch Feeling unpleasant
hang out dry Abandoning one in difficulty
From door to door start to finish of journey
shot his bolt Exhaust his efforts
To take the chair To preside
in a nice pickle Difficult situation
get in enter a bus, train place
has a cold foot Anxiety
get off leave a bus or train etc.
Appeal to ones taste
get on arrive inside train, bus etc. right up one’s alley
drive one up the wall Cause extreme annoyance
Get through Pass
Yield hit the road Begin a journey
Give in
continue to a great extent take one for a ride To be cheated
Go a long way
Pleaded In deep waters In trouble
Hands and knees
Moral duty at logger heads To disagree strongly
Honour bound
Briefly on cloud nine To be extremely happy
In a nutshell
Have a chance give piece of one’s mind disapprove one’s behavior
To stand a chance
To lose ground lose advantage in conflict
 DEFINITION

Linguistics study of language 90-99 nonagenarian

Numismatics study of money and coins 100 and above centenarian
Electrodynamics study of electric,magnetic field Xenophobia fear of strangers
Phonetics study of speech sounds Suicide killing of self
Aesthetics study of beauty Homicide killing of another person
Genetics study of genes Genocide killing of people
Statistics study of processing data Patricide killing of father
Politics study of govt and power Matricide killing of mother
Aeronautics study of flying air-craft Infanticide killing of child/babies
Informatics study of analyzing information Fratricide killing of /siblings
Entomologist studies insects Acaricide Chemical to kill mites
Archeologist studies ancient culture Bactericide A drug destroys bacteria
Pathologist studies disease Herbicide chemical destroys plants
Musicologist studies music Germicide destroys micro organisms
Paleontologist studies fossils Pediculicide A chemical kill louse
Sinologist studies china Regicide Killing a king
Pessimist thinks negatively Insecticide used to kill insects
Optimist thinks positively Kleptomania tendency to steal
Teetotaler abstains from alcohol Plutomania craving for wealth
Philanthropist perform charity/donates Theo mania belief in god
Misanthrope dislikes mankind Bibliomania desire for books
Sadist enjoys others pain Pyromania set things on fire
Polyglot speaks many language Squandermania spending excess money
Hedonist pursuit pleasure Patriotism love for country
Misogynist Hates women Barbarism brutal/savage act
Pugilist Fond of fighting Nationalism prefer country’s interest
Hydrophobia fear of water Amateurism doing as a hobby than for money
demo phobia fear of clouds Idealism pursuing concepts /beliefs
bibliophobia fear of books Criticism serious exam//judgement
Claustrophobia fear of enclosed space Absenteeism habitual absence
carcinophobia fear of cancer Feminism concern women’s’ rights
Acrophobia fear of heights Socialism society welfare
Anglophobia fear of England or English Heroism display courage at danger
Agoraphobia fear of places Anthropology Study of human cultures
Melophobia fear of music Cardiology study of heart
10-19 denarian Criminology Scientific study of crime
20-29 vicenarian Dermatology study of skin
30-39 tricenarian Diabetology study of diabetes
40-49 quadragenarian Tight corners difficult situation
50-59 quinquagenarian Ecology study of organism-environ
60-69 sexagenarian Geology study of Earth
70-79 septuagenarian Gynecology study of women’s medicine
80-89 octogenarian Somatology Study of human evolution
Mineralogy study of minerals Sociology Study of society
Musicology Study of music Traumatology wounds and injuries
Cardiology study of heart Typology the study of classification
Nanotechnology studying molecular machine Volcanology the study of volcanoes
Nephrology the study of the kidneys Misogynist dislikes women
Neurology the study of nerves Introvert interested in self /reserved
Ornithology Study of birds Honorarium payment for service
Palaeontology Study fossils Quintessence important part
Phonology the study of vocal sounds Amateur sports as hobby
Physiology functions of living organisms Quarantine isolated from infected people
Psychology study of mental processes Allegory a moral narrative
Rhinology the study of the nose zoomorphism describing nature in animal term
Seismology the study of earthquakes
Sans without
Ice berg a large floating mass of ice
Ice cap a layer of ice covering earth poles
Ice floe a large area of ice
Ice sheet a long-time layer of ice
Ice rink flat ice surface for ice skating
Humdrum boring routine
White lies lies to avoid hurting
Quest of lucre dishonest money making
Sci-fi a genre of speculative fiction
Avalanche snow slide
Hacking unauthorized intrusion into computer
Seismology study of earthquakes
Herpetology study of reptiles and amphibians
Meteorology study of atmosphere and climate
Teetotaller one who avoids alcohol
Globetrotter travel all over the world
Ambidextrous using both hands
Misanthrope antisocial
Polyglot fluent in many language
Nonagenarian aged in nineties
Thespian theatre artist
Sadist derive pleasure in others pain difficult situation
Hematology Study of Blood
Hepatology study of the liver
Methodology study of methods
Microbiology study of micro-organisms
 QUESTION TAGS

Plural noun The toys in the box are not new, are they?
they The young should learn to take up responsibilities, shouldn’t they?

Someone Someone has arranged a picnic, haven’t they?

Somebody Somebody entered the garden, didn’t they?

No one They No one was interested in it, were they?

Nobody Nobody lives in this house, do they?
Everyone Everyone will attend the part, won’t they?
Everybody Everybody has left, haven’t they?
These These weren’t yours, were they?
Those Those are flowers, aren’t they?

Everything Everything looks beautiful, doesn’t it?

Something Something happened, did nt it?
Anything It Anything is possible, is not it?
This This is an expensive book, is nt it?
That That was not a big surprise, was it?
Nothing (negative) Nothing goes wrong, does it?

There There is no water, is there?

There were no good schools in the town, were there?
There There is not much time left, is there?
There was a pond beside the temple, wasn’t there?
Each of__plural noun
Either of ___plural noun They Neither of my two brothers helped me in that situation, did they?
Neither of __plural noun
Both of ___plural noun
All of ___plural noun

Each of us we
Either of us
Neither of us All of us are not eligible to apply for this course, are we ?
Both of us
All of us
Each of us
Collective noun (singular, plural) It/they The jury has taken its decision, hasn't it?
The audience have taken their seats, haven't they?
hardly, seldom, scarcely, rarely, Positive We rarely visit out native town, do we?
barely, never, no, not, nor, none, Ajith seldom speaks in English, does he?
Nirmala can never sing well, can she?
no one, nobody ,nothing, neither, I had hardly any money, had I?
nevertheless, under no circum- He seldom smiles, does he?
stances, few, little
They rarely lose their points, do they?
Raj scarcely listens in class, does he?
Few planets can be seen, can they?
Ram shows little care in his studies, does he?
Little do your parents know about this problem, do they ?
Note: a little/ a few – positive. So, it takes negative tag E.g. A little sugar is added to sauces, isn’t it?
I have a few chocolates to share, haven’t I?
I am…… Aren’t I? I am a very honest being, aren’t I?
I am not…. am I? I am not a doctor, am I?
Shall we? Let’s close our eyes, shall we?
Let us……
Let’s all go to the beach this evening, shall we?
Will you? Please, bring me a glass of water, would you? (polite request)
Imperative sentence or Always follow the traffic rules, would you? (obligation)
Would Join us for lunch tomorrow, will you? (invitation)
you? Don’t ever meddle with my papers, will you? (warning)